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BIOBASED PRODUCTS FACTS AND FIGURESSeptember 2016

CULTIVATIONRESOURCESPRODUCTS

by decision of theGerman Bundestag

With support from

http://international.fnr.de

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Cultivation of renewable resources in Germany in

CULTIVATION OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES

Land use in Germany

Cultivation of renewable resources in Germany

Source: FNR based on Statistisches Bundesamt, BMEL (2015) © FNR 2016

Source: FNR (2015) © FNR 2016

Source: FNR (2015) * Estimate

Crops Raw material 2014 2015*

Indu

stria

l cro

ps

Starch crops 92,500 93,000

Sugar crops 10,000 10,000

Rapeseed oil 140,000 140,000

Sunflower oil 8,500 9,000

Linseed oil 3,500 3,500

Fibre plants 750 750

Medical plants/vegetable dyes 12,000 12,000

Industrial crops total 267,250 268,250

Ener

gy cr

ops

Rapeseed for biodiesel/plant oil 649,000 616,000

Sugar and starch for bioethanol 188,000 184,000

Crops for biogasthereof maize

1,375,000876,500

1,393,000894,000

Crops for solid biofuels 10,500 10,500

Energy crops total 2,222,500 2,203,500

Total cultivation of renewable resources 2,489,750 2,471,750

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015*

2,600

2,400

2,200

2,000

1,800

1,600

1,400

1,200

1,000

800

600

400

200

0

in 1,000 hectare

CULTIVATION OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES IN GERMANY

184 Bioethanol

Source: FNR (2015); © FNR 2015 *Estimate

93 Starch crops10 Sugar crops

12 Medical plants and vegetable dyes

153 Oil crops<1 Fibre plants

616 Biodiesel/ vegetable oil

Biogas 1,393

Solid biofuels 11

2,472Total cultivationin 1,000 hectare

268 INDUSTRIAL USE

2.204 ENERGY USE

CULTIVATION OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES IN GERMANY

2014 and 2015 (in hectare)

Source: FNR based on Statistisches Bundesamt, BMEL (2015) © FNR 2015

Feed

∑

Food

Energy crops

Total area Germany Agricultural area

26 %

13 %Industrial crops2 %

Fallow & land set aside 1 %

58 %Agricultural area

Settlement area,tra�c area,water area,wasteland

21 %47 %

32 %

. m ha

Forest area

LAND USE IN GERMANY


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WOODGERMAN FOREST IN FIGURES

Source: BMEL (2014) © FNR 2015

Beech

Oak

Total area Germany Most common tree speciesin German forests

Pine22.3 %

15.4 %

10.3 %

Spruce25.4 %

Forest area31.9 %11.4 m ha

German forest in figures

GROWTH OF THE TIMBER STOCK IN GERMAN FORESTS

Source: BWi3 (2014) © FNR 2014

Stock balance in m m³

2002

2012

1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000

Stock Growth Stock-build-up Outflow (usage, harvest loss, deadwood)

0

Stock 20023,436

Growth 1,252

Outflow 1,091

Stock 20123,663

161

Growth of the timber stock in German forests

Source: BMEL (2014) © FNR 2015

Source: BWi3 (2014) © FNR 2014

For the accounting of wood raw materials by the method of the extend-ed accounting initially the use of wood raw materials for each branch is taken individually and summed up (consumption side). Physical double countings are taken into account by balance sheet extension.

