biodiversity survey university of south wales, glyntaff ...€¦ · glyntaff, pontypridd campus,...

Western Ecology, 1 Geffery Close, Landrake, Saltash, Cornwall PL12 5HA Telephone: 0800 622 6828

email: [email protected]

The natural choice for good advice

A report by

Yolande Knight BSc (Hons) PhD MRSB

Biodiversity Survey

University of South Wales, Glyntaff, Pontypridd Campus

May 2018

mailto:[email protected]

Glyntaff, Pontypridd Campus, University of South Wales – Biodiversity Survey, May

2018

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Report details

Site name: Glyntaff, Pontypridd Campus, University of South Wales

Site address: Cemetery Road, Glyntaff, Pontypridd, CF37 4BD

Grid reference: ST 0853 8929

Survey date: 23rd May 2018

Report date: 16th July 2018

Report author: Yolande Knight BSc (Hons) PhD MRSB

Report reference: WOR-70

Version: v1

Declaration of compliance

Code of Professional Conduct

The information which we have prepared is true, and has been prepared and provided in

accordance with the Chartered Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management’s Code

of Professional Conduct. We confirm that the opinions expressed are our true and

professional bona fide opinions.

Report authorised by: Colin Hicks BSc (Hons) MCIEEM

Glyntaff, Pontypridd Campus, University of South Wales – Biodiversity Survey, May

2018

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Table of contents

1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 6

1.1. Survey aims ............................................................................................................. 6

1.2. Site location ............................................................................................................. 6

2. Survey methodology ......................................................................................................... 7

2.1. Desktop survey ........................................................................................................ 7

2.2. Field survey ............................................................................................................. 7

2.3. Method for valuation of habitats ............................................................................... 7

2.4. Bat activity survey: remote monitoring ..................................................................... 8

2.5. Survey constraints ................................................................................................... 8

2.6. Study area ............................................................................................................... 8

3. Results .............................................................................................................................. 9

3.1. Site description ........................................................................................................ 9

3.2. Phase 1 habitats ...................................................................................................... 9

3.3. Desktop survey ...................................................................................................... 16

Map 1a. Phase 1 habitats – Lower campus .................................................................. 17

Map 1b. Phase 1 habitats – Upper campus .................................................................. 18

4. Potential for habitats and species of nature conservation importance; evaluation of

ecological features .............................................................................................................. 21

4.1. Habitats of nature conservation Importance ........................................................... 21

4.2. Species of nature conservation importance ........................................................... 21

4.3. Invasive Non-native Species .................................................................................. 27

5. Recommendations for biodiversity enhancement. ........................................................... 28

5.1. Enhancement of grassland habitat ......................................................................... 28

5.2. Nectar Bed Plants .................................................................................................. 29

5.3. Scattered tree habitat management ....................................................................... 29

5.4. Bat boxes ............................................................................................................... 29

5.5. Bird boxes .............................................................................................................. 31

5.6. Enhancement for Invertebrates .............................................................................. 33

5.7. Ponds and watercourses ....................................................................................... 33

5.8. Reptile hibernacula ................................................................................................ 33

5.9. On-going biodiversity management and further surveys ........................................ 34

References ................................................................................................................... 36

Appendix 1: ......................................................................................................................... 37

Appendix 2 .......................................................................................................................... 42

Glyntaff, Pontypridd Campus, University of South Wales – Biodiversity Survey, May 2018

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Non-technical summary Western Ecology has been commissioned to provide a biodiversity survey of the Glyntaff Campus. This report describes the results of this

biodiversity assessment, and a tabulated summary is given here, with maps of habitats and their value also provided in the report.

Habitat assessment

Habitat type Biodiversity value (CIEEM,

2016)

Habitat of

principal

importance

Local Biodiversity

Action Plan

priority habitat

Suggested management Suggested

enhancement

Amenity

grassland

Negligible No No Manage to increase biodiversity of sward, where

appropriate.

