bio-economics supply and demand according to chance

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Bio-Economics Supply and Demand According to Chance

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Bio-Economics Supply and Demand According to Chance. 1) Oxygen and Mitochondria 2) In Vitro to In Vivo Measurements 3) MRI to Optical Imaging. Grand Unified Theory of Britt. Demand. Supply. Balance and Feedback. Economics: Supply and Demand. Balance and Feedback. Price. Demand. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Core X:Name Here

Bio-Economics

Supply and Demand According to Chance

1) Oxygen and Mitochondria

2) In Vitro to In Vivo Measurements

3) MRI to Optical Imaging

Grand Unified Theory of Britt

SupplyDemandBalance and Feedback

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_and_demandIncreased Demand: higher costUnless Supply reacts to meet demand

DemandQuantityPriceEconomics: Supply and DemandBalance and FeedbackSupply: G(BC)P

70503010Pubs/yearResults: 1478Times cited: 68,155Ave. citations per: 46.11h-index: 122 d pulse ~60 yrsImpact: ~3d ~200 yrsDemand

1500Citations/year1000Results: 1478Times cited: 68,155Ave. citations per: 46.11h-index: 122 d pulse ~60 yrsImpact: ~3d ~200 yrs

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_and_demand

Increased Demand: higher Metabolic costUnless Supply reacts to meet demand

SupplyDemandQuantityPriceBio-Economics: Supply and DemandCell-Vascular Coupling DiseasesCoronary Artery Disease, Peripheral Vascular Disease, Cancer, Neurological Disease, Diabetes Consequences (causes)Restricted blood flow to tissue Cellular O2 demand cannot be metIschemia, hypoxia, necrosisROS generationImpaired cellular function, mitochondrial disease

Causes (consequences)Decreased vessel compliance, remodelingendothelial/eNOS damage, impaired reactivity, 8Cell-Vascular Coupling DiseasesQuantify tissue oxygen consumption, perfusion Perturbations: Occlusion, breathing, exercise...

Individual Physiology: detection, diagnosis, therapy response

BC Pioneered Optical Measurements9Intrinsic Signal Optical Imaging

Remove skin/muscle, thin skull. Mechanical Movement of C2 Whisker. 5 deflections at 5 Hz. Illuminate with 630 nm light. Measure change in remitted light.

Grinvald, Lieke, Frostig, Gilbert, and Wiesel, Nature, 1986.

WhiskerStimulatorLens

Ron Frostig, UCI Hemodynamic Response stimulation

Initial DipOvershoot (BOLD)Undershoot

1 mm630 nm light (deoxy Hb)t ~ 1 st ~ 4 st ~ 7 sSpatial Frequency Domain Imaging (SFDI)Rd (fx)Spatial Frequency, fx (mm-1)

a, s'Cuccia et. al., Opt Lett, (2005)Cuccia et. al., JBO (2009)

10photondensitydepthTissueTissueStructured lightSFDI Implications:

Optical Property Mapping

Depth-Resolved ImagingTissue: a low-pass spatial filter12

Hyperspectral SFDIL. Gao, R. T. Kester, and T. S. Tkaczyk,Opt. Express 17, 12293-12308 (2009).Full images (350 x 350 pixels) of 46 Wavelengths at 5 Hz.

Close upPhoto of Mapper

Soren Konecky

Tomasz TkaczykIntrinsic Signal Tomograpy

depthBlack & White: Baseline

Color: Functional Change

increasedecrease-110.5-0.5

Biomedical Optics Before Chance (B.C.)

Light SourceDetectorcuvettepre-1987 Biomedical Optics Chance Era (C.E.)

No Cuvette (too expensive)

Abundant supply of body parts

Time-shared laser sources (off time saves $$)

RF electronics = Radio Shack

Grand Unified Theory of Britt

SupplyDemand

New Unit of Measure:1 BCU = 100 mW/cm2

~Max exposure intensity for biotissue damage

BCU: Max intensityAt the limit

Photons are Cheaper$106/Tesla$10-14/photon