Bill of Rights

It is a set of rights and privileges of the citizens articulated in the constitutions.

It is a protection of the people against the infringement of the government.

Importance of Bill of RightsIt protects citizen against the

power of government.It outlines what the citizens can

do and cannot do.

It is a boundary between the government and the people.

It is where the rights and privileges of the individuals are defined.

Kinds of Rights

these set of rights are believed to be the rights that are inherently found in the very nature of our existence.

Natural Rights

rights that are found in the constitution.

Constitutional Rights

rights granted by statutes or laws that are passed by congress.

Statutory Rights

these are rights that belong to every individual citizen or to any inhabitant of the state.

Civil Rights

refer to the right to participate in the administration of the government.

Political Rights

The constitutional provisions in the bill of rights are composed of 22 sections which can be located in Article III of the constitution.

Constitutional Provisions

The proper right to invoke whenever confronted with a governmental act of oppressive nature.

Right to Due Process of Law

Substantive and Procedural Due Process

refers to the intrinsic validity of a law.

Substantive due process

can be simply understood by the phrase notice and hearing.

Procedural due process

Difference between Judicial Proceedings and Administrative Proceedings

conducted before Courts of JusticeJudicial Proceedings

those heard by bodies, government agencies or offices

Administrative Proceedings

Right to Equal Protection of the Law

The right to be invoked when threatened by a governmental act which is discriminatory in nature.

Requirements for a Valid Classification• Substantial Distinctions

• Relevance to the Purpose of Law

• Duration

• Applicability to all

Rights against Unreasonable Searches and Seizures

The safeguard against state intrusion also extends not only to an individual’s abode but also his own body and his belongings.

Requirements for a Valid Warrant of Arrest and Search Warrant

• It must be based upon probable cause

• The probable cause must be determined personally by the judge.• The determination must be made after

examination under oath or affirmation of the complainant and the witnesses he may produce.

• It must particularly describe the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized.

• No search warrant shall issue for more than one specific offense.

Warrantless Arrests• In Flagrante Delicto or caught in the act arrest

• In Hot Pursuit

• Escaped Prisoner