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Best Practice Guide to:

Pipe Marking

This document contains information derived from sources we deem reliable. Graphic Products, Inc. has made reasonable efforts to ensure correctness but does not guarantee accuracy or completeness. Graphic Products makes no warranties express or implied regarding the contained subject matter. Contents are subject to change without notice. Graphic Products disclaims liability for injury, damage, or loss arising from reliance on the information contained herein. Users of this information should independently consult municipal, state, or federal code and/or verify information with the appropriate regulatory agency.

INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................2

GENERAL PIPE MARKING: ANSI/ASME A13.1 ..............................................3

About the StandardColor CodingLabel SizesPrinted DetailsMarker Positioning

STANDARDS FOR SPECIAL CASES .................................................................7

Ammonia Refrigeration: IIAR Bulletin No. 114Healthcare Facilities: NFPA 99 and CGA C-9Ships and Oceanic Facilities: ISO 14726Water Treatment: Ten States Standards

MARKING YOUR FACILITY ..................................................................................8

Which Pipes Should Be LabeledInspecting Your FacilityCreating Your Pipe Markers

REFERENCE MATERIAL .......................................................................................11

General Pipe Marking Guide (based on ANSI/ASME A13.1)

Ammonia Pipe Marking Guide (based on IIAR Bulletin No. 114)

Pipe Marking for Healthcare Facilities (based on NFPA 99 and CGA C-9)

Marine Pipe Marking Guide (based on ISO 14726:2008)

Water Treatment Pipe Marking Guide (based on the Ten States Standards)

Commercial Building Pipe Marking (suggested system based on ANSI/ASME A13.1)

Evaluation Checklist

Standard Abbreviations

CONTENTS

ANSI/ASME A13.1 is a good starting point for most pipe marking projects.

Standards for special cases like Ammonia Refrigeration.

pg 3

pg 7

Content may have been updated to reflect the latest codes, standards, and regulations or to address any errors or omissions. For the most up to date edition, visit: GraphicProducts.com/guides

2 877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com

INTRODUCTIONThe following pages provide basic instructions for pipe label design, printing, and placement. These recommended practices will help improve facility efficiency and increase safety through visual communication.

There are many names for contained structures that direct the flow of a fluid: pipes, lines, tubing, conduits, and so on. While the terminology varies, the goal is the same everywhere. Workers, site visitors, and emergency responders need to know what’s in those pipes. The solution is pipe marking.

This guide is designed to help your facility comply with widely accepted standards for pipe marking. Following these standards helps ensure that everyone who enters your facility has the information they need to work safely and efficiently.

Keep this guide handy to help you and your staff understand how to create compliant pipe markers. The goal is to reduce confusion, and to avoid dangerous situations, injuries, and even deaths, by using bold, simple, and consistent labeling methods.

Need help with your pipe marking? Graphic Products offers on-site Compliance Assessment Services that include on-site audits, recommendations, and best practices for general and application-specific pipe marking. Call 877.534.5157 or visit GraphicProducts.com/CAS for more information.

Pipe markers play a vital role in safety. They can provide information for emergency responders and save lives of on-site workers.

877.534.5157 | GraphicProducts.com 3

GENERAL PIPE MARKING: ANSI/ASME A13.1There are dozens of standards for pipe marking, and they range widely in applicability, popularity, and legal requirements. Because local regulations often specify a preferred standard, you should always check with your local authorities before beginning a pipe marking project. This section of the guide will provide basic reference material for the most common standard, ANSI/ASME A13.1, which forms an excellent starting point for most pipe marking projects.

About the StandardThe ANSI/ASME A13.1 standard is the single broadest recommendation for pipe marking in the United States. OSHA regulations even refer to it for some specific industries, and it is widely used across other industries as well.

This standard was created in 2007 by combining the older ANSI A13.1 standard, from the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), with recommendations from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). The older system used a color code that identified only whether a hazard existed or not; the 2007 standard improved that system, using colors to identify what kind of hazard was present, if any.

The 2007 standard was reaffirmed without changes in 2013, but the 2015 edition included some minor revisions.

• Oxidizing materials were added to the color code. They are identified with black text on a yellow background, sharing that color scheme with the existing category of flammable materials.

• The hazard pictograms from the United Nations’ Globally Harmonized System (GHS) were included as optional printed elements. These symbols can allow users to include additional standardized information about hazardous materials.

The most recent edition of the standard can be purchased at ansi.org or asme.org.

Color CodingThe first step in designing a pipe marker is to choose the colors to be used. ANSI/ASME A13.1 recommends a color code based on the hazards posed by a given pipe’s contents. If multiple hazards are possible, use the most significant hazard.

For the purposes of the A13.1 color code:

• “Fire Quenching” includes all fire suppression systems, from water sprinklers to CO2 flooding sys1 sm ems.

• “Toxic or Corrosive” covers all materials that are themselves toxic or corrosive, or generate toxic or corrosive materials if accidentally released.

• “Flammable or Oxidizing” refers to two different but related hazards. The standard uses “flammable” to describe

vapors that can burn in the air, or fluids that can release such vapors, in the conditions that will be present in the facility. (Other standards and regulations use this term with slightly different definitions.) “Oxidizing” refers to materials that may not burn on their own, but contribute to the flammability of other materials.

• “Combustible” refers to any fluid that could pose a fire hazard, but is not “Flammable” according to the criteria above. (Again, this definition is different from those used in many other standards and regulations.)

• “Water” covers all water systems that are not specifically used for fire control.

• “Compressed Air” refers to any vapors that are not covered by one of the other categories.

PIPE CONTENTS COLOR CODE

Fire quenching White text on red

Toxic or corrosive Black text on orange

Flammable or oxidizing Black text on yellow

Combustible White text on brown

Water White text on green

Compressed air White text on blue

USER DEFINED White text on purple

USER DEFINED Black text on white

USER DEFINED White text on gray

USER DEFINED White text on black

This color code uses the ANSI “Safety Colors,” which are specifically defined color shades to ensure consistency and clarity. Other color choices may be acceptable; check with your local authorities. Document your choices to keep consistent. Colors must be bright enough and different enough that an ordinary viewer has no trouble identifying which color is which.


GENERAL PIPE MARKING: ANSI/ASME A13.1

No color code will be helpful if the viewer doesn’t understand it. The complete color code your facility uses should always be posted in a clearly-visible location. This helps to remind workers of their facility’s organization, and quickly informs site visitors and emergency responders.

Label SizesWhen determining the size of any label, the major concern should be making the label large enough for viewers to see and understand at a safe distance. This holds true for pipe markers: naturally, larger pipes need larger labels, while smaller pipes offer less room for marking. The size for a pipe marker is generally based on the outer diameter (or O.D.) of the pipe to be labeled, including any outer covering or insulation.

This chart provides recommended minimum dimensions. These refer to the size of a pipe marking label, or to the section of pipe that is painted as a background for text.

OUTER DIAMETER OF PIPE

LENGTH OF LABEL

HEIGHT OF LABEL*

0.75"-1.25" (19-32 mm) 8" (200 mm) 1" (25 mm)

1.5"-2" (38-51 mm) 8" (200 mm) 1" (25 mm)

2.5"-6" (64-150 mm) 12" (300 mm) 2" (50 mm)

8"-10" (200-250 mm) 24" (600 mm) 3" (75 mm)

Over 10" (over 250 mm) 32" (800 mm) 4" (100 mm)

*Label heights shown are based on the text sizes recommended in the ANSI/ASME A13.1 standard, with a small margin for added visibility.

Printed DetailsText is the most precise way to convey pipe contents. While ANSI/ASME A13.1 recommends a color code for quick identification, it specifies that the most important element on the label is the text, or “legend.”

The text on a pipe label should be brief and simple, but specific. Start by identifying what material the pipe carries. Additional information that indicates a hazard, such as temperature or pressure, should be included as well.

For optimum readability, the text on your labels should:

• Use all capital letters. Capitals are easier to identify from a distance.

• Appear in a “sans-serif” or “block letter” typeface (like Arial or Helvetica), rather than a “serif” typeface (like Times New Roman or Courier).

• Spell out most words. Use abbreviations only when they are clear and easy to recognize, and when it is impractical to include the entire word or phrase. A pipe abbreviation chart is included in the Reference Material section of this guide.

There are recommended text sizes which correspond to the outer diameter of the pipe. These sizes measure a capital letter from top to bottom.

OUTER DIAMETER OF PIPE HEIGHT OF LETTERS

0.75"-1.25" (19-32 mm) 0.5" (13 mm)

1.5"-2" (38-51 mm) 0.75" (19 mm)

2.5"-6" (64-150 mm) 1.25" (32 mm)

8"-10" (200-250 mm) 2.5" (64 mm)

Over 10" (over 250 mm) 3.5" (89 mm)

With common word processing software, you may only be able to set the size of text in “points.” Common document text is often a 10-point or 12-point size. To approximate the height of a capital letter in inches, divide the text size in points by 100. For example, a capital letter at a 100-point size will be about one inch high, and the same letter at 200 points will be about two inches high. Specialized software, such as the DuraSuite label design program from Graphic Products, allows you to specify an exact text size in inches or centimeters.

