bengkel teknik menjawab spm 2016.pdf
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BENGKEL SCORE A+
PHYSICS PAPER 2SPM 2016
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Diagram 1 shows a thermometer is used to
measure the temperature of hot water.
(i) Name one type of liquid
used in the thermometer.
[1 mark]
(ii) Give one reason for the
answer in 1(a)(i).
[1 mark]
1
Mercury / alcohol
expand uniformly / does
not stick to glass / opaque
/ high boiling point
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(i) Complete the following
sentence by ticking () the correct
answer.
The temperature of water is taken
when the liquid in the
thermometer
.. starts to expand.
.. stops expanding [1 mark]
(ii) Name the physics principle
involved in 1(b)(i).
.
[1 mark]
X
Thermal equilibrium
1
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Diagram 2 shows an instrument which isused to measure atmospheric pressure.
(a) Based on Diagram 2,
(i) Name the instrument which is usedto measure the atmospheric pressure.
.
(ii) State one reason why mercury isused in the instrument.
Barometer
Higher density // opaque
// non stick
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(b) Based on Diagram 2,
(i) State the atmosphericpressure in the unit of cm Hg.
Calculate the atmospheric
pressure in the unit of Pascal.[Density of mercury = 13.6 x 103
kg m-3]
76 cm Hg
P = gh
= 13600 x 10 x 0.76
= 1.034 x 105 Pa
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Diagram 3.2 shows the electromagneticspectrum.
(a) State the electromagnetic wave R.
..........................................................................
[1 mark]
Give one reason why microwave is used in
satelite communication.
..........................................................................
[1 mark]
Gamma ray
Higer frequency / higher energy, shorter
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A radio station emits radio wave at a
frequency of 100 MHz.
(i) State the frequency in the unit of Hz.
(ii) Calculate the wave length of the radio
wave.[speed of radio wave is 3 x 108 m s-1]
[2 marks]
100 x 106 = 1 x 108
v = f = 3 x 108 / 1 x 108
= 3 m
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Diagram 4 shows ice cubes are being heated
by 600 W immersion heater for 60 seconds.
The melting ice cubes are collected in abeaker. The specific latent heat of fusion is
3.3 x 105 Jkg-1
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(a) What is the meaning of specific latent
heat of fusion?
The amount of heat required to melt 1 kg ofsolid without any change of temperature
(b) Explain why the temperature does not
change when the ice cubes changes to
liquid.
1st : Energy is used to overcome the binding
force between molecules
2nd : The kinetic energy does not change
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Calculate
(i) The energy absorbed by the ice cubes.
[1 m]E = Pt = 600 x 60
= 36000 J
(ii) The mass of ice cubes which have melted.[2 marks]
Pt = mL
m = 36000/3.3 x 105 = 1.09 x 10-1 kg
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Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show the ray
diagram of a man standing at two differentdistances in front of a concave mirror.
5
What is the
characteristic of theimage formed in
Diagram 5.1? Tick
() the correctanswer in the box
provided
Real image
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(b) Observed Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2.
(i) Compare the object distance
(ii) Compare the image distance
(iii)Compare the size of the image
Object distance in Diagram 5.1 is longer
Image distance in Diagram 5.1 is shorter
Size of image in Diagram 5.1 is smaller
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(c) Based on the answer in 5(b),
(i) State the relationship between object
distance and the image distance.
(ii) State the relationship between object
distance and the size of the image.
Object distance larger, image distance
shorter / inversely proportional
Object distance longer, size of the image smaller
/ inversely proportional
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(d) Diagram 5.3 shows a parabolic dish that is
used to receive signals from a television
station.(i) Where should the
receiver be placed to
obtain the strongest
signal?
(i) Give one reason for youranswer in 5(d)(i).
At the focal point / F
The object is at infinity / very far away @ parallel
signal is reflected / converge at focal point
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Diagram 6.1 shows the wave pattern when
water wave moves from region A to region B
in a ripple tank.
6
Diagram6.2 shows the cross-section of a ripple
tank. The wavelength of the water changes asit moves from region A to region B.
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(a) What is the meaning of wavelength?
The distance between two successive pointswhich are inphase.
@ Distance between two consecutive crests
or trough
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Based on Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2,
(i) Compare the wavelength between region A
and region B.
(ii) compare the incident angle, 1 and refracted
angle, 2.
(i) compare the depth of water between regionA and region B.
Wavelength in region A is longer
Incident angle is larger than refracted angle
depth of water in region
A is deeper
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(c) Based on answers in 6(b),
(i) state the relationship between the depth of
water and the wavelength.
(i) Complete the sentence below.
As the depth increases, the wavelength
increases
When water wave travels from a deep to
a shallow region, the direction of
propagation is refracted towards the
normal.
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(d) Explain why most beach resorts are built at
the bay area compared to the headland.
1st : The energy of the wave spread at the
bay /the wave refracted towards the
normal2nd : calmer sea / smaller amplitude
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A student is running a 200 m event. Diagram 7
shows the distance-time graph to illustrate hisrunning.
