bellringer o name three possible dangers you may encounter when working with animals? safety &...
TRANSCRIPT
Bellringer
OName three possible dangers you may encounter when working with animals?
Safety & Sanitation TM 1
Safety & Sanitation in
Veterinary Medicine
Spring 2012
Safety & Sanitation TM 2
Learning Target
OAnalyze the effects that poor safety precautions and sanitation can have on both animals and their handlers.
Safety & Sanitation TM 3
The Game Plan…
OReview of Safety and Sanitation Hazards
OAttack of the Germs! - ActivityOGroup DiscussionOExit Slip: Formative Assessment
Questions
Safety & Sanitation TM 4
Formative Assessment
OComplete an Exit SlipO Evaluate the relationship between
proper sanitation of clinical facilities and potential hazards to the medical staff.
O Describe three steps that you can take to ensure your own safety when working with animals during class.
Safety & Sanitation TM 5
Safety With Animals
OWhat are some potential hazards a person may encounter when working with animals?
Safety & Sanitation TM 6
O Chemical Hazards:- Ingestion or handling of hazardous medication or
materials
O Physical Hazards:- Bodily injuries from working with animals and
medical equipment
O Biological Hazards:- Contracted from handling medical wastes
O Zoonotic Hazards:- Disease that are spread from animals to humans
through viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungusSafety & Sanitation TM 7
Four Hazards in Veterinary Medicine
Chemical Hazards
O Chemical Hazards:- Ingestion or handling of hazardous
medication or materials
Drugs/MedicationCleaning agentsInsecticidesAnesthetic gases
Many hazardous chemicals are routinely used in veterinary hospitals.
Safety & Sanitation TM 8
Chemical HazardsO These chemicals can cause damage
to the skin and eyes and to the lungs if they are inhaled.
O Some chemicals may also cause abortion and/or fetal abnormalities if absorbed into the bloodstream.
O Never use a substance for anything other than its intended use!!!!
Safety & Sanitation TM 9
Physical HazardsO Physical Hazards:
- Bodily injuries from working with animals and medical equipment
Animal injuries – bites, kicking, scratchesBack injuries – improperly lifting heavy objects or animalsFalls on wet floorsExposure to x-rays
Safety & Sanitation TM 10
Physical HazardsO Physical injuries from animals are the
most common.
O Physical hazards are especially dangerous when working with farm animals due to their size.
O Cats needle-like teeth and sharp claws harbor bacteria that can cause serious illness in humans.
Safety & Sanitation TM11
Physical Hazards
O To prevent injury proper clothing and footwear should always be worn when working with animals.
O Learning animal behavior and the correct handling and restraint techniques can help prevent injuries.
Safety & Sanitation TM12
Biological hazardsO Biological Hazards:
- Contracted from handling medical wastes
Living tissue and organismsBloodUrineLive vaccinesMedical waste that has had contact with living tissue (urine soaked blankets, bandage material, etc.)Needles and scalpels “Sharps”
Safety & Sanitation TM 13
Biological HazardsO The danger of biohazards is that they
can spread disease from one animal to another or from animals to humans.
O Medical wastes must be disposed of properly!
O Gloves and protective clothing should be worn when handling biohazards.
Safety & Sanitation TM14
Zoonotic hazards
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VirusesRabiesSleeping Sickness (Encephalitis)
BacteriaCat Scratch FeverSalmonellosisAnthraxTuberculosis
ParasitesMangeToxoplasmosis
FungusRingworm
• Zoonotic Hazards:- Disease that are spread from animals to humans through viruses,
bacteria, parasites, fungus
Zoonotic HazardsOThere are several ways to
prevent the spread of these diseases including:• Vaccination of animals and humans
• Proper waste disposal• Isolating infected animals• Proper handling of infected animals• Proper sanitation of hospital• Hand washing• Wearing protective clothing
Safety & Sanitation TM16
ActivityO Is it possible to come in contact with
these hazards in vet science class?
