bio-energy from forests in sweden – current use and · pdf filebio-energy from forests...
TRANSCRIPT
TEK
NIK
Skogforsk – the Forestry Research Institute of Sweden
The central research body of the Swedish Forestry Sector Two principal areas: Forest production & Wood supply.Wide field of research: tree breeding, forest technology, environmental impact and conservation, organizational structures etc. Some 60 ResearchersFinanced jointly by government and the Institute’s members 100 millions/year in turnoverwww.skogforsk.se
TEK
NIK
Forests and Forestry - SwedenForest covered land 60 % Scots pine(39%) Norwegian Spruce(45 %) Birch(10%) The forest is the most important natural resource20 % of Swedish export income, gives employment to about 100.000 peopleOver half of the forest area is owned by private, small scale forest owners. Forest companies own 40 %, the State and other public organisations own the restPublic access by customary rights provides for forest multi functionality
TEK
NIK
Example: Skogforsk Conference – ”Teknik 2006” 30-1 nov/dec
Theme:How do we deal with rapidly expanding
supply of wood fuel?
Bioenergy is hothot!
TEK
NIK
Forest fuel:
Energy supplied from Forest fuel (TWh/year)
26
31
35Wood fuel
chips, sawdust,barkBlack liquors
TEK
NIK
Wood fuel…
…contributes with some 30 TWh yearly or 6 % of the overall energy supply …includes
Non industrial round wood ~3 TWhFire wood (private) ~12 TWhTall oil pitch ~3 TWh Logging residue/slash/GROT ~12 TWh
Stumps? Small dimension trees?
TEK
NIK
Demand
Oil Commission 2006 ”Sweden independent of oil 2020”
Market forcesOngoing conversion into bio fuel fed plants…30 new bio fuel fed plants planned 2006-2011.Potential volymes are used several times in the supply calculations for these…Forestry are looking closer into using slash inhouse…
…shortage of volymes!?
TEK
NIK
Slash piling +5-10 TWh Stump harvesting +5-10 TWhSmall dimension trees +5 TWh
Potential wood fuel energy
…something like 50-80% more than we make use of today!
+15-25 TWh
TEK
NIK
The market of wood fuel energySupply -5 large scale producers– Naturbränsle
(Mellanskog)– Norrbränsle (SCA)– SEAB (StoraEnso)– Sveaskog– Södra energi (Södra
skogsägarna)
Demand - Consumers of energy– District heating (+power
generation)– Households (fire wood)– Forest industry…
Contractors- Wood fuel entrepreneurs- Loggers- Truckers
TEK
NIK
System used
4Crushing + storing
(Chipping + storing)slash on truckForwarder
6Deliverytruck-mounted chipperForwarder
78DeliveryPossible storing
Chipping + container truckForwarder
12DeliveryPossible storingContainer truck
Chipper mounted on forwarder
%CustomerTerminalLandingCutting area
TEK
NIK
Terminal storing
Storing at terminal is decreasing rapidly
Chips – losses in qualitySlash – fungusBundles – little problems
TEK
NIK
2. Stumps
Stumps are being harvested at experimental level in Sweden and……we look closely into Finnish experiencesGudrun Storm sitesBiological effects?
TEK
NIK
3. Small dimensional trees
Cleaning, thinning, power lines, road embankments…Nothing is taken care of today
”the Younger Stand - problem”Nutrition balances in young stands?
Multi stem processing – the road to success!?
TEK
NIKNeed to review the whole supply system:
Techniques MethodsProcessesOrganisational structuresBusiness concepts