Bio 449 Lecture 23 Nov. 1, 2010

Respiratory Physiology IIIAlveolar gas compositionAtmospheric gasesPartial pressuresEffects of ventilation patternAnatomical dead spaceAlveolar gases

Blood Gas Transport IBlood compositionOverviewHemoglobinDiffusion of gasesPartial pressures IIAlveolar-blood gradientsOxygen transportOxygen affinity

Terms to KnowPartial pressure Tidal volumeAnatomical dead spaceMinute ventilationAlveolar ventilation PlasmaErthyrocytes (red blood cells or RBC's) Hematocrit Hemoglobin Heme Globin Oxygen carrying capacity Oxygen affinityOxygen saturation curve

ReadingsLectures 23-24: Chapter 16, pages 547-558Chapter 18

Alveolar gas composition

Atmospheric gases

Partial pressures

Alveolar ventilation

Alveolar ventilation

Fig. 17-14

2

3

4

1

150

150mL

350

150

2700 mL

2200 mL

2200 mL

150mL

2200 mL

150mL

150

350

Alveolar gases

Blood Gas Transport

Blood composition

100%

� 58%plasmavolume

42%packedred cellvolume

<1%whitecells

MALES FEMALES

Hematocrit 40%–54% 37%–47%

Hemoglobin (g Hb/dL* blood) 14–17 12–16

Red cell count (cells/µL) 4.5–6.5 x 106 3.9–5.6 x 106

Total white cell count (cells/µL) 4–11 x 103 4–11 x 103

Differential white cell count

Neutrophils 50%–70% 50%–70%

Eosinophils 1%–4% 1%–4%

Basophils <1% <1%

Lymphocytes 20%–40% 20%–40%

Monocytes 2%–8% 2%–8%

Platelets (per µL) 150–450 x 103 150–450 x 103

*1 deciliter (dL) = 100 mL

Fig. 16-3

Blood composition

Fig. 16-1

BLOOD

Gases such as

such asPlasma

Ions

Trace elementsand vitamins

O2

CO2

Proteins

Glucose

Lipids

Nitrogenouswaste

Globulins

Fibrinogen

Amino acids Albumins

Organicmolecules

Water

iscomposed

of

Blood composition

Cellularelements

Red bloodcells

Whiteblood cells

Platelets

Lymphocytes

Monocytes

Neutrophils

Eosinophils

Basophils

include

m 0

5

10

15

BLOODis

composedof

Fig. 16-1

Hemoglobin

Chain

Hemegroup

R = additional C, H, O groups

Porphyrinring

Chain

Fig. 18-8

Diffusion of gases

Oxygen transport