For hazardous chemicals, you may choose to add the GHS pictograms for the hazards posed by the contents of a pipe. This can offer an alternative way to describe hazards, matching the international system for chemical hazard classification. These symbols are only optional, and not required under the ANSI/ASME standard.

The direction of flow should also be indicated on a pipe marker, typically with printed arrows that accompany the text. These arrows can appear at one or both ends of the label, pointing in the direction of flow. If the flow direction changes, the arrows may point in both directions.


GENERAL PIPE MARKING: ANSI/ASME A13.1

Marker PositioningThe goal with label positioning is to ensure that any pipe can be easily identified from the normal approaching positions. This means that most pipes will need multiple labels. Generally, pipe markers should be placed:

• At any line entry or re-entry point

• Near any valves, flanges, branches, and changes in direction

• At both sides of any ceiling, wall, or floor penetration, or similar barriers to visibility

• Along straight runs of pipe, repeating frequently enough to ensure easy identification

The frequency of labeling along a straight section of pipe follows different recommendations under different standards. The NFPA 99 standard for healthcare facilities requires an interval of no more than 20 feet (6.1 m) between labels, for example. For general facility labeling, a common recommendation allows up to 50 feet (15.2 m) between pipe markers on long straight runs, or 25 feet in congested areas. ANSI/ASME A13.1 does not specify a length interval between labels.

Label placement varies with a pipe's height. If a pipe is above the normal line of vision, place labels on the lower portion of the pipe. If a pipe is below eye level, place the label on the upper portion of the pipe. If other pipes or equipment are in the way and a label would be hard to read, other labeling approaches such as posting signs or hanging tags may be more effective.

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Place Markers...

Label placement in relation to point of normal approach

ANSI/ASME A13.1 recommends a color code based on the hazards posed by a given pipe’s contents.


STANDARDS FOR SPECIAL CASESBecause of the wide variety of equipment, industries, and facilities that rely on pipes, there are many other standards in addition to the common ANSI/ASME A13.1 standard.

Most of these other standards are created by committees as recommendations for their respective industries, but they are often incorporated into legal requirements after their creation. Because these more focused standards are designed for specific applications, they are not applicable to all facilities. See the Reference Material section at the end of this guide for simple reference documents for these standards.

Ammonia Refrigeration: IIAR Bulletin No. 114The International Institute of Ammonia Refrigeration (IIAR) is an industry group built around the powerful technology of ammonia-based refrigeration. As experts on the subject, they have created a recommended standard for labeling the pipes and equipment involved in these complex and potentially hazardous systems. The standard is published in IIAR Bulletin No. 114, but is often simply called the IIAR label standard.

This standard for labeling may require that a label be built modularly, assembling different graphic pieces to create an accurate pipe label. Each of these five elements should be included:

1. A component abbreviation (such as “HTRL” for High Temperature Recirculated Liquid)

2. The physical state of the ammonia in that pipe (“LIQ” for liquid, “VAP” for vapor, or both)

3. A clear indication of the pipe’s contents (usually the word “AMMONIA”)

4. The pressure level, either “LOW” (70 psig or less) or “HIGH” (over 70 psig)

5. The flow direction, marked by arrows at one or both ends of the label

The IIAR standard also specifies a matching but simpler format for components, in which each piece of equipment is identified by its name and pressure level.

IIAR Bulletin No. 114 can be purchased at iiar.org.

Healthcare Facilities: NFPA 99 and CGA C-9When creating all-inclusive standards for hospitals and other healthcare facilities, the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) based their recommendations on the systems that were already successful in common usage. The Compressed Gas Association (CGA) had already created standards describing color-coding containers of compressed gas. Because the CGA C-9 standard was already popular

for medical, scientific, and recreational applications, it was adopted for use in labeling the related pipes and fittings in medical facilities as well.

These standards use different colors to identify specific common gases, and provide a framework for labeling mixtures of those gases.

NFPA 99 can be purchased at nfpa.org; CGA C-9 can be purchased at www.cganet.com.

Ships and Oceanic Facilities: ISO 14726An internationally recognized standard covers markings for pipes at sea, generally on oceangoing vessels. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard for these pipes is ISO 14726:2008. This approach uses different-colored labels to identify different types of materials, and uses optional bands of a second color to further identify specific materials within a type.

While printed text is still recommended as the best and most reliable identification method, these color bands may provide an alternative for those who can’t read the labeled language, such as multinational crews or international emergency response teams.

ISO 14726:2008 can be purchased at iso.org.

Water Treatment: Ten States StandardsWater and wastewater treatment facilities may have miles of pipes that carry water of one kind or another. A broad standard like ANSI/ASME A13.1 would label most of these pipes as “water,” whether the pipe carries raw sewer water or clean potable water. Instead, these facilities usually adopt more specialized systems. Often, the chosen approach follows the “Ten States Standards,” which were created by representatives from the states and Canadian province that surround the Great Lakes and the upper Mississippi River. The standards have been adopted as common practice in many other states as well, and are even incorporated into local law in certain areas.

The Ten States Standards can be viewed and downloaded for free at 10statesstandards.com.


Inspecting your FacilityWhen beginning a pipe marking project, you should walk through your facility and take notes on the labels that are needed. This walk-through can be combined with your normal maintenance inspections, but you will need to pay extra attention to markers and labels. Look for the following.

EXISTING MARKERS

• Check for damage, fading, discoloration, and readability.

• Are the labels accurate?

• Do they comply with your current marking color scheme?

PIPES WITHOUT MARKERS

• Look out for new equipment, or old equipment that has recently been altered.

• Have markers been removed or lost? What caused that removal?

• If a pipe or fitting has no identification, why not? The answers may lead you to a better understanding of your facility’s unique needs.

MARKERS THAT CAN'T BE SEEN CLEARLY

• Are existing labels sized appropriately and visible from an ordinary viewing position?

• Would a different viewing position make it difficult to see the labels?

• Would a hanging tag or sign be a more effective way to mark a given pipe or fitting?

MARKING YOUR FACILITYThis section will walk you through the process of inspecting your facility and carrying out a full pipe marking project. This may only need to be done once, if the labels and facility are carefully maintained, but it is probably best to schedule annual re-inspections.

Which Pipes Should be LabeledANSI/ASME A13.1 recommends marking all pipes with their contents. This helps with general facility maintenance and communication. In addition to this recommendation, some industries and jurisdictions have specific legal requirements as well. The first step in assessing your facility is to understand what regulations apply there. Check with your local authorities before you begin a project.

There are some situations you won’t even need to ask about, though. Pipe markers become important for safety when:

• Pipe contents are hazardous, or could generate hazardous conditions.

• The pipe serves a safety purpose, as part of hazard prevention or emergency response.

• Flow must be redirected, shut off, or adjusted to allow for maintenance or other expected work.

• The pipe or its contents could affect the procedures followed during an emergency.

Pipes in these situations must be labeled, because confusion could result in injury or even death. These labels clearly fall under an employer’s general duty to provide a safe workplace, incorporated into law as OSHA’s “General Duty Clause,” even when other regulations may not apply.

Properly identifying pipes, valves, and containers will aid in safety.


MARKING YOUR FACILITY

As you conduct your facility inspection, refer to a pipe schematic or facility plan. Make sure that all the pipes that appear in the plan are actually present in your facility, and vice versa. Remember that the pipe system includes all source, distribution, mixing, and discharge pipes, as well as all of the fittings, valves, and tanks that they connect. Each item should be accurately recorded on your schematic. Facility maintenance or upgrades that have not been properly documented can lead to oversights and accidents in the future.

As the project continues, you can use the schematic to create a list of any new markers that need to be created, and old ones that need to be updated. Also note any existing markers that are current, accurate, and visible; you may need to check or change them later, and it will help long-term maintenance to have a list of the different labels that are in place.

Periodically, you will need to repeat this inspection to ensure that labels remain intact, legible, and accurate. Any

accumulation of oil or dirt should be cleaned away; damaged labels should be reprinted. If a facility change has been made and the labels are no longer correct, then new labels are needed.

Creating your Pipe MarkersAn easy way to generate the large quantity of customized labels required for a pipe marking project is to use an industrial-quality label printer, such as the DuraLabel line of labeling systems from Graphic Products. This printer line offers a broad range of pipe marking supplies, including valve tags, labels for challenging surfaces, and signs that can be clamped onto pipes.

High- or low-temperature pipes, especially those in heating and refrigeration systems, may require special label materials and adhesives. Outdoor pipes will need tougher labeling materials to survive weather and sun exposure. Facilities using stainless steel piping may need to select low-halogen label stocks to minimize the risk of corrosion. Small pipes may need hanging tags or signs instead, for legibility. All of these possibilities should be considered before the project begins, so you don’t waste work replacing failed markers.

When applying your pipe markers, ensure that they are placed securely and visibly. Request input from those who work in the area to make sure that all pipes are labeled clearly, and answer any questions that they may have.