O How easily can you contract a harmful substance (such as medical waste or disease) from a surface or animal?
O Do we usually clean effectively or quickly?
Safety & Sanitation TM 17
DiscussionO What protective measures can we
take as a class to ensure the safety of ourselves and your classmates?
Safety & Sanitation TM 18
Rules When Working With Animals
1. Always wear protective clothing and equipment, when necessary. (Gloves, Long Pants, boots, Mask)
2. Always wash clothing & equipment after use.
3. Wash hands & body between each patient. 4. Keep hands away from eyes and face.
5. Do not consume food or drink where contamination may occur.
6. Remove contaminated equipment. Coats, coveralls, etc.
7. Always label medications and chemicals properly.
8. Be trained properly on handling techniques. 9. Always keep first aid kit handy.
10. Be aware of surroundings. 19
O Describe the relationship between proper sanitation of clinical facilities and potential hazards to the medical staff.
O Describe three steps that you can take to ensure your own safety when working with animals during class?
Safety & Sanitation TM20
Exit Slip
Types of SanitationO Cleaning –physically removing all visible
signs of dirt and organic matter such as feces, blood, hair, etc.
O Disinfecting –destroying most microorganisms on nonliving things by physical or chemical means.
O Sterilizing – destroying all microorganisms and viruses on an object using chemicals and/or heat.
O Antiseptics – solutions that destroy microorganisms or inhibit their growth on living tissue.Safety & Sanitation TM 21
Safety & Sanitation TM22
Safety signs & equipment
Danger Radioactive Biohazard
Dosimeter Lead GlovesBack Brace
Wet Floor
Lead Apron
MSDSMaterial Safety Data Sheet
Includes 8 sections:1. Manufacturer Information2. Hazard Ingredients/ Identity Information3. Physical/ Chemical Characteristics4. Fire and Explosion Hazard Data5. Reactivity Data6. Health Hazard Data7. Precautions for Safe Handling and Use8. Control MeasuresSafety & Sanitation TM 23
Drug SchedulesSchedule I: no medical use – high abuse
Heroin, Methaqualone, LSD, Peyote, Psilocybin, Marijuana, Hashish, Hash Oil, amphetamine variants.
Schedule II: accepted medical use – high abuseDilaudid, Demerol, Methadone, Cocaine, PCP, Morphine, and cannabis, amphetamine and barbiturate types.
Schedule III: accepted medical use – medium abuseOpium, Vicodan, Tylenol w/codine, and narcotic, amphetamine and barbiturate types.
Schedule IV: accepted medical use – low abuseDarvocet, Xanax, Valium, Halcyon, Ambien, Ativan, barbiturate types.
Schedule V: accepted medical use – very low abuseLomotil, Phenergan, liquid suspensions.Safety & Sanitation TM 24
Types of Sanitation
Cleaning –physically removing all visible signs of dirt and organic matter such as feces, blood, hair, etc.
Disinfecting –destroying most microorganisms on nonliving things by physical or chemical means
Sterilizing – destroying ALL microorganisms and viruses on an object using chemicals and/or heat under pressure
Antiseptics – solutions that destroy microorganisms or inhibit their growth on living tissue Safety & Sanitation TM 25
Commonly Used chemicals
Safety & Sanitation TM 26
Alcohols – ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol
Aldehydes – gluteraldehyde, formaldehyde
Chlorine – bleach
Iodine and Iodophors – Betadine, iodine
Quaternary ammonias – Centrimide, Quatsyl-D
Methods of Sanitation
Safety & Sanitation TM 27
Physical cleaning – using a chemical with a mop or spongeCold sterilization – soaking items in a disinfectant chemical until they are usedDry heat – incinerating an object or exposing it to flameRadiation – using ultraviolet or gamma rays
Filtration – removing particles from the air using a physical barrierUltrasound – passing high frequency sound waves through a solution to create a vibration that scrubs an object to remove debrisAutoclave – a sealed chamber in which objects are exposed to heat and steam under pressure