Big Idea 8: Properties of Matter

SC.4.P.8.2 – Identify properties and common uses of water in each of its states.Department of Mathematics and ScienceOffice of Academics and Transformation

OBJECTIVES

• Recognize and identify the properties of water and it’s common uses.

• Understand phase changes as they relate to water.

Water, Water Everywhere!

What do you know about water?

What are some common uses of water?

What are Common Uses of Water?Liquid State of Water

What are Common Uses of Water?

Solid State of Water

What are Common Uses of Water?Gas State of Water

WHERE DO WE FIND WATER?

• Oceans• Lakes• Rivers• Wetlands• Icecaps• Clouds• Soil• Between rock layers underground

EARTH’S WATER MAKES UP THE HYDROSPERE

• All the liquid water and ice on Earth’s Surface• Liquid water in the ground• Water vapor in the atmosphere

Observing Drops of Water 1. Use an eye dropper to place a single drop of water on a ordinary paper. What happens? Why? 2. Place a single drop of water on waxed paper? What happens? Why? 3. Add another drop of water on the wax paper. Use a toothpick to pull the two drops together. What happens? Then try to pull a drop out. What happens? Why?

What did you learn about water drops?

• Water as a liquid is sticky and elastic. • Water tends to clump together in drops rather than spread

out in a thin film.

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Experiment: How many drops of water can fit on a penny?

• Materials – penny, eyedropper, water• Predict how many drops of water will fit on a

penny. Record.• Then start to add one drop at a time to the

top of the penny. Record.• Did your data support your prediction?• Were you surprised to see how many drops fit on the penny?.

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What are the three States of Water?

• Liquid

• Solid

• Gas

What makes water change state?

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Liquid water changes to steam or water vapor, a gas, when it is heated to its boiling point.

Water vapor is the gas state of water.

From a Liquid to a Gas.

What makes water change state?

From a Solid to a Liquid.

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When you add heat to ice it changes to a liquid. It melts.

Ice is the solid state of water.

If heat energy DECREASES, a gas turns back into a liquid.

When you cool water vapor, it changes to a liquid. It condenses.

From a Gas back to a Liquid.

What makes water change state?

From a Liquid to a Solid.

If heat energy continues to DECREASES, a liquid turns back into a solid.

What makes water change state?

When you cool liquid water, it changes into ice, a solid. It freezes.

Changing States of Water

• Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius, 212 degrees Fahrenheit

• Water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius, 32 degrees Fahrenheit

• http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_chemphys.html

Observing Ice in Water(Record observations in your notebook.)

1. Create a Data Chart: Adding Ice in Water2. Fill a cup with halfway full with water.

3. Take the water’s temperature and record.

4. Add an ice cube to a cup of water. Observe.

5. What does the ice do in the water? Record your observations.

6. After 2 minutes, take the temperature again and record. Repeat after 5 min. Record. After 10 min. Record.

7. Compare the temperature recorded at each of the interval times. What did you observe?

8. What happened to the ice? Division of Academics - Department of Science

Data Chart : Adding Ice in Water

Time Degrees in Celsius Degrees in FahrenheitStartingAfter 2 minutesAfter 5 minutesAfter 10 minutes

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Conclusion:

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What did you observe about WATER as a SOLID - ICE?

• Water as a solid (ice) floats in liquid water.• The ice lowers the temperature of the water

when added.

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Properties of Water• Water is unique in that it is the only natural substance that is

found in all three states -- liquid, solid (ice), and gas (steam) on Earth.

• Water as a liquid is sticky and elastic, and tends to clump together in drops rather than spread out in a thin film.

• Water as a solid (ice) is less dense than liquid water and floats on it.

• Water changes state when enough heat or thermal energy is added to it or removed from it.

• Water changing one from state to another is an example of a physical change.

• Water freezes at 32o Fahrenheit (F) and 0o on the Celsius scale. • Water boils at 212o F and 100o on the Celsius scale.