best practices for architecting vdi with solid state storage

26
SSD & VDI How Storage Performance Determines Success

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Presentation to IT professionals from my days at Whiptail in Chicago before the Cisco acquisition. Amazing how the value proposition is the same, even two-plus years later, for flash and Virtual Desktops. Great perspective on how the hype may change, but the core challenges remain the same.

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Page 1: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

SSD & VDI

How Storage Performance Determines Success

Page 2: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 2

Who Am I?

Area Director at WHIPTAIL Benefit from joining very early Citrix & Symantec/VERITAS Attempt to be student Honestly tried to keep this vendor

neutral

Page 3: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 3

Fifty Shades of VDI

Published Apps

Thin Client Computing

Server Based

Computing

Published Desktop

Virtual Desktop OS

Virtual Desktop Broker

User Virtualization

Page 4: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 4

We’re Talking “Real VDI” Today

Hypervisor Desktop OS LAN/WAN/WWW Broker Any Device Apps Personality Data Storage

Page 5: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 5

The Virtual Desktop Storage Performance Matters

Vir

us

Sca

nnin

g

Patc

hin

g

Boot

Sto

rms

Login

Sto

rms Virtual Desktop

operating systems demand high I/O along with fast read and write bandwidth from storage.

Page 6: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012

How Demanding is It?

20 – 40 – 100 IOPS each

80% write, 100% random at 4k sustained

Relentless problem (does not get better with scale)

Basically the worst data pattern imaginable

Page 7: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 7

2000 2005 2010 Today

Infrastructure Performance

Broadband Wireless Network Processors Bus Memory Hard Disk Drive

HDD Storage ≠ Fast DataBusinesses can't wait for slow desktops • 200 IOPS per HDD• 6-8 milliseconds latency

Page 8: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 8

Real World I/O Demands

Cost of using HDDs for performance:

($ for 2 racks of HDD storage)/(1,000 users) =$300 - $500 per VDI user for storage

JUST for Operating Systems! Will it write fast enough? What else is on that array?

1,000 Users

===20-40 kWrite IOPS

200 HDDs

2 racks of HDD… + software, hardware,

maintenance, etc.

Rinse, Repeat as you scale…

Page 9: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 9

Can’t Jam It All In

NetApp• Cache• 2 Storage Tiers • 20,000 IOPS• $$$$

EMC• Cache• 3 Storage Tiers• 20,000 IOPS• $$$$$

Page 10: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 10

Two Types of VDI Data

User Data – Not FastOperating System - Fast

Page 11: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 11

Must SeparateLowers Cost – Delivers Performance

Virtual Desktop OS Silicon Storage Array 250,000 write IOPS Performance Matters Lun ‘n’ Done

User Data Traditional Storage Capacity Matters

Page 12: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012

Flash Has Issues, You Say?100X faster, no moving parts, but…

Higher cost per GB natively

All flash wears out

Not bit-addressable = slow writes

Bottlenecks at the controller

Page 13: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 13

NAND Flash Cost ExplainedApples to Oranges

NAND Flash storage is the most cost effective IO performance

solution for business

HDD Short Stroking marginally improves IO performance while dramatically increasing the cost

per GB, power and cooling.

NAND FLASH substantially out performs Short Stroked HDDs at

a lower cost per GB.

Hat Tip: Enterprise Storage Array Manufacturer

HDD vs.

NAND Flash

HDDLow Capacity Utilization

vs.High Capacity Utilization

HDD Short Stroking vs.

NAND Flash

Cost per IO Cost per GB Cost Per GB

Page 14: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 14

Two Types of VDI OS Deployment

Persistent

15GB – 40GB Each For Security For Developers Or Lost Battle w/Users

Non-Persistent

2GB – 6GB Each User Profile Tools App Deployment Tools Ideal Method

Page 15: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 15

Silicon Storage Array withCitrix XenDesktop

Citrix Provisioning Server

WHIPTAIL Storage Array •PVS vDisk Library •Windows XP•Windows Vista•Windows 7

User Data

Citrix XenServer

VMWare Host

Hyper-V

Citrix XenDesktop

Citrix XenApp

Citrix License Server

DHCP/DNS Server

SQL Server

XenDesktop Infrastructure Virtualization Hosts Provisioning & Storage

Page 16: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 16

Silicon Storage Array withVMware View

VMware Infrastructure

•Master Image•Low I/O and Capacity

•Replica Image•Read I/O

•Linked Clones•Write I/O

User Data

VMware Data

WHIPTAIL

Page 17: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012

SRP

NAND SSD x

8

RaceRunnerBlockTranslation Layer:

