bio 102 quiz

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Quiz for Biology 102 from Lord Fairfax Community College.

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Question 1 1 out of 1 points

Which of the following animals uses the largest percentage of its energy budget for homeostatic regulation?

Selected Answer: D. A desert bird

Answers: A. A marine jelly (an invertebrate)

B. A snake in a temperate forest

C. A desert insect

D. A desert bird

E. A hydra

Question 2 1 out of 1 points

Which of the following systems is correctly paired with one of its parts?

Selected Answer: E. Endocrine system / thyroid gland

Answers: A. Respiratory system / heart

B. Circulatory system / lung

C. Integumentary system / kidneys

D. Respiratory system / heart

E. Endocrine system / thyroid gland

Question 3 1 out of 1 points

Hummingbirds are small birds that require a regular food supply. When hummingbirds are faced with a situation that decreases their food supply, such as a storm, which of the following adaptations would be most useful for the bird to survive such an unpredictable and short-term absence of food resources?

Selected Answer: C. torpor

Answers: A. shivering

B. hibernation

C. torpor

D. burrowing into soil

Question 4 1 out of 1 points

An elephant and a mouse are running in full sunlight, and both overheat by the same amount above their normal body temperatures. When they move into the shade and rest, which animal will cool down faster?

Selected Answer: C. The mouse will because it has the higher surface-area-to-volume ratio.

Answers: A. The elephant will because it has the higher surface-area-to-volume ratio.

B. The elephant will because it has the lower surface-area-to-volume ratio.

C. The mouse will because it has the higher surface-area-to-volume ratio.

D. They will cool at the same rate because they overheated by the same amount.

Question 5 1 out of 1 points

Positive feedback differs from negative feedback in that:

Selected Answer: B. the positive feedback's effector responses are in the same direction as the initiating stimulus rather than opposite of it

Answers: A. positive feedback benefits the organism, whereas negative feedback is detrimental

B. the positive feedback's effector responses are in the same direction as the initiating stimulus rather than opposite of it

C. the effector's response increases some parameter (such as body temperature), whereas in negative feedback it can only decrease the parameter

D. positive feedback systems have only effectors, whereas negative feedback systems have only receptors

Question 6 1 out of 1 points

A population's carrying capacity:

Selected Answer: D. May change as environmental conditions change

Answers: A. Can never be exceeded

B. Increases as the per capita growth rate "r" decreases

C. Can be accurately calculated using the logistic growth model

D. May change as environmental conditions change

Question 7 1 out of 1 points

A certain species of seal breeds and rears its young on rocky beaches. Competition for breeding sites is fierce, and males that do not secure a site will not reproduce. This behavior is an example of which mechanism of density-density population regulation?

Selected Answer: E. Territoriality

Answers: A. Competition for resources

B. Toxic wastes

C. Intrinsic factors

D. Predation

E. Territoriality

Question 8 1 out of 1 points

What absolutely essential resource is likely to limit the carrying capacity of Earth for humans?

Selected Answer: C. Water

Answers: A. Oil

B. Raw materials such as metals

C. Water

D. Space

E. Oxygen

Question 9 1 out of 1 points

An ecologist recorded twelve white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, per square kilometer in one woodlot and twenty per square kilometer in another woodlot. What was the ecologist comparing?

Selected Answer: A. density

Answers: A. density

B. dispersion

C. carrying capacity

D. range

Question 10 1 out of 1 points

Uniform spacing patterns in plants such as the creosote bush are most often associated with:

Selected Answer: C. competitive interaction between individuals of the same population

Answers: A. patterns of high humidity

B. the random distribution of seeds

C. competitive interaction between individuals of the same population

D. the concentration of nutrients within the population's range

Question 11 1 out of 1 points

The principle of competitive exclusion states that:

Selected Answer: C. Two species that have exactly the same niche cannot coexist in a community

Answers: A. Competition between two species always causes extinction or emigration of one species

B. Two species will stop reproducing until one species leaves the habitat

C. Two species that have exactly the same niche cannot coexist in a community

D. Competition in a population promotes survival of the best-adapted individuals

E. Two species cannot coexist in the same habitat

Question 12 1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is an example of a commensalism?

Selected Answer: D. cattle egrets eating insects stirred up by grazing bison

Answers: A. fungi residing in plant roots, such as endomycorrhizae

B. bacteria fixing nitrogen in plants

C. rancher ants that protect aphids in exchange for sugar-rich honeydew

D. cattle egrets eating insects stirred up by grazing bison

Question 13 0 out of 1 points

Treehoppers (a type of insect) produce honeydew, which ants use for food. Treehoppers have a major predator, the jumping spider. Researchers hypothesized that the ants would protect the treehoppers from the spiders. In an experiment, researchers followed study plots with ants removed from the system and compared them to a control plot. In the figure attached, what can you conclude? Treehoppers.jpg

Selected Answer: B. Ants eat the honeydew produced by treehoppers

Answers: A. Ants do somehow protect the treehoppers from spiders.