Graphic Products offers on-site Compliance Assessment Services that include recommendations and best practices for general pipe marking, application-specific standards, and keeping workers safe. Call 888.601.8535 or visit GraphicProducts.com/CAS for more information.

BEFORE

AFTER

Regularly inspect pipe labels to ensure correct labeling, readability, and code compliance.

Need to Extend Your Reach?

Call 877.534.5157 or visit GraphicProducts.comImprove safety in your workplace today!

• Apply labels between widths of 1/2" and 4", and lengths of 6 1/2" and 4'

• Comes with a standard 4'-8' pole

• Non-conductive* extension pole for 6'-11' and 8'-15' are available

Label pipes UP TO 2O' without the aid of ladders, lifts, or scaffolding with the Pipe Marker Applicator.

*When kept free of moisture, water, or other conductive liquids (up to 120/240 volts)

Create Your Own Pipe Markerswith industrial sign & label printers

Increase efficiency at your facility by adding signs and labels that identify pipes, valves, flanges, tanks, and actuators. Improve safety by clearly marking all hazards, pipes, and containers. Durable indoor/outdoor vinyl tapes and ribbons are easy to load, UV-resistant to prevent fading, and are available in a variety of colors.

DuraLabel Toro A portable, network independent label and sign printer capable of creating labels up to 4" in width anywhere, anytime.

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DuraLabel BroncoPrints up to 3" per second on supplies from ½" to 4" in width.

877.534.5157 | DuraLabel.com

Pipe GrabberTM SleevesClear plastic pipe grabber sleeves provide a clean surface for pipe marking labels, enabling users to identify dirty, oily, rusty pipes. Labels are applied directly on the sleeve, then the sleeve curls tightly around the pipe.

Pipe Grabber Sleeve Sizes:• 1" x 9" - Fits pipes with diameters 1" - 1.5"• 1.5" x 9" - Fits pipes with diameters 1.5" - 2.3"• 2" x 12" - Fits pipes with diameters 2" - 3"• 3" x 12" - Fits pipes with diameters 3" - 4"• 4" x 18" - Fits pipes with diameters 4" - 5.2"

Heavy-Duty Valve TagsLabel pipes and valves easily with our Heavy-Duty Valve Tags. Tags provide a rigid base for your label, and have pre-drilled holes to hang with cable ties. Great for small pipes as pictured and color-coding valves.

DuraTagTM, Slot Puncher, and Cable TiesFor difficult to label pipes or situations where adhesive labels are not appropriate, we offer the Slot Puncher and Cable Ties. Simply print your custom label onto DuraTagTM Tag Stock, use the Slot Puncher in each corner of your label, and secure to pipe with our Cable Ties.

Pipe marking isn’t always as easy as placing a label.Check out our accessories for marking pipes when more than a label is needed.


REFERENCE MATERIALThis section of the guide features quick-reference guides, charts, and lists for the most common types of pipe marking in the field. These reference materials are also available as standalone pieces, handy for posting in your facility. Contact us to request one.

The following reference materials are included:

• General Pipe Marking Guide (based on ANSI/ASME A13.1)

• Ammonia Pipe Marking Guide (based on IIAR Bulletin No. 114)

• Pipe Marking for Healthcare Facilities (based on NFPA 99 and CGA C-9)

• Marine Pipe Marking Guide (based on ISO 14726:2008)

• Water Treatment Pipe Marking Guide (based on the Ten States Standards)

• Commercial Building Pipe Marking (suggested system based on ANSI/ASME A13.1)

• Evaluation Checklist

• Standard Abbreviations

If you have any questions on labeling or pipe marking standards, please call our knowledgeable support team at 877.534.5157. Always check with your local authorities for any legal requirements that may apply in your area.

General Pipe Marking Guide, page 12.

Ammonia Pipe Marking Guide, page 13.

Commercial Building Pipe Marking Guide, page 17.


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AIR

Whi

te o

n B

lue

CO

MP

RE

SS

ED

AIR

Any

vapo

r or g

as u

nder

pre

ssur

e th

at d

oes

not fi

t a c

ateg

ory

abov

e

DEF

INED

BY

USE

RW

hite

on

Bla

ckD

EFIN

ED B

Y U

SER

DEF

INED

BY

USE

RW

hite

on

Purp

leD

EFIN

ED B

Y U

SER

DEF

INED

BY

USE

RW

hite

on

Gra

yD

EFIN

ED B

Y U

SER

DEF

INED

BY

USE

RB

lack

on

Whi

teD

EFIN

ED B

Y U

SER


L O WAC

CUM

ULAT

ORPi

ping

Abb

revi

atio

ns

Pipi

ng D

escr

iptio

nAb

br.

Boos

ter D

ischa

rge

BDBo

oste

r Suc

tion

BSCo

nden

ser D

rain

CDEc

onom

izer S

uctio

nES

High

Pre

ssur

e Liq

uid

HPL

High

Sta

ge D

ischa

rge

HSD

High

Sta

ge S

uctio

nHS

SHi

gh Te

mpe

ratu

re

Recir

cula

ted

Liqui

dHT

RL

High

Tem

pera

ture

Re

circu

late

d Su

ctio

nHT

RS

High

Tem

pera

ture

Su

ctio

nHT

S

Hot G

as D

efro

stHG

DIn

term

edia

te P

ress

ure

Liqui

dIP

L

Liqui

d In

ject

ion C

oolin

gLIC

Low

Stag

e Suc

tion

LSS

Low

Tem

pera

ture

Re

circu

late

d Liq

uid

LTRL

Low

Tem

pera

ture

Re

circu

late

d Su

ctio

nLT

RS

Low

Tem

pera

ture

Suc

tion

LTS

Med

ium

Tem

pera

ture

Re

circu

late

d Liq

uid

MTR

L

Med

ium

Tem

pera

ture

Re

circu

late

d Su

ctio

nM

TRS

Med

ium

Tem

pera

ture

Su

ctio

nM

TS

Oil D

rain

ODPu

mp

Out

PORe

lief V

ent

RVSu

b-Co

oled

Liqu

idSC

LTh

erm

osyp

hon R

etur

nTS

RTh

erm

osyp

hon S

uppl

yTS

STh

erm

osyp

hon V

ent

TSV

Pipe

Mar

ker D

imen

sion

s

Outs

ide P

ipe D

iam

eter

In

cludi

ng C

over

ing

Min

imum

M

arke

r Hei

ght

Min

imum

M

arke

r Len

gth

Min

imum

He

ight o

f Let

ters

Min

. Wid

th of

St

ate/

Pres

s. Ba

nds

Up to

1.25

"1.

25"

- 2"

2" - 7

"7"

- 10"

Over

10"

32 m

m32

- 51 m

m51

- 178

mm

178 -

254 m

mOv

er 25

4 mm

1" 1.5"

2.5"

3.5"

4.5"

25 m

m38

mm

64 m

m89

mm

114

mm

8" 8" 12"

24"

32"

203

mm

203

mm

305

mm

610

mm

813

mm

.5"

.75"

1.25

"2.

5"3.

5"

13 m

m19

mm

32 m

m64

mm

89 m

m

.5"

.75"

1" 1.5"

2"

13 m

m19

mm

25 m

m38

mm

51 m

m

Pipe

Mar

ker L

ocat

ions

• B

efor

e an

d af

ter a

ny c

hang

e in

pip

e di

rect

ion.

If th

e pi

pe e

nds

at

equi

pmen

t or c

hang

es d

irect

ion

agai

n w

ithin

24

inch

es (6

1 cm

), th

e la

bel

in th

e sh

ort s

pace

may

be

omitt

ed.

• B

efor

e an

d af

ter a

ny w

all,

ceili

ng, o

r floo

r pen

etra

tion.

• N

o fa

rthe

r tha

n 40

feet

(12

m) a

part

on

exte

nded

runs

of p

ipe.

• A

t lea

st o

nce

in e

ach

room

or a

rea

thro

ugh

whi

ch th

e pi

pe p

asse

s.

Syst

em C

ompo

nent

Mar

kers

– T

wo-

Part

Lab

els

Am

mon

ia P

ipe

Mar

kers

– F

ive-

Part

Lab

els

1.

Com

pone

nt Id

entifi

er

Nam

e th

e co

mpo

nent

with

bla

ck

text

on

an o

rang

e ba

ckgr

ound

. Ab

brev

iatio

ns a

re a

ccep

tabl

e;

see

the

tabl

e of

Com

pone

nt

Abbr

evia

tions

. If a

dditi

onal

id

entif

ying

info

rmat

ion

is

need

ed, i

nclu

de it

her

e.

2.

Pres

sure

Lev

el•

For

con

tent

s at

70

psig

or l

ess,

sho

w

“LOW

” in

bla

ck o

n a

gree

n ba

nd•

For

con

tent

s ab

ove

70 p

sig,

sh

ow “

HIG

H”

in b

lack

on

a re

d ba

nd

Com

pone

nt M

arke

r Dim

ensi

ons

• A

t lea

st 3

.5 in

ches

hig

h•

Let

terin

g at

leas

t 2.5

inch

es h

igh

• M

arke

r len

gth

will

var

y to

allo

w

for t

he le

ngth

of t

he c

ompo

nent

na

me

• P

ress

ure

leve

l ban

d sh

ould

be

at

leas

t 1.5

inch

es w

ide

Com

pone

nt A

bbre

viat

ions

Com

pone

nt/E

quip

men

tAb

br.