Alignment | Linearization

What About Write Speed & Wear?RACERUNNER OS

Fabric

iSCSI

Unified Transport

NAND SSD x

8

HBA HBAHBA

2. Write request passes through the transport stack to BTL.

1. Write request from host passes over fabric through HBAs.

4. Request is written to media.

Data integrity Layer

Enhanced RAID

3. Incoming blocks are aligned to native NAND page size.

NAND SSD x

8

FC

Page 18: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012

WHIPTAIL Silicon Storage Array Software Solution = Lower Cost

250k – 650k write speed, over the fabric, with protected drives, at 4k 100% random write

7.5 drive wear guarantee

Performance Scales

Page 19: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 19

ACCELA

Height 2RU

Capacity 1.5TB-12TB

Silicon Storage NAND Flash - MLC

IOPS 250,000 W & 200,000 R

Bandwidth 1.9 GB/s

Latency 120 Microseconds

Power 180 Watts

Interfaces Fibre ChannelGigabit Ethernet

Infiniband

Protocols

Fibre ChanneliSCSI

Infiniband QDRNFS & CIFS

Features

RAID ProtectionProtected Write Buffer

Hot SpareAsynchronous Replication

Options vCenter Plug-In INVICTA Node Kit

Acc

ele

rate

your

Applic

ati

on

s

Revolutionize the performance of virtualized infrastructure and applications with ACCELA. The fastest write performance in it's class.

ACCELA

Page 20: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 20

ACCELADesktop Virtualization

12TB 12TB

680 VMs 680 VMs 680 VMs 680 VMs 680 VMs 680 VMs 680 VMs 340 VMs5000 VMs40 IOPS Each60 UCSBlade Servers

5000 VDI Users at $50 per user2 ACCELA Arrays = $100 per userMore N+1 equals <$100 per user

Cisco UCS

Page 21: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 21

Move data at the speed of life

High IOPS•Virtual Desktop (VDI)•Transaction Databases•VMWare Clusters

High Bandwidth•Video Streaming•Batch Cycles•Database Dump/Loads•Transcoding

Low Latency•High Frequency Trading•On Line Websites•Application Databases

•VMWare Clusters

Symmetric Read/Write •Database Batch Loads•Web Database Batch/Online

•Database Dump/Loads•New Applications

ACCELA

INVICTA

1.5TB-12TB

6TB-72TB

Page 22: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 22

INVICTA Modular, Scalable & Tunable

Silicon Storage Router

Silicon Storage Nodes

Min/Max Capacity

6TB - 72TB

Base Models ISSA-6, ISSA-12, ISSA-24 6TB 12TB 24TB

Silicon Storage NAND Flash - MLC

Height 6RU-14RU

Silicon Storage Router

Multi-Path Architecture 250,000 - 650,000 IOPS

5GB/s - 7GB/s R/W Bandwidth*200 Microseconds Latency

Power: 440W

Interfaces4/8 Gb Fibre Channel

1/10 Gb Ethernet40 Gb Infiniband

Protocols Fibre Channel, iSCSI, SRP

Silicon Storage Nodes

Protected Write CachePower: 180W each

Features

Multi-Tenant and Multi-ProtocolCapacity Pooling

RAID Protection and Hot SparingLUN Mirroring and LUN Striping

Acc

ele

rate

your

Busi

ness

*fully configured system

Page 23: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 23

Up to 650,000 IOPS

Up to 7GB/s bandwidth

Up to 72 TB of Capacity

LUN mirroring

LUN Striping

INVICTAScalability and Virtualization

Fibre Channel or Ethernet Switch

15,000 VMs 40 IOPS Each = ~$100 per user

680 VMs per Blade Chassis

120 Blade Chassis

85 VMs per Blade Server

Each Blade is Multi-Pathed

Page 24: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 24

Alternatives to SSA for VDI

Software Optimization Too cumbersome and expensive

Appliances Not scalable or enterprise

Caching Doesn’t help writes

Tiering Processor bottleneck, HDD write performance,

cost, footprint Other SSA

No one else comes close in cost, write, wear

Page 25: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012

1,000 XenDesktop Users

1,500 VDI Users3,000 VDI Users

2,500 VDI Users

VMware View

1,000 XenDesktop Users

XenDesktop

2,000 XenDesktop Users

XenDesktop

8,000 XenDesktop Users

XenDesktop1,000 XenDesktop Users

OVER 4 YEARS OF VDI SUCCESS

Page 26: Best Practices for Architecting VDI with Solid State Storage

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY WHIPTAIL 2012 26

Questions and Answers

Ryan [email protected]

Thank You