Re-seed with native

wildflower-rich seed

mix, where appropriate

Semi-improved

grassland

Site No No Manage to increase biodiversity of sward Re-seed with native

wildflower-rich seed mix

Scattered

mixed trees

Site No No - Plant native trees

where possible

Dense woody

scrub

Site No No - -

Watercourse Site No No Manage Himalayan Balsam (invasive, non-native) -

Building Buildings with evidence of

roosting bats would be of Local

value or greater. Other buildings

are of negligible value

- - Roosting should be confirmed by a suitably

qualified and licenced ecologist. Depending on the

outcome of that assessment, management may be

recommended that is species and site specific.

Would be determined

following a roost

assessment.

Introduced

shrub planting

Negligible - - - Planting nectar-rich

plants

Hardstanding Negligible - - - -

Intact hedge,

species poor

Negligible - - - -

Species assessment


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Species Presence

confirmed

Presence

likely

European

Protected

Species?

Protected under

Wildlife and

Countryside Act

(1981), as

amended

Species of

Principal

Importance

Local

Biodiversity

action Plan

priority species

Suggested

enhancement

Comments

Noctule

Nyctalus noctula

Yes - Yes Yes Yes Yes - Recorded here during remote

monitoring

Common

Pipistrelle

Pipistrellus

pipistrellus

Yes - Yes Yes Yes Yes Bat boxes Recorded here during remote

monitoring

Soprano

Pipistrelle

Pipistrellus

pygmaeus

Yes - Yes Yes Yes Yes Bat boxes -

Roosting bats - Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes - Bat droppings were noted

during the survey on the west-

facing windowsills of the Library

[Lower Glyntaff], and within a

void within the Pencil Building

(pers. comm) [Upper Glyntaff]

Birds (various) Yes - - Yes Yes - Swift boxes;

Swallow boxes;

boxes for woodland

birds

-

Slow Worm Yes - Partially Yes Yes Improved grassland

management

Creation of reptile hibernacula

Invertebrates

(various)

- Yes - - - - Improved hedgerow

management and

nectar rich

plantings; insect

boxes

Widespread and common

invertebrates likely to be

present


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1. Introduction

Western Ecology has been commissioned to complete a Biodiversity Survey of University of

South Wales (USW) Glyntaff, Pontypridd Campus, south east Wales (Plan 1).

Plan 1: USW Glyntaff, Pontypridd Campus is situated in Pontypridd, south east Wales.

1.1. Survey aims

This report describes the results of an ecological survey and assessment of the site with

regards to biodiversity. This does not include a survey of any buildings, beyond an external,

visual assessment, where appropriate. Recommendations for biodiversity enhancements are

made.

1.2. Site location

The site is situated in a low-lying, residential location in the Rhondda Cynon Taff borough of

south east Wales, 16km to the north-west of the centre of Cardiff. The site measures

approximately 6.4ha, and comprises numerous campus buildings, a mix of amenity and

semi-improved grassland, with introduced shrub planting forming soft landscaping,

hardstanding with car parks, and mixed scattered trees around the boundaries to the north,

north-east, east, south-west and south-east of the Site.

The site is immediately adjacent to an unlit cemetery to the east, residential areas to the

north and south, and has the dual carriageway A470 and the River Taff adjacent to its

western boundary. The wooded Taff Trail Cycle Track runs close by the eastern lower

campus boundary. The semi-natural habitat extending west and northwards comprises a mix

of scattered woodland, agricultural farmland and amenity land extending up the eastern side

of the Rhondda Valley, whilst habitat rising up the western side comprises a mix of

residential and commercial areas, including the USW Treforest Campus. Semi-natural

habitat of woodland and agricultural farmland is present further west.


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2. Survey methodology

2.1. Desktop survey

A desktop survey, using GIS datasets from the Lle Geoportal

((http://lle.gov.wales/catalogue?lang=en&c=2007), was completed to ascertain the

relationship between this Site and any statutory nature conservation sites in the nearby

landscape.

A biodiversity audit was carried out on this campus in 2012 (Clements, 2013) on behalf of

the University of Glamorgan. Results from the audit were taken in to account when

undertaking this current survey.