7
(a) Tick () the correct answer in the box
provided.
Distance is a Scalar quantity
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(i) Based on Diagram 7, calculate the speed of
the student at section AB.
7
(ii) Compare the speed of the student at
OA and AB.
(200 100)
24 - 14
= 10 ms-1
Speed OA < speed AB
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Based on the following aspect, give
suggestions on how the running time for 200
m event can be shortened.(i) The students attire:
Reason:
(ii) The students shoe:
Reason:
(iii) The equipment used at the starting line
Reason:
Tight
Reduce air resistance
Spike shoe /stud
Better grip
Starting block
Increase forward force /
momentum
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Diagram 8.1 shows a metal coated polystyrene
ball hang between two metal plates, R and S.
The metal plates are connected to an ExtraHigh Tension, E.H.T. supply. A strong electric
field between metal plates R and S is produced
when the switch is on.
8
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(a) What is the meaning of electric field?
(a) When the metal coated polystyrene ball
oscillates between the two plates for 3
minutes, 0.3 A of current flows in the circuit.Calculate the total charge transferred
between the two plates.
A region where electric charges experience
forces
Q = It = 0.3 x (3 x 60) = 54 C
Th f f ill ti f th t l t d
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The frequency of oscillation of the metal coated
polystyrene ball can be increased by using one
of the method listed in Table 8.1.
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Based on Table 8.1, state the suitable method to
increase the frequency of oscillation.
(i) Diameter between the two plates:
Reason:
(ii) Mass of the metal coated polystyrene ball:
Reason:
(iii) Voltage of E.H.T. supply:
Reason:
Short distance
Oscillates in short time / faster
Low mass
Increase the acceleration / speed
High voltage
Increase electric field
Based on the answers in (c)(i), (c)(ii) and
(c)(iii), choose the most suitable method to
increase the frequency of oscillation. Z
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(e) The nylon thread in Diagram 8.1 is replaced
with a copper thread.
(i) What happen to the motion of the metal
coated polystyrene ball?
(i) Give a reason for your answer in (e)(i).
stationary
No charge on the metal coatedpolystrene ball // charge is earthed
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Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show two toy
boats are separated at two different distances
to each other due to the difference in pressure.In Diagram 9.1, the end of the rubber hose is
pressed to reduce the size of the hose nozzle.
(a) What is the meaning of pressure?
Force per unit area //
force/area
9
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(b)(i) Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2,
compare the speed of water spurting out from
the rubber hose and the distance of separationbetween the toy boats.
Speed of water that spurst out in Diagram
9.1 is higher
The distance of separation between the
two toy boats is Diagram 9.1 is shorter
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(b)(ii) State the relationship between the speed
of water spurting out and the distance of
separation between the toy boats to make adeduction regarding of relationship between
the speed of water and pressure.
.
The higher the speed of water, theshorter the distance of separation
The higher the speed of water, the lower
the pressure
(iii) Name the physics principles involved.
Bernoullis principle
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(c) Diagram 9.3 shows a cross section of a
Bunsen burner. Using the physics principle,
explain how a complete combustion can beproduced by the Bunsen burner.
[4 marks] The gas from the gas tank flow in the
bunsen burner At the nozzle, the velocity of gas flows is
very high
A region of low pressure is produced at
the nozzle
Air is sucked in
The mixture of gas and air
producing complete combustion of gas
(d) Diagram 9 4 shows a hydrometer which is
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(d) Diagram 9.4 shows a hydrometer which is
used to measure density of a liquid.
You are required to modify the design in Diagram
9.4 so that the hydrometer is more sensitive andcan measure wider range of liquids density.
State and explain the modifications based on the
following aspects:(i) Length of the stem
(ii) Material of the hydrometer
(iii) Diameter of the stem(iv) Size of the bulb
(v) Number of lead shots
[10 marks]
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longer
Wide / big range // sensitive // small
scale division Plastic // glass
Avoid corrosion
Small diameter // narrow
increase sensitivity / detect small change
Big bulb
Bouyant force / more weight of water
displaced
More number of lead shorts
Stable // balance
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Diagram 10.1(a) and Diagram 10.2(a) show two
identical Van de Graaff generators being charged for 1
minute and 5 minutes respectively. Diagram 10.1(b)
and Diagram 10.2(b) show the deflection of themicroammeter pointer when the metal dome is
connected to the microammeter and a metal tap.
What is the physical quantity that can be measured
by a microammeter? [1 mark]Current
10
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(i) Using Diagram 10.1 and 10.2, compare the time
taken to charge the Van de Graaff generator, quantity
of charge produced on the dome and the angle of
deflection of the microammeter pointer.
The time taken to charge the Van de Graaff generator in
Diagram 10.2(b) is longer (vice versa)
2 The quantity of charge produced on the dome in
Diagram 10.2(b) is greater (vice versa)
3 The angle of deflection of the micrometer pointer in
Diagram 10.2(b) is greater (vice versa)
10
(ii) State the relationship between:
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(ii) State the relationship between:
*The time taken to charge the Van de Graaff generator
and the quantity of charge produced on the dome.
