best practice of waste management- surat
TRANSCRIPT
SURATMUNICIPAL
CORPORATION
19th Feb, 2016
Best Practice of Waste Management- Surat
Mr. E. H. Pathan
Executive Engineer – Drainage Department
Surat Municipal Corporation
Location of Surat
Surat
Surat dates back to 300 BC
Municipality Established in 1852
Municipal Corporation Formed in 1966
About Surat City
8th Largest in India as per population
4th fastest growing city
globally
Termed as
Economic Capital of
Gujarat
9/10 Diamonds in the world are cut and polished here
40% of nations total man-made fabric & 28% of nation’s total man-made fiberproduction
Growth of City
Year Area in Sq. Km
Population
1951 8.18 2,23,182
1961 8.18 2,88,026
1971 33.85 4,71,656
1981 55.56 7,76,583
1991 111.16 14,98,817
2001 112.27 24,33,785
2001* 326.51 28,77,241
2011 326.51 44,61,026
• Unprecedented growth in
last four decades
• Decadal Growth ~ 60-80%
• 10-fold population rise
• 10-fold area rise
• City area expanded from
33.85 sqkm in 1971 to
326 sqkm in 2006
Solid Waste Management System
Collection
Transportation
Treatment/
Process
Disposal
Primary Collection System (Door to Door & Container lifting)
Container Lifting System
Quantity of MSW lifted through container : 450 MT/Day
By SMC By AgencyNo. of trips 435 155No. of dumper 52 18% of Waste collected 75 % 25%
Average waste collection through container is 40% of total collection.
Door to Door Garbage Collection System
It was introduced in the year 2004
Closed body vehicles equipped with VTS procured by operator.
Payment is made on per M.T. base of MSW brought to Transfer
Station with provision of 5% escalation every year.
Average daily D to D collection is around 55% of total collection.
Primary Collection System(Night Brushing - Scraping & Hotel Waste Management)
Night Scraping - Brushing
Introduced in 1996 and carried out under departmental supervision.
Major routes > 200
Area Covered: 5,00,000 Sq.mt.
Manpower engaged: around 2000 (on daily wages)
Hotel Kitchen Waste Introduced in 2000 Hotel kitchen waste is collected and transported by the
hotel association Total no. of hotels & restaurants- 300 Vehicles deployed by the hotel association- 25
“Anudan Scheme” For Urban Dweller Units
Minimum Rs. 1500/- per society, for Domestic 60 paisa per sq.mt and for Industrial 65 paisa per sq. mt. paid by SMC
Total activity organized by president of housing colonies
Area considered for grant in aid : 25% of lay out area.
More than 600 societies
Morden Concept of Secondary Transportation:Refuse Transfer Station- 8 Nos.
(Katargam, Varachcha, Pal, Anjana, Bhatar, Bhestan, Dindoli, Kosad)
Facility at Transfer Station
All the primary collecting vehicles from Door to DoorGarbage collection and sweeping activity reaches totransfer station from where secondary transportationvehicles are loaded for the purpose of transferring it todisposal site.
Concept ofModerntransferstation
Primary collecting vehicles sent to the ElevatedPlatform through Ramp.
Chutes are provided at Elevated Platform to receivethe MSW from where it is unloaded by primarycollection vehicles.
Secondary transport vehicle is kept underneath thechutes.
MSW unloaded from primary collection vehicles istransferred into the closed container provided withcompactor system.
The chute portion of transfer station is covered onthe top with FRP sheet and whole structure is keptclosed with concrete louvered blocks.
Transportation of container is carried out on Hooklifting vehicles.
Containers are fully closed with leak proof dooropening system
Results Achieved MSW received through closed vehicles are dropped to closed
containers without secondary handling. Covered leak proof container prevents spillage of garbage on the
road. No foul Smell, as transfer station is semi-closed and transport
containers are fully closed. No MSW storage, permanently or temporary, at transfer station as it
is directly transferred to containers without secondary handling. Prevention of Animal entry, flies nuisance Creates hygienic conditions in surrounding area
Operational Methodology
Civil work of transfer station facilitated by municipal corporation
Investment for machineries, equipments and vehicles to be born by operator
Two separate agency have been entrusted work each for 3 transfer station
Concession period for BOO contract is 10 year
Provision for price escalation @ 5%
To safeguard interest of operator clause of min guaranteed quantity.