2.2. Field survey

A Phase I Habitat Survey of the site was carried out on the 23rd May 2018 between 09:00

and 14:30 with an air temperature of 21oC, light easterly winds, dry and with clear skies.

Habitats were classified using the Phase 1 Habitat Survey methodology developed by the

Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC, 2010) and modified by the Institute of

Environmental Assessment (IEA, 1995). The main plant species were recorded, and broad

habitat types mapped. Habitats encountered are described within the Results section, with a

map included within the report. Plant species were identified according to Stace (1997) and

are listed in Appendix 1. 'Target notes' are provided for any features of particular interest.

The methodology also requires the recording of conspicuous fauna species, such as birds,

herptiles (i.e. amphibians and reptiles), mammals and invertebrates, such as butterflies and

dragonflies, paying particular attention to the presence of any rare or protected species.

Built structures were not included within this survey.

Larger trees, if present, were assessed for bat roosting potential, in accordance with Collins

2016.

2.3. Method for valuation of habitats

The ecological value of habitats present is provided in line with Guidelines for Ecological

Impact Assessment (CIEEM, 2016), and those which are important in terms of legislation or

policy are identified. Table 1 summarises this information and details the extent of each

habitat recorded here, and Map 2 indicates their location.

The nature conservation value, or potential value, of the habitat is determined within the

following geographic context:

• International importance (e.g. internationally designated sites such as Special Areas

of Conservation, Special Protection Areas, Ramsar sites);

• National importance (e.g. nationally designated sites such as Sites of Special

Scientific Interest or species populations of importance in the Welsh and UK context);

http://lle.gov.wales/catalogue?lang=en&c=2007


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• County importance (e.g. SNCI, habitats and species populations of importance in the

context of Cardiff);

• Local importance (e.g. important ecological features such as old hedges, woodlands,

ponds);

• Site importance (e.g. habitat mosaic of grassland and scrub which may support a

diversity of common wildlife species);

• Negligible importance. Usually applied to areas such as built development or areas of

intensive agricultural land.

The examples are not exclusive and are subject to further professional ecological judgment.

2.4. Bat activity survey: remote monitoring

Two Wildlife Acoustics Song Meter SMZC remote bat detectors were deployed onto site on

6th June and left to record until 21st June 2018 (Map 1). After deployment, sonograms were

downloaded and analysed using Kaleidoscope Pro (v4.5.4) and Analook software (ver. 4.2n)

to ascertain which species are recorded within the site.

2.5. Survey constraints

All areas of the site were readily accessible. Although some plant species would have not

been visible during the survey period, within such a small, simple site comprising common

and widespread habitat types, the timing of this survey is not a significant constraint to a

robust initial site assessment.

It should be noted that habitats, and the species they may support, change over time due to

natural processes and because of human influence.

2.6. Study area

The study area was determined by the client, and is hereafter referred to as the ‘Site’. This is

the area included within the line described as “Survey area” within the legend of Map 1.


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3. Results

3.1. Site description

The Site comprises upper and lower campuses, separated by an access road. The majority

of the Site surveyed comprises a mix of grassland (close-managed amenity and semi-

improved), hardstanding (including tarmac and parking areas sparsely vegetated with

ephemeral/short perennial), introduced shrub planting, including non-native hedgerows,

scattered trees, and small areas of scrub and tall ruderals. There are range of campus

buildings of varying ages, and occasional stone walling in the lower campus.

3.2. Phase 1 habitats

Habitats have been classified using the Phase 1 Habitat Survey methodology, and are

described below and detailed in Map 1. Habitats which are important in terms of legislation

or policy are identified and the extent of all habitats associated with the survey area is given

in Table 1. Plant species that characterise each of these habitats are identified, with a list

given in Appendix 1.

