big data analytics for healthcare decision support- operational and clinical

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Copyright © 2015 Splunk Inc. Big Data Analy<cs and Decision Support Adrish Sannyasi, Healthcare Solu<ons Architect

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Copyright  ©  2015  Splunk  Inc.  

Big  Data  Analy<cs  and  Decision  Support  

 Adrish  Sannyasi,    Healthcare  Solu<ons  Architect    

                                                                 Agenda  

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Aim  of  Big  Data  Analy<cs  Opera<onal  Decision  Support  Clinical  Decision  Support  Data  Analy<cs  Infrastructure  and  Methods  

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Triple  Aim:  Healthcare  Delivery  System  

VALUE  =  Outcome  (quality,  safety,  experience)  /  Cost  

Aim  of  Big  Data  Analy<cs  

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Help  Make  Op<mal  Decisions  

Pa<ents   Administrators  and  Policy  Makers  Providers  

Proac,ve   Precise   Predic,ve  

Moving  towards  precise  decision  making  

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VS  

Current  Vs.  Desired  Decision  Support  

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Current  Approach   Desired  Approach  Rule  based  system  High  rate  of  false  alarms  Missed  opportuni<es  

Precise  and  Context  Sensi<ve  

Workflow  Interrup<on   Automated  Data  Collec<ons  

Mainly  structured  EMR  or  Claims  data   Structured  and  Unstructured  data  from  EMR,  sensors,  wearable,  behavior,  and  environmental  data,  and  condi<on  focused  social  network  data.  

One  <me  measurements  of  physiological  sta<s<cs  

Con<nuous  measurements    and  pathway  oriented  measurements  

Low  transparency  and  accountability   Transparent  and  Accountable  to  pa<ents  and  care  team  

Building  a  “Learning  and  Improvement  Engine”  

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Sympathy-­‐Man,  We  could  do  be`er  

   Empathy  –  I  feel  your  pain  

Compassion-­‐  Let  me  help  you  

Source:  HCA  

Big  Data  Analy<cs  must  be:                                                                                                                                                                    

Valid:  hold  on  new  data  with  some  certainty    Useful:  Should  be  ac<onable    Unexpected:  non-­‐obvious  to  consumers    Understandable:  humans  should  be  able  to  interpret    Measurement  is  useful  if  it  facilitates  ac,on.    Measure  what  is  important  to  customer.    

Examples:  Opera<onal  Decision  Support  

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•  Scheduling  and  Staffing  Assistance  •  Predic<ng  and  alloca<ng  service  area  and  unit  capacity  •  Predic<ng  bed/room  requests,  LOS  targets,  transport  services    •  Op<mizing  Asset/Inventory  U<liza<on    •  Reducing  claims  processing  cost,  error,  and  <me  •  Reducing  Fraud,  Waste,  and  Abuse                                    

Opera<ons  Decision  Support  Center:    Air  Traffic  Control  System  for  Opera<onal  Decisions    

•  Modeled  afer  your  security  opera<ons  center  and  IT  opera<ons  center  •  Track  pa<ent  movements  and  oversee  opera<ons  and  throughput  •  Proac<vely  an<cipate  needs  for  services  •  Coordinate  staffing  and  scheduling  •  Coordinate  admissions,  transfers,  discharge  planning  and  execu<on  •  Reduce  cross  departmental  hand-­‐off  issues  

Informa<on  Flow  in  Care  Delivery:  Spagheh    

h`p://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/ar<cles/PMC3002133/  

From  Spagheh  To  Lasagna:  Reduce  Unwarranted  Varia<ons  

§  Source:  processmining.org  

Finding  and  Troubleshoo<ng  Bo`lenecks  

h`p://convergingdata.com  

Healthcare  Service  Delivery  Overview  

h`p://convergingdata.com  

Detect  poten<al  hand-­‐off  issues  

Examples:  Clinical  Decision  Support  

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 •  Be`er  decisions  using  con<nuous  physiological  streaming  data  •  Op<mize  alarm  and  alert  sehngs  in  devices  and  applica<ons  •  Care  Coordina<on  for  complex  co-­‐morbid  condi<ons  •  Hyper-­‐personalized  engagement    •  Crea<ng  checklists  based  on  predic<on  of  cri<cal  events,              early  warning  signs.    

Clinical  Decision  Support  Center:    Air  Traffic  Control  System  for  Clinical  Decisions    

•  Think  of  this  is  like  a  department  like  Radiology  •  Helps  with  near  real  <me  evidence  findings,  implementa<ons,  and  valida<ons  •  Provide  data  driven  opinions  when  no  established  guidelines  exists  •  Help  validate  output  of  analy<cs  with  exis<ng  guidelines  and  evidence  from  clinical  trials.  

Prac<ce  Based  Evidences  (source:  greenbu`on.stanford.edu)  

Prac<ce  Research  

Applying  Evidence  

Genera<ng  Evidence  

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Example  App:  Care  Coordina<on  Assistance-­‐  Find  gaps,  redundancies,  conflicts,  and  interac<ons  and  predict  adverse  events  

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Example  App:  Find  Similar  Pa<ent  Pathway  for  Evidence  Based  Interven<ons  

Virtual  

Physical  

Cloud  

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Healthcare  Data  Is  Time  Oriented  and  Diverse  

EHR  Systems  

Web  Services  

Developers  

App  Support  Telecoms  

Networking  

Desktops  

Servers  

Security  

Devices  

Storage  

Messaging  

Pa<ent  Surveys  

Clickstream  

HIE  

Pa<ent  Networks  

Healthcare  Apps   IT  Systems  and  Med  Devices   Pa,ent-­‐Generated  Data  

Medical  Devices  

CDR  

Mobile  

       PHI  Access  Audit  Logs  

HL7  Messaging  

Sensors  Departmental  

and  Homegrown  Applica<ons    

Disrup,ve  Approach  to  Diverse  Data  What  Happened?   What's  Happening?  

Structured  RDBMS  

SQL/Cube  

Schema  at  Write  

ETL  

Search  

Schema  at  Read  

Universal  Indexing  

Unstructured  

Volume  |  Velocity  |  Variety  

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What  Might  Happen?  

Predict/Prescribe  

Opera,onalize  

Machine  Learning  

Data  Analy<cs  Infrastructure  

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DATA  SOURCES  

IOT  DATA  

IT  DATA  

Acquiring  Enriching  (real  <me)  

In  Mo<on  Data  Acquisi<on,  Analysis,  and  Engagement  (security  and  privacy  monitoring  and  audit)  

Searching  Analyzing  (real  <me)  

Delivering  Engaging  (real  <me)  

At-­‐Rest  Data  Acquisi<on,  Analysis,  Compose,  and  Deploy  (security  and  privacy  monitoring  and  audit)  

 

APPS  DATA  

Data  At-­‐Rest  

Historical  Data  Storage  

Data  Discovery,  Explora<on,  Modeling,  Evalua<on  (At  Rest)  

Compose  and  Deploy  (DevOps)  

Streaming  Data  Storage  

Data  In  Mo<on  

80%  of  healthcare  data  in  unstructured  text  

High  velocity  <me  series  data  from  devices-­‐  different  <me  zones,  different  <me  intervals  

Variety  of  structured  formats  for  the  same  object  

Unit  of  Measures  do  not  match  

Data  Integra<on  and  Normaliza<on  

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Probabilis<c  Methods  to  validate  exis<ng  data  or  fill  in  missing  data    

Data  Analy<cs  Knowledgebase  

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• Computable  Care  Plans  

• Guidelines/Rules  

• Health  System  Workflow  

• Data  Models  

• Ontologies  

•  Treatment-­‐Outcome  data  

Data  Analy<cs  Methods  

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•  What  you  feed  into  the  algorithm  differen<ates  winners  from  averages.  

•  Sophis<cated  techniques  are  generally  worse  than  simple  methods.  

Visualiza<on  Search/Explora<on   Sta<s<cs  and  Machine  Learning  

Sofware  Engineering  

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Data  Analy<cs  Driven  User  Engagement  

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Task  

Bo`lenecks,  Issues  

Knowledge  Integra<on  

User  

Incen<ves,  Habits  

Impacts  of  new  knowledge,  

Trust  

Detail  or  summary  or  

Both  

Responsive  

Adap<ve  

Managed  

People  have  priori,es  beyond  just  geSng  treated.  

Courtesy:  DJ  Pa,l  

Lastly,  do  not  forget  Sofware  Engineering  prac<ces  

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•  Tes<ng  •  Privacy  and  Security  •  Design  and  Refactoring  •  Version  Control  and  Provenances  •  Logs  and  Documenta<ons    •  Produc<on  Deployment  Review  

                                                                 Summary  

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Aim  of  Big  Data  Analy<cs  is  to  help  make  op<mal  decisions-­‐  opera<onal  or  clinical.    

Success    in  analy<cs  requires  mul<-­‐disciplinary  skills.  

Personalize  the  analy<cs  output  to  alter  current  behavior/habits.  

Copyright  ©  2015  Splunk  Inc.  

Thank  You!  

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Adrish  Sannyasi  Splunk,  [email protected]