Accu

mul

ator

(with

/with

out i

nt. c

oil)

ACC

Air C

oole

d Co

nden

ser

ACAi

r Han

dlin

g Uni

tAH

UAi

r Uni

tAU

Boos

ter C

ompr

esso

rBC

Cont

rolle

d Pr

essu

re R

ecei

ver

CPR

Evap

orat

ive C

onde

nser

ECHe

at Ex

chan

ger

HEX

High

Pre

ssur

e Rec

eive

rHP

RHi

gh S

tage

Com

pres

sor

HSC

High

Tem

pera

ture

Rec

ircul

ator

HTR

Inte

rcoo

ler (

with

/with

out i

nt. c

oil)

ICLiq

uid

Trans

fer U

nit

LTU

Low

Tem

pera

ture

Com

pres

sor

LTC

Low

Tem

pera

ture

Rec

ircul

ator

LTR

Low

Low

Tem

p Re

circu

lato

rLL

TROi

l Pot

OPOi

l Sep

arat

orOS

Pilo

t Rec

eive

rPR

Purg

er U

nit

PRG

Refri

gera

nt P

ump

RPRe

frige

rate

d M

ake-

Up A

ir Un

itRM

AURo

ofto

p Ai

r Uni

tRT

USu

rge D

rum

SDSw

ing C

ompr

esso

rSW

CTh

erm

osyp

hon R

ecei

ver

TSR

Wat

er C

oole

d Co

nden

ser

WC

IIAR

Sugg

este

d Pi

pe C

olor

Sch

eme

In a

dditi

on to

the

deta

iled

labe

ls, i

t may

be

help

ful

to in

clud

e a

colo

r cod

e fo

r re

frige

ratio

n sy

stem

pip

es.

Thes

e co

lors

may

be

appl

ied

as p

aint

ove

r the

leng

th o

f th

e pi

pe, o

r as

band

s of

co

lor a

pplie

d pe

riodi

cally

, as

suf

ficie

nt fo

r pip

e re

cogn

ition

. IIA

R Bu

lletin

N

o. 1

14 s

ugge

sts

the

colo

r sc

hem

e sh

own

at ri

ght.

11

22

45

3

L O W

H I G H

L O W

H I G H

L I Q

V A P

AMM

ONIA

PIP

E M

ARKI

NG G

UIDE

(bas

ed o

n IIA

R Bu

lletin

No.

114)

This

gui

de fo

llow

s In

tern

atio

nal I

nstit

ute

of A

mm

onia

Ref

riger

atio

n (II

AR) B

ulle

tin N

o. 1

14, a

s re

vised

in 2

014.

Fac

ilitie

s us

ing

an o

lder

ver

sion

of t

he s

tand

ard

may

co

ntin

ue to

do

so, a

s lo

ng a

s th

eir u

sage

is c

onsi

sten

t and

doc

umen

ted.

This

gui

de is

for g

ener

al in

form

atio

n pu

rpos

es o

nly.

It is

not

a s

ubst

itute

for r

evie

w o

f app

licab

le s

tand

ards

or r

egul

atio

ns. ©

2002

, 201

5 G

raph

ic P

rodu

cts,

Inc.

All

right

s re

serv

ed.

Colo

rPi

pe D

esig

natio

nOr

ange

High

Pre

ssur

e Liq

uid

Yello

wHi

gh P

ress

ure V

apor

Sky B

lue

Low

Pres

sure

, Hig

h Tem

pera

ture

Liqu

id/V

apor

Blue

Low

Pres

sure

, Low

Tem

pera

ture

Liqu

id/V

apor

Purp

leLo

w Pr

essu

re, V

ery L

ow Te

mpe

ratu

re Li

quid

/Vap

orGr

ayPr

essu

re R

elie

f Ven

t pip

ing

Gree

nNo

nvol

atile

, Non

-pre

ssur

ized

Proc

ess p

ipin

gTh

is, or

any o

ther

pipe

colo

ring s

chem

e, sh

ould

only

be us

ed in

conj

unct

ion w

ith a

clear

ly po

sted

lege

nd or

key d

escr

ibin

g the

colo

r sch

eme i

n pla

ce.

1.

Pipi

ng A

bbre

viat

ion

Iden

tifies

the

part

of t

he s

yste

m w

ith te

xt p

rinte

d in

bla

ck o

n an

ora

nge

back

grou

nd. A

bbre

viat

ions

are

reco

mm

ende

d; s

ee ta

ble

of P

ipin

g Ab

brev

iatio

ns. I

f add

ition

al id

entif

ying

info

rmat

ion

is n

eede

d, in

clud

e it

here

.

2.

Phys

ical

Sta

te

• F

or li

quid

am

mon

ia, s

how

“LIQ

” in

blac

k on

a ye

llow

ban

d •

For

vap

or, s

how

“VA

P” in

bla

ck o

n a

sky

blue

ban

d •

If b

oth

stat

es m

ay b

e pr

esen

t, bo

th e

lem

ents

may

app

ear

3.

Pipe

Con

tent

s Th

e wo

rd “A

MM

ONIA

” sho

uld

be p

rinte

d in

bla

ck o

n an

ora

nge

back

grou

nd.

4.

Pres

sure

Lev

el

• F

or c

onte

nts

at 7

0 ps

ig o

r les

s, s

how

“LO

W”

in b

lack

on

a

gree

n ba

nd

• F

or c

onte

nts

abov

e 70

psi

g, s

how

“HIG

H” in

bla

ck o

n a

red

band

5.

Flow

Dire

ctio

n Sh

ow th

e di

rect

ion

of fl

ow w

ith d

irect

iona

l arro

ws,

prin

ted

in b

lack

on

an

oran

ge b

ackg

roun

d. T

he a

rrow

s m

ay a

ppea

r at o

ne o

r bot

h en

ds o

f the

labe

l, an

d m

ay re

peat

aro

und

the

circ

umfe

renc

e of

the

pipe

if d

esire

d.


Labe

l plac

emen

t in re

lation

to

point

of no

rmal

appr

oach

...ad

jacen

t to c

hang

es in

di

recti

on

...ad

jace

nt to

all

valve

s & fl

ange

s

...bo

th si

des o

f floo

r/wa

ll pe

netra

tions

...ev

ery 2

0’ on

stra

ight r

uns

This

gui

de is

for g

ener

al in

form

atio

n on

ly. N

ot in

tend

ed to

be

used

in p

lace

of C

GA

C-9,

NFP

A 99

or A

NSI

/ASM

E st

anda

rds.

© 2

009,

201

4 G

raph

ic P

rodu

cts,

Inc.

All

Righ

ts R

eser

ved.

PIPE

MAR

KING

FOR

HEA

LTHC

ARE

FACI

LITI

ES (b

ased

on

NFPA

99

and

CGA

C-9)

NFP

A 99

& C

GA

C-9

Stan

dard

Col

or M

arki

ng o

f Com

pres

sed

Gas

Con

tain

ers,

Pip

elin

es &

Val

ves

for M

edic

al. U

se A

NSI

/ASM

E Pi

pe Id

entifi

catio

n

Plac

emen

t & O

rient

atio

n St

anda

rds.

MAT

ERIA

L PR

OPER

TYLE

TTER

COL

OR

ON F

IELD

COL

OREX

AMPL

E

Sing

le G

ases

Oxyg

en U

SP†

Whi

te o

n G

reen

OXYG

EN 5

0-55

PSI

Carb

on D

ioxi

de†

Whi

te o

n G

ray

CAR

BO

N D

IOXI

DE

Nitr

ous

Oxid

e†W

hite

on

Blu

eN

ITR

OU

S OX

IDE

Cycl

opro

pane

‡B

lack

on

Ora

nge

CYCL

OPR

OPA

NE

Hel

ium

USP

†W

hite

on

Bro

wn

HEL

IUM

50-

55 P

SI

Nitr

ogen

NF†

Whi

te o

n B

lack

NIT

RO

GEN

160

-200

PSI

Med

ical

Air

USP†

Bla

ck o

n Ye

llow

MED

ICAL

AIR

Inst

rum

ent A

ir†W

hite

on

Red

INST

RU

MEN

T AI

R

Was

te A

naes

thet

ic G

as D

ispo

sal (

WAG

D)†

Whi

te o

n Vi

olet

WAS

TE A

NAES

THET

IC

Labo

rato

ry A

ir†B

lack

on

Whi

te/Y

ello

w

Chec

kerb

oard

LAB

OR

ATO

RY

AIR

Labo

rato

ry V

acuu

m†

Bla

ck o

n W

hite

/Bla

ck

Chec

kerb

oard

2LA

BO

RAT

OR

Y VA

CUU

M

Med

ical

-Sur

gica

l Vac

uum

†B

lack

on

Whi

teM

EDIC

AL V

ACU

UM

Gas

Mix

ture

s of

Oxy

gen

USP

and

Nitr

ogen

NF

19.5

% to

23.

5% O

xyge

n‡B

lack

on

Yello

w20

% O

XYG

EN

80%

NIT

RO

GEN

All o

ther

Oxy

gen

Conc

entra

tes1‡

Bla

ck A

ND

Gre

en40

% O

XYG

EN

60%

NIT

RO

GEN

Oth

er G

as M

ixtu

res

Oxyg

en U

SP a

nd N

itrou

s Ox

ide

USP:

1‡

52.5

% O

xyge

n US

P, 4

7.5%

Nitr

ous

Oxid

e US

PB

lue

on G

reen

52.5

% O

XYG

EN

47.5

% N

ITR

OU

S OX

IDE

Oxyg

en U

SP a

nd C

arbo

n Di

oxid

e US

P: 1‡

≥ 93

% O

xyge

n US

P, re

mai

nder

Car

bon

Diox

ide

USP

Gra

y on

Gre

en93

% O

XYG

EN

7% C

ARB

ON

DIO

XID

E

Oxyg

en U

SP a

nd H

eliu

m U

SP: 1‡

≥ 20

% O

xyge

n US

P, re

mai

nder

Hel

ium

USP

Gre

en o

n B

row

n20

% O

XYG

EN

80%

HEL

IUM

1 Use

the

back

grou

nd c

olor

s of

the

Sing

le G

ases

. For

Oth

er G

as M

ixtu

re P

ipe

Labe

ls, u

se th

e m

ajor

gas

for l

abel

col

or a

nd u

se

the

min

or g

as c

olor

for t

ext c

olor

.2 U

se a

whi

te b

ox w

ith a

bla

ck o

utlin

e be

hind

the

text

. † C

ompl

ies

to N

FPA

99 c

olor

mar

king

sta

ndar

ds.

‡ Com

plie

s to

CG

A C-

9 co

lor m

arki

ng s

tand

ards

.

Pipe

s sha

ll be

pla

ced…

Mar

ker L

ocat

ion

Pipe

mar

kers

sha

ll be

pla

ced:

• t

o in

dica

te d

irect

ion

of fl

ow b

y la

belin

g w

ith a

rrow

s at

on

e or

bot

h en

ds o

f the

labe

l•

nea

r val

ves,

flan

ges

and

chan

ges

in p

ipe

dire

ctio

n•

to

be v

isib

le fr

om th

e po

int o

f nor

mal

app

roac

h •

bot

h si

des

of c

eilin

g, w

all,

part

ition

s or

floo

r pen

etra

tions

•

at l

east

onc

e in

or a

bove

eve

ry ro

om•

on

stra

ight

pip

e ru

ns, a

t int

erva

ls o

f not

mor

e th

an 2

0 ft

• a

t lea

st o

nce

in e

very

sto

ry h

eigh

t tra

vers

ed b

y ris

ers

Outs

ide

Pipe

Dia

met

er

Incl

udin

g Co

veri

ng

Min

imum

Le

ngth

of L

abel

Fi

eld

Colo

r

Min

imum

He

ight

of

Let

ters

.75"

- 1.

25"

1.5"

- 2"

2.5"

- 6"

8" -

10"

Over

10"

(19

- 32

mm

)(3

8 - 5

1 m

m)

(64

- 152

mm

)(2

03 -

254

mm

)(O

ver 2

54 m

m)

8" 8" 12"

24"

32"

(203

mm

)(2

03 m

m)

(305

mm

)(6

10 m

m)

(813

mm

)

.5"

.75"

1.25

"2.

5"3.

5"

(13

mm

)(1

9 m

m)

(32

mm

)(6

4 m

m)

(89

mm

)NO

TE: I

t is

reco

mm

ende

d th

at p

ipes

less

than

.75"

in d

iam

eter

, be

labe

led

with

a p

erm

anen

t tag

Pipe

Mar

ker S

ize

Char

t Le

tter &

labe

l dim

ensi

ons

in a

ccor

danc

e w

ith p

ipe

diam

eter


This

gui

de is

for g

ener

al in

form

atio

n pu

rpos

es o

nly.

It is

not

a s

ubst

itute

for r

evie

w o

f app

licab

le s

tand

ards

. © 2

009,

201

1 G

raph

ic P

rodu

cts,

Inc.

All

Righ

ts R

eser

ved.

Mar

king

of P

ipes

• p

ipes

with

mor

e th

an 2

00 m

m

oute

r dia

met

er, l

abel

mak

es u

p ab

out h

alf t

he c

ircum

fere

nce

of

the

pipe

•

pip

es w

ith 2

00 m

m o

uter

dia

met

er

or le

ss, l

abel

mak

es u

p th

e en

tire

circ

umfe

renc

e of

the

pipe

• l

abel

bun

dled

pip

es in

divi

dual

ly•

arro

ws

poin

ting

in d

irect

ion

of fl

ow•

pip

es w

ith fl

ow in

opp

osite

di

rect

ions

at d

iffer

ent t

imes

may

be

mar

ked

with

arro

ws

poin

ting

in

oppo

site

dire

ctio

ns•

add

ition

al te

xt to

sig

nify

un

ambi

guou

sly

the

cont

ent a

nd/o

r fu

nctio

n of

the

pipe

• c

olor

stri

pes

need

to b

e pe

rpen

dicu

lar t

o th

e ax

is o

f the

pi

pe

Addi

tiona

l Col

or (b

lue)

Mai

n Co

lor (

yello

w)

Stea

m (

silve

r)St

eam

for H

eatin

g Pu

rpos

esEx

haus

t Ste

amSu

pply

Ste

amFr

esh

Wat

er (

blue

)Sa

nita

ry F

resh

Wat

erPo

tabl

e W

ater

Dis

tilla

teG

as-Tu

rbin

e W

ash

Wat

erFe

ed W

ater

Cool

ing

Fres

h W

ater

Chill

ed W

ater

Cond

ensa

te

Non-

Flam

mab

le G

ases

(g

rey)

Oxyg

enIn

ert G

asN

itrog

enRe

frige

rant

Com

pres

sed

Air L

P (lo

w p

ress

ure)

Com

pres

sed

Air H

P (h

igh

pres

sure

)

Cont

rol A

ir/Re

gula

ting

Air

Brea

thin

g Ai

ra

Brea

thin

g G

asa

a This

mar

king

is u

sed

in s

ubm

arin

es fo

r dis

trib

utio

n

s

yste

ms

of b

reat

hing

air

from

cyl

inde

rs

Oils

oth

er th

an Fu

els

(ora

nge)

Used

Oil

(Not

Con

tam

inat

ed)

Ther

mal

Flu

idLu

bric

atio

n Oi

l for

Gas

Tur

bine

sH

ydra

ulic

Flu

idLu

bric

atio

n Oi

l for

Ste

am T

urbi

nes

Lubr

icat

ion

Oil f

or G

ears

Lubr

icat

ion

Oil f

or In

tern

al

Com

bust

ion

Engi

nes

Sea

Wat

er

(gre

en)

Dec

onta

min

atio

n W

ater

Sani

tary

Sea

Wat

erBa

llast

Wat

erCo

olin

g Se

a W

ater

For s

hips

mix

ed w

ith n

avig

atio

n (s

ea-ri

ver s

hips

) all

outs

ide

wat

ers

Flam

mab

le G

ases

(y

ello

w)

Hyd

roge

nAc

etyl

ene

Liqu

id G

as

Air i

n Ve

ntila

tion

Syst

ems

(whi

te)

Dis

char

ge A

irCo

ld M

echa

nica

l Sup

ply

Air

Nat

ural

Exh

aust

Atm

osph

eric

Air

Mec

hani

cal E

xhau

st A

irD

econ

tam

inat

ed S

uppl

y Ai

rM

echa

nica

l Rec

ircul

ated

Air

War

m M

echa

nica

l Sup

ply

Air

Smok

e Cl

eara

nce

Cond

ition

ed S

uppl

y Ai

rN

atur

al S

uppl

y Ai

r

Fire

Fig

htin

g/Fi

re P

rote

ctio

n (re

d)Fi

re-F

ight

ing

Wat

erFi

re-F

ight

ing

Gas

Sprin

kler

Wat

erSp

ray

Wat

erFi

re-F

ight

ing

Pow

der

Fire

-Fig

htin

g Fo

am

Fuel

(b

row

n)H

eavy

Fue

l (H

FO)

Avia

tion

Fuel

Biol

ogic

al F

uel

Gas

-Turb

ine

Fuel

Die

sel F

uel (

MD

O)

Air &

Sou

ndin

g Pi

pes

(mar

oon)

Was

te M

edia

Fres

h W

ater

Fuel

Sea

Wat

erN

on-F

lam

mab

le G

ases

Oil o

ther

than

fuel

sSt

eam

Fire

Fig

htin

gAc

ids,

Alk

alis

Vent

ilatio

n Sy

stem

Flam

mab

le G

ases

Was

te M

edia

(b

lack

)Bl

ack

Wat

erW

aste

Oil/

Used

Oil

Bilg

e W

ater

Exha

ust

Gre

y W

ater

Sew

age,

con

tam

inat

ed

Mai

n Co

lors

: for

gro

up o

f sim

ilar s

ubst

ance

•

app

lied

as a

n ad

hesi

ve ta

pe o

r sig

n•

pai

nted

on

to th

e pi

pelin

e in

tran

sver

se

strip

es•

pai

nted

on

the

pipe

line

on th

e to

tal l

engt

h•

wid

th is

wid

er th

an th

e ad

ditio

nal c

olor

m

arki

ng

Addi

tiona

l Col

ors:

for s

peci

fic s

ubst

ance

• s

houl

d be

sur

roun

ded

by th

e m

ain

colo

r•

wid

th n

eeds

to b

e le

ss th

an th

e m

ain

colo

r mar

king

wid

thAd

ditio

nal c

olor

mar

king

s m

ay b

e ad

ded

adja

cent

to a

mai

n co

lor m

arki

ng o

n a

pipe

, whe

n ne

cess

ary,

to d

istin

guis

h be

twee

n pi

pes

mar

ked

with

the

sam

e m

ain

colo

r lis

ted,

but

car

ryin

g di

ffere

nt ty

pes

of m

ediu

m.

