INTRODUCTION:

Catalase is an enzyme found in most living cells and it is very specific in its reaction (redox reaction), which break down hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. Redox reaction also took place in the photosynthesis and cellular respiration. From photosynthesis, we can see the redox occur during the photolysis of water. One of the end products of photosynthesis is carbohydrate which is used in cellular respiration. So we can relate that redox reaction, cellular respiration and also photosynthesis are important and relate to each others.

METHODS:

1) The apparatus was set up as in the pictures

RESULTS:

CONCLUSION:

The increasing in circumferences of the balloon was due to the

releasing of carbon dioxide by the yeast during the respiration

process. This shown that, the present of sugar in coca-cola and

orange juice contributes to the cellular respiration of the yeast. So, the

hypothesis is accepted

ABSTRACT:

By conducting this mini project, we can observe the redox reaction by comparing the catalase activity in chicken liver and carrot in different condition (temperature and pH). Besides that, we also observed the cellular respiration in yeast and we also separating and comparing the chlorophyll pigments in Ipomoea aquatic and Graptophyllum pictum griff

REFERENCES:

1) Gerald C.Karp (2014). Cell Biology seventh edition. John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd 2) Retrieved from http://www.biologyjunction.com/paperchromatographyreport.htm

3) Retrieved from http://www.biologycorner.com/worksheets/enzyme_lab.html 4) Retrieved from http://www.scientificamerican.com

Group Members: Siti Farah Wahida binti Ismail (2014773321), Nur Farah Hanim bt Mohd Sahar (2014596757), Nurul Afiqah Mohd Razali (2014795327),

Fitriani binti Russani (2014983445), Nurul Najwa Jaafar (2014963137)

Lecturer : Cik Nur Hilwani binti Ismail

Group : ED2471A

1) 200ml orange juice + 11g dry

yeast

2) 200ml coca-cola + 11g dry

yeast

3) 200ml distilled water + 11g

dry yeast

Conical flask

Circumferences of the balloons after 5

minutes intervals (cm)

0s 5s 10s 15s 20s

Orange juice + yeast 15 21 24 30 30

Coke + yeast 15 25 29 35 40.5

Distilled water + yeast 15 15 15 15 15

METHODS:

1) The apparatus was set up as in the diagram

RESULTS:

CONCLUSION:

In this experiment we can see that both of the samples had variety of color and Rf values which

gave different pigments in chlorophyll. In Graptophyllum pictum griff we were able to see an

extra pigment which is Anthocyanins (purple). So, the hypothesis is accepted

1) A drop of chlorophyll extract (pigment mixture spot) was

dropped and dried. The step was repeated until got 10 drops

of chlorophyll extract at the same point

2) 10 ml of petroleum ether (solvent) had been measured and

poured into test tube

3) The chromatography paper was placed in the test tube with

the tip of the paper dipped into the petroleum ether

4) The apparatus was setup for two chlorophyll extracts

(Ipomoea aquatic and Graptophyllum pictum griff extracts)

Pigments

Distance moved

by pigment

from origin (cm)

Distance moved

by solvent

from origin (cm)

Rf values

Types of

pigments

Ipomoea

aquatica

Graptophyllum

pictum griff

Ipomoea

aquatica

Graptophyllum

pictum griff

Ipomoea

aquatica

Graptophyllum

pictum griff

A 7.80 7.50 8.00 7.90 0.98 0.95 Carotene

B 7.00 7.00 8.00 7.90 0.88 0.89 Xanthophylls

C 4.50 4.00 8.00 7.90 0.56 0.51 Chlorophyll a

D 3.30 3.50 8.00 7.90 0.41 0.44 Chlorophyll b

E - 3.00 - 7.90 - 0.38 Anthocyanin

Pigment name Visible color Rf

Carotene Orange 0.90-0.98

Xanthophyll Yellow 0.85-0.89

Chlorophyll a Light green 0.46-0.56

Chlorophyll b Dark green 0.40-0.46

Anthocyanin Purple 0.28-0.38

METHODS:

1) The apparatus was set up as in the diagram below

RESULTS:

CONCLUSION:

Catalase reacts with hydrogen peroxide in the catalytic reaction forming O2 and two

molecules of water as its products.

2H2O2 =2H2O + O2

The fresh chicken liver and carrot has the best catalase reactions as the water level in the

measuring cylinder was gradually decreased. This is due to the formation of oxygen gas by

the catalytic reaction. So, the hypothesis is accepted

1) 5ml of hydrogen peroxide, H2O2 were inserted by

using the syringe into the boiling tube containing

sample acted as catalase.

2) The boiling tube was secured tightly right after the

H2O2 was inserted and the stop watch was started

3) The reading of water level in the measuring tube

was recorded in 5 seconds intervals

4) The experiment was repeated with different type of

samples

Types of sample

The Height of Water Level after 5 Seconds

Intervals (ml)

0s 5s 10s 15s 20s 25s 30s

Fresh chicken liver 10.00 9.50 8.50 7.00 5.50 4.00 2.00

Cooked chicken liver 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00

Chicken liver soaked in vinegar 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00

Fresh carrot 10.00 9.80 9.00 8.50 7.80 6.50 6.00

Cooked carrot 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00

Carrot soaked in vinegar 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00