Scattered mixed trees (Habitat code: A3.3)

Scattered mixed trees, from young to mature, are present around both upper and lower

campuses, including native and non-native species. The upper campus has a strip of mixed

deciduous trees and woody shrubs along the northern-most boundary (Image 1), including

Common Ash Fraxinus excelsior, Holm Oak Quercus Ilex, Goat Willow Salix caprea,

Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur, Cypress Cupressus sp., Hazel Corylus avellana, Buddleia

Buddleia davidii, non-native Dogwoods Cornus sp. and Cherry Laurel Prunus laurocerasus.

Ground flora comprises frequent Bramble Rubus fruticosus agg., with occasional Nettle

Urtica dioica and Ivy Hedera helix, and a mix of ruderals and ferns, including Broad-leaved

Dock Rumex obtusifolius, Ragwort Senecio jacobaea, Dandelion Taraxacum officinale agg.,

Pendulous Sedge Carex pendula and Common Male-fern Dryopteris filix-mas.

Occasional mature conifers are present along the eastern boundary of the upper campus,

mixed with frequent introduced shrubs (see below). Other mature trees are occasionally

present within the upper campus, including Common Ash, Pedunculate Oak and Horse

Chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum. Ground flora includes a mix of scrub and ruderals as

described above, plus introduced planting where the trees are situated in the main body of

the Site, rather than at the boundaries.

A dead Slow Worm Anguis fragilis was found within this habitat.

Scattered young and early-mature native, non-native and cultivated trees are present

through the upper and lower campus (Image 2), including Whitebeams Sorbus sp.,

Hornbeam Carpinus betulus, Poplar Populus sp., Silver Birch Betula pendula, Field Maple

Acer campestre, Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Cherries (Prunus sp.).

A small area of early-mature planted mixed trees are present towards the far south-east of

the lower campus (Image 3), with a mix of early-mature Hazel, Silver Birch, Grey Willow

Salix cinerea agg., Elder Sambucus nigra, Hawthorn, Ash and Sycamore, and occasional

cultivated Apple Malus sp.. The ground flora comprises frequent Bramble, with occasional


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ruderals and other herbs such as Common Nettle, Prickly Sow-thistle Sonchus asper, Great

Willowherb Epilobium hirsutum, Ivy-leaved Toadflax Cymbalaria muralis, Field Horsetail

Equisetum arvense and Herb Robert Geranium robertianum.

A Wren Troglodytes troglodytes, a Robin Erythacus rubecula, an Orange-tip Anthocharis

cardamines and a Small White Pieris rapae were observed within the boundary tree habitat.

These habitats are of Site value for biodiversity, with the scattered tree boundaries and

planted mixed woodland providing nesting habitat for widespread and common birds, a

nectar source for insects and is likely to accumulate flying insects in sufficient quantities for

foraging bats.

Image 1. Trees along the northern boundary of the

upper campus

Image 2. Scattered young trees within the lower

campus.

Image 3. Small area of young mixed trees to the

south-east of the lower campus.

Image 4. Introduced shrub planting in the upper

campus.

Introduced shrubs

A mix of introduced shrubs provide partial boundaries to the west and east of the upper

campus, with frequent Cherry Laurel and occasional Hawthorn, Hazel and Holly also

present. The understorey is limited beneath the dense Cherry Laurel, and a mix of ruderals,

scrub and grassland beneath the native species. Introduced shrub planting is present within

both campuses (Image 4), including Garden Privet Ligustrum ovalifolium, Japanese Barberry


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Berberis japonica, non-native Dogwoods, Cotoneaster Cotoneaster sp., Oleaster Elaeagnus

sp., Hebe Hebe sp., and Japanese Privet Ligustrum japonicum. The undestorey to these

areas of planting are limited and comprise a sparse mix of common grass, ruderal and scrub

species.

Cotoneaster species are present on the lower campus, and may include invasive species

regulated under the Wildlife & Countryside Act 1981 (as amended).

This habitat is of Negligible value for biodiversity.

Dense and scattered scrub; tall ruderals (Habitat codes: A2.1; A2.2; C3.1)

Areas of dense scrub are present along part of the eastern and south-western boundary of

the upper campus, and around the southern-most car park in the lower campus (Image 5).