*The quantity of charge produced on the dome andthe current produced. [2 marks]
4 Time increase, charge increase // time charge // Q
t // q t // Q = It //graph
5 charge increase, current increase
10
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(c) Diagram 10.3 shows a filament lamp. Explain why
the filament in coiled shape produces more light.
1
Length high / long / increase2 high resistance / resistivity / R /
3 (produce / release) heat /energy / power //
E = I2Rt / (V2/R)t // P = I2R / P = (V2/R)
4 heat to light // Electric light // Electrical light // heat light
10
10
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(d) Diagram 10.4 shows the design of a wire-wrapped variable
resistor made by a student to control the amount of current
flowing through a circuit. The resistance of the variable resistor
can be varied to a maximum of 10 .You are required to modify the design in Diagram 10.4 so that the
maximum resistance is greater than 10 . State and explain the
modification based on following aspects:
(i) Cross-sectional area of wire used.
(ii) Length of wire used
(iii) Number of turns of the wire
(iv) Conductivity of the slider
(v) Type of wire used.
[10 marks]
10
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Small cross sectional
areaHigh resistance
Longer wire To increase number of turnswrapped / High resistance
5
Higher number ofturns of wrapped wire
6 To increase the maximum
resistance // increase resistance
High conductivityTo allow current flow from the
terminal to the coil
Brass / nichrome /
constantanHigh resistance
10
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Induced current
The strength of
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The strength of
magnetic field of the
bar magnet is same
The number of turns ofthe coil in 10.2 is
greater
The deflection of thegalvanometer pointer
in 10.2 is greater
The number of turns of the
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The number of turns of the
coil is directly proportional
to the size of deflection of
the galvanometer pointer The number of turns of the
coil is directly proportional
with the rate of change of
magnetic flux. The rate of change of magnetic
flux is directly proportional to
the magnitude of induced
current
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Rotate the coil
Magnetic flux is cut by thesolenoid
Induced current is
produced
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/ d
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copper Low resistance / good
conductor
Thick wire Low resistance
5 soft iron core6 easy to magnetized and
demagnetized // reducehysterisis
Laminated coreReduce eddy current
Closer
Wind secondary coil on
top of the primary coil
Reduce leakage of magnetic
flux
10
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Distance/time
360 x 103 / 3600 = 100
(100 0)/10 = 10 ms-2
0(10) + (10)(10)2 = 500 m
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1 Low density of material
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1. Low density of material
2. Light / smaller mass / small inertia
3. aerodynamic
4. Less air frictional force
5. superconductor
6. Zero resistance / no energy loss
7. 8 short coaches
8. Reduce the effect of inertia / can easily make aturn at the sharp end
9. Choose L10.Low density material, aerodynamic shape,
superconductor is used to make the magnetand 8 short coaches of fast train.
Explain how to move with
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Explain how to move with
a constant velocity:
1. Drag = engine thrust
2. Resultant force = 0
Explain how to move withan acceleration
1. Engine thrust > Drag
2. Resultant force is not
equal zero / F = ma
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Diagram 11.1 shows a man standing infront of a
curve mirror with his image shown in the mirror.
(a)(i) State a light phenomenon involved in theformation of the image.
Reflection of light
(b) Draw a ray diagram on Diagram 7 1
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(b) Draw a ray diagram on Diagram 7.1
to show how the image is formed.[3 marks]
Image
1. A ray from object parallel to
its principal axis, reflects to F
2. A ray passing through C, will
reflect at the same path, C
3.Extrapolation
of both rays to
form image
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(ii) Based on Diagram 11.1 explain how a
magnified image of the man is formed by the
curved mirror. Concave mirror is used
u < f
Reflection of light formed a virtual image
v > u
m = v/u > 1
Height of image is bigger than height ofobject
Curved mirrors are always used as security mirror
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y y
in shops to watch our for shop-lifter.
You are required to investigate the characteristics
of curved mirrors as shown in Table 11.Explain the suitability of each characteristic of the
curved mirror to be used as an effective security
mirror. Determine the most suitable curved mirrorthat can be used as a security mirror. Give reasons
for your choice.
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Convex mirror
Larger view of vision / wide field of view
Big diameter more light / brighter image formed
High position
Wider coverage / wide view / no obstacle
Strong reflector
good reflection / clear image / sharp image
Choose S
Because it is convex mirror, big diameter,high position and strong reflector
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Diagram 11.2 shows the formation of an
image by a convex lens. The focal length of
the lens is 6 cm and the height of the objectis 2 cm. Calculate
(i) The power of the lens.
(ii) The image distance.(iii)The height of the image.
P = 1/f = 1/0.06 = 16.67
(ii) 1/f = 1/u + 1/v
1/v = 1/6 1/9 = 9 6
54
v = 18 cm
(iii) m = 18/9 = h/2 = 4