beyond barriers: intercultural learning and inclusion in globalized paradigms dr alan bruce...
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Beyond Barriers:Beyond Barriers: intercultural learning and intercultural learning and inclusion in globalized paradigmsinclusion in globalized paradigms
Dr Alan BruceDr Alan Bruce
Universal Learning Systems - DublinUniversal Learning Systems - Dublin
EDEN - Lisbon EDEN - Lisbon
12 June 200812 June 2008
OverviewOverview
Conceptual backgroundsConceptual backgrounds Contours of changeContours of change European dimensionsEuropean dimensions Interculturalism and the OtherInterculturalism and the Other Learning in a dangerous planetLearning in a dangerous planet Engaging with rightsEngaging with rights
Impact of changeImpact of change
Globalization Globalization
process and impactprocess and impact
Labour market and workLabour market and work
innovation, competitiveness, adaptabilityinnovation, competitiveness, adaptability
Paradigms of inclusion Paradigms of inclusion
equality and diversityequality and diversity
European standards European standards
learning and transnationalitylearning and transnationality
GlobalizationGlobalization
Seismic shift in human relationshipsSeismic shift in human relationships Competitive pressuresCompetitive pressures New forms of work organizationNew forms of work organization New diversitiesNew diversities Instant, multidimensional communicationsInstant, multidimensional communications Quality standardsQuality standards
Impact on workImpact on work
Patterns of constant changePatterns of constant change Permanent migration mobilityPermanent migration mobility OutsourcingOutsourcing Flexible structures and modalitiesFlexible structures and modalities End of job normsEnd of job norms Knowledge economyKnowledge economy Structural inequalitiesStructural inequalities
Impact on cultureImpact on culture
End of old certaintiesEnd of old certainties No return to ‘normal’No return to ‘normal’ Polymorphic mediaPolymorphic media Fuzzy logic and postmodernismFuzzy logic and postmodernism
Impact on educationImpact on education
Professional trainingProfessional training Best practiceBest practice Standards and ethicsStandards and ethics Learner centredLearner centred Innovation imperativesInnovation imperatives
Hegelian interludeHegelian interlude
Jena 1806: Jena 1806: Phenomenology of SpiritPhenomenology of Spirit Philosophy meets HistoryPhilosophy meets History Theory of the gaze - master-slave dialecticTheory of the gaze - master-slave dialectic Desire, struggle and recognitionDesire, struggle and recognition The visibility of the Other The visibility of the Other
European trajectoriesEuropean trajectories
Rights of Man: Rights of Man: Liberty, Equality, FraternityLiberty, Equality, Fraternity Thematic mythologies - social inclusionThematic mythologies - social inclusion Legacies of struggleLegacies of struggle Hidden pasts:Hidden pasts:
colonialism, fascism, exterminismcolonialism, fascism, exterminism
American trajectoriesAmerican trajectories
Constitutional rights: Constitutional rights: Life, Liberty,the Pursuit of HappinessLife, Liberty,the Pursuit of Happiness
All men are created equal… All men are created equal… but…but… Final frontiers: immigration, assimilation, Final frontiers: immigration, assimilation,
success, opportunitysuccess, opportunity Hidden poisons - slavery, race, eugenicsHidden poisons - slavery, race, eugenics Back to the future - Back to the future -
Abu Ghraib to GuantanamoAbu Ghraib to Guantanamo
Irish themesIrish themes
Unexamined historiesUnexamined histories Sectarian realitiesSectarian realities Identity and modernityIdentity and modernity Joycean deconstructionsJoycean deconstructions The terrible beautyThe terrible beauty Intercultural dialecticsIntercultural dialectics
2008: EU Year of Intercultural 2008: EU Year of Intercultural DialogueDialogue
Permit exchangePermit exchange Greater knowledgeGreater knowledge Presumed growth in tolerance, Presumed growth in tolerance,
acceptance, non-discriminationacceptance, non-discrimination Enhanced learningEnhanced learning
Cross cultural competenceCross cultural competence
Educational basis in B.S. BloomEducational basis in B.S. Bloom Bloom’s Taxonomy (1956)Bloom’s Taxonomy (1956) Holistic learning in three domainsHolistic learning in three domains
(affective, psychomotor, cognitive)(affective, psychomotor, cognitive)
Intercultural agendasIntercultural agendas
InteractionInteraction EmpathyEmpathy CommunicationCommunication KnowledgeKnowledge Removal of prejudiceRemoval of prejudice
Nagging issuesNagging issues
GenderGender PowerPower Subsumed violenceSubsumed violence ValuesValues
Interculturalism -Interculturalism -in other wordsin other words……
We know what it isWe know what it is We know when it happensWe know when it happens We know who is involvedWe know who is involved
But why should we bother?But why should we bother?
The Commissioner speaksThe Commissioner speaks
Vladimir Spidla (9.6.08)Vladimir Spidla (9.6.08) Promoting tolerance not enoughPromoting tolerance not enough Racism requires policies on diversity, Racism requires policies on diversity,
laws, anti-discrimination measureslaws, anti-discrimination measures Ongoing issues around cost implications, Ongoing issues around cost implications,
ambiguities, resistance, rightsambiguities, resistance, rights
Global imperativesGlobal imperatives
Radical re-structuring of world economyRadical re-structuring of world economy Interconnected information/communicationInterconnected information/communication Differential access to resourcesDifferential access to resources Ecological degradationEcological degradation Decline of rural lifeDecline of rural life
Conclusions….Conclusions….