Use of wood in Germany 2010

Source: „Holzrohsto�bilanz Deutschland 2010“ (2012) © FNR 2012

USE OF WOOD IN GERMANY 2010

Total135.5 m solid m³

Bioenergy 68.4 m m³

16.9 m m³ Woodmaterials

2.3 m m³ Others

10.6 m m³ Celluloseand wood pulp

Sawing industry 37.3 m m³

14.1 m m³ Other wood raw materials

4.7 m m³ Bark

15.0 m m³ Sawmillby-products

WOOD RAW MATERIAL BALANCE 2010

Source: „Holzrohsto�bilanz Deutschland 2010“ (2012) © FNR 2014

5.8 m m³ Industrialresidual wood

14.0 m m³ Wastewood

Total135.4 m m3

Trunk wood, 81.8 m m³other merchantable wood,residual forest wood

Wood raw material balance 2010

Source: “Holzrohstoffbilanz Deutschland 2010” (2012) © FNR 2014

Source: “Holzrohstoffbilanz Deutschland 2010” (2012) © FNR 2012


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RESOURCES TOTAL

Material use of renewable resources in Germany 2013

Material use of carbohydrates in Germany 2013

Source: FNR, BMEL (2015) © FNR 2016

MATERIAL USE OF CARBOHYDRATES IN GERMANY 2013

Paper starch 45 %643,000 t

22 % Chemical starchand sugar327,000 t

10 % Natural �bers137,000 t

23 % Chemical pulp335,000 t

Total1.442 m t

Without timber use

Material use of other biogenic resources in Germany 2013


MATERIAL USE OF OTHER BIOGENIC RESOURCES IN GERMANY 2013

Cork 4 % 33,400 t 27 % Glycerol

209,100 t

Natural rubber 31 % 238.000 t

14 % Waxes, resins, tannins109,300 t

Total774,000 t

Other biogenic resources 24 %183,800 t


MATERIAL USE OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES IN GERMANY 2013

Fats 1.2 m tand oils

0.8 m t Others

1.4 m t Carbohydrates

Total3.4 m t

Development of the material use of renewable resources in Germany




Source: FNR, VCI (2015) © FNR 2016


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CHEMICAL INDUSTRY

Material use of organic resources in the chemical industry in Germany 2013

Material use of renewable resources in the chemical industry in Germany 2013


MATERIAL USE OF ORGANIC RESOURCES IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY IN GERMANY 2013

Fossil resources 87 %17.3 m t

13 % Biogenic resources2.6 m t

Total19.9 m t


MATERIAL USE OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY IN GERMANY 2013

Fats and oils 46 %1,220,000 t

28 % Otherbiogenic resources

737,000 t

5 % Sugar129,000 t

13 % Chemicalpulp

335,000 t

8 % Starch198,000 t

Total2.619 m t



Production of paper, carton and cardboard in Germany 2014

PAPER AND CARDBOARD

Graphic 8.66 m tpapers

PRODUCTION OF PAPER, CARTON AND CARDBOARD IN GERMANY 2014

Source: Verband Deutscher Papierindustrie (2015) © FNR 2016

1.44 m t Toilet paper

1.39 m t Paper,carton, cardboard

for technicaland special uses

Paper, 11.10 m tcarton, cardboard for packaging

Total22.6 m t

Source: Verband Deutscher Papierindustrie (2015) © FNR 2016


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BIOCOMPOSITES

BIOPLASTICS

World market for polymers, quantities and biobased shares 2011

Source: Marktstudie „Biobasierte Polymere in der Welt“, Carus et al., www.bio-based.eu/markets (2014)

Polymerstotal: ca. 366 m t

biobased: 30.1 m t (8.2 % of total)

Elastomerstotal: 25.8 m t

biobased: 11 m t(43 % of total)

Thermoplastics and thermosets

total: 290 m tbiobased: 15.5 m t

(5.3 % of total)

Synthetic fibrestotal: 50.2 m t

biobased: 3.6 m t(7 % of total)

Functional polymerstotal: 55 m t

biobased: 11.9 m t(22 % of total)

Structural polymerstotal: 235 m t

biobased: 3.6 m t(1.5 % of total)

Paper starch10 m t

Biobased functional polymers

(additives for paints, adhesives, others)

1.9 m t

Linoleum0.1 m t

Biobased structural polymers

3.5 m t

Polyurethane

Starch blends

Polylactide

PHA/PHB

Polyamide

Cellulose acetate

biowerkstoffe.fnr.de

Source: european bioplastics, IfBB Hochschule Hannover, nova-Institut © FNR 2016

Others (biobased/ 1.1 %non-biodegradable)

12.2 % PLA

Bio-PA 5.5 %

PTT 7.1 %

Bio-PE 11.8 %

Bio-PET30 35.4 %

10.0 % Biodegradablestarch blends

13.0 % Biodegradablepolyesters

2.0 % PHA

0.3 % Others(biodegradable)

1.6 % Regeneratedcellulose

Biobased/non-biodegradable (60.9 %) Biodegradable (39.1 %)

Total 1.7 m t

GLOBAL PRODUCTION CAPACITIES FOR BIOPLASTICS 2014Global production capacities for bioplastics 2014

