Welcome to first group Presentation Topic : Why is global language English is the world/ the world in English

BILINGUAL AND MULTILINGUAL EDUCATIONGROUP 4

Yuliadi Melati CitraProf. Dr. M. Zaim, M. Hum.

1DEFINITION AND PURPOSESBilingual and Multilingual educationDifferent things in different placesIn Chinese schoolsGrowing number of Mandarin/English programs for the Han majority and to program that use a combination of Mandarin and a regional languageIn school along the US-MexicoPrograms that teach Spanish-English bilingual children in a single languageBoth English and SpanishIntentionally group together pupils of two distinct language backgroundIn South AfricaAs a mother tongue instruction (L1 medium) throughout school-plus second language taught as a subject to a high level of proficiency (Alidou,et. al, 2006)Purpose To help learners to develop knowledge about a particular cultural group in addition to their ownLanguage Based FramesContent Based FrameContext Based FramesUse Culture

Macro Level- Strong FormIdeological- Weak FormPragmaticOutcomesMacro Levels- SubtractiveCurriculum

-Elite routes- Additive- Folk routes3 Frameworks for understanding billingual and multilingualLanguage based framesFocus on useStrong formsNon-dominant languages are used sparingly, typically to clarify instruction/for interpersonal communication onlyTwo/more language are used for academic purpose; reading and writing in Math, Science and HistoryWeak formsOutcomes Subtractive To support and extend the students home language and additional languages through the systematic and sustained use of both/all as languages instructionThe changes in students abilities to use L1 and additional languages after completing a bilingual or multi lingualAdditive Content-Based FrameControversies Though bilingual and multilingual education assume a language based frame, educators often emphasize the acquisition of academic content.Conceptual and content knowledge Described as De Facto Bilingual EducationThe students who are good at knowledge at L1, they are able to apply the conceptual knowledge to learn additional language.Submersion EducationSink-or swim, submersion programMake no effort to acknowledge or accommodate the special needs of L2 learnersTransitional Bilingual Education (TBE)In the UK as bilingual support (Martin Jones and Saxena, 2003)Temporary used of the students L1/regional language as an academic bridge to highly proficient users of the dominant language, content instruction in the home language The importance of TBE programThe length of time that students are permitted to study in their L1 before being moved into class designed for native speaker of the dominant languageMaintenance Bilingual EducationRefers to upkeep of the non-dominant languageIntended for immigrant pupils thought likely to return home countriesImmersion Refers to program designed to teach content in L2 but not harm the learners L1One way immersionTwo way immersion Community Language TeachingApproach Heritage LanguagePurpose Context-Based TextMacro Level Context Micro Level ContextWastefulIronicHypocriticalRegressive Elite bilingualismFolk bilingualism Integrating The FrameworksLanguage as problem, right and resourceCharacteristics of Effective ProgramLearn best in languagePreparation Challenge School autonomy Agree and supportIn schoolOutside school Roles for Applied LinguisticsHasratHow is the bilingual and multilingal in indonesia related to language as problem,langauge as right and language as resourseNikeIn teaching English in the classsroom, is it ok to use three languages delivering english subject, it is appropriate?LaurieAbout the dichotomy in microlevel context, is ear learner categorized as folk bilingual?WiraIn teaching and learning multilingual Which has the highest effectiveness, e community or real world communityRianAccording to de swaan, there are only 4 group user but in the table there are 6 groups..why and what is the purpose?ElvaWhat is De Swaan background in making langauge Hierarchy?Mikes Suggested to broaden the perspective of bilibgual and multilingual