Species present include dominant Bramble, frequent Common Nettle, Ivy and Cleavers

Galium aparine, and a mix of grass, ruderals and other herbs, including Tufted Hair-grass

Deschampsia cespitosa and Barren Brome Anisantha sterilis, Rosebay Willowherb

Chamerion angustifolium, Enchanter's-nightshade Circaea lutetiana, Herb Robert and

Nipplewort Lapsana communis. Saplings of Buddleia, Laurel, European Gorse Ulex

europaeus, Hazel, Hawthorn and Elder are also present, with Honeysuckle Lonicera

periclymenum and Traveller's Joy Clematis vitalba.

Japanese Knotweed has previously been identified within both upper and lower campuses

(Clements, 2013), although it was not observed during the present survey.

Scattered scrub is present around the boundaries of both the upper and lower campuses.

Areas of tall ruderal species are present throughout both campuses, being mainly

concentrated around the boundary edges, or locally at the edges of shrub, scattered tree,

scrub and grassland habitat, and around the western boundaries of a hardstanding car-

parking area at the southern-most extent of the lower campus. Ruderal species include

Dandelion, Great Willowherb, Ragwort, Purple Toadflax, Rosebay Willowherb and Hogweed,

with occasional grass species such as False Oat-grass, Yorkshire Fog and Rough Meadow-

grass. Saplings of Dogweed, Sycamore, Hazel and Buddleia are also present.

A number of Beautiful Demoiselle Calopteryx virgo were observed within the tall ruderal

habitat.

These habitats are of Site value for biodiversity.


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Image 5. Dense scrub towards the south-eastern

boundary of the lower campus.

Image 6. Tall ruderals at the south-western boundary

of the lower campus.

Intact hedge- species-poor (Habitat code: J2.1.2)

Occasional intact non-native hedges are present within the Site, including Cherry Laurel and

Garden Privet.


Amenity grassland; semi-improved neutral grassland (Habitat codes: J1.2; B2.2)

Both campuses have areas of close-managed amenity grassland (Image 7): in the upper

campus, there is a mosaic of close-managed amenity and overgrown semi-improved neutral

grassland, with the latter sown with additional grass and wildflower seeds over the last few

years, to improve the diversity of species present (Image 8). A management regime is also

in place to improve diversity of this grassland. A patch of grassland to the west of the upper

campus has also been set aside as a conservation area for academic study (Image 9).

The close-managed amenity grassland is species-poor, with dominant Yorkshire Fog Holcus

lanatus and Red Fescue Festuca rubra, frequent Cock's-foot Dactylis glomerata and Rough

Meadow-grass Poa trivialis, and occasional False Oat-grass Arrhenatherum elatius agg. and

Perennial Rye Lolium perenne. False Oat-grass is more frequent around the unmown side

slopes facing to the east and south. Ruderals and other broad-leaved herbs present include

Creeping Buttercup Ranunculus repens, Daisy Bellis perennis, Dandelion and Ribwort

Plantain Plantago lanceolata.

Areas of unmown grassland, where additional seeding has occurred, includes Soft Brome

Bromus hordeaceous, Annual Meadow-grass Poa annua and Sweet Vernal-grass

Anthoxanthum odoratum, and a greater range of herbs, including Lesser Celandine

Ranunculus ficaria, Common Field Speedwell Veronica persica, Lesser Trefoil Trifolium

dubium, Curled Dock Rumex crispus, Red Clover Trifolium pratense and Zigzag Clover

Trifolium medium, Cuckoo Flower Cardamine pratensis, Oxeye Daisy Leucanthemum

vulgare, Common Knapweed Centaurea nigra and Meadow Butttercup Ranunculus acris.

Bee Orchid Ophrys apifera were not observed during the survey, but have flowered in the

intervening weeks between survey and production of this report (pers. comm).


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Grassland to the north of the upper campus is shaded and damp, with additional herbs

including Common Chickweed, Ragwort and Creeping Cinquefoil (Image 10). The north-

eastern most point of the upper campus is dominated by damp-loving species, including

Field Horsetail, Brooklime Veronica beccabunga, Glaucous Sedge Carex flacca and

Opposite-leaved Golden Saxifrage Chrysosplenium oppositifolium. A stand of Himalayan

Balsam Impatiens glandulifera is present within this habitat.

