Berwick

Dunbar

Capture of John Balliol 1296

EdinburghStirling

Montrose

Aberdeen

BanffElgin

Perth

Whilst Edward was invading Scotland King John had fled to Aberdeen

At Perth Edward received letters of submission from King John

8 July Balliol surrendered in person at Montrose

Toom Tabard

Balliol was then imprisoned in the Tower of London

Edward held a ceremony in which he:

• Renounced the treaty made with France

• Ripped Balliol’s royal crest from his jacket and threw it on the floor

• Toom Tabard – Empty Coat

• Removed Balliol’s crown

• Broke Balliol’s seal of office

What eventually became of Balliol

• After a request from the Pope he was sent to France in 1299

• 1301 he was released to live on his land in France

• Many Scots hoped he would return to Scotland

• However, he died in France in 1313

Edward takes control of Scotland

With Balliol in prison Robert Bruce asked Edward to make him King of Scots

Edward replied

Have we nothing else to do but win Kingdoms for you

Edward takes control of Scotland

Edward did 4 things to show he controlled Scotland

1. Ragman Roll

2000 important Scots were made to sign an oath of loyalty to Edward

Edward takes control of Scotland

2. Important Scots documents taken to England so Edward could rule Scotland

Edward takes control of Scotland

3. Symbols of Scottish Nationhood were taken to England

1) Stone of Destiny

Taken to Westminster Abbey

2) Holyrood of St Margaret

Taken to Westminster Abbey

Edward takes control of Scotland

4. English officials appointed to control Scotland

John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey – ‘Keeper of Scotland’

Hugh Cressingham – Treasurer (controlled finances)

Sir Walter of Amersham – Chancellor

Sir William Ormesby – Chief Justice