bio-processing of green bamboo textile
TRANSCRIPT
BY:- HATHISINGWALA MOH.JAVED Y ME part: III/IV
Under the Guidance of:- Dr. J.N SHAHYear-2014
Department of Textile ChemistryFaculty of Technology & Engineering
The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda 20th AUGEST-2014
STUDIES ON BIO-PROCESSING
OF GREEN BAMBOO TEXTILES
IntroductionScope Of The Present Study Literature ReviewPlan Of WorkExperimentalResults & DiscussionSummary & ConclusionsReferencesAcknowledgement
Presentation Out line
Bio processing - great potential for industriesThe bulk part of textile production migrates to the
developing world, partially because of stricter environmental regulations in the industrialized countries. The developing world has the possibility to create a unique competitive advantage by promoting environmentally sustainable production process based on Biotechnology
Bamboo plant does not need any pesticides & insecticides & fungicide to grow of plant so it’s called as green plant.
Textiles made of bamboo fiber are eco-friendly.
Introduction
Classification of Natural Textile Fibers
Bamboo is the general name used for a number of perennial, woody-stemmed grasses
They are a popular landscape plant because they grow rapidly, are evergreens, and create a tropical or exotic atmosphere.
They are often marketed as alternative, fast-growing privacy screens. Basically bamboo is a grass; it is the world’s fastest growing ‘Woody Plant’.
BAMBOO PLANT
Manufacturing process of bamboo fibers
Mechanical Chemical
Mechanical
Bamboo plant is crushed into a pulp
Natural enzymes are used to form a mushy substance
Fibers are combed out
Fibers are spun into yarn
Flow Chart of Bamboo Fibre Manufacturing by Mechanical Means
Chemically
Bamboo leaves & trunk are extracted and crushed.
Crushed bamboo cellulose is soaked in a solution of 20% NaOH at a temp at 20°C for 3 hours to form alkali cellulose.
Then pressed to remove any excess NaOH solution.
The alkali cellulose is crushed by a grinder and left to dry for 24 hours.
CS2 is added to the bamboo alkali cellulose to sulphurize the compound and become jelly.
……..Chemically
Remaining CS2 is removed by evaporation
Formation of cellulose sodium xanthogenate
A diluted solution of NaOH is added to the cellulose sodium xanthogenate dissolving it to create a viscose solution
consisting of about 5% NaOH and 7% to 15% bamboo fiber cellulose.
The viscose bamboo cellulose is forced through spinneret nozzles into a large container of a diluted H2SO4 solution.
It hardens the viscose bamboo cellulose sodium xanthogenate and reconverts it to cellulose bamboo fibers which are spun
into yarns to be woven.
MECHANICALLY AND CHEMICALLY PROCESSED BAMBOO FIBER
Mechanically Chemically
Chemical composition
Cellulose ; 73.83
Hemicellulose 12.49
Lignin 10.15
Pectin 0.37 Aqueous extract 3.16
REFRENCE:- Wang Y. “Structure of Bamboo Fibre for Textiles”. Textile Research Journal.2009; 334-343.
Bamboo textile spinning and weaving
Typical Layout of Wet Spinning Process WEAVING
Bamboo fibers have some properties that are not feasible i.e. it is sensitive to moisture regain and become weak as it moisture regain increase. So during the whole process the suitable rate of moisture regains is 8%-9%.
Morphological structure
The Longitudinal View of Bamboo Fiber Bundle
Absence of nodes on the surface The surface of bamboo single fibre is rough with
tree bark stripes
REFRENCE:- Dr Shah J N and Dr Shah S R. ˝Bamboo: The Green Fibre of 21st Century; Characteristics and Structure”. Bangladesh Textile Today.Dec.2012; 39.
Crystalline structureAccording to results of XRD, although the
crystalline structure of the bamboo fiber belongs to cellulose I, it is not the same as those of flax, cotton and ramie completely.
Fine Structure
XRD Graphs of the Fibers: Bamboo Fiber, Flax, Ramie and Jute Fibers
In the angle of diffraction peaks, quite similar to that of wood, which shows overlapping of the diffraction peaks at (101) and (101) lattice plane.
It may be because of a high percentage of amorphous hemi cellulose and lignin in the bamboo fiber. In addition, the degree of crystallinity of the bamboo fibers is lower than those of the flax and cotton, and similar to that of jute.
The low degree of crystallinity (52.54%) for the bamboo fiber may be due to lot of substances grown with cellulose resultantly disturbing the formation of the cellulose crystalline structure during the growth of bamboo and about 20% of lignin and hemi cellulose residuals in fiber will effect testing results to some extent
REFRENCE:- Dr Shah J N and Dr Shah S R. ˝Bamboo: The Green Fibre of 21st Century; Characteristics and Structure”. Bangladesh Textile Today.Dec.2012; 39
Degree of polymerization (DP) DP of the bamboo fiber is close to that of the jute fiber, but lower
than those of flax and ramie, and far lower than that of cotton. The lower DP would usually lead to lower tenacity for the fibers.
The DP of cellulose in fiber also is dependent on its surroundings. Higher the lignin content is in the plant, the lower the DP of cellulose may be because of disturbance created by the non-cellulose substances during polymerization, this can be proved by the group of weak cellulose characteristic absorption peaks at the wave numbers of 1032–1158cm–1 in the infrared spectrum of the bamboo fiber (figure-10), also, by fibre size
The Infrared Spectra of the Fibers
BENEFITS OF BAMBOO FIBER & FABRIC
Anti-bacterialUV protection
High moisture Absorption
Air Permeability
Natural Health Protection
Suppleness & Smoothness
Breathable & coolSTRONG
FLEXIBLEGreen & biodegradable
AntisepticsReducing Radiation
Soft & Shiny appearance
Wear resistance
Velour feeling
Limitations of Bamboo TextileCost is high compare to
cottonFabric tend to shrink
more than all cotton fabrics, therefore special laundering
may be required.
Bamboo Intimate Apparels
Bamboo Non-Woven Textile
• Bamboo Bathroom Series
• Bamboo Baby Wear
Applications of Bamboo Textile
Bamboo Shoes
The present study we carried out pretreatment, dyeing & finishing of bamboo fabric MANUFACTURED FROM natural resources.
EnzymesNatural dye
Natural finishing agent
Comparison of the results between natural wet processing & conventional wet processing of bamboo fabric
Main object is to produced 100% eco-friendly bamboo fabric ---- NO hazards chemicals.
Save energy & eliminate harmful effect of effluent to preserve the green status of earth.
Scope of present study
Safer reactions
Used of renewable raw materials
Sustain biodegradability
Literature surveyed based on green status of bamboo textile. Manufacturing of bamboo fiber
Conventional process of bamboo textile & it’s involves hazard Development of areas of bamboo fiber processing
Green wet processing of textiles. Bamboo processing presently is not eco-friendly We survey the eco-friendly process & also various enzymes to eliminate sodium hydroxide with enzymes. We survey the three natural dye which produced some herbal properties on bamboo textile. We survey natural finishing agent ALOE VERA which impart the special antimicrobial
properties on bamboo textile.
Literature review
Out come of Literature review oxidative bleaching are carried out using hydrogen peroxide in
conventional method.
Enzymes is a specialized protein produced within an organism which is capable of catalyzing specific chemical reaction i.e. hydrolysis, oxidation, reduction, etc.
Factors affecting enzyme activity are effect of temperature, Effect of pH, Effect of activators, Redox potential,
In the present study hemicellulase, cellulase & pectinase enzymes are used to process of eco-friendly pretreatment of bamboo fabric.
Pectinases capable of hydrolyzing pectinic substances are generally enzyme complexes containing esterases and depolymerases with random or terminal activities.