Morden Concept of Secondary Transportation:Refuse Transfer Station
Treatment of MSW- Option available
MSW Waste Collection
Traditional treatment
Composting
RDF
Bio methanation
Advance Thermal Destruction
Pyrolysis
Plasma Gasification
Incineration
Plastic to fuel
Physical Separation
Metal Recovery
E waste management
Glass recovery
Paper recycling
Landfill site
Overview of MSW Treatment, SMC
Input Outputs from Processing
Moisture(evaporate)
Useful Products
Rejects
Compost Biomethanation
3-4 4-5
Recyclables
10 15 10100
MSWDumpSite
Bio GasRejects are essentially soil and silt
Processing can reduce waste to landfill by 90% reducing pressure on scarce land
Waste Processing technology adopted- SMC
(Unit)
bio-degradable waste
Source: Internal Estimates
By Compost plant
Waste to EnergyControlled Combustion plant, 13.5 MW
56
MSW Treatment
Compost and Bio gas plant (Operational)-PPP
Surat has opted for multiple waste processing technology for treatment of MSW.
Segregation of incoming heterogeneous waste.
After shutting down operation in year 2012, re instating plant with 200 TPD in phase
manner with advance technology for Converting waste in to compost & Bio gas.
Opted for BOOT base with concession period of 30 yrs.
Return to SMC in form of lease rent.
All the permissions, NOC, Consent to follow up the prevailing Rules and
regulations is with the agency.
Waste to Energy: 1000 TPD (Proposed-PPP)
Salient Features:Total Waste to be treated per day :1000 TPDTotal Concession Period : 25 yearsNet Electric Power generation(Mwe) :13 Royalty to be paid to SMC :Rs. 30/Tonne (for first year)
(with 5.24 % increment every year)Power Tariff Finalized by GERC : Rs. 7.74 per unit
Advantage: Completely sealed storage unit No smell Complete leachate control by RO system Least amount of space required for system Minimal rejects to landfill-Increases its life.
Final Disposal of MSW
Presently, Municipal solid waste (MSW) collected from various transfer stations is
disposed to Final disposal site located at Khajod.
Before MSW-2000 rules; MSW were dumped to open space in Bhatar.
After MSW -2000 rules , Surat Municipal corporation has developed Sanitary
Landfill site in the area about 200 hectors
Sanitary landfill site of 1.25 lac cmt and 6.25 lac cmt capacity is under utilization
Review of Khajod site:
Location Dist. (Km)
Surat Airport 11
Udhna Railway Station 16
Udhna Bus Stand 13
Surat City 12
Surface water body 0.7
Nearest Khajod village 1
Habitation in the predominant wind-
• S-W wind direction sea approach• N-E wind direction-Sachin industrial area
No habitation is affected.
Distance to critical amenities-
Existing Khajod Disposal Site
• Office and parking space
• Plastic waste treatment plant
(Proposed)
• Organic and C&D waste treatment
plant (Proposed)
• Waste to energy plant (Proposed)
• SLF cell-1
• SLF Cell-1 extension
• Waste to compost treatment plant
(400 TPD) (Existing)
• SLF cell-2 (Existing)
• Open dumping
Existing Waste Dumping at Khajod Site
Khajod Landfill Site
Open Dump Waste Volume
Sr No. Volume (CuM)
1 2,97,211
2 5,81,584
3 4,23,560
4 7,42,285
5 7,88,724
6 2,11,777
7 86,788
8 4,09,967
9 1,11,900
10 65,060
Total 37,18,856 Cum
• Khajod landfill site is receiving waste since 2002
• Over period of time large quantity of waste has
been openly dumped at Khajod Disposal Site
Description Area (Sqm) Area (Ha)
Total area for open waste dump
6,11,741 61.1741
Schematic Diagram for Capping Layers
Scientific Closure Components (From Bottom to Top)
• Non-woven geotextile (400 gsm) as a protective layer
• Gas collection layer of 450 mm thickness to be spread evenly on
compacted MSW surface
• HDPE Geomembrane of 1.5 mm thickness
• Compacted soil layer of 600 mm
• Top soil cover layer of 300 mm
• Vegetative cover
Phase 1-Capping
Proposed project for Capping of existing open waste dump
Proposed Closer of Dump Site
Area Statement
Description Area (Sqm) Area (Ha)
Total area for open waste dump
6,11,741 61.1741
Total area for capping 3,64,912 36.4912
Phase 2 -Solar Park
