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Bharataratna Mokshagundam Viswe^warayaByJANAMADDl HANUMATH SASTRI

January 1991

Price : Rs. 15-00

Cover Design : Sri G. VENKATRAYULU

For Copies :J. HANUMATH SASTRI' Mahati '1 / 1845 GandhinagarKadapa - 516004

J. NAGARAJSahiti Books 8- Fancy Centre


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Biography ; especially of the great and good,who have risen by their own exertfo&s to eminenceand usefulness, is an inspiring and ennoblingstudy. Its direct tendency is to reproduce theexcellence it records

- H MANN

The best portions of a good man's life is hislittle nameless, unremembered acts of kindnessand of love .


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Wardha23rd November, 1934


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Dear Friend,I thank you for your prompt reply. I see that we hold

perhaps diametrically opposite views. My conviction basedupon extensive experience of village life is that in lndiaat any rate for generations to come we shall not be able tomake much use of mechanical power for solving the problemof the evergrowing poverty of the masses. We are toomany and we have so many idle hours at our disposalthat it would be suicidal to make use of mechanical powerand allow human power to run to waste The question ofleisure after toil comes into being when people learn theart of making effective use of their waste hours Such beingmy view the extract that you have sent me from Stalin hasno appeal for me at all. The more expressive extract fromLenin makes matters worse for me It is like much cry andlittle wool. I could be no party to engaging the villagersin producing army machinery and army stores. If India hasno desire to take part in the goary exploitation of un-mechanised regions of the earth, she has no need to fearaggression from foreign countries. My dream will remainwholly unrealised and India may become a willing orunwilling partner in the sin of exploitation. I want to putthe whole of my force that God may vouchsafe to me instemming the onrush of the violent current. I should takedelight in perishing in the attempt.

Inspite of the of I entertain

46 F. Warden Road,Bombay,27th November 1934.


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Dear Mahatmaji,'I am much obliged to you for your letter dated the

r.3rd NovemberYou say we hold perhaps diametrically opposite views.

You are for developing village industries and I favour bothheavy industries and village industries. To the extent thatyou propose to advance village Industries, I am at one withyou I can never persuade myself to take up a hostileattitude towarcs any constructive work, from any quarter,least of all towards work attempted by one with yourbrilliant historic achievements in public life.

You seem to assume that I want to prepare the countryfor exploiting somebody or other. That view is whollyunwarranted. I am in favour of heavy industries at least asstrongly as of village industries, because :

(1) heavy industries will save the money that is goingout of the country in large sums every year ;

(2) heavy industries are required to provide the localmanufacture of machinery and equipment requiredby our Railways and for our Defence Forces ; and

(3) heavy industries are required also for supplyingmachinery and tools for the village Industriesthemselves.

You may be aware that in some years as much as

of living as speedily as possible. The question of distributionof products is no doubt one of some difficulty at present and


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that difficulty is facing the entire civilized world. If a journeyof 100 miles has to be accomplished and there is choicebefore you of a bullock cart or a motor car you certainlywould not choose a bullock cart Neither in America nor inRussia where two opposite types of industrial developmentare being practised is mechanical power undervalued to theextent you proposed to do.

If India has to advance in material prosperity, it shouldbe along lines which have succeeded elsewhere. It is onlyin regard to the methods that we differ; and may I addthat the methods I advocate are suggested by experienceand has today the approval of the civilized woild ?

I have a lot to say but I have no wish to seemcontroversial. If you think heavy indusrries do not requireencouragement, I will not refer to that aspect at all, I willnot on that account oppose your other beneficent plans.

With assurances of high regard,

Yours sincerely,Sd/-

( M. VISVESVARAYA )Mahatma M. K. Gandhi,Wardha.

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