bio 210 chapter 10 part 2 important skeletal muscles
TRANSCRIPT
BIO 210Chapter 10 Part 2
Important Skeletal Muscles
Warm Up
Define & give an example of each of the following. Prime mover Synergist Antagonist Fixator muscles
Name the muscles of the Quadriceps Group
Name the muscles of Hamstring Group
Warm Up
Define & give an example of a muscle that does each of the following. Prime mover-provides most of the force for a
movement, forearm flexion, biceps brachii. Synergist-assists, i.e.contract at same time as
prime movers, and move the joint the same direction. Brachialis.
Antagonist-muscle that extends the prime mover. Triceps brachii is antagonist for biceps.
Fixator muscles-stabilize a joint. Deltoid.
Name the muscles of the Quadriceps Group Rectus femoris Vastus medialis Vastus lateralis Vastus intermedius
Name the muscles of Hamstring Group Semitendenosus Semimembranosus Biceps femoris
Important Skeletal Muscles
When we talk about muscle actions of the following muscles, we are referring to the action of the prime mover.
Remember that muscles work
together. Prime mover Synergist Antagonist Fixator muscles
MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION
ORBICULARIS OCULI
ZYGOMATICUS MAJOR
ORBICULARIS ORIS
BUCCINATOR
ORBICULARIS OCULI: Closes Eyes (Blinking)
ZYGOMATICUS MAJOR: Pulls Corners of Mouth Upward (Laughing)
ORBICULARIS ORIS: Puckers Mouth (Kissing)
BUCCINATOR: Presses Lips and Cheeks Against Teeth (Blowing, Whistling)
MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
TEMPORALIS: Same as Masseter MASSETER Elevates Mandible (Closes Jaw)
MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE HEAD
STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID Flexes Head ("Prayer Muscle") (When Both Contract) Turns Head to Side (When Each Contracts Alone)
TRUNK MUSCLES - MUSCLES OF THE THORAX NOTE: All of These Muscles Play an Important Role in Respiration.
EXTERNAL INTERCOSTALS Elevates Ribs
INTERNAL INTERCOSTALS Depresses Ribs
DIAPHRAGM Enlarges Thorax
(Causes Inspiration)
TRUNK MUSCLES - MUSCLES OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL
EXTERNAL OBLIQUE
INTERNAL OBLIQUE
TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS
RECTUS ABDOMINUS
CAT ABS!
EXTERNAL OBLIQUE
INTERNAL OBLIQUE
TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS
RECTUS ABDOMINUS
Functions of Muscles of the Abdominal Wall
All Four of These Muscles Have the Following Functions: Compress (Tighten) Abdomen Rotate Trunk Laterally Abdominal muscles play important roles in posture;
they pull pelvis upward which flattens lumbar curve of the spine.
They also aid in defecation, forced expiration,
childbirth, etc.
Rectus abdominus flexes the trunk of the body.
UPPER LIMB MUSCLES –MUSCLES ACTING ON THE SHOULDER GIRDLE: Trapezius & Serratus anterior
TRAPEZIUS
Raises and Lowers Shoulders (Shrugs Shoulders)
CAT TRAPEZIUS, DELTOID, ETC.
1. External oblique 2. Latissimus dorsi 3. Spinotrapezius 4. Acromiotrapezius 5. Clavotrapezius 6. Levator scapulae
ventralis 7. Spinodeltoid 8. Acromiodeltoid 9. Clavodeltoid 10. Triceps brachii
(lateral head) 11. Triceps brachii (long
head)
SERRATUS ANTERIOR
•Pulls Shoulder Forward and Upward (Punching Movements)
UPPER LIMB MUSCLES –MUSCLES ACTING ON THE SHOULDER GIRDLE: Trapezius & Serratus anterior
CAT-SERRATUS ANTERIOR
UPPER LIMB MUSCLESMUSCLES THAT MOVE THE UPPER ARM
Pectoralis majorLatissimus dorsiDeltoid
PECTORALIS MAJOR
Flexes Upper Arm Adducts Upper Arm Anteriorly
(Draws It Across Chest)
CAT PECS
Clavodeltoid Pectoantebrachia
lis Pectoralis major Pectoralis minor Xiphihumeralis
LATISSIMUS DORSI
Extends Upper Arm Adducts Upper Arm Posteriorly (Draws It Across Back)
CAT-LATISSIMUS DORSI
Assists with Flexion and Extension of Upper ArmAbducts Upper Arm
DELTOID
CAT TRAPEZIUS, DELTOID, ETC.