Capping with development of Solar Panel
Indicative Photograph of Closed Dump Site with Solar Farm
Area Statement
Description Area (Sqm) Area (Ha)
Total area for open waste dump
6,11,741 61.1741
Total area for capping 3,64,912 36.4912
Centralized Biomedical Waste Collection, Treatment & Disposal Facility
BOOT Contract Introduced in Jan 2003 Land (4000 sq. mt.) provided by SMC at token rent Facility to be in strict adherence to BMW (M & H)
Rules. Collection of waste – 4000 Kg./Day Capacity of plant 6500 kg / Day Population: 44 Lacs Hospitals – 723 Beds – 5780 General dispensaries 1954 Pathological laboratories-220 Others – 291 Collection Centres – 31
Plastic Waste Management Facility
1st kind of such kind of facility in India at ULB level BOOT Contract of 20 years Collection activity started in all zones Land (8000 sq. mt.) provided by SMC at token rent Facility to be in strict adherence to Plastic waste management Rules, 2011. Current Collection of plastic waste – 25 Ton/day Capacity of plant : form 10 TPD to 50 TPD Approval from GPCB processing plant is under process Agency will produces pellets and crude oil using Pyrolysis technology. Minimum one collection centre per zone will be established and operated by
agency. Tie-up with rag pickers and NGO will be done by agency to lift street level
plastic.
E Waste Management Facility
Proposed Project mode is on PPP mode with 15 years concessionperiod
Collection activity will be started in all zones by end of April-2016. Land (4000 sq. mt.) provided by SMC at token rent Facility to be in strict adherence to E-waste management Rules,
2011. Primary Collection centre to be established in Surat Agency has to establish primary level Treatment in Surat Secondary and tertiary treatment will be outsourced at other place Expected waste to be collected: 10 TPD Agency will be authorized to setup collection centers for collection
of e-Waste from various sources Model will be worked out based on producer’s responsibility and
their involvement
C&D waste management
Industrial waste management- under Swachch bharat
mission.
Organic Waste Segregation and Treatment- under
Swachch bharat mission.
600 TPD waste to energy plant on EPC basis with the
support of GPCB, WTERT-India and SVNIT.
Waste to Energy Research Centre
Upcoming Projects – Solid waste Management
SURATMUNICIPAL
CORPORATION
Liquid Waste Management
3/8/2016
Coverage : 159 sq.km. (i.e. 78 % of present
habitable area of @ 204 sq.km.)
Population catered : 92 % of present population
Length of sewer network : 1704 km
Nos of sewer manholes : > 65,000
Sewage Pumping Stations : 50 Nos (1854 MLD)
Sewage Treatment Plants : 10 Nos (929.5 MLD)
Sewerage Scenario
3/8/2016
Treatment Technologies Adopted
Sr.
No.
Location of
Treatment plant
Year of
Commissioning
Capacity
(MLD)
Process
1 Anjana 1995+2007 82.5 Conventional Activated Sludge
2 Bhesan 1995+2008 100 Conventional Activated Sludge
3 Bhatar 1999+2014 162 Conventional Activated Sludge+
SBR technology
4 Karanj 1999+2015 140 Conventional Activated Sludge+
Fixed film Technology
5 Singanpore 2003+2014 155 Conventional Activated Sludge +
SBR technology
6 Bamroli 2002 100 UASB+ Extended Aeration
7 Asarma 2009 15 Moving Bed Bio Reactor
8 Khajod 2009 25 Moving Bed Bio Reactor
9 Variav-Kosad 2012 84 UASB+ Moving Bed Bio Reactor
10 Dindoli 2013 66 Conventional Activated Sludge
Grand Total 929.5
SUSTAINABLE INITATIVEBiogas based power plant-Innovation
Operational Biogas based power plant (6 Nos. - 4.6 MW)o Anjana : 0.5 MW
o Bhatar : 1.0 MW
o Karanj : 1.0 MW
o Singanpore : 1.0 MW
o Variav : 0.6 MW
o Bamroli : 0.5 MW
Bio gas plant under installation and commissioning stageo Dindoli : 0.75 MW
Total Power generation till date from Bio gas plant is 4.63 crore unit
SEWAGE GAS BASED POWER PLANT
Partners & Roles Sewage Gas Based Power Plant
SMC
Invitation of participation offer and selection of agency
Land allocation within STP campus
Capital investment to the tune of Rs.17.75 cr. (including subsidy from MNRE of Rs. 7.25 cr.)