Source: european bioplastics, IfBB Hochschule Hannover, nova-Institut © FNR 2016

Global production capacities 2011–2020

ThermosetsCAPLA Starch blendsPET PHAPBSOthers (PA, PBAT, PP, PVC, PU) PE

Source: Marktstudie „Biobasierte Polymere in der Welt“, Carus et al., www.bio-based.eu/markets (2014) © FNR 2014

EVOLUTION OF GLOBAL PRODUCTION CAPACITIES 2011 / 2020

2012

0

2

4

6

10

12

8

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

in m t/a

2018 2019 20202011

Source: Marktstudie „Biobasierte Polymere in der Welt“, Carus et al., www.bio-based.eu/markets (2014) © FNR 2014

CA: Cellulose acetatePP: PolypropylenePA: Polyamide PLA: Polylactide

PBAT: Polybutylene adipate terephthalatePTT: Polytrimethylene terephthalatePET: Polyethylene terephthalatePHA: Polyhydroxyalkanoate

PBS: Polybutylene succinatePE: Polyethylene PU: PolyurethanePVC: Polyvinyl chloride

Legend

http://www.bio-based.eu/markets

http://biowerkstoffe.fnr.de


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Production of biocomposites in Europe 2012PRODUCTION OF BIOCOMPOSITES

IN EUROPE 2012

Source: Carus et al., WPC/NFC: Market study 2012 and Future Trends, www.bio-based.eu/markets (2015) © FNR 2015

Composites, total

2.4 m tbiobased: 15 %

* Wood plastic composites (WPC)** Natural �bre composites (NFC)

WPC*

NFC**Automotive sector 90,000 t

Other products 2,000 t

Total 352,000 t

Automotive sector 60,000 t

Decking boards 174,000 t

Panels and fences 16,000 tTechnical uses 5,000 tFurniture, others 5,000 t

Use of wood and natural fibres for composites in the European automotive industry 2012

Wood 38 %

19 % Flax

8 % Kenaf

USE OF WOOD AND NATURAL FIBRES FOR COMPOSITES IN THE EUROPEAN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY 2012


7 % Others

5 % Hemp

Cotton 25 %

Total80,000 t

biowerkstoffe.fnr.de



NATURAL FIBRE COMPOSITES (NFC)

Production of saw wood in Germany

WOOD PRODUCTS AND BUILDING MATERIALS

Production of wood materials in Germany

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Softwood timber 23.9 18.1 19.7 23.1 23.7 22.0 20.4 20.8

Hardwood timber 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Total 25.0 19.2 20.8 24.2 24.7 23.0 21.4 21.8

Source: BMEL (2015) Data in million cubic meters

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Chipboards 10.9 9.2 9.3 9.4 8.5 8.2 8.2 8.1

Fibreboards 6.2 5.0 3.8 2.9 3.0 3.5 3.6 3.6

Plywood 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4

Total 17.3 14.4 13.3 12.4 11.6 11.8 11.9 12.1

Source: BMEL (2015) Data in million cubic meters

http://biowerkstoffe.fnr.de



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Share of wooden structures on the overall approved residential buildings

Total market for insulating materials in Germany 2011

Mineral 48 %resources13.5 m m³

7 % Renewable resources2.0 m m³

51 % Wood �bres

TOTAL MARKET FOR INSULATING MATERIALS IN GERMANY 2011


42 % Cellulose

5 % Hemp

Fossil 45 % resources12.9 m m³ 2 % Others

Total28.4 m m³

Total residential buildings Share of wooden structures

SHARE OF WOODEN STRUCTURES ON THE OVERALL APPROVED RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

Source: Holzbau Deutschland (2015) © FNR 2016

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013

3.55

2

50.8

0

4.35

0

4.24

5

20122004 2006

170,

400

12.1 %

145,

604

12.3 %

142,

138

13.3 %

94,0

08

13.2 %

87,6

74

14.4 %

89,5

09

14.6 %

94,6

02

15.5 %

112,

698

15.2 %

109,

128

15.2 %

100,000

50,000

0

150,000

Residential buildings

113,

128

15.0 %

2005

Source: Holzbau Deutschland (2015) © FNR 2016


Turnover of floorings made of renewable resources

68 % Laminate80.0 m m²

Textile 2 % flooring 2.5 m m²

TURNOVER OF FLOORINGS MADE OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES IN GERMANY 2011

