biodiversity of slovenian adriatic sea

8/6/2019 Biodiversity of Slovenian Adriatic Sea

1/22

Biodiversity of SlovenianAdriatic sea

and its implementation into highereducation programmes

Biodiversity of SlovenianAdriatic sea

and its implementation into highereducation programmes

Lovrenc LipejMarine Biology Station Piran

NIB

Lovrenc LipejMarine Biology Station Piran

NIB


2/22

SlovenianSea

SlovenianSea

Coastline = 46 km

Max depth = 33 m

Surface area =

appr. 170 km

T range =

6 26 C


3/22

Marine Biodiversity ResearchMarine Biodiversity ResearchMapping and monitoring flora, fauna & HT

Protected AreasCoastal ichthyofaunaCryptobenthic fish species survey

Nonindigenous species occurrenceNorthward spreading of southern species

Unusual eventsReducing impact of maricultureBD impoverishment due to oxygen depletion

Mapping and monitoring flora, fauna & HT

Protected AreasCoastal ichthyofaunaCryptobenthic fish species survey

Nonindigenous species occurrenceNorthward spreading of southern species

Unusual eventsReducing impact of maricultureBD impoverishment due to oxygen depletion

Turbellarian Yun ia aurantiacaTurbellarian Yungia aurantiaca


4/22

Some factsSome factsAt least 1.700 animal species

recordedAt least 250 macroalgae & 5seagrassesOnly one specialized Institute(MBS)

14 researchers, among them only8 somehow dealing with BD

8 Protected Areas 4 coastalwetlands & 4 marine arks

At least 1.700 animal species

recordedAt least 250 macroalgae & 5seagrassesOnly one specialized Institute(MBS)

14 researchers, among them only8 somehow dealing with BD

8 Protected Areas 4 coastalwetlands & 4 marine parks


5/22

Invertebrates recorded in SCS andtheir proportion of the Adriatic faunaInvertebrates recorded in SCS and

their proportion of the Adriatic fauna

INVERTEBRATESN. of speciesrecorded in

Slovenian Sea

Proportion ofAdriatic species

richness (%)SPONGES 112 58.9CNIDARIANS 80 29.9ANNELIDS 300 31.6

MOLLUSCSBivalvia 139 43.4Gastropoda 232 41.1

Scaphopoda 4 44.4Cephalopoda 9 26.5Polyplacophora 9 69.2

ARTHROPODS 242 ?ECHINODERMS 42 44.6TUNICATES 48 56.5


6/22

Vertebrates recorded in SCS and


Vertebrates recorded in SCS and


VERTEBRATESN. of speciesrecorded in

Slovenian Sea

Proportion ofAdriatic species

richness (%)CYCLOSTOMATA 2 ?OSTEICHTHYES 161 45.6

CHONDRICHTHYES 21 38.9

REPTILIA 1 33.3MAMMALIA 1 (6) 12.5


7/22

Although about 1.700 animal

species have been till nowrecorded, this list is far from

being complete. This is mainlydue to:

lack of scientists,unappropriate sampling methods,

lack of financial support.

Diplosoma spongiiforme


8/22

Coastal wetlands

Protected AreasProtected AreasMPA


9/22

New techniquesNew techniques In recent years several specieswere recorded for the veryfirst time (and even described)in the Adriatic Sea with

SCUBA diving techniques Cryptobenthic species sampling

Visual census

In recent years several specieswere recorded for the veryfirst time (and even described)in the Adriatic Sea with

SCUBA diving techniques Cryptobenthic species sampling

Visual census


10/22

Visual censusVisual census

Transect technique

Horizontal &Vertical transects

90 m in length150 transects in coastal waters

1998-2003

Species richness

Abundance

Size distribution


11/22


Topographic survey of habitat types A hard bottom;B Posidonia oceanicameadow.


12/22

Depth

bou>2m

bou 2-1m

bou 1-0.5m

pebbles

gravel

PosidoniaCymodocea

Cystoseira

Halopithys-Corallina

Turf

2928

27

26

25

24

23

22

21

20

19

18

17

16

1514

13

12

11

10

98

76

5

4

3

2

1


1 - Aidablennius sphynx;2 - Atherina hepsetus; 3 - Chromis chromis; 4 - Diplodus annularis; 5 Diploduspuntazzo; 6 - Diplodus sargus; 7 - Diplodus vulgaris;8 Gobius cobitis; 9 - Gobius cruentatus; 10 Gobiusfallax; 11 Labrus merula; 12 - Lipophrys dalmatinus; 13 Mullus surmuletus, 14 Oblada melanura; 15 -Parablennius gattorugine;16 - Parablennius incognitus; 17 - Parablennius rouxi; 18 - Parablenniussanguinolentus, 19 - Parablennius tentacularis; 20 - Pomatoschistus bathi; 21 Sarpa salpa; 22 Serranushepatus; 23 Serranus scriba; 24 Symphodus cinereus; 25 - Symphodus ocellatus; 26 Symphodus roissali;27 - S m hodus rostratus 28 S m hodus tinca 29 - Tri ter ion tri teronotus.


