bellwork: explain why this does not show evolution

Bellwork: Explain why this does NOT show evolution

Science Fact of the Day:With more than 80,000 arms, the Basket Starfish has the greatest number of arms.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nv7zPZCV-Ho

Evolution Practice

1. _______________ is defined as change over time.

• artificial selection• natural selection• homologous structures• vestigial organs• Darwin• Lamarck

• adaptation• evolution• common descent• descent with modification• fitness• biological diversity

2. _______________ contributed more to our understanding of evolution than

anyone else.



3. _______________is selection by humans for breeding of useful traits

from the natural variation among different organisms.



4. _______________ is the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in

its environment.



5. An _______________ is any inherited characteristic that increases

an organism’s chance of survival.



6. Individuals with characteristics that are not well suited to their environment die. Individuals that

are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully. Darwin called this

process _______________.



7. _______________ is a principle that each living species has descended, with changes, from other species over time.



8. According to the principle of _______________, all species – living and

extinct – were derived from common ancestors.



9. The following phrases are from a game of telephone. Which biology concept(s) does this illustrate?

1. Dark forest 2. Dark force3. Damp forest4. Dan put forest

10. A population of giraffes inhabits an area filled with tall trees and vegetation that is located high off of the ground. Within the population of giraffes are individuals with short, medium, and long necks. Which of the individuals will leave behind the most offspring?

11. Copy the following sentence with the correct answer choice.

Natural selection happens (quickly/slowly) and occurs in (individuals/populations).

12. A brand of fire ant poison claims to kill all ants in two applications. The first application of the poison killed 74% of the fire ants. Three months later, the poison was reapplied but

only killed 39% of the remaining fire ant population. Explain the decrease

in the effectiveness of the ant poison.

13. Imagine that a small island holds a population of lizards that are all the same (have the same

traits). Now imagine a strong storm sweeps some of the island lizards over to the mainland. On the

mainland, there are new ecosystems for the island lizards to explore. In these new ecosystems, they meet new populations of lizards (with new traits)

that they can now breed with. What might happen with regards to the variation that could be created

within the population of island lizards? (more, less, no change)

14-17. Copy the statement and indicate if it is true or false

14. Natural selection will occur more quickly when resources are limited

15.Natural selection will occur more quickly when populations reproduce slowly

16.Natural selection will occur more quickly when competition is minimal

17.Natural selection will occur more quickly when populations have many genetic variations

18. Write a one sentence summary for the following passage.

• You are most likely aware that not every plant is adapted to survive in every ecosystem. Plants are specialists and thrive in environments that they are best adapted to, but could die in the wrong environment. A cactus would die in a wetland. A palm tree would freeze during a winter.

19. Indicate (Y/N) if the situation would cause natural selection to occur.

• Limited amount of food supply• Decreased competition for mates• Reduced material and space for shelter• Increased fighting for resources

20. How is the organism in the

picture adapted to its environment?

21. How is the organism in the picture adapted to its environment?

22. Explain how humans caused wolves to evolve into dogs.

23. Explain the following graph as it relates to

natural selection and

evolution.

24. Define inherited variation

25. How does the picture below show evidence for common ancestry?

26. Explain the change in the mollusks.

27. Two populations of mice living in the same forest are separated by a large water-filled ditch. After a rainstorm, flooding brings several mice from one population to the other population. When the mice from the first population reproduce with members of the second population, what will likely occur?

28. The concept of ____________ is demonstrated when a cow is driven off from its herd, joins another herd, and reproduces.

Bonus: draw the common ancestor for the birds

Answer key

1. evolution is defined as change over time.



2. Darwincontributed more to our understanding

of evolution than anyone else.



3. artificial selectionis selection by humans for breeding of useful traits from the natural variation

among different organisms.



4. fitness is the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its

environment.



5. An adaptation is any inherited characteristic that increases an organism’s chance of survival.



6. Individuals with characteristics that are not well suited to their environment die. Individuals that are

better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully. Darwin called this

process natural selection.



7. descent with modification is a principle that each living species has descended, with changes, from other species over time.



8. According to the principle of common descent, all species – living and extinct – were derived from common ancestors.



9. The following phrases are from a game of telephone. Which biology concept(s) does this illustrate? evolution

1. Dark forest 2. Dark force3. Damp forest4. Dan put forest

10. A population of giraffes inhabits an area filled with tall trees and vegetation that is located high off of the ground. Within the population of giraffes are individuals with short, medium, and long necks. Which of the individuals will leave behind the most offspring? Long necks

11. Copy the following sentence with the correct answer choice.

Natural selection happens (quickly/slowly) and occurs in (individuals/populations).

12. A brand of fire ant poison claims to kill all ants in two applications. The first application of the

poison killed 74% of the fire ants. Three months later, the poison was reapplied but only killed 39% of the remaining fire ant population. Explain the decrease in the effectiveness of the ant poison.

The ants that survived the first poison passed on that trait to their offspring (natural selection).

13. Imagine that a small island holds a population of lizards that are all the same (have the same

traits). Now imagine a strong storm sweeps some of the island lizards over to the mainland. On the

mainland, there are new ecosystems for the island lizards to explore. In these new ecosystems, they meet new populations of lizards (with new traits)

that they can now breed with. What might happen with regards to the variation that could be created

within the population of island lizards? (more, less, no change)

14-17. Copy the statement and indicate if it is true or false

14. Natural selection will occur more quickly when resources are limited True

15.Natural selection will occur more quickly when populations reproduce slowly False

16.Natural selection will occur more quickly when competition is minimal False

17.Natural selection will occur more quickly when populations have many genetic variations False

18. Write a one sentence summary for the following passage.

• You are most likely aware that not every plant is adapted to survive in every ecosystem. Plants are specialists and thrive in environments that they are best adapted to, but could die in the wrong environment. A cactus would die in a wetland. A palm tree would freeze during a winter.

• Plant populations adapt to survive in different environments.

19. Indicate (Y/N) if the situation would cause natural selection to occur.

• Limited amount of food supply Yes• Decreased competition for mates No• Reduced material and space for shelter Yes• Increased fighting for resources Yes

20. How is the organism in the picture adapted to

its environment?Spines protect from predators, no leaves (keeps in water), etc.

21. How is the organism in the picture adapted to its environment?

Smell discourages predators, coloring discourages predators

22. Explain how humans caused wolves to evolve into dogs.

People only bred wolves with traits they wanted (cuteness, tameness, etc). Over

many generations wolves evolved into dogs.

23. Explain the following graph as it relates to natural

selection and evolution.

Choosing only large or small fish to remove from

the tank changes the gene pool,

which changes the average size of the

fish over time.

24. Define inherited variationchildren have different

characteristics than their parents and each other.

25. How does the picture below show evidence for common ancestry?

Difference organisms have a similar structure (anatomy)

26. Explain the change in the mollusks.• A large, sudden change occurred in their

environment. After the change the mollusks with the bigger shells were better adapted for the new environment.

27. Two populations of mice living in the same forest are separated by a large water-filled ditch. After a rainstorm, flooding brings several mice from one population to the other population. When the mice from the first

population reproduce with members of the second population, what will likely occur? Increased genetic diversity

28. The concept of __gene flow______ is demonstrated when a cow is driven off from its herd, joins another herd, and reproduces.

Bonus: draw the common ancestor for the birds

bellwork: explain why this does not show evolution

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