1. External oblique 2. Latissimus dorsi 3. Spinotrapezius 4. Acromiotrapezius 5. Clavotrapezius 6. Levator scapulae
ventralis 7. Spinodeltoid 8. Acromiodeltoid 9. Clavodeltoid 10. Triceps brachii
(lateral head) 11. Triceps brachii (long
head)
MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE FOREARM
BICEPS BRACHII Supinates Forearm
and Hand Flexes Supinated
Forearm
BRACHIALIS& Flexes Pronated
Forearm
MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE FOREARM
BRACHIORADIALIS Supinates Forearm
and Hand Flexes Forearm (Semipronated or
Semisupinated)
TRICEPS BRACHII Extends Forearm
MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE WRIST, HAND, AND FINGERS
SUPERFICIAL FLEXORS
FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS
Flexes Hand
PALMARIS LONGUS Flexes Hand
FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS
Flexes Hand
MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE WRIST, HAND, AND FINGERS
FLEXOR DIGITORUM (SUPERFICIALIS) Flexes Fingers
MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE WRIST, HAND, AND FINGERS
EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS
Extends Hand
Abducts Hand (Moves Toward Thumb Side When Hand Supinated)
EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS
•Extends Hand•Adducts Hand (Moves Toward Little Finger Side When Hand Supinated)
EXTENSOR DIGITORUM• Extends Fingers
MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE WRIST, HAND, AND FINGERS:
MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE WRIST, HAND, AND FINGERS
OPPONENS POLLICIS Opposes Thumb to Fingers
LOWER LIMB MUSCLESMUSCLES THAT MOVE THE THIGH:
ILIOPSOAS
Flexes Thigh Flexes Trunk
LOWER LIMB MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE THIGH:
RECTUS FEMORIS
Flexes Thigh Extends Lower Leg
LOWER LIMB MUSCLESMUSCLES THAT MOVE THE THIGH:
GLUTEAL GROUP
MAXIMUS Extends Thigh
MEDIUS Abducts Thigh
MINIMUS Abducts Thigh
TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE Abducts Thigh
PECTINEUS Adducts Thigh Flexes Thigh
ADDUCTOR GROUP BREVIS LONGUS MAGNUS ALL of These Muscles Adduct the Thigh.
GRACILIS Adducts Thigh Flexes Lower leg
Lower Limb Muscles continued…
TENSOR FASCIAE LATAEAbducts Thigh
1. Sartorius 2. Tensor fasciae latae 3. Gluteus maximus 4. Gluteus medius 5. Caudofemoralis 6. Vastus lateralis 7. Biceps femoris 8. Gastrocnemius 9. Soleus
TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE-CATAbducts Thigh
1. Sartorius 2. Tensor fasciae latae 3. Gluteus maximus 4. Gluteus medius 5. Caudofemoralis 6. Vastus lateralis 7. Biceps femoris 8. Gastrocnemius 9. Soleus
PECTINEUS Adducts Thigh Flexes Thigh
PECTINEUS-CAT
ADDUCTOR GROUP ALL of These Muscles Adduct the Thigh.
BREVISLONGUSMAGNUS
ADDUCTOR GROUP-CATNOTE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CAT AND HUMAN BEING
ADDUCTOR LONGUS
ADDUCTOR FEMORIS
GRACILIS Adducts Thigh Flexes Lower leg
GRACILIS-CAT
MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE LOWER LEG
QUADRICEPS FEMORIS GROUP RECTUS FEMORIS
Extends Lower leg Flexes Thigh
VASTUS LATERALIS VASTUS MEDIALIS VASTUS
INTERMEDIUS ALL Muscles in the
Vastus Group Extend Lower Leg
QUADRICEPS FEMORIS GROUP
RECTUS FEMORIS Extends Lower leg Flexes Thigh
VASTUS LATERALIS VASTUS MEDIALIS VASTUS
INTERMEDIUS deep to rectus
femoris ALL Muscles in the
Vastus Group Extend Lower Leg
QUADRICEPS FEMORIS GROUP
VASTUS INTERMEDIUS deep to rectus
femoris ALL Muscles in the
Vastus Group Extend Lower Leg
QUADRICEPS FEMORIS GROUP-CAT
VASTUS LATERALIS
RECTUS FEMORIS
VASTUS INTERMEDIUS
VASTUS MEDIALIS
SARTORIUS Flexes Lower Leg Permits Sitting in Tailor Fashion
HAMSTRING GROUP BICEPS FEMORIS
Flexes Lower Leg Extends Thigh
SEMITENDINOSUS Extends Thigh
SEMIMEMBRANOSUS Extends Thigh
MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE LOWER LEG
SARTORIUS-Flexes Lower Leg
SARTORIUSPermits Sitting in Tailor Fashion
HAMSTRING GROUP BICEPS FEMORIS
Flexes Lower Leg Extends Thigh
SEMITENDINOSUS Extends Thigh
SEMIMEMBRANOSUS Extends Thigh
HAMSTRING GROUP-CAT BICEPS FEMORIS
REFLECTED IN THIS PIC Flexes Lower Leg Extends Thigh
SEMITENDINOSUS Extends Thigh
SEMIMEMBRANOSUS Extends Thigh
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/ap/cat_dissect/cat_demo/muscular_system/Biceps_femoris_reflected/Biceps_femoris_reflectedindex.html
MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE FOOT
TIBIALIS ANTERIOR Flexes Foot (Dorsiflexion) Inverts Foot (Inversion)
GASTROCNEMIUS Extends Foot (Plantar Flexion) Flexes Lower Leg
SOLEUS Extends Foot
TIBIALIS ANTERIOR Flexes Foot
(Dorsiflexion)
Inverts Foot (Inversion)
GASTROCNEMIUS
Extends Foot (Plantar Flexion)
Flexes Lower Leg
SOLEUS Extends Foot
MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE FOOT-CAT
TIBIALIS ANTERIOR
GASTROCNEMIUS
SOLEUS