Advanced Application of Computer Aided Manufacturing

Body Organ 3D Printer(Bio Ink Printer)

Prepared ByNikhilkumar MistryViralkumar Jayswal

Karthik Kanna

117,521 people in US in need of organ. Hostilities in Singapore despite HOTA. Kidneys, hearts, livers, lungs are most

coveted. Organs not usable despite donation.

The Coveted Organs

Every tissue in the body is naturally

compartmentalized of different cell types. Using 3D Bio-printing for fabricating biological

constructs typically involves dispensing cells onto a biocompatible scaffold using a successive layer-by-layer approach to generate tissue-like three-dimensional structures.

3D Bioprinting

Bio-printing is an automated computer aided

layer-by-layer deposition of biological materials for manufacturing of functional human organs.

Artificial Bio-printers have already been built. NovoGen MMX® built by Organovo and

Invenech.

3D Bio PrintingFiction meets reality

Bioprinting

Cells are used like "ink“ Basically, once a tissue design is selected, the company

makes "bio-ink" from the cells. Using a NovoGen MMX bioprinter, the cells are layered

between water-based layers until the tissue is built. Hydrogel in between layers is sometimes used to fill

spaces in the tissue or as supports to the 3D printed tissue. Collagen is another material used to fuse the cells together. This layer-by-layer approach is very similar to the normal 3D printing process, where products are built from the ground up.

Bioprinting

deconstructed Intrinsic nature of cells to coalesce1, tissues to

self-assemble2 and fluidity of embryonic tissues3.

Organ printing mimics the natural biological process of embryonic cellular fusion.

Bioprinting process

flow

Bioprinting process

flow

Bioprinting process

flow

Bio-printing Roadmap

250 min cells and collagen from rat tail make

human ear in 15 min. Post-processing 3 months. To serve children with hearing loss due to malformed outer ear.

Layer-by-layer building of scaffold and deposition of kidney cells. Assembly to be transplanted into patient. Degradation of scaffold to follow in-vivo.

Rigid but non-toxic sugar filaments form core. Cells deposited around filaments. Subsequent blood flow dissolves sugar.

Current Progress

laser scan wound to determine depth and

area. One inkjet ejects enzymes and second, cells. Layer is finally sealed by human skin cells. Useful in war and disaster zones.

Print scaffold with ceramic or Titanium powder. After 1 day in culture of human stem cells, its ready. Repair of complex fractures in accident survivors.

Current Progress

Bio-ink, scaffolds and Biocompatible materials

manufacturers. 3D Bio-printers manufacturers. Hospitals & insurance companies (no longer

need to spend money on transplant logistics). Stem-cell harvesting and storage business. Surgical supplies companies. Computer aided design (CAD) software

companies.

Positively Impacted Industries

Kidney dialysis industries. Companies that supply blood sugar testing

supplies. Companies that produces and supplies insulin,

pills and insulin pumps. Companies that sell pacemakers, new heart

valves. Organ replacement logistics.

Negatively Impacted Industries

Bio-printing -

Forecast

Takes less time than lab-grown artificial organs, therefore,

future demand looks bright. However, organ printing has certain disadvantages and

limitations compared to lab-grown organs. Lab-grown organs get to take the time for the different

cell types to start integrating and function with each other while organ printing does not give quite the same opportunity.

In 10 years, the number of patients that require organs will have doubled.

Many challenges ahead and aspects left to improve before commercialization of organ printing.

Pro’s and Con’s

Vascularization, scaling, the interaction between

the different cell types, well-functioning organs that can be integrated into the patient’s body.

From a systems engineering point of view, it will require more than bio-printers to produce complex tissues and organs.

Bio-printers alone will not be enough for producing the artificial organs. Steps such as fusion, assembling, remodeling, maturing are required.

Quality control a crucial matter!!!

Pro’s and Con’s

www.techrepublic.com www.organovo.com www.3ders.org

References

Questions?Thank you