13/22

Cryptobenthic speciesCryptobenthic species

Callionymus pusillus

Taxon

Sand

Gravel

Pebbles

Rocks

B

oulderswithturf

U

nderCystoseira

Endolithicholes

UnderHalopithys-Corallina

Seagras

smeadowunderrocks

Apletodon incognitus 1

Lepadogaster candollei 2 2 2 2

Callionymus pusillus 2

Callionymus risso 2

Millerigobius macrocephalus 2 2 2 2 3 2

Zebrus zebrus 2 1 3 2 3 2 2 4

Zebrus zebrus

Millerigobius macrocephalus

Apletodon incognitus

Microhabitat preferences of cryptobenthic species(1 = single specimen; 2 = two three specimens; 3 = four five specimens; 4 = six ten specimens).


14/22

Nonindigenous flora

in the Adriatic Sea

Nonindigenous flora

in the Adriatic Sea

Nonindigenous flora in theAdriatic Sea First record Origin

Antithamnion pectinatum 1994 Japan

Asparagopsis armata 1970 Australia, New Zealand

Asparagopsis taxiformis 2000 Red SeaBonnemaisonia hamifera 1995 Pacific

Caulerpa racemosa 2000 Red Sea

Caulerpa taxifolia 1994 Pantropicale

Codium fragilesubsp. tomentosoides 1983 Pacific Ocean around Japan

Halophila stipulacea 1986 Red Sea

Sargassum muticum 1992 Japan

Ulva scandinavica 1998 Sweden, NorwayUndaria pinnatifida 1992 Japan


15/22

The presence of Codium fragilesubsp.tomentosoidesin the Adriatic Sea was noticed forthe first time in 1983 and in the coastal waters of

Slovenia in 1992


16/22

Nonindigenous fauna in the Adriatic SeaNonindigenous fauna in the Adriatic SeaNonindigenous fauna in the

Adriatic Sea

First record Origin

Brachydontes pharaonis 1996 Indo-Pacific

Bursatella leachii 1983 Circumtropical

Callinectes danae 1981 Western Atlantic

Callinectes sapidus 1949 Western Atlantic

Crassostrea gigas 1969 Japan

Dyspanopeus sayi 1992 North-Western Atlantic

Echinogammarus pungentoides ? ?

Ficopomatus enigmaticus ? Southern Hemisphere

Gambusia affinis 1936 Central America

Halgerda willeyi 1988 From Red Sea to New Caledonia

Littorina saxatilis ? Atlantic

Marsupenaeus japonicus 1986 Indo-West Pacific

Musculista senhousia 1986 Indo-Pacific

Paraceneis sculpta ? ?

Paraxocoetus mento 1986 Indo-Pacific

Perna picta 1878 Atlantic

Pinctada radiata 1996 Indo-Pacific

Rapana venosa 1971 Japan

Rhithropanopeus harrisii 1994 North-Western Atlantic

Saccostrea commercialis 1980 Australia

Scarpharca inaequivalvis 1969 Indo-Pacific

Scyllarus caparti 1979 East Atlantic

Strombus decorus 1996 Indian OceanTapes philippinarum 1983 Indo-Pacific, Australia

Tricellaria inopinata 1982 Indo-Pacific

Xenostrobus securis 1992 New Zealand, Australia


17/22

Threats to BiodiversityThreats to Biodiversity

Oxygen depletion (anoxia, hypoxia)Habitat degradation

Fishery & MaricultureMarittime traffic

BioinvasionTourism

Pollution

40


18/22

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1822-1841 1842-1861 1862-1881 1882-1901 1902-1921 1922-1941 1942-1961 1962-1981 1982-2001

Years

RecordsUnusualevents

Basking shark

Cetorhinus maximus

Unusualevents

Basking shark

Cetorhinus maximus

Balaeno tera h salusBalaenoptera physalus

Occurrence of the BaskingShark in the Adriatic

l b fM l b fi


19/22

Mutual benefitsMutual benefits

New Data &Improved KnowledgeB.Sc. thesis

M.Sc. thesisPh.D. thesis

Courses for students

Courses for

biology teachers

Exchange of

post-graduate students

Sampling &

technical support

Promotion &

public awareness

Knowledge upgrades &practices exchange

USERS

MBS


20/22

Decorator

crabs ecology

Decorator

crabs ecology

Epibiosis and masking habits

of decorator crabs fromthe genus Pisa

C f M i Bi l


21/22

MBS

UniversityParma ETH

Zrich

UniversityGraz

University

G

ttingen

UniversityKaiserslautern

UniversityLjubljana

University

Maribor

Nova Gorica

Polytechnic

Courses of Marine BiologyCourses of Marine Biology


22/22

Do you have any

questions?

Do you have any

questions?

biodiversity of slovenian adriatic sea

Documents