Support for various statutory clearance
Provision of digesters in STPs to generate gas along with sludge treatment
Necessary provision for consumption of electricity generated for captive use
Operating Agency
Obtaining necessary statutory clearances
Design, detailed engineering, erection and commissioning of the plant
All-in-all O&M of the plant including all major/minor repairs, replacements including spares
Assured power generation
Tertiary Sewage Treatment Plant
3/8/2016
Recycle, Reuse of Sewage Water Through Tertiary Treatment : Bamroli STP
3/8/2016
Tertiary Sewage Treatment Plant
Capacity of the plant : 40 MLD
Contractor : M/s Enviro Control Associates (I) Pvt. Ltd
Technology partner : M/s Hyflux, Singapore
Capital Project Cost : Rs. 85.10 crores
Present Fresh water cost to Industries : Rs. 23/KL
Recycle water cost to Industries : Rs. 18.20/KL
(Yearly Increment on Indexation base)
Project started from : August – 2012
Project commissioned on : May - 2014
Tertiary Treatment Process
Secondary
Effluent
Ultra filtration
Reverse Osmosis
Pre- Chlorination
Post-Chlorination& pH adjustment
Flocculation
Product water Tank
To Pandesara Industrial
Estate
Activated Carbon Filter
Sand Filter
Disposal
Reject Water
57 MLD
8 MLD
Degasser System
Chemical Dosing
32 MLD
32 MLD
61 MLD
43 MLD
21 MLD
8 MLD
Partners & Roles
SMC
Conceptualization of project
Preparation of detailed design, invitation of tender and selection of operating agency
Project funding
Land allocation
Project execution
Payment of electricity bill
GIDC - Pandesara
End consumer
Assurance to purchase committed quantity for well defined time duration
Acceptance of the rate structure as mutually agreed
Agreed to price variation corresponding to RBI index
Regular payment to support the system
Operator
Monitoring of inlet and outlet parameters
Construction of plant to meet the desired parameters
Complete O&M of the plant including all major/minor repairs, replacements including spares
Comprehensive treatment responsibility from collection point to disposal point
Parameters Inlet of TTP Outlet of TTPDesirable limits as per
Drinking water standard IS-10500
Color (Hazen units) 55 <5 5
pH 6.5-7.5 6-7.5 6-8.5
Total Hardness as CaCO3 (mg/L
750 <300 300
Iron as Fe(mg/L) 0.63 <0.25 0.30
Manganese as Mn (mg/L) 0.12 <0.10 0.10
Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L)
2100 <500 500
BOD (mg/L) 20 <5 No Standard
COD (mg/L) 100 <50 No Standard
Suspended Solids (mg/L) 30 <2 5.0 (Turbidity)
Total Nitrogen as N (mg/L) 14 <10 10.20
Total Phosphorous as P (mg/L)
8 6-10 -
Residual Chlorine (mg/L) 0.5 0.5 <0.25
Treated Water Quality Achieved
TTP Inlet
TTP Outlet
Raw-TTP Inlet-TTP Outlet
3/8/2016
Recycle & Reuse of Waste Water
Augment Bamroli TTP from 40 MLD to 80 MLD.
Tertiary treatment plant at Bhesan, Variav and Asharma for recycling
of water for Hazira based industries, that may reduce water demand
from Siganpore reservoir.
Tertiary treatment plant at Dindoli and Bhatar for Sachin GIDC.
Replicability
3/8/2016
Future Plan – Towards zero discharge (2025)
Year Projected Sewage Collection (in MLD)
TTP Capacity(in MLD)
2016 860 40
2017 930 80
2018 1005 153
2019 1080 209
2020 1155 359
2021 1210 450
2022 1275 560
2023 1345 710
2024 1410 770
2025 1470 825
SURATMUNICIPAL
CORPORATION
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