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, MEO, FNR (2012) © FNR 2014

Cork 4 % 5.0 m m²

Linoleum 8 %10.0 m m²

Parquet 18 % 20.7 m m²

Total118.2 m m²

Furniture market in Germany 2011

Other materials 11 %1.8 bn €

Plastic furniture 4 % 0.7 bn €

FURNITURE MARKET IN GERMANY 2011


Metal furniture 19 %3.1 bn €

66 % Wooden furniture10.8 bn €

Total16.4 bn €



baustoffe.fnr.de

in Germany 2011

http://baustoffe.fnr.de

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bioschmierstoffe.fnr.de

OLEOCHEMISTRY

Total market of biolubricants in Germany 2011

Source: MEO (2014)

TOTAL MARKET OF BIOLUBRICANTS IN GERMANY 2011

Greases Mould oils Saw-chain oils, saw-frames oils Metalworking oilsHydraulic oils Gear oils Engine oils, compressor oils, turbine oils

© FNR 2014

in tonnes

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

0> 50 % Share of

renewable resources> 25 % Share of

renewable resourcesBiodegradable

9,100 t

18,510 t

29,810 t3,000

Areas of industrial applications for vegetable oils in Germany 2011

Technical surfactants 5 %and textile additives

Detergents 21 %and toiletries

39 % Others

6 % Coating agents

4 % Inks

AREAS OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS FOR VEGETABLE OILS IN GERMANY 2011

Source: MEO (2014) © FNR 2014

1 % Adhesivesand putties

2 % Lubricants

Polymers and additives 22 %

Total1.2 m t



BIOLUBRICANTS

Sources of raw materials for biolubricants 2011SOURCES OF RAW MATERIALS FOR BIOLUBRICANTS 2011


Palm oil 15 % 8 % Others

Rapeseed oil 25 %

Palm kernel oil 20 %

Castor oil 5 %

2 % Sunflower oil

25 % Animal fatsTotal

22,500 t


Total amount of vegetable oils and fats in the lubricant market in Germany 2011

Engine oils, 8 %compressor oils, turbine oils

Base oils 6 %

Greases 9 %

13 % Saw-chain oils,saw-frame oils

2 % Machine oils

Quelle: MEO (2014) © FNR 2014

TOTAL AMOUNT OF VEGETABLE OILS AND FATS IN THE LUBRICANT MARKET IN GERMANY 2011

Total22,500 t

Mould oils 8 %

1 % Electricalinsulating oils

30 % Hydraulic oils

1 % Other industrial oils

Process oils 9 %

Metalworking 7 %oils

6 % Gear oils


http://bioschmierstoffe.fnr.de

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Consumption of ingredients in the household market,

DETERGENTS AND COSMETICS

Share of the different surfactant groups in

CONSUMPTION OF INGREDIENTS IN THE HOUSEHOLD MARKET, DETERGENT MARKET AND TOILETRY MARKET 2010


Sodium sulfate 13 %

Surfactants 30 %

Sodium 17 %carbonate

8 % Zeolites

9 % Sodiumpercarbonate

5 % Phosphates

5 % Alcoholicsolvents

3 % Citric acid

2 % Polycarboxylate

8 % Others

Total605,894 t

SHARE OF THE DIFFERENT SURFACTANT GROUPS IN DETERGENTS 2011


40 % Purelypetrochemical tensides

5 % Purelybiobased tensides

Mixed tensides 55 %

Total197,000 t


Consumption of biobased surfactants 2011CONSUMPTION OF BIOBASED SURFACTANTS 2011


Industrial 23,700 t cleaners

114,800 t Toiletriesand cosmetics

Household 118,400 t detergents

Total256,900 t



detergents 2011

detergent market and toiletry market 2010

http://www.fnr.de

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Cultivation of medicinal plants, spice plants and aromatic plants in Germany 2011

PLANT-BASED DRUGSCULTIVATION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS, SPICE PLANTS

AND AROMATIC PLANTS IN GERMANY 2011


Linseed 21 %

Parsley 15 %

Camomile 9 %

Chives 5 %

5 % Seabuckthorn

40 % Others(fennel, marjoram,

mustard, mint,caraway, thyme,

coriander, milk thistle,balm, St. John's wort,

chervil)

