Bellringer

• Why didn’t ancient Greece invent feudalism?

Agenda

1. The Renaissance2. Renaissance Art3. Thesis statement practice

Objectives

Students will be able to…66. Explain the economic and cultural

foundations of the Renaissance.67. Describe the artistic, political, and

philosophical developments of the Renaissance.

Europe Suffers…

• The Middle Ages–Focus on survival–Wars–Plagues–Ignorance

• But finally, a recovery…

The Renaissance

• Renaissance: a rebirth of culture–Greek and Roman culture return!

• Almost a golden age–Prosperity? –Cultural development? –Peace? Sort of

Objective #66

How did it start?• The effect of the Crusades–Re-learning of Greco-Roman ideas from

interaction with the Muslims–Increased demand for Middle Eastern

products–Stimulated production of stuff to sell in

the Middle East• Banks

Banking and Credit• For long-distance trade–Barter is inefficient–So is carrying gold and silver

• Instead, carry a letter of credit–Bank promise that you have the

money–Banks work out the details later

Other Economic Ideas

• Interest: the price you pay to borrow money–Church calls this a sin (usury)–Traders become more secular

• Bookkeeping–Hard to do with Roman numerals–Arabic numerals introduced (though

invented in India)

Italian Renaissance• Starts in Italy. Why?–Competitive city-states, governed as

republics–Dominated trade routes between

Middle East and northern Europe–Lived on top of Roman culture, stole

Greek culture from Constantinople

Florence

Genoa Venice

City-State Politics

• Initially republics, but wealthy families came to dominate–Control trade, then control

government–Liked to spend their money on art

to show off – patrons

Machiavelli• Machiavelli’s The Prince–Political philosophy for absolute

power–Ends justify the means•Better to be feared than loved•Do good when possible, evil when necessary

Objective #67

Renaissance Spirit• Humanism–Study of classics, focus on human potential

and achievements •Shift of values from Christianity

–Petrarch (humanist poet)• Secular–Worldly focus, even for church leaders–Have pretty, expensive stuff on earth

Art• With patrons and an emphasis on

having nice things on earth, art flourishes• Themes: –Middle Ages: church and salvation–Renaissance: individuals and worldly

matters (and churchy things)

Art

A mini-webquest

Famous Artists

Michelangelo

Donatello

Raphael

Leonardo

Leonardo Da Vinci• The Renaissance Man–Many interests and talents–Painter, sculptor, architect, musician,

inventor, engineer, scientist, anatomist…• Famous Works–Mona Lisa–Last Supper

Mona Lisa

Last Supper

Michelangelo• Sculptor, architect, and painter• Famous works–Most known for painting the ceiling of

the Sistine Chapel–Considered himself a better sculptor•Pieta•David

Sistine Chapel

“The Creation of Adam”

Pieta

Michelangelo’s David

Raphael

• Painter and architect• Famous works (several rooms in the

Vatican)–School of Athens

School of Athens

Donatello

• Much less famous than the others• Also made a

statue of David

Northern Renaissance

Northern Renaissance

• Wealth supports Renaissance ideas–Recover after Hundred Years War–More trade and more cities

• Humanism with more of a focus on religion than in Italy–Erasmus: The Praise of Folly–Sir Thomas More: Utopia–Shakespeare

The Printing Press• Invented in 1450

by Johann Gutenberg– Spreads learning

and ideas (more books)–Gutenberg Bible