An assumption of stable work patterns and An assumption of stable work patterns and linear economic development is no longer linear economic development is no longer possiblepossible
Learning systems must innovate and Learning systems must innovate and respond accordinglyrespond accordingly
Spectres at the gatesSpectres at the gates
Persistence and increase in inequalityPersistence and increase in inequality Permanent hopelessness of excludedPermanent hopelessness of excluded Embedded violenceEmbedded violence Internal underclassInternal underclass Invisibility and ethnic differenceInvisibility and ethnic difference
Urbanized futuresUrbanized futures
Planet of SlumsPlanet of Slums (Mike Davis) (Mike Davis) Informal economiesInformal economies HypercitiesHypercities
Learning contextsLearning contexts
Traditional schoolingTraditional schooling Learning systems both reflect and lead Learning systems both reflect and lead
societysociety Information…wisdom…understandingInformation…wisdom…understanding Critical enquiry back to IllichCritical enquiry back to Illich Reflection and inquisitivenessReflection and inquisitiveness Engaging with differenceEngaging with difference
The Balkan GhostThe Balkan Ghost
Boundaries drawn to defend ‘Europe’ Boundaries drawn to defend ‘Europe’ against the Other (Slavoj Zizek)against the Other (Slavoj Zizek)
Decalogue and Human RightsDecalogue and Human Rights Love your neighbour not as mirror Love your neighbour not as mirror
image… but as Realimage… but as Real
((The Fragile AbsoluteThe Fragile Absolute))
Pressing concernsPressing concerns
Agreed definition of multiculturalAgreed definition of multicultural Adjustment and accommodationAdjustment and accommodation Melting pot or mosaicMelting pot or mosaic Separate developmentSeparate development Beliefs, values and practicesBeliefs, values and practices Symbols, language and behaviourSymbols, language and behaviour
ChallengesChallenges
Mutual interaction or structured exclusion?Mutual interaction or structured exclusion? Community values or communal rituals?Community values or communal rituals? Linkage to realities or past models?Linkage to realities or past models? Shared memories or shared hatreds?Shared memories or shared hatreds?
Eastern tales…Eastern tales…
Orhan Pamuk and the re-telling of Hüstev Orhan Pamuk and the re-telling of Hüstev and Sirinand Sirin
Recognizing the OtherRecognizing the Other
Does truth lie in reality or image of reality?Does truth lie in reality or image of reality?
Turkish perspectivesTurkish perspectives
““I am a copy of something, but I have I am a copy of something, but I have forgotten what that something is.”forgotten what that something is.”
Oguz AtayOguz Atay
Policy opportunitiesPolicy opportunities
Valued diversityValued diversity Democratic engagementDemocratic engagement Community empowermentCommunity empowerment Mutual benefitMutual benefit Legislative underpinningLegislative underpinning Tolerance to recognitionTolerance to recognition Acknowledged pasts - shared futuresAcknowledged pasts - shared futures
Work based learningWork based learning
Learning from intercultural strategiesLearning from intercultural strategies Demonstrated leadershipDemonstrated leadership Responding to diverse marketsResponding to diverse markets Linkage and added valueLinkage and added value Re-appropriating competitivenessRe-appropriating competitiveness Meeting needs and profitabilityMeeting needs and profitability
Towards best practiceTowards best practice
Training of trainersTraining of trainers Ongoing equality and diversity trainingOngoing equality and diversity training Commitment to diversity managementCommitment to diversity management Diverse structures for diverse communitiesDiverse structures for diverse communities Link inclusion to engaged learningLink inclusion to engaged learning
Multicultural learningMulticultural learning
Innovative communication skillsInnovative communication skills Challenging stereotypes and biasChallenging stereotypes and bias Learning across spectrum - gender, Learning across spectrum - gender,
disability, age, ethnic origindisability, age, ethnic origin Collaborative learning - global virtual Collaborative learning - global virtual
teams (University of Waikatu).teams (University of Waikatu).
Rights and intercultural Rights and intercultural learninglearning
No optional extrasNo optional extras Assuming our responsibilities as educatorsAssuming our responsibilities as educators Radio Rwanda to the Radio Rwanda to the An Yue JiangAn Yue Jiang US army blogsUS army blogs E-learning as engine of survivalE-learning as engine of survival
Transformative learningTransformative learning
Planning for globalized realitiesPlanning for globalized realities Learning from differenceLearning from difference Learning to learn and un-learn (Toffler)Learning to learn and un-learn (Toffler) Creative dynamismCreative dynamism Anticipating new learning needsAnticipating new learning needs Accepting global responsibilityAccepting global responsibility Asserting visionAsserting vision
Back to Hegel…Back to Hegel…
Challenging norms - what is indigenous culture?Challenging norms - what is indigenous culture? Challenging stereotypesChallenging stereotypes Talent, competence and communicative Talent, competence and communicative
empathyempathy Engagement with differenceEngagement with difference Embedded visionEmbedded vision Recognition - seeing the Other Recognition - seeing the Other
seeing ourselvesseeing ourselves
