●Bellwork 10/1● Watch the clip of Pocahontas.● Write these in your binder:

● How is Pocahontas portrayed?● How is the relationship between John Smith and

Pocahontas portrayed?● Tell what happens overall

4.1 English Colonies

●Essential Questions

● What were the negative effects of the location of Jamestown?

● What was the true story of John Smith and Pocahontas?

London Company

In 1605 a company of English merchants, called the London Company, asked for the right to found a new settlement in North America

They wanted to settle in a region called VirginiaoAt the time, Virginia stretched from present day Maine to South CarolinaoKing James I granted this request promising the Company the rights to these lands

Settlement in Jamestown

After learning of the failures of previous colonies financed by one person, the London Company wanted a group to share the cost and risk of founding a colonyTo attract investors and settlers, the LC printed advertisements praising Virginia.Propaganda- Information that is spread with the purpose of promoting a cause.

The promise of wealth attracted adventurers and people who wanted a new start in America.The main purpose of Jamestown was to generate profit for EnglandIn April 1607, three ships containing 105 male colonists landed off the coast of VirginiaoThe ships sailed into Chesapeake Bay and up to the James RiverThey named the colony Jamestown, after the King of England

Life in JamestownThe colonists were poorly prepared to start a settlementMost wanted to earn their living in the new world, but had no practical skills to start a colony such as carpentry or farming experience.oMost were English “Gentlemen” a higher social class that looked down on physical laborCaptain John Smith was one colonist of the early colonists of JamestownoHe complained about the poor work ethic and lack of skills of the other colonists

Negatives of the Location

The colony was built on a marshlandoThis area was full of disease-carrying mosquitoesoThe river water was too salty to drinkBy the time winter arrived, 2/3 of the original colonists had diedoThe survivors were hungry and sick

John SmithJohn Smith took control of the colonyHe forced the settlers to work and to build better housingHe also instituted policies that made all healthy people gather foodDuring an expedition for food, Smith was captured by Algonquian IndiansHe was taken to the Powhatan (pow-a-tan) capital of Werowocomoco.

PocahontasDaughter of Wahunsonacock

(wa-hoon-Suh-nuh-kik), chief of the PowhatanReal name was Matoaka (ma-toke-a)oPocahontas was a nickname that means playful or hard to control

Smith and Pocahontas MythsSaving Smith’s LifeSmith wrote in his book that he was saved from death by PocahontasoHe said he was set on an altar stone to be clubbed to death by members of the tribeoHe said Pocahontas flung herself on him to save himThe book was published more than 10 years after the incidentNo one really knows if it actually happenedSome theories suggest if it happened, it was merely a symbolic public ceremony to show the Powhatan acceptance of Smith

Why would Smith create this story?

Bias- Supporting one side rather than remaining neutralNo one else was around to tell the story in 1624, as Pocahontas died in 1617This story would make Smith’s adventures seem more fantastic and perhaps help him become famousIt also could have been done to promote Pocahontas’ story

Romantic Relationship?

There is no evidence to suggest of a romantic relationship between the twoSmith was 28 and Pocahontas was around 11

Pocahontas helps the ColonistsThis fact about Pocahontas is true:Pocahontas was trusted by the English and helped to formulate English/American Indian relationshipsShe carried food, gifts, and messages between the two culturesShe also was able to arrange for prisoner transfers between the two groupsThe Powhatan taught the colonists how to grow corn.

Colonist/Powhatan Relations

While Pocahontas helped to mend the relationship between the two groups, it was not always peacefulThe colonists sometimes stole food from the Powhatan by forceThere were also incidents and skirmishes between the two groups

Bellwork: 10/2

•Review Paragraph:

In paragraph form, compare the Pocahontas myth to reality. Use at least 3 facts.

●Essential Question

● What saved Jamestown and allowed it to be profitable? How did this process occur?

Starving Time

In 1609 400 more settlers arrived in JamestownA gunpowder injury forced John Smith to return to England, leaving the colony without a strong leaderThat winter, disease and famine hit the colonyThis time period was called the starving timeoThe next spring, only 60 colonists were still alive.

John RolfeBecause the colony was struggling to survive, it obviously was not making money for the London Company.Colonist John Rolfe helped to solve this problemoHe knew tobacco grew well in Virginia, it was just not the type that was preferred in EnglandoRolfe introduced a West Indian variety to be grown in Virginia.oSoon the colonists were able to export tobacco to England for a profit

John Rolfe later married Pocahontas in 1614.oThis marriage also helped Jamestown to form more peaceful relationships with the Powhatan.Occurred while she was captured by the English

oShe later became baptized and was known as RebeccaoShe met the King and Queen of England on a trip to promote the Jamestown colony and recruit new settlers.

Relationships StrainedPeace between the colonists and American Indians did not lastColonists no longer depended on the Indians for foodAs they colony grew, they began using Indian land to grow tobacco

Colonists killed a Powhatan leader, and Opechancanough (O-pech-an-cah-no) responded by attacking the settlers killed 350 men, women, and children.oAmong those killed was John RolfeFighting between the groups continued for the next 20 years

Life in VirginiaPeople began to live on scattered farms instead of townsTobacco farmers established plantationsoThis was due to the headright systemColonists who paid their own way to Virginia received 50 acres of landFor every additional person they brought they would get 50 more acres

Life was difficult, as many people died from diseases and harsh weatheroHigh death tolls led to labor shortages

Indentured Servants

Indentured servants were hired to help with the laboroWould work 4-7 years for those who paid for their trip to AmericaoThey would be provided with food, drink, clothes, and shelterLiving and working conditions were poor, and many indentured servants died before their term ended.

African SlavesAfricans came to Virginia on a Dutch ship in 1619.Some worked as indentured servants, others as slaves.As time went on, less people were willing to work in the harsh conditions as an indentured servantThis led to an increase of African slaves.Planters- owners of large plantations turned to using slave labor for their plantations

Bacon’s RebellionMany colonists were growing unhappy with conditions in the colony.Poor colonists especially were upset with how the government was run.oThey also felt they were not being protected from Indian attacksThey were also upset with the lack of available farmland, and began farming on Indian land.In 1676 a group of former indentured servants attacked a group of American IndiansoThis group was led by Nathaniel Bacon, a wealthy planter

When the governor tried to stop Bacon and his men, they attacked and burned Jamestown.At one point, Bacon and his men controlled Jamestown.oBacon later died of fever, ending the rebellion.oThe 23 remaining rebels were hanged to death.The rebellion made it difficult to make peace with American Indians.