Beyond Linux From ScratchVersion 6.3

BLFS Development Team

Beyond Linux From Scratch: Version 6.3by BLFS Development Team Published 2008-08-24 Copyright 2001-2008 BLFS Development Team

AbstractThis book follows on from the Linux From Scratch book. It introduces and guides the reader through additions to the system including networking, graphical interfaces, sound support, and printer and scanner support.

Revision 6.3 Revision 6.2.0 Revision 6.1 Revision 6.0 Revision 5.1 Revision 5.0 Revision 1.0All rights reserved.

Revision History 2008-08-24 2007-02-14 2005-08-14 2005-04-02 2004-06-05 2003-11-06 2003-04-25

Seventh release Sixth release Fifth release Fourth release Third release Second release First release

Copyright 2001-2008, BLFS Development Team

Descriptive text is licensed under a Creative Commons License. Computer instructions are licensed under the Academic Free License v. 2.1. Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds.

Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.3

DedicationThis book is dedicated to the LFS community

i

Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.3

Table of ContentsPreface ..................................................................................................................................................................... xiv Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................ xv Who Would Want to Read this Book ............................................................................................................... xv Organization ...................................................................................................................................................... xvi Errata ................................................................................................................................................................ xvii I. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................. 1 1. Welcome to BLFS ........................................................................................................................................... 2 Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................................................... 2 Credits ............................................................................................................................................................ 2 Which Sections of the Book Do I Want? ..................................................................................................... 5 Conventions Used in this Book ..................................................................................................................... 6 Book Version ................................................................................................................................................. 7 Mirror Sites .................................................................................................................................................... 7 Getting the Source Packages ......................................................................................................................... 7 Change Log .................................................................................................................................................... 8 Mailing Lists ................................................................................................................................................ 31 BLFS Wiki ................................................................................................................................................... 31 Asking for Help and the FAQ ..................................................................................................................... 32 Contact Information ..................................................................................................................................... 33 2. Important Information .................................................................................................................................... 34 Notes on Building Software ........................................................................................................................ 34 The /usr Versus /usr/local Debate ............................................................................................................... 38 Optional Patches .......................................................................................................................................... 39 BLFS Boot Scripts ....................................................................................................................................... 39 Locale Related Issues ................................................................................................................................... 39 Going Beyond BLFS ................................................................................................................................... 43 II. Post LFS Configuration and Extra Software ...................................................................................................... 45 3. After LFS Configuration Issues .................................................................................................................... 46 Creating a Custom Boot Device .................................................................................................................. 46 Configuring for Adding Users ..................................................................................................................... 47 About System Users and Groups ................................................................................................................ 48 About Devices .............................................................................................................................................. 50 The Bash Shell Startup Files ....................................................................................................................... 51 The /etc/vimrc and ~/.vimrc Files ............................................................................................................... 59 Customizing your Logon with /etc/issue ..................................................................................................... 59 The /etc/shells File ....................................................................................................................................... 60 Random Number Generation ....................................................................................................................... 61 Compressing Man and Info Pages ............................................................................................................... 61 Automate Mounting of File Systems ........................................................................................................... 74 Configuring for Network Filesystems ......................................................................................................... 77 4. Security .......................................................................................................................................................... 78 OpenSSL-0.9.8g ........................................................................................................................................... 79 GnuTLS-1.6.3 ............................................................................................................................................... 81 CrackLib-2.8.12 ............................................................................................................................................ 83 Linux-PAM-0.99.10.0 .................................................................................................................................. 86 ii

Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.3 Shadow-4.0.18.1 ........................................................................................................................................... 89 Iptables-1.3.8 ................................................................................................................................................ 98 Setting Up a Network Firewall .................................................................................................................. 100 GnuPG-1.4.7 ............................................................................................................................................... 109 GnuPG-2.0.8 ............................................................................................................................................... 111 Tripwire-2.4.1.2 .......................................................................................................................................... 114 Heimdal-1.1 ................................................................................................................................................ 117 MIT Kerberos V5-1.6 ................................................................................................................................ 126 Cyrus SASL-2.1.22 .................................................................................................................................... 133 Stunnel-4.21 ................................................................................................................................................ 136 Sudo-1.6.9p15 ............................................................................................................................................. 140 NSS-3.11.7 ................................................................................................................................................. 143 5. File Systems ................................................................................................................................................. 146 ReiserFS-3.6.20 .......................................................................................................................................... 147 XFS-2.9.7 ................................................................................................................................................... 149 6. Editors .......................................................................................................................................................... 151 Vim-7.1 ....................................................................................................................................................... 152 Emacs-22.1 ................................................................................................................................................. 155 Nano-2.0.7 .................................................................................................................................................. 157 JOE-3.5 ....................................................................................................................................................... 159 Ed-0.8 ......................................................................................................................................................... 160 Bluefish-1.0.7 ............................................................................................................................................. 161 Other Editors .............................................................................................................................................. 163 7. Shells ............................................................................................................................................................ 164 Tcsh-6.15.00 ............................................................................................................................................... 165 ZSH-4.3.6 ................................................................................................................................................... 167 Dash-0.5.4 ................................................................................................................................................... 170 ksh-2008-02-02 ........................................................................................................................................... 172 III. General Libraries and Utilities ........................................................................................................................ 174 8. General Libraries ......................................................................................................................................... 175 PCRE-7.6 .................................................................................................................................................... 176 Popt-1.10.4 ................................................................................................................................................. 178 S-Lang-2.1.3 ............................................................................................................................................... 179 Gamin-0.1.9 ................................................................................................................................................ 181 libxml2-2.6.31 ............................................................................................................................................ 183 libxslt-1.1.22 ............................................................................................................................................... 185 libgtkhtml-2.11.1 ........................................................................................................................................ 186 GMP-4.2.2 .................................................................................................................................................. 187 GDBM-1.8.3 ............................................................................................................................................... 189 GLib-1.2.10 ................................................................................................................................................ 190 GLib-2.12.12 .............................................................................................................................................. 191 LibIDL-0.8.8 ............................................................................................................................................... 193 Libcroco-0.6.1 ............................................................................................................................................ 195 libgsf-1.14.7 ................................................................................................................................................ 196 libglade-2.6.1 .............................................................................................................................................. 198 Expat-2.0.1 ................................................................................................................................................. 199 libESMTP-1.0.4 .......................................................................................................................................... 200 iii

Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.3 Aspell-0.60.5 .............................................................................................................................................. SLIB-3a4 .................................................................................................................................................... G-Wrap-1.3.4 .............................................................................................................................................. LZO-2.02 .................................................................................................................................................... libusb-0.1.12 ............................................................................................................................................... ISO Codes-1.2 ............................................................................................................................................ GMime-2.2.10 ............................................................................................................................................ Libidn-0.6.14 .............................................................................................................................................. libdrm-2.3.0 ................................................................................................................................................ D-Bus Bindings .......................................................................................................................................... libpthread-stubs-0.1 .................................................................................................................................... Pth-2.0.7 ..................................................................................................................................................... Libassuan-1.0.4 ........................................................................................................................................... Libgpg-error-1.5 ......................................................................................................................................... Libgcrypt-1.2.4 ........................................................................................................................................... Libksba-1.0.2 .............................................................................................................................................. Mowgli-0.6.1 .............................................................................................................................................. mcs-0.7.0 .................................................................................................................................................... 9. Graphics and Font Libraries ........................................................................................................................ libjpeg-6b .................................................................................................................................................... libpng-1.2.29 ............................................................................................................................................... LibTIFF-3.8.2 ............................................................................................................................................. giflib-4.1.4 .................................................................................................................................................. little cms-1.16 ............................................................................................................................................. libmng-1.0.9 ............................................................................................................................................... FreeType-2.3.7 ........................................................................................................................................... Fontconfig-2.4.2 ......................................................................................................................................... libart_lgpl-2.3.19 ........................................................................................................................................ librsvg-2.16.1 .............................................................................................................................................. AAlib-1.4rc5 ............................................................................................................................................... Imlib2-1.4.0 ................................................................................................................................................ libexif-0.6.16 .............................................................................................................................................. FriBidi-0.10.8 ............................................................................................................................................. Poppler-0.5.4 .............................................................................................................................................. 10. General Utilities ......................................................................................................................................... Bc-1.06 ....................................................................................................................................................... Rep-gtk-0.18 ............................................................................................................................................... Compface-1.5.2 .......................................................................................................................................... ImageMagick-6.3.5-10 ............................................................................................................................... Hd2u-1.0.1 .................................................................................................................................................. GTK-Doc-1.8 .............................................................................................................................................. ScrollKeeper-0.3.14 .................................................................................................................................... Intltool-0.35.5 ............................................................................................................................................. Screen-4.0.3 ................................................................................................................................................ HTML Tidy-cvs_20070326 ....................................................................................................................... desktop-file-utils-0.13 ................................................................................................................................. XScreenSaver-5.03 ..................................................................................................................................... iv 201 203 205 207 208 210 211 213 215 216 219 220 221 223 224 226 228 229 231 232 234 236 238 240 242 244 246 249 250 252 253 255 256 257 260 261 263 264 265 268 269 271 273 275 277 279 281

Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.3 pilot-link-0.12.2 .......................................................................................................................................... unixODBC-2.2.12 ....................................................................................................................................... Graphviz-2.12 ............................................................................................................................................. xterm-231 ................................................................................................................................................... rman-3.2 ..................................................................................................................................................... Recode-3.6 .................................................................................................................................................. icon-naming-utils-0.8.2 .............................................................................................................................. rxvt-unicode-9.02 ....................................................................................................................................... PIN-Entry-0.7.3 .......................................................................................................................................... Gperf-3.0.3 ................................................................................................................................................. 11. System Utilities .......................................................................................................................................... GPM-1.20.1 ................................................................................................................................................ Fcron-3.0.3 ................................................................................................................................................. Hdparm-7.7 ................................................................................................................................................. Which-2.19 and Alternatives ..................................................................................................................... UnZip-5.52 ................................................................................................................................................. Zip-2.32 ...................................................................................................................................................... UnRar-3.7.8 ................................................................................................................................................ PCI Utilities-2.2.3 ...................................................................................................................................... usbutils-0.72 ............................................................................................................................................... pkg-config-0.22 .......................................................................................................................................... cpio-2.9 ....................................................................................................................................................... MC-4.6.1 .................................................................................................................................................... Sysstat-7.0.4 ............................................................................................................................................... Apache Ant-1.7.0 ....................................................................................................................................... D-BUS-1.0.2 ............................................................................................................................................... HAL-0.5.9.1 ................................................................................................................................................ 12. Programming .............................................................................................................................................. DejaGnu-1.4.4 ............................................................................................................................................ Doxygen-1.5.2 ............................................................................................................................................ Expect-5.43.0 .............................................................................................................................................. GC-6.8 ........................................................................................................................................................ GCC-4.1.2 ................................................................................................................................................... GCC-3.3.6 ................................................................................................................................................... Guile-1.8.2 .................................................................................................................................................. JDK-6 Update 5 ......................................................................................................................................... JUnit-4.3.1 .................................................................................................................................................. Librep-0.17 ................................................................................................................................................. NASM-0.98.39 ........................................................................................................................................... PDL-2.4.2 ................................................................................................................................................... Perl Modules .............................................................................................................................................. PHP-5.2.3 ................................................................................................................................................... Python-2.5.2 ............................................................................................................................................... Python Modules ......................................................................................................................................... Ruby-1.8.6-p111 ......................................................................................................................................... Tcl-8.4.18 ................................................................................................................................................... Tk-8.4.18 .................................................................................................................................................... v 283 285 288 292 294 295 297 298 300 302 303 304 306 308 309 311 314 315 316 318 320 321 323 326 328 330 334 341 342 343 345 348 350 355 357 360 365 366 367 369 374 383 387 389 397 399 401

Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.3 Other Programming Tools ......................................................................................................................... IV. Basic Networking ............................................................................................................................................ 13. Connecting to a Network ........................................................................................................................... PPP-2.4.4 .................................................................................................................................................... dhcpcd-3.0.19 ............................................................................................................................................. DHCP-3.0.6 Client Configuration ............................................................................................................. 14. Networking Libraries ................................................................................................................................. cURL-7.16.3 ............................................................................................................................................... GNet-2.0.7 .................................................................................................................................................. libsoup-2.2.100 ........................................................................................................................................... libpcap-0.9.6 ............................................................................................................................................... 15. Text Web Browsers ................................................................................................................................... Links-2.1pre33 ............................................................................................................................................ Lynx-2.8.6rel.5 ........................................................................................................................................... W3m-0.5.2 .................................................................................................................................................. 16. Basic Networking Programs ...................................................................................................................... CVS-1.11.22 ............................................................................................................................................... Inetutils-1.5 ................................................................................................................................................. NcFTP-3.2.1 ............................................................................................................................................... Net-tools-1.60 ............................................................................................................................................. NFS Utilities-1.1.2 Client .......................................................................................................................... NTP-4.2.4p0 ............................................................................................................................................... OpenSSH-4.7p1 Client ............................................................................................................................... Portmap-6.0 ................................................................................................................................................ Rsync-3.0.2 Client ...................................................................................................................................... Samba-3.0.30 Client ................................................................................................................................... Subversion-1.4.4 ......................................................................................................................................... TCP Wrapper-7.6 ....................................................................................................................................... Wget-1.10.2 ................................................................................................................................................ Wireless Tools-28 ...................................................................................................................................... Other Networking Programs ...................................................................................................................... 17. Basic Networking Utilities ........................................................................................................................ Traceroute-1.4a12 ....................................................................................................................................... Nmap-4.20 .................................................................................................................................................. Whois-4.7.26 .............................................................................................................................................. BIND Utilities-9.4.1-P1 ............................................................................................................................. Wireshark-0.99.6 ........................................................................................................................................ 18. Mail/News Clients ..................................................................................................................................... Heirloom mailx-12.2 .................................................................................................................................. Procmail-3.22 ............................................................................................................................................. Fetchmail-6.3.8 ........................................................................................................................................... Mutt-1.5.17 ................................................................................................................................................. Pine-4.64 ..................................................................................................................................................... TIN-1.8.3 .................................................................................................................................................... Other Mail and News Programs ................................................................................................................ V. Servers ............................................................................................................................................................... 19. Major Servers ............................................................................................................................................. vi 403 422 423 424 432 434 436 437 439 440 441 442 443 446 449 451 452 455 457 459 461 462 465 466 468 468 469 473 475 477 479 480 481 483 484 485 487 490 491 493 495 497 500 502 504 505 506

Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.3 Apache-2.2.8 ............................................................................................................................................... BIND-9.4.1-P1 ........................................................................................................................................... NFS Utilities-1.1.2 ..................................................................................................................................... OpenSSH-4.7p1 .......................................................................................................................................... ProFTPD-1.3.0 ........................................................................................................................................... Samba-3.0.30 .............................................................................................................................................. vsftpd-2.0.5 ................................................................................................................................................. xinetd-2.3.14 ............................................................................................................................................... 20. Mail Server Software ................................................................................................................................. Exim-4.67 ................................................................................................................................................... Postfix-2.5.1 ............................................................................................................................................... Qpopper-4.0.9 ............................................................................................................................................. Sendmail-8.14.1 .......................................................................................................................................... 21. Databases ................................................................................................................................................... Berkeley DB-4.5.20 ................................................................................................................................... MySQL-5.0.41 ............................................................................................................................................ PostgreSQL-8.2.4 ....................................................................................................................................... 22. Other Server Software ............................................................................................................................... DHCP-3.0.6 ................................................................................................................................................ Leafnode-1.11.5 .......................................................................................................................................... OpenLDAP-2.3.39 ...................................................................................................................................... rsync-3.0.2 .................................................................................................................................................. Running a CVS Server .............................................................................................................................. Running a Subversion Server .................................................................................................................... VI. X + Window Managers ................................................................................................................................... 23. X Window System Environment ............................................................................................................... The X Window System Introduction to Xorg-7.2 ............................................................................................................................ Xorg Protocol Headers ............................................................................................................................... Xorg Utilities .............................................................................................................................................. libXau-1.0.3 ................................................................................................................................................ libXdmcp-1.0.2 ........................................................................................................................................... xcb-proto-1.0 .............................................................................................................................................. libxcb-1.0 .................................................................................................................................................... Xorg Libraries ............................................................................................................................................ Xbitmaps-1.0.1 ........................................................................................................................................... Xorg Applications ...................................................................................................................................... xcursor-themes-1.0.1 .................................................................................................................................. Xorg Fonts .................................................................................................................................................. XKeyboardConfig-1.2 ................................................................................................................................ Luit-1.0.2 .................................................................................................................................................... Xorg-Server-1.2.0 ....................................................................................................................................... Xorg Drivers .............................................................................................................................................. Configuring X Window System X Window System Components ................................................................................................................ Additional X Window System Configuration ........................................................................................... 24. X Libraries ................................................................................................................................................. vii 507 511 519 523 526 529 538 540 552 553 557 563 566 570 571 574 578 582 583 586 589 594 597 600 604 605 605 608 609 611 612 613 614 616 620 621 626 627 629 630 631 634 635 642 645

Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.3 Qt-3.3.8b ..................................................................................................................................................... Qt-4.3.4 ....................................................................................................................................................... GTK+-1.2.10 .............................................................................................................................................. cairo-1.4.14 ................................................................................................................................................. Pango-1.16.4 ............................................................................................................................................... ATK-1.18.0 ................................................................................................................................................. GTK+-2.10.13 ............................................................................................................................................ LessTif-0.95.0 ............................................................................................................................................. startup-notification-0.9 ............................................................................................................................... libwnck-2.18.3 ............................................................................................................................................ shared-mime-info-0.21 ............................................................................................................................... hicolor-icon-theme-0.10 ............................................................................................................................. libxklavier-3.2 ............................................................................................................................................ freeglut-2.4.0 .............................................................................................................................................. GOffice-0.6.1 .............................................................................................................................................. MesaLib-6.5.2 ............................................................................................................................................. 25. Window Managers ..................................................................................................................................... Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ sawfish-1.3 .................................................................................................................................................. Fluxbox-0.9.15.1 ........................................................................................................................................ Metacity-2.18.5 ........................................................................................................................................... Other Window Managers ........................................................................................................................... VII. KDE ................................................................................................................................................................ 26. KDE Core Packages .................................................................................................................................. KDE Pre-installation Configuration ........................................................................................................... aRts-1.5.9 .................................................................................................................................................... Kdelibs-3.5.9 .............................................................................................................................................. Kdebase-3.5.9 ............................................................................................................................................. Configuring the Core KDE Packages ........................................................................................................ 27. KDE Additional Packages ......................................................................................................................... Kdeadmin-3.5.9 .......................................................................................................................................... Kdenetwork-3.5.9 ....................................................................................................................................... Kdepim-3.5.9 .............................................................................................................................................. Kdemultimedia-3.5.9 .................................................................................................................................. Kdegraphics-3.5.9 ....................................................................................................................................... Kdeutils-3.5.9 ............................................................................................................................................. Kdeedu-3.5.9 .............................................................................................................................................. Kdeaccessibility-3.5.9 ................................................................................................................................ Kdetoys-3.5.9 ............................................................................................................................................. Kdegames-3.5.9 .......................................................................................................................................... Kdeartwork-3.5.9 ........................................................................................................................................ Kdeaddons-3.5.9 ......................................................................................................................................... Kde-i18n-3.5.9 ............................................................................................................................................ 28. KDE Software and WEB Development Packages .................................................................................... Kdesdk-3.5.9 ............................................................................................................................................... Kdevelop-3.5.1 ........................................................................................................................................... Kdewebdev-3.5.9 ........................................................................................................................................ viii 646 652 656 658 660 662 663 665 668 669 670 672 673 674 675 677 680 680 681 683 686 688 689 691 691 693 695 698 701 702 703 705 707 709 712 714 716 718 720 722 723 724 725 727 728 730 732

Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.3 Kdebindings-3.5.9 ...................................................................................................................................... VIII. GNOME ........................................................................................................................................................ 29. GNOME Core Packages ............................................................................................................................ Pre-installation Configuration .................................................................................................................... Platform ORBit2-2.14.7 ............................................................................................................................................ libbonobo-2.18.0 ......................................................................................................................................... GConf-2.18.0.1 ........................................................................................................................................... shared-mime-info-0.21 ............................................................................................................................... GNOME MIME Data-2.4.3 ....................................................................................................................... hicolor-icon-theme-0.10 ............................................................................................................................. desktop-file-utils-0.13 ................................................................................................................................. GNOME Virtual File System-2.18.1 ......................................................................................................... GNOME VFS Monikers-2.15.3 ................................................................................................................. libgnome-2.18.0 .......................................................................................................................................... libgnomecanvas-2.14.0 ............................................................................................................................... libbonoboui-2.18.0 ..................................................................................................................................... gnome-keyring-0.8.1 .................................................................................................................................. GNOME Icon Theme-2.18.0 ..................................................................................................................... libgnomeui-2.18.1 ....................................................................................................................................... GAIL-1.18.0 ............................................................................................................................................... Desktop GTK Engines-2.10.2 .................................................................................................................................. GNOME Themes-2.18.1 ............................................................................................................................ GNOME Doc Utils-0.10.3 ......................................................................................................................... GNOME Desktop-2.18.3 ............................................................................................................................ gnome-backgrounds-2.18.3 ........................................................................................................................ gnome-menus-2.18.3 .................................................................................................................................. GNOME Panel-2.18.3 ................................................................................................................................ VTE-0.16.6 ................................................................................................................................................. GNOME Terminal-2.18.1 .......................................................................................................................... LibGTop-2.14.9 .......................................................................................................................................... libgnomekbd-2.18.2 .................................................................................................................................... EEL-2.18.3 ................................................................................................................................................. Nautilus-2.18.3 ........................................................................................................................................... Control Center-2.18.1 ................................................................................................................................. GNOME Applets-2.18.0 ............................................................................................................................ GNOME Session-2.18.3 ............................................................................................................................. Yelp-2.18.1 ................................................................................................................................................. GNOME User Docs-2.18.2 ........................................................................................................................ Configuring the Core GNOME Packages ................................................................................................. 30. GNOME Additional Packages ................................................................................................................... Libraries Evolution Data Server-1.10.3 .................................................................................................................... gnome-audio-2.0.0 ...................................................................................................................................... GtkHTML-3.14.3 ....................................................................................................................................... gtksourceview-1.8.5 ................................................................................................................................... ix 734 736 738 738 740 742 744 746 747 749 749 750 752 753 755 757 759 761 762 764 766 767 768 770 772 774 777 779 781 783 785 787 788 790 792 794 796 798 800 801 802 805 806 808

Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.3 libgnomecups-0.2.2 .................................................................................................................................... libgnomeprint-2.18.0 .................................................................................................................................. libgnomeprintui-2.18.0 ............................................................................................................................... system-tools-backends-1.4.2 ...................................................................................................................... Utilities bug-buddy-2.18.1 ....................................................................................................................................... Ekiga-2.0.9 ................................................................................................................................................. EOG-2.18.2 ................................................................................................................................................. Epiphany-2.18.3 ......................................................................................................................................... Evince-0.8.3 ................................................................................................................................................ File Roller-2.18.4 ....................................................................................................................................... gcalctool-5.9.14 .......................................................................................................................................... GConf Editor-2.18.0 ................................................................................................................................... GDM-2.18.3 ............................................................................................................................................... gedit-2.18.2 ................................................................................................................................................. GNOME Games-2.18.2.1 ........................................................................................................................... GNOME Keyring Manager-2.18.0 ............................................................................................................ GNOME Media-2.18.0 ............................................................................................................................... gnome-mount-0.6 ....................................................................................................................................... GNOME Netstatus-2.12.1 .......................................................................................................................... gnome-screensaver-2.18.2 .......................................................................................................................... GNOME System Monitor-2.18.2 ............................................................................................................... GNOME Utilities-2.18.1 ............................................................................................................................ gnome-volume-manager-2.17.0 .................................................................................................................. gucharmap-1.10.0 ....................................................................................................................................... Nautilus CD Burner-2.18.2 ........................................................................................................................ Sound Juicer-2.16.4 .................................................................................................................................... Totem-2.18.2 .............................................................................................................................................. Zenity-2.18.2 .............................................................................................................................................. Accessibility AT SPI-1.18.1 ............................................................................................................................................ GNOME Magnifier-0.14.6 ......................................................................................................................... GNOME Speech-0.4.16 ............................................................................................................................. GOK-1.2.5 .................................................................................................................................................. Java Access Bridge-1.18.0 ......................................................................................................................... libgail-gnome-1.18.0 .................................................................................................................................. Orca-2.18.1 ................................................................................................................................................. IX. X Software ....................................................................................................................................................... 31. Individual Office Programs ....................................................................................................................... AbiWord-2.4.6 ............................................................................................................................................ Gnumeric-1.8.2 ........................................................................................................................................... GnuCash-2.2.4 ............................................................................................................................................ GIMP-2.2.17 ............................................................................................................................................... Evolution-2.10.3 ......................................................................................................................................... 32. Office Suites .............................................................................................................................................. KOffice-1.6.3 .............................................................................................................................................. OpenOffice-2.3.1 ........................................................................................................................................ x 810 812 814 816 818 820 822 824 826 828 830 832 834 838 840 842 844 846 848 850 854 856 858 860 862 864 866 868 870 872 874 876 878 880 881 883 884 885 889 892 896 899 902 903 905

Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.3 33. Graphical Web Browsers ........................................................................................................................... 911 SeaMonkey-1.1.9 ........................................................................................................................................ 912 Firefox-2.0.0.15 .......................................................................................................................................... 919 Konqueror-3.5.9 ......................................................................................................................................... 925 34. Other X-based Internet Programs .............................................................................................................. 926 Thunderbird-2.0.0.12 .................................................................................................................................. 927 Pan-0.14.2 ................................................................................................................................................... 933 Balsa-2.3.22 ................................................................................................................................................ 934 Pidgin-2.1.0 ................................................................................................................................................ 936 XChat-2.8.4 ................................................................................................................................................ 939 X. Multimedia ........................................................................................................................................................ 941 35. Multimedia Libraries and Drivers ............................................................................................................. 942 ALSA-1.0.13 .............................................................................................................................................. 942 ALSA Library-1.0.13 ................................................................................................................................. 943 ALSA Plugins-1.0.13 ................................................................................................................................. 945 ALSA Utilities-1.0.13 ................................................................................................................................ 947 ALSA Tools-1.0.13 .................................................................................................................................... 950 ALSA Firmware-1.0.13 ............................................................................................................................. 953 ALSA OSS-1.0.12 ...................................................................................................................................... 954 aRts-1.5.9 .................................................................................................................................................... 956 Audio File-0.2.6 ......................................................................................................................................... 957 EsounD-0.2.37 ............................................................................................................................................ 958 SDL-1.2.11 ................................................................................................................................................. 960 Libao-0.8.8 ................................................................................................................................................. 962 libogg-1.1.3 ................................................................................................................................................. 964 libvorbis-1.2.0 ............................................................................................................................................. 965 FAAC-1.26 ................................................................................................................................................. 967 FAAD2-2.6.1 .............................................................................................................................................. 969 NAS-1.9 ...................................................................................................................................................... 971 LibMPEG3-1.7 ........................................................................................................................................... 973 libmad-0.15.1b ............................................................................................................................................ 975 libquicktime-1.0.0 ....................................................................................................................................... 977 libFAME-0.9.1 ........................................................................................................................................... 979 Speex-1.0.5 ................................................................................................................................................. 981 Id3lib-3.8.3 ................................................................................................................................................. 982 FLAC-1.2.1 ................................................................................................................................................. 983 libdvdcss-1.2.9 ............................................................................................................................................ 985 Libdvdread-0.9.7 ........................................................................................................................................ 987 Libdv-1.0.0 ................................................................................................................................................. 988 Liba52-0.7.4 ............................................................................................................................................... 989 XviD-1.1.3 .................................................................................................................................................. 990 Xine Libraries-1.1.12 ................................................................................................................................. 992 Libmikmod-3.1.11 ...................................................................................................................................... 994 GStreamer-0.10.13 ..................................................................................................................................... 996 GStreamer Base Plug-ins-0.10.13 .............................................................................................................. 999 GStreamer Good Plug-ins-0.10.6 ............................................................................................................. 1001 GStreamer Ugly Plug-ins-0.10.6 .............................................................................................................. 1003 xi

Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.3 libmusicbrainz-2.1.5 ................................................................................................................................. libmpeg2-0.4.1 .......................................................................................................................................... 36. Audio Utilities ......................................................................................................................................... Mpg123-1.4.2 ........................................................................................................................................... Vorbis Tools-1.2.0 ................................................................................................................................... XMMS-1.2.10 ........................................................................................................................................... LAME-3.97 .............................................................................................................................................. CDParanoia-III-9.8 ................................................................................................................................... FreeTTS-1.2.1 ........................................................................................................................................... Audacious-1.3.2 ........................................................................................................................................ Amarok-1.4.8 ............................................................................................................................................ 37. Video Utilities .......................................................................................................................................... FFmpeg-svn_20070606 ............................................................................................................................ Avifile-0.7.45 ........................................................................................................................................... MPlayer-1.0rc1 ......................................................................................................................................... Xine User Interface-0.99.5 ....................................................................................................................... Transcode-1.0.3 ........................................................................................................................................ 38. CD/DVD-Writing Utilities ....................................................................................................................... Cdrtools-2.01 ............................................................................................................................................ Cdrdao-1.2.2 ............................................................................................................................................. UDFtools-1.0.0b3 ..................................................................................................................................... dvd+rw-tools-7.0 ...................................................................................................................................... K3b-1.0.4 .................................................................................................................................................. XI. Printing, Scanning and Typesetting .............................................................................................................. 39. Printing ..................................................................................................................................................... CUPS-1.2.12 ............................................................................................................................................. LPRng-3.8.28 ........................................................................................................................................... AFPL Ghostscript-8.53 ............................................................................................................................ ESP Ghostscript-8.15.4 ............................................................................................................................ Gutenprint-5.0.1 ....................................................................................................................................... 40. Scanning ................................................................................................................................................... SANE-1.0.18 ............................................................................................................................................ XSane-0.994 ............................................................................................................................................. 41. Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) .................................................................................. SGML Common-0.6.3 ............................................................................................................................. DocBook SGML DTD-3.1 ....................................................................................................................... DocBook SGML DTD-4.5 ....................................................................................................................... OpenSP-1.5.2 ............................................................................................................................................ OpenJade-1.3.2 ......................................................................................................................................... DocBook DSSSL Stylesheets-1.79 .......................................................................................................... DocBook-utils-0.6.14 ............................................................................................................................... 42. Extensible Markup Language (XML) ..................................................................................................... DocBook XML DTD-4.5 ......................................................................................................................... DocBook XSL Stylesheets-1.71.1 ........................................................................................................... 43. PostScript ................................................................................................................................................. a2ps-4.14 .................................................................................................................................................. Enscript-1.6.4 ........................................................................................................................................... xii 1005 1007 1009 1010 1011 1013 1015 1017 1019 1022 1025 1027 1028 1031 1033 1039 1041 1044 1045 1047 1049 1051 1053 1055 1056 1057 1060 1063 1065 1068 1070 1071 1075 1077 1078 1080 1082 1084 1087 1089 1091 1093 1094 1098 1101 1102 1105

Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.3 PSUtils-p17 ............................................................................................................................................... GSview-4.8 ............................................................................................................................................... Xpdf-3.02 .................................................................................................................................................. FOP-0.93 .................................................................................................................................................. paps-0.6.8 ................................................................................................................................................. Other PostScript Programs ....................................................................................................................... 44. Typesetting ............................................................................................................................................... teTeX-3.0 .................................................................................................................................................. JadeTeX-3.13 ............................................................................................................................................ A. Creative Commons License ............................................................................................................................ B. Academic Free License v. 2.1 ........................................................................................................................ Glossary ................................................................................................................................................................ Index ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1107 1109 1111 1114 1118 1119 1120 1121 1125 1129 1134 1137 1145

xiii

Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.3

PrefaceHaving helped out with Linux From Scratch for a short time, I noticed that we were getting many queries as to how to do things beyond the base LFS system. At the time, the only assistance specifically offered relating to LFS were the LFS hints (http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/hints). Most of the LFS hints are extremely good and well written but I (and others) could still see a need for more comprehensive help to go Beyond LFS - hence BLFS. BLFS aims to be more than the LFS-hints converted to XML although much of our work is based around the hints and indeed some authors write both hints and the relevant BLFS sections. We hope that we can provide you with enough information to not only manage to build your system up to what you want, whether it be a web server or a multimedia desktop system, but also that you will learn a lot about system configuration as you go. Thanks as ever go to everyone in the LFS/BLFS community; especially those who have contributed instructions, written text, answered questions and generally shouted when things were wrong! Finally, we encourage you to become involved in the community; ask questions on the mailing list or news gateway and join in the fun on #lfs at irc.linuxfromscratch.org. You can find more details about all of these in the Introduction section of the book. Enjoy using BLFS. Mark Hymers markh linuxfromscratch.org BLFS Editor (July 2001March 2003) I still remember how I found the BLFS project and started using the instructions that were completed at the time. I could not believe how wonderful it was to get an application up and running very quickly, with explanations as to why things were done a certain way. Unfortunately, for me, it wasn't long before I was opening applications that had nothing more than "To be done" on the page. I did what most would do, I waited for someone else to do it. It wasn't too long before I am looking through Bugzilla for something easy to do. As with any learning experience, the definition of what was easy kept changing. We still encourage you to become involved as BLFS is never really finished. Contributing or just using, we hope you enjoy your BLFS experience. Larry Lawrence larry linuxfromscratch.org BLFS Editor (March 2003June 2004) The BLFS project is a natural progression of LFS. Together, these projects provide a unique resource for the Open Source Community. They take the mystery out of the process of building a complete, functional software system from the source code contributed by many talented individuals throughout the world. They truly allow users to implement the slogan "Your distro, your rules." Our goal is to continue to provide the best resource available that shows you how to integrate many significant Open Source applications. Since these applications are constantly updated and new applications are developed, this book will never be complete. Additionally, there is always room for improvement in explaining the nuances of how to install the different packages. To make these improvements, we need your feedback. I encourage you to participate on the different mailing lists, news groups, and IRC channels to help meet these goals. Bruce Dubbs bdubbs linuxfromscratch.org BLFS Editor (June 2004December 2006) xiv

Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.3 My introduction to the [B]LFS project was actually by accident. I was trying to build a GNOME environment using some how-tos and other information I found on the web. A couple of times I ran into some build issues and Googling pulled up some old BLFS mailing list messages. Out for curiosity, I visited the Linux From Scratch web site and shortly thereafter was hooked. I've not used any other Linux distribution for personal use since. I can't promise anyone will feel the sense of satisfaction I felt after building my first few systems using [B]LFS instructions, but I sincerely hope that your BLFS experience is as rewarding for you as it has been for me. The BLFS project has grown significantly the last couple of years. There are more package instructions and related dependencies than ever before. The project requires your input for continued success. If you discover that you enjoy building BLFS, please consider helping out in any way you can. BLFS requires hundreds of hours of maintenance to keep it even semi-current. If you feel confident enough in your editing skills, please consider joining the BLFS team. Simply contributing to the mailing list discussions with sound advice and/or providing patches to the book's XML will probably result in you receiving an invitation to join the team. Randy McMurchy randy linuxfromscratch.org BLFS Editor (December 2006Present)

ForewordBLFS version 6.3 is the complement to the LFS 6.3 book. It has been 18 months since the last release of BLFS and almost 12 months since LFS-6.3 was released. Though we would like to release BLFS versions as quickly as possible after an LFS release, this version lagged a bit due to Editor inactivity. However, early on in 2008 several new Editors were brought on board which helped stimulate a flurry of activity. Many new packages have been introduced in the 6.3 version, as well as many updates, refinements and additions to the existing packages. The BLFS book now provides build and configuration instructions for almost 500 packages (many more than that if you want to count each individual package in the autotooled X Window instructions). Some of the new packages introduced in this version are: Dash, ksh, D-Bus bindings, Wireshark (formerly named Ethereal), rxvt-unicode, Gutenprint (formerly name Gimp-Print), Pidgin (formerly name Gaim), GnuTLS (and many of its dependencies), Qt version 4.x, GnuP