Exam

ple:

a p

ipe

carr

ying

dies

el fu

el o

il an

d a

pipe

car

ryin

g he

avy

fuel

oil.

MAR

INE

PIPE

MAR

KING

GUI

DE (b

ased

on

ISO

1472

6:2O

O8)

Iden

tifica

tion

of C

olor

s fo

r the

Con

tent

of t

he P

ipin

g Sy

stem

s ac

cord

ing

to IS

O 14

726:

2008

.

Acid

s, Al

kalis

(v

iole

t)

Mar

ker L

ocat

ion

Pipe

mar

kers

sha

ll be

pla

ced:

• a

t eac

h pe

netra

tion

poin

t in

bulk

head

s, w

alls

& d

ecks

• e

very

3-5

met

ers

of p

ipe

leng

th

unle

ss m

ore

frequ

ent m

arki

ng

is n

eede

d du

e to

pip

e be

nds

or

prox

imity

to o

ther

pip

e so

urce

s•

aro

und

the

entir

e ci

rcum

fere

nce

of th

e pi

pe fo

r 200

mm

dia

met

er

pipe

s (a

dher

ed a

t the

ir en

ds b

y ov

erta

ping

)•

onc

e in

eac

h ro

om•

clo

se to

eac

h va

lve


WAT

ER T

REAT

MEN

T PI

PE M

ARKI

NG G

UIDE

(bas

ed o

n th

e Te

n St

ates

Sta

ndar

ds)

This

col

or c

ode

sum

mar

izes

the

Ten

Stat

es S

tand

ards

(10s

tate

ssta

ndar

ds.c

om),

whi

ch h

ave

been

ado

pted

in s

ever

al a

reas

.

*Pip

e M

arke

r loc

atio

n an

d si

ze c

hart

are

bas

ed o

n AN

SI/A

SME

stan

dard

s. T

his

guid

e is

for g

ener

al in

form

atio

n pu

rpos

es o

nly.

It is

not

a s

ubst

itute

for r

evie

w o

f app

licab

le s

tand

ards

.©

201

2, 2

014

Gra

phic

Pro

duct

s, In

c. A

ll Ri

ghts

Res

erve

d.

Type

/Use

of P

ipe

Colo

r of P

ipe

Wat

er L

ines

Raw

Wat

erOl

ive

Gre

enSe

ttled

or c

larifi

ed

wat

erAq

ua

Fini

shed

or p

otab

le

wat

erD

ark

Blue

Chem

ical

Lin

es

Alum

or p

rimar

y co

agul

ant

Oran

ge

Amm

onia

Whi

teCa

rbon

Slu

rry

Blac

kCa

ustic

Yello

w w

/ gr

een

band

Chlo

rine

gas

or

solu

tion

Yello

w

Fluo

ride

Ligh

t Blu

e w

/ re

d ba

ndLi

me

Slur

ryLi

ght G

reen

Ozon

eYe

llow

w/

oran

ge b

and

Phos

phat

e

com

poun

dsLi

ght G

reen

w/

red

Poly

mer

s or

co

agul

ant a

ids

Oran

ge w

/ gr

een

band

Pota

ssiu

m

Perm

anga

nate

Viol

et

Soda

Ash

Ligh

t Gre

en w

/ or

ange

ban

dSu

lfuric

Aci

dYe

llow

w/

red

band

Sulfu

r Dio

xide

Ligh

t Gre

en w

/ ye

llow

ban

d

Was

te L

ines

Back

was

h W

aste

Ligh

t Bro

wn

Slud

geD

ark

Brow

nSe

wer

(san

itary

or

othe

r) D

ark

Gra

y

Othe

r Lin

es

Com

pres

sed

Air

Dar

k G

reen

Gas

Red

Othe

r Pip

esLi

ght G

ray

Type

/Use

of P

ipe

Colo

r of P

ipe

Slud

ge L

ines

Raw

Slu

dge

Brow

n w

/ bl

ack

band

Slud

ge re

circ

ulat

ion

or s

uctio

nBr

own

w/

yello

w b

and

Slud

ge d

raw

off

Brow

n w

/ or

ange

ban

dSl

udge

reci

rcul

atio

n di

scha

rge

Brow

n

Gas

Line

s

Slud

ge G

asOr

ange

(or r

ed)

Nat

ural

Gas

Oran

ge (o

r red

) w/

blac

k ba

nd

Wat

er L

ines

Non

pota

ble

Wat

erBl

ue w

/ bl

ack

band

Pota

ble

Wat

erBl

ue

Wat

er fo

r hea

ting

dige

stor

s

Blue

w/

6" re

d ba

nd (1

50 m

m)

or b

uild

ings

spa

ce 3

0" a

part

(7

60 m

m)

Othe

r Lin

es

Chlo

rine

Yello

wSu

lfur D

ioxi

deYe

llow

w/

red

band

Sew

age

(w

aste

wat

er)

Gra

y

Com

pres

sed

Air

Gre

en

Was

tew

ater

Tre

atm

ent P

lant

Col

or C

odin

gW

ater

Tre

atm

ent P

lant

Col

or C

odin

gM

arke

r Loc

atio

n Pi

pe m

arke

rs s

hall

be p

lace

d:

• t

o in

dica

te d

irect

ion

of fl

ow b

y la

belin

g w

ith a

rrow

s at

on

e or

bot

h en

ds o

f the

labe

l•

to

be v

isib

le fr

om th

e po

int o

f nor

mal

app

roac

h •

nea

r val

ves,

flan

ges

& c

hang

es in

pip

e di

rect

ion

• b

oth

side

s of

cei

ling,

wal

l or fl

oor p

enet

ratio

ns

• a

t any

line

ent

ry o

r re-

entr

y po

int

• o

n st

raig

ht p

ipe

runs

in in

terv

als

suffi

cien

t for

id

entifi

catio

n ev

ery

25 ft

to 5

0 ft

is ty

pica

l

Outs

ide

Pipe

Dia

met

er

Incl

udin

g Co

veri

ng

Min

imum

Le

ngth

of L

abel

Fi

eld

Colo

r

Min

imum

He

ight

of

Let

ters

.75"

- 1.

25"

1.5"

- 2"

2.5"

- 6"

8" -

10"

Over

10"

(19

- 32

mm

)(3

8 - 5

1 m

m)

(64

- 152

mm

)(2

03 -

254

mm

)(O

ver 2

54 m

m)

8" 8" 12"

24"

32"

(203

mm

)(2

03 m

m)

(305

mm

)(6

10 m

m)

(813

mm

)

.5"

.75"

1.25

"2.

5"3.

5"

(13

mm

)(1

9 m

m)

(32

mm

)(6

4 m

m)

(89

mm

)NO

TE: I

t is

reco

mm

ende

d th

at p

ipes

less

than

.75"

in d

iam

eter

, be

labe

led

with

a p

erm

anen

t tag

Pipe

Mar

ker S

ize

Char

t Le

tter &

labe

l dim

ensi

ons

in a

ccor

danc

e w

ith p

ipe

diam

eter

Pipe

s sha

ll be

pla

ced…

Labe

l plac

emen

t in re

lation

to po

int of

norm

al ap

proa

ch

...ad

jacen

t to c

hang

es

in di

recti

on...

adja

cent

to al

l va

lves &

flan

ges

...bo

th si

des o

f floo

r/wa

ll pen

etra

tions

...ev

ery 2

5' -

50' o

n stra

ight

runs

is ty

pical


Pipe

s sha

ll be

pla

ced…

...ad

jacen

t to

chan

ges i

n dire

ction

...ad

jace

nt to

all

valve

s & fl

ange

s...

both

side

s of fl

oor/

wall

pene

tratio

ns...

ever

y 25'

- 50

' on s

traigh

t ru

ns is

typic

alLa

bel p

lacem

ent in

relat

ion to

po

int of

norm

al ap

proa

ch

COM

MER

CIAL

BUI

LDIN

G PI

PE M

ARKI

NG (s

ugge

sted

syst

em b

ased

on

ANSI

/ASM

E A1

3.1)

This

pip

e m

arki

ng g

uide

add

s co

lor b

and

reco

mm

enda

tions

to th

e po

pula

r AN

SI/A

SME

A13.