B. Ants eat the honeydew produced by treehoppers

C. Ants reduce the numbers of treehoppers.

D. No specific conclusions can be drawn from this figure.

Question 14 1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is an example of Mllerian mimicry?

Selected Answer: A. two species of unpalatable butterfly that have the same color pattern

Answers: A. two species of unpalatable butterfly that have the same color pattern

B. a day-flying hawkmoth that looks like a wasp

C. a chameleon that changes its color to look like a dead leaf

D. two species of rattlesnakes that both rattle their tails

Question 15 1 out of 1 points

Zoonotic disease:

Selected Answer: B. is caused by pathogens that are transferred from other animals to humans by direct contact or by means of a vector

Answers: A. is caused by suborganismal pathogens such as viruses, viroids, and prions only

B. is caused by pathogens that are transferred from other animals to humans by direct contact or by means of a vector

C. can only be spread from animals to humans through direct contact

D. can only be transferred from animals to humans by means of an intermediate host

Question 16 1 out of 1 points

Red-cheeked salamanders are partially protected from predators because of cardiac glycosides they produce from glands on their back. When ingested, cardiac glycosides disrupt normal heart rhythms. A different salamander species, the imitator salamander, also has red cheek patches, but does not produce cardiac glycosides. It does gain protection from predators that have learned to avoid red cheeked salamanders. How does this relationship affect the population dynamics of both species?

Selected Answer: D. The red cheeked salamander is negatively affected, the imitator is positively affected.

Answers: A. Both species are negatively affected.

B. Both species are positively affected.

C. The red cheeked salamander is positively affected, the imitator is negatively affected.

D. The red cheeked salamander is negatively affected, the imitator is positively affected.

Question 17 1 out of 1 points

Nitrifying bacteria participate in the nitrogen cycle mainly by:

Selected Answer: B. Converting ammonium to nitrate, which plants absorb

Answers: A. Incorporating nitrogen into amino acids and organic compounds

B. Converting ammonium to nitrate, which plants absorb

C. Converting nitrogen gas to ammonia

D. Converting ammonia to nitrogen gas, which returns to the atmosphere

E. Releasing ammonium from organic compounds, thus returning it to the soil.

Question 18 1 out of 1 points

When you eat an apple, you are a:

Selected Answer: E. Primary consumer

Answers: A. Carnivore

B. Primary producer

C. Detritivore

D. Secondary consumer

E. Primary consumer

Question 19 1 out of 1 points

The discipline that applies ecological principles to returning degraded ecosystems to a more natural state is known as _____.

Selected Answer: C. restoration ecology

Answers: A. landscape ecology

B. conservation ecology

C. restoration ecology

D. resource conservation

Question 20 1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem?

Selected Answer: D. all of the organisms and their physical environment in a tropical rain forest

Answers: A. all of the brook trout in a 500-square-hectare river drainage system

B. the plants, animals, and decomposers that inhabit an alpine meadow

C. the intricate interactions of the various plant and animal species on a savanna during a drought

D. all of the organisms and their physical environment in a tropical rain forest

Question 21 1 out of 1 points

Which trophic level is most vulnerable to extinction?

Selected Answer: D. tertiary consumer level

Answers: A. producer level

B. primary consumer level

C. secondary consumer level

D. tertiary consumer level

Question 22 1 out of 1 points

Of the following statements about protected areas that have been established to preserve biodiversity, which one is NOT correct?

Selected Answer: A. About 25% of Earth's land area is now protected.

Answers: A. About 25% of Earth's land area is now protected.

B. Management of a protected area should be coordinated with management of the land surrounding the area.

C. It is especially important to protect biodiversity hot spots

D. National parks are one of many types of protected areas.

E. Most protected areas are too small to protect species.

Question 23 1 out of 1 points

Extinction is a naturally occurring phenomenon that has occurred on Earth since life began. Why are scientists so concerned about extinction now?

Selected Answer: E. All of the listed responses are correct.

Answers: A. One of the greatest periods of mass extinction is occurring now.

B. Human activities are directly responsible for today's mass extinctions.

C. Extinction is occurring faster than ever before and faster than rates at which new species form.

D. Large number of plant species, which form the base of terrestrial food webs, are becoming extinct.

E. All of the listed responses are correct.

Question 24 1 out of 1 points

With regard to the destruction of tropical forests, the focus is often on biodiversity and the impact to these ecosystems. What is a direct benefit to humans that helps explain why these forests need to be preserved?

Selected Answer: B. The diversity could contain novel drugs for consumers.

Answers: A. This diversity could contain undocumented insect species.

B. The diversity could contain novel drugs for consumers.

C. Natural and undisturbed areas are important wildlife habitats.

D. The plant diversity provides shade, which lowers global warming.

Question 25 1 out of 1 points

We should care about loss in biodiversity in other species because of:I) potential loss of medicines and other products yet undiscovered from threatened speciesII) potential loss of genes, some of which may code for proteins useful to humansIII) the risk to global ecological stability

Selected Answer: D. I, II, and III

Answers: A. only I

B. only II

C. only II and III

D. I, II, and III