A Blackbird Turdus merula, several White-tailed Bumblebees Bombus lucoram and a

Honeybee Apis mellifera were observed within the semi-improved grassland habitat.

The amenity grassland habitat is of Negligible value for biodiversity, whilst the semi-

improved grassland habitat is of Site value for biodiversity.

Image 7. Close-managed amenity grassland, western

boundary of lower campus.

Image 8. Mosaic of close-managed and overgrown

semi-improved grassland, at northern extent of upper

campus.

Image 9. Conservation area for academic study,

upper campus.

Image 10. Damp area of rank grass, ruderals and

other herbs in the far north-east corner of the upper

campus.

Hardstanding; ephemeral/short perennial vegetation (Habitat code: J5; J1.3)

The majority of the Site comprises hardstanding in the form of tarmac access roads, paths

and car parking (Image 11). A degraded tarmac and gravel car parking area in the southern

section of the lower campus (Image 12) is vegetated with a mix of ephemeral and short


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perennial species, including frequent Squirrel-tail Fescue Vulpia bromoides and localised

frequent Yorkshire Fog, Rough Meadow-grass and False Oat-grass. Broad-leaved herbs

present include a mix of occasional Groundsel Senecio vulgaris, Smooth Sow-thistle

Sonchus oleraceous, Changing Forget-me-not Myosotis discolor, Yarrow Achillea

millefolium, Cleavers, Willowherbs Epilobium sp., Lesser Trefoil and Slender Speedwell

Veronica filiformis.

These habitats are of Negligible value for biodiversity

Image 11. Access road and car parking, upper

campus.

Image 12. Vegetated gravel and tarmac car park,

lower campus.

Water course (Habitat code: G2)

A small trickle stream is present running into the north-eastern corner of the upper campus:

at the time of survey it was a seepage issue, forming a marshy area of grassland. The

vegetation is as described above in Semi-improved grassland, with damp-loving species

including Brooklime, Glaucous Sedge and Opposite-leaved Golden Saxifrage. Himalayan

Balsam is frequent in this area (Image 13).

A narrow ditch runs adjacent, but off-site along the south-eastern boundary of the lower

campus. At the time of survey, this was not visible from the Site boundary.

This habitat is of Site value for biodiversity.

Image 13. Himalayan Balsam present in the north-eastern

corner of the upper campus.


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Buildings (Habitat code: J3.6)

Campus buildings were briefly surveyed from the exterior:

Upper campus

The Alfred Russel Wallace Building (identified as Main Building in Clements, 2013) is brick-

built, mainly two-storey, with slate and terracotta tiled roof, with a complex roof-line including

a mix of gables, verges, fascia and soffits on newer sections. Attic voids are assumed to be

present. The Pencil Building is a red brick new extension, with a northern gable and flared

peaked front gable, and with plastic fascias and soffits (Image 14). Bat droppings have been

seen by staff within the roof void of the Pencil Building, indicating that bats have roosted

here in the past.

The George Knox Building (identified as Science Building in Clements, 2013) is a modern

clad two-storey building with flat roof.

The Professor Bernard Knight Building (identified as Forensics House in Clements, 2013) is

a two-storey brick-building with slate and terracotta roof tiles and a mix of gables, fascia,

eaves and soffits.

Lower campus

Security Lodge/Anansi House is a modern two-storey brick building with artificial slate and

clay tile roof, gables, and a mix of fascias with soffits and flying eaves.

The Tramsheds (identified as Train Sheds Building in Clements, 2013) is an old stone

building with slate and clay roof tiles on 3 parallel ridges, with a mix of gable verges and

flying eaves.

The Elaine Morgan Building (including the Family Institute) is modern, brick two-storey with a

flat roof, partially clad with metal.

The Library is a modern single-storey brick building with flat roof, with rolled felt roof edges

(Image 15). Bