Benefits for using a standardised risk management framework to risk assess Infection Prevention and Control

1 October 2014

Sue GreigSenior Project Officer

National HAI Prevention Program

Who might benefit from this presentation?

• Organisation governance – improve their understanding of their role in infection prevention and control and risk management

• Quality and safety managers or departments• Infection prevention and control professionals

Key message – infection control is everybody’s business

To make this message meaningful it requires a governance structure and key people to drive and direct the infection prevention and control programme and all staff to have a basic understanding of:

– Effective governance to support implementation, monitoring, reporting activities

– Effective work practices to minimise risk of transmission of infectious agents

– Modes of transmission of infectious agents– Legislation, regulation and standards to be applied

A risk management framework

• Provides a nationally consistent approach that is robust enough to be applied across the health continuum

• How do we use risk assessment and management principles for Infection Prevention and Control?

• Infection should not be considered an unpredictable complication but a potentially preventable adverse event

The risk assessment and management flowchart Source: Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infections in Health Care (NHMRC 2010) - Adapted

Collab

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tion

A risk matrixSource: Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infections in Health Care (NHMRC 2010)

Who owns the risk?

• the system

• the organisation

• the team who are delivering the care

• the individual

From where can risks come?

Governance of the organisation or service

Who is at risk?

Patients – some patients more than others, e.g. elderly, surgical patients, neonates, patients with indwelling devices

HCWs – they are health consumers as well and they have extensive exposure to the risk

The organisation

Firstly, we need to understand the principles of risk management

Avoid risk – if a risk cannot be eliminated then it must be managed

Identify risk – what is the risk and who is involved?

Analyse risks – how did it occur , what is the likelihood and what are the consequences?

Evaluate risk – can the risk be reduced or eliminated?

Treat risks – who will do this, how and when will it be monitored?

What do we do to minimise risk

We need to identify:

• Who is at risk?• What infectious agent is involved?• How is the agent transmitted?• Why can it happen?• How likely is it?• What are the consequences?• What can be done?• How is it applied to the situation?

Successful risk management includes

• A range of strategies that will be influenced by– a base-line review or gap analysis– review of the current governance

arrangements, systems, processes, practices and their effectiveness

• Development of an action plan to prioritise response strategies and resources

A risk assessment tool - example

To find out more, go to:

The Healthcare Associated Infection (HAI) Prevention Program www.safetyandquality.gov.au/hai

Accreditation and the NSQHS Standardshttp://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/our-work/accreditation-and-the-nsqhs-standards/Accreditation Advice Line:Email accreditation@safetyandquality.gov.auPhone1800 304 056

Standard 3Preventing and Controlling Healthcare Associated Infections

Risk Management and NSQHS Standards, Standard 3 – Preventing and Controlling Healthcare Associated Infections

Sue GreigSenior Project Officer

National HAI Prevention Program

25September 2014

Risk Management and NSQHS Standard 3

• This presentation outlines how the principles of risk management will support an organisations response to NSQHS Standard 3

• For each element of risk management discussed in this presentation, relevant examples from NSQHS Standard 3 have been included

IP&C and Governance (3.1, 3.3, 3.4, 3.14, 3.16)

• Policies and procedures should utilise a risk management approach and

• Demonstrate evidence of regular review, monitoring, audit and assessment of infection prevention and control activities

• Determine priorities based on risk assessment• Evaluate effectiveness at least annually• Minimise risks to patients of HAIs

Prioritising risk (3.8, 3.9, 3.10)

• Scope of activity and services offered will influence risk

• Is the origin of the risk internal or external or both?• What are the risks and opportunities for

transmission?• What existing controls are in place?• Identify the opportunities for transmission • Identify those risks that are high so they can be

prioritised both for likelihood and consequence

Collaboration to reduce risk (3.7, 3.18, 3.19)

• Recognition of how infection prevention and control risks impacts upon other areas – WH&S, HR, education, consumers and clinicians

• Utilising a standardised tool for identification and analysis of risk

• Evaluation of risk management strategies will require collaboration

• Minimise duplication

Evaluating the risks (3.12, 3.13, 3.17)

• To identify how this can happen in your organisation

• When evaluating the risk how are you going to prioritise activities? identify where the risks are high the simplest intervention greatest impact in the shortest time period.

What is the balance between likelihood and consequences?

How will we know how likely it is to happen?

From the risk assessment - are the risks– common or rare– severe or mild

How likely will risk occur?− monitoring and audit results− surveillance− complaints− observation

Establish a context for the clinical environment

Establishing a context – what do we need to consider?

• The scope of the services provided• Availability of policies and procedures

relevant to the intended audience?• Consultation with HCW during

development and review?• Literacy issues and comprehension of

risk• Do HCW understand what the risks

are and what actions will minimise those risks?

Communication and consultation• Be proactive when developing protocols and

procedures.• Identify regular intervals for revision and

updating – this can also be a reactive response.

• Consider clinicians, managers and non-clinical staff when communicating how policies, procedures and protocols apply to them.

• Target the audience when providing information on the risk of infectious agents

How can communication and consultation support the risk management process?

• Provide a plan and systems for risk notification, assessment, management and resolution

• Celebrate achievements• Encourage and facilitate collaboration• Utilise appropriate message media including

signage, websites, posters, charts, agenda items• Provide patient and consumer information in

areas where it is accessible• Education is provided for

HCW on infectious agents, means of transmission and interventions that need to be applied

Monitor and review

• Are the interventions making a difference to the corporate and/or clinical risk?

• Is risk being reduced?• How do we know?

• mechanisms are implemented to ensure identification of risks

• methods of demonstrating how good the care is including surveillance, quality

improvement activity results, audit

results, education

In Summary• Infection prevention and control needs:

– effective governance – resources – risk management to ensure a safe

environment for both HCW and patients• Prevent preventable infections• Success can be measured by addressing

risks with a standardised framework

“Breaking the chain of infection transmission”

To find out more, go to:

The Healthcare Associated Infection (HAI) Prevention Program www.safetyandquality.gov.au/hai

Accreditation and the NSQHS Standardshttp://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/our-work/accreditation-and-the-nsqhs-standards/Accreditation Advice Line:Email accreditation@safetyandquality.gov.auPhone1800 304 056

Standard 3Preventing and Controlling Healthcare Associated Infections