1 st

anda

rd to

pro

vide

add

ition

al d

etai

l for

com

mon

pip

ing

serv

ice

type

s fo

und

in m

any

com

mer

cial

faci

litie

s. U

sing

the

colo

r ban

ds to

geth

er w

ith th

e AN

SI/A

SME

stan

dard

, use

rs w

ill b

e ab

le to

eas

ily id

entif

y pi

ping

sys

tem

s,

espe

cial

ly th

ose

with

var

ying

kin

ds o

f wat

er s

ervi

ce.

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The

Com

mer

cial

Bui

ldin

g Pi

pe M

arki

ng G

uide

pro

vide

s a

sugg

este

d st

anda

rd u

sed

to la

bel p

ipes

with

add

ition

al in

form

atio

n. T

his

guid

e is

for g

ener

al in

form

atio

n pu

rpos

es o

nly.

It is

not

a s

ubst

itute

for r

evie

w o

f app

licab

le s

tand

ards

. ©

201

1, 2

014

Gra

phic

Pro

duct

s, In

c. A

ll Ri

ghts

Res

erve

d.

Mar

ker L

ocat

ion

Pipe

mar

kers

sha

ll be

pla

ced:

• t

o in

dica

te d

irect

ion

of fl

ow b

y la

belin

g w

ith a

rrow

s at

on

e or

bot

h en

ds o

f the

labe

l•

to

be v

isib

le fr

om th

e po

int o

f nor

mal

app

roac

h •

nea

r val

ves,

flan

ges

& c

hang

es in

pip

e di

rect

ion

• b

oth

side

s of

cei

ling,

wal

l or fl

oor p

enet

ratio

ns

• a

t any

line

ent

ry o

r re-

entr

y po

int

• o

n st

raig

ht p

ipe

runs

in in

terv

als

suffi

cien

t for

id

entifi

catio

n ev

ery

25 ft

to 5

0 ft

is ty

pica

l*

• A

mm

onia

Onl

y: m

inim

um o

f 1 p

er a

rea

thro

ugh

whi

ch

the

refri

gera

tion

pipi

ng p

asse

s *Ev

ery

40 fe

et fo

r Am

mon

ia p

ipe

mar

king

Outs

ide

Pipe

Dia

met

er

Incl

udin

g Co

veri

ng

Min

imum

Le

ngth

of L

abel

Fi

eld

Colo

r

Min

imum

He

ight

of

Let

ters

.75"

- 1.

25"

1.5"

- 2"

2.5"

- 6"

8" -

10"

Over

10"

(19

- 32

mm

)(3

8 - 5

1 m

m)

(64

- 152

mm

)(2

03 -

254

mm

)(O

ver 2

54 m

m)

8" 8" 12"

24"

32"

(203

mm

)(2

03 m

m)

(305

mm

)(6

10 m

m)

(813

mm

)

.5"

.75"

1.25

"2.

5"3.

5"

(13

mm

)(1

9 m

m)

(32

mm

)(6

4 m

m)

(89

mm

)NO

TE: I

t is

reco

mm

ende

d th

at p

ipes

less

than

.75"

in d

iam

eter

, be

labe

led

with

a p

erm

anen

t tag

Pipe

Mar

ker S

ize

Char

t Le

tter &

labe

l dim

ensi

ons

in a

ccor

danc

e w

ith p

ipe

diam

eter

NOTE

: Val

ve ta

gs n

eed

to c

ompl

y w

ith A

NSI

sta

ndar

ds. P

ipe

labe

ls s

houl

d be

nea

r val

ve to

iden

tify

pipe

con

tent

.* T

here

are

no

stan

dard

s fo

r dra

ins.

Fol

low

AN

SI s

tand

ards

for b

ackg

roun

d an

d le

tter c

olor

s; a

bbre

viat

ions

may

var

y by

faci

lity.


Outside Pipe

Diameter

Flammable/Oxid

izing

Directio

n of Flow (L

/R)

Combustible

Other Water

Compressed Air

Fire Quench

ing

Toxic/C

orrosiv

e

Label C

olorLa

bel Width

Number of

Labels

EVAL

UATI

ON C

HECK

LIST

Use

this

che

cklis

t to

keep

trac

k of

the

num

ber a

nd

type

of l

abel

s ne

eded

dur

ing

the

eval

uatio

n.

NOTE

S:

• S

ee C

olor

Cod

ing

unde

r sec

tion

“Gen

eral

Pip

e M

arki

ng: A

NSI

/ASM

E A1

3.1”

to d

eter

min

e th

e la

bel c

olor

by

the

pipe

con

tent

s.•

See

Lab

el S

izes

und

er s

ectio

n “G

ener

al P

ipe

Mar

king

: AN

SI/A

SME

A13.

1” to

det

erm

ine

the

labe

l siz

e by

the

pipe

dia

met

er.

• T

he d

irect

ion

of th

e flo

w is

eith

er le

ft or

righ

t rel

ativ

e to

whe

re th

e la

bel w

ill b

e ap

plie

d.

• T

o es

timat

e th

e nu

mbe

r of l

abel

s, d

ivid

e th

e to

tal p

ipe

leng

th b

y 50

then

incr

ease

the

num

ber f

or v

alve

s, p

enet

ratio

ns, c

hang

es in

dire

ctio

n, e

tc.

Nam

e of

pip

e co

nten

tLo

catio

n


NOTE

S:

• S

ee C

olor

Cod

ing

unde

r sec

tion

“Gen

eral

Pip

e M

arki

ng: A

NSI

/ASM

E A1

3.1”

to d

eter

min

e th

e la

bel c

olor

by

the

pipe

con

tent

s.•

See

Lab

el S

izes

und

er s

ectio

n “G

ener

al P

ipe

Mar

king

: AN

SI/A

SME

A13.

1” to

det

erm

ine

the

labe

l siz

e by

the

pipe

dia

met

er.

• T

he d

irect

ion

of th

e flo

w is

eith

er le

ft or

righ

t rel

ativ

e to

whe

re th

e la

bel w

ill b

e ap

plie

d.

• T

o es

timat

e th

e nu

mbe

r of l

abel

s, d

ivid

e th

e to

tal p

ipe

leng

th b

y 50

then

incr

ease

the

num

ber f

or v

alve

s, p

enet

ratio

ns, c

hang

es in

dire

ctio

n, e

tc.

ABED

Aux.

Bui

ldin

g Eq

uipm

ent D

rain

sAB

EDT

Aux.

Bui

ldin

g Eq

uipm

ent D

rain

Tan

kAB

FDAu

x. B

uild

ing

Floo

r Dra

inAB

FDT

Aux.

Bui

ldin

g Fl

oor D

rain

Tra

inAC

BAi

r Circ

uit B

reak

erAC

KAc

know

ledg

eAC

TAc

tuat

eAD

JAd

just

AFW

Auxi

liary

Fee

dwat

erAL

MAl

arm

AMB

Ambi

ent

ANAL

Anal

yzer

AO(V

)Ai

r Ope

rate

d (V

alve

)AV

GAv

erag

eBA

Boric

Aci

dBA

RBa

r Gra

phBA

TBo

ric A

cid

Tank

/ B

atte

ryBD

Blow

Dow

nBI

STBi

stab

leBI

TBo

ron

Inje

ctio

n Ta

nkBK

RBr

eake

rBL

Blac

k Li

quid

BOP

Bala

nce

of P

lant

BTM

Botto

mBT

UBr

itish

The

rmal

Uni

tBU

PBa

ckup

CCe

ntig

rade

(aka

. Cel

sius

)C/

CBCo

nden

sate

/Con

d. B

oost

erC1

MCu

mul

ativ

e On

e M

inut

eCA

BCa

bine

t

STAN

DARD

ABB

REVI

ATIO

NSTh

e fo

llow

ing

tabl

e pr

ovid

es a

list

of s

tand

ard

abbr

evia

tions

that

may

be

used

on

pipe

mar

kers

. Abb

revi

atio

ns s

houl

d on

ly b

e us

ed to

mak

e th

e m

essa

ge e

asie

r to

read

and

whe

n it

is im

prac

tical

to w

rite

out t

he e

ntire

wor

d or

phr

ase.

CAL

Calib

ratio

n/Ca

lorie

CAUS

Caus

e

CCW

Com

pone

nt C

oolin

g W

ater

/ Cl

osed

Coo

ling

Wat

er

CDCo

nden

sate

CDB

Cond

ensa

te B

oost

erCD

TCh

emic

al D

rain

Tan

kCH

AMCh

ambe

rCH

ANCh

anne

lCH

NG

Chan

geCH

RGCh

argi

ngCJ

BCo

ld Ju

nctio

n Bo

xCK

TCi

rcui

tCL

Cold

Leg

CLN

GCo

olin

gCM

PTCo

mpu

ted

CNM

TCo

ntai

nmen

tCO

MCo

mm

onCO

MP

Com

pone

ntCO

NC

Conc

entra

tion

CON

DCo

nden

ser/

Cond

ensa

teCO

NDT

YCo

nduc

tivity

CON

TCo

ntro

ller

CON

T RO

DCo

ntro

l Rod

CON

TRCo

ntro

lCO

RCo

rrec

tion

CORR

Corr

elat

ion

COUN

TCo

unt

CPM

Coun

ts P

er M

inut

eCP

UCe

ntra

l Pro

cess

ing

Unit

CPUS

Cent

ral P

roce

ssin

g Un

itsCR

Cont

rol R

oom

CRB

Chem

ical

Rec

over

y Bo

iler

CRD

MCo

ntro

l Rod

Driv

e M

echa

nism

CSCo

ntai

nmen

t Spr

ayCS

RCa

ble

Spre

adin

g Ro

omCS

TCo

nden

sate

Sto

rage

Tan

kCW

Circ

ulat

ing

Wat

erCW

PCi

rcul

atin

g W

ater

Pum

pCY

LCy

linde

rD

/GD

iese

l Gen

erat

orD

EGD

egre

esD

EMIN

Dem

iner

aliz

erD

ETD

etec

tor

DEV

Dev

iatio

nD

IVD

ivis

ion

DO

Die

sel F

uel O

ilD

OTD

irty

Oil T

ank

DSC

HD

isch

arge

DTD

elta

Tem

pera

ture

ECCS

Emer

genc

y Co

re C

oolin

g Sy

stem

EDT

Equi

pmen

t Dra

in T

ank

EFCT

Effe

ctEF

LNT

Efflu

ent

EHC

Elec

tro H

ydra

ulic

Con

trol

ELEC

Elec

trica

lEQ

Equi

pmen

t

EQUI

PEq

uipm

ent

ESEx

tract

ion

Stea

mES

SEs

sent

ial S

ervi

ce


ESF

Engi

neer

ed S

afet

y Fe

atur

eEX

H

Exha

ust/

Exha

uste

rEX

PAN

SEx

pans

ion

EXTR

Ex

tract

ed E

xtra

ctor

/Ext

ract

ion

FFa

hren

heit

FCV

Flow

Con

trol V

alve

FDFo

rced

Dra

ftFH

Fuel

Han

dlin

gFL

WFl

owFO

Fuel

Oil

FREQ

Freq

uenc

yFR

NT

Fron

tFW

Feed

Wat

erG

OVG

over

nor

GPM

Gal

lons

Per

Min

ute

GRP

Gro

upG

SCG

land

Ste

am C

onde

nser

GVG

over

nor V

alve

HG

(A)

Mer

cury

(abs

olut

e)H

GH

TH

eigh

tH

IDP

Hig

h D

iffer

entia

l Pre

ssur

eH

LH

ot L

egH

OVH

ydra

ulic

Ope

rate

d Va

lve

HP

Hig

h Pr

essu

reH

R(S)

Hou

rH

RSG

Hea

t Rec

over

y St

eam

Gen

erat

orH

T RT

Hea

t Rat

eH

TNG

Hea

ting

HU/

CDH

eatu

p/Co

oldo

wn

HUT

Hol

d up

Tan

kH

YDH

ydra

ulic

I/P

Curr

ent t

o Pr

essu

reI/

VCu

rren

t to

Volta

geIA

Inst

rum

ent A

ir

IDId

entifi

catio

n/In

side

Dia

met

erIN

BOIn

boar

dIN

CIn

crea

seIN

FIn

fluen

tIN

ITIn

itial

INL

Inle

tIN

SERT

INIn

sert

ion

INST

Inst

rum

ent/

Inst

anta

neou

sIN

TIn

tern

alIN

TERM

In

term

edia

teIO

DIo

dine

ISOL

Isol

atio

nJU

NCT

Junc

tion

KKi

loLN

GLo

ng/L

iqui

fied

Nat

ural

Gas

LO F

LWLo

w F

low

M/G

Mot

or G

ener

ator

Set

sM

AIN

TM

aint

enan

ceM

AXM

axim

umM

CRM

ain

Cont

rol R

oom

MFP

Mai

n Fe

ed P

ump

MIN

Min

utes

/Min

imum

MOI

STM

oist

ure

MPH

Mile

s Pe

r Hou

rM

PSM

iles

Per S

econ

dM

SM

ain

Stea

m/M

oist

ure

Sepa

rato

rM

SIV

Mai

n St

eam

Isol

atio

n Va

lve

MSR

Moi

stur

e Se

para

tor R

ehea

ter

MTR

Mot

orM

UM

akeu

pM

VBL

Mov

eabl

eN

AOH

Sodi

um H

ydro

xide

NAR

Nar

row

NAR

RN

G

Nar

row

Ran

ge

NBL

Nob

leN

EGN

egat

ive

NEU

TN

eutro

nN

ISN

ucle

ar In

stru

men

tatio

n Sy

stem

NR

Nar

row

Ran

geN

UCN

ucle

arOG

Off-G

asOO

SOu

t of S

ervi

ceOP

Over

Pre

ssur

eOP

EROp

erat

or/O

pera

ting

OTOv

er T

empe

ratu

reOT

-OP

Over

Tem

p-Ov

er P

ress

ure

OUT

Outp

utOU

TBD

Outb

oard

OUTL

T Ou

tlet

OVER

LDOv

erlo

adOV

ERTE

MP

Over

Tem

pera

ture

OVRP

WR

Over

pow

erPA

RTPa

rtia

lPA

RTIC

Part

icul

ate

PCT

Perc

ent

PCV

Pres

sure

Con

trol V

alve

PEN

ETPe

netra

tion

PMG

Perm

anen

t Mag

net G

ener

ator

PNEU

Pneu

mat

icPO

RV

Pow

er O

pera

ted

Relie

f Val

vePO

S Po

sitiv

ePO

TPo

tent

iom

eter

PPB

Part

s pe

r Bill

ion

PPM

Part

s pe

r Mill

ion

PR58

Proc

ess

Radi

atio

n M

onito

r 58

PREA

MP

Prea

mpl

ifier

sPR

GPu

rge

PRI

Prim

ary

Stan

dard

Abb

revi

atio

ns (c

ontin

ued )


PROC

Pr

oces

sPR

TPr

essu

rizer

Rel

ief T

ank

PSPo

wer

Sup

ply

PSI

Lbs

Per S

quar

e In

chPS

IA

Lbs

Per S

quar

e In

ch A

bsol

ute

PSIG

Lb

s Pe

r Squ

are

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Gau

gePS

IDLb

s Pe

r Squ

are

Inch

Diff

eren

tial

PTPo

int

PTL

Pull-

To-L

ock

PUL

Pulv

eriz

erPW

Prim

ary

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wer

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gePR

VPr

essu

re R

elie

f Val

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rizer

Rel

ief T

ank

RCRe

acto

r Coo

lant

RCDT

Reac

tor C

oola

nt D

rain

Tan

kRC

FC

Reac

tor C

onta

inm

ent F

an C

oole

rRC

LRe

acto

r Coo

lant

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pRC

SRe

acto

r Coo

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tem

RDT

Rehe

ater

Dra

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ank

RECO

MB

Reco

mbi

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REG

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gene

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LRe

lativ

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SID

Resi

dual

RHRe

sidu

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eat

RHR

Resi

dual

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oval

RHT

Rehe

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lay

RNG

Rang

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CRa

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stan

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emp.

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fuel

ing

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er S

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Stea

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cond

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para

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Serv

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Serv

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erat

or T

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andb

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ater

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SWST

Seco

ndar

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ater

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kT/

CTh

erm

ocou

ples

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Ambi

ent T

empe

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e Te

mpe

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rbin

e Bu

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ox/B

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eg T

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mpe

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l Val

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Turb

ine

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inTG

Turb

ine

Gen

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erm

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rottl

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STTh

rust

TREP

Refe

renc

e Te

mpe

ratu

reTR

NA

Trai

n A

(B, C

, etc

.)TR

NSN

T Tr

ansi

ent

TRP

Trip

TTD

Term

inal

Tem

p. D

iffer

ence

TURB

STu

rbin

esUN

CON

T Un

cont

rolle

dVA

CVa

cuum

VALS

Valu

esVA

PVa

por

VAR

Varia

nce

VCT

Volu

me

Cont

rol T

ank

VIB

Vibr

atio

nVN

TVe

ntVO

LVo

lum

eW

RW

ide

Rang

eXF

RTr

ansf

erXM

TRTr

ansm

itter

Stan

dard

Abb

revi

atio

ns (c

ontin

ued )

Gra

phic

Pro

duct

s®, D

uraL

abel

®, P

athF

inde

r®, T

oro®

, Bro

nco®

and

Lob

o® a

re R

egis

tere

d Tr

adem

arks

of G

raph

ic P

rodu

cts,

Inc.

©20

08, 2

017.

Gra

phic

Pro

duct

s, In

c. g

rant

s a

limite

d re

voca

ble

right

to re

use

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