5 % Dill

Total12,239 ha

Demand for plant-based drugs in Germany 2011

Nettle 4 %1,250 t

Balm 5 %1,500 t

Milk thistle 5 %1,550 t

Mint 20 %6,000 t

33 % Others10,440 t


DEMAND FOR PLANT-BASED DRUGS IN GERMANY 2011

Total30,760 t

13 % Fennel4,000 t

Anise 5 %1,500 t

15 % Camomile4,500 t



Distribution of demand of plant-based drugs in Germany 2011

70 % PhytopharmaceuticalsHuman applications

Veterinairy 5 %products

Cosmetics 5 %


DISTRIBUTION OF DEMAND OF PLANT-BASED DRUGS IN GERMANY 2011

Total30,760 t

Health Food 20 %

Turnover of human medicines in pharmacies 2011

Turnover of phytopharmaceuticals in pharmacies: 1.1 bn €

97 % Syntheticpharmaceuticals

Herbal 3 %pharmaceutical


TURNOVER OF HUMAN MEDICINES IN PHARMACIES 2011

Total39.1 bn €



arzneipflanzen.fnr.de

http://arzneipflanzen.fnr.de

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BIOECONOMY

Turnover in the biobased economy (EU-28, 2013)

Biofuels 1 %

Forestry 4 %

Agriculture 39 %

Bioenergy 7 %

Textiles 7 %

5 % Chemicalindustry

TURNOVER IN THE BIOBASED ECONOMY (EU-28, 2013)

Source: Piotrowski et al., European Bioeconomy in Figures, www.bio-based.eu/markets (2016) © FNR 2016

Forest-based 15 % industry

17 % Paperindustry

5 % Pharmaceuticalindustry

Total1,000 m €


Employees in the biobased economy (EU-28, 2013)EMPLOYEES IN THE BIOBASED ECONOMY (EU-28, 2013)


73 % Agriculture

Biofuels 0,2 %

Forestry 4 %

Bioenergy 1 %

Textiles 6 %

Pharmaceutical industry 1 %Chemical industry 1 %

Paper industry 5 %

Forest-based 10 %industry

Total13.8 m


www.fnr.de https://mediathek.fnr.de

Market Analysis of Renewable Resources:Abstract: www.fnr.de/marktanalyseLong version: www.fnr.de/marktanalyse/marktanalyse.pdf

National Policy Strategy on Bioeconomy:https://mediathek.fnr.de/broschuren/fremdsprachige-publikationen/english-books/national-policy-strategy-on-bioeconomy.html

Facts and figures on bioenergy:https://mediathek.fnr.de/broschuren/fremdsprachige-publikationen/english-books/bioenergy-in-germany-facts-and-figures.html

www.bio-based.eu

Further information

IMPRINT

Published byFachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe e. V. (FNR)Agency for Renewable Resourceshttp://international.fnr.de

With support from the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture, based on a decision of the Parliament of the Federal Republic of Germany

PicturesGetty Images/MIXA, Fotolia/Reamonn, FNR/M. Nast, FNR/H. Müller

Design/Implementationwww.tangram.de, Rostock

Printed bywww.druckerei-weidner.de, Rostock

Printed on 100 % recycling paper using vegetable oil-based colours

Order no. 882FNR 2016

http://www.fnr.de



http://www.fnr.de

https://mediathek.fnr.de

http://www.fnr.de/marktanalyse

http://www.fnr.de/marktanalyse/marktanalyse.pdf

https://mediathek.fnr.de/broschuren/fremdsprachige-publikationen/english-books/national-policy-strategy-on-bioeconomy.html

https://mediathek.fnr.de/broschuren/fremdsprachige-publikationen/english-books/national-policy-strategy-on-bioeconomy.html

https://mediathek.fnr.de/broschuren/fremdsprachige-publikationen/english-books/bioenergy-in-germany-facts-and-figures.html

https://mediathek.fnr.de/broschuren/fremdsprachige-publikationen/english-books/bioenergy-in-germany-facts-and-figures.html

http://bio-based.eu


http://www.tangram.de

http://www.druckerei-weidner.de

Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe e. V. (FNR)Agency for Renewable ResourcesOT Gülzow, Hofplatz 118276 Gülzow-Prüzen, GermanyTel: +49 3843/6930-0Fax: +49 3843/6930 [email protected]://international.fnr.de

Printed on 100 % recycling paper using vegetable oil-based colours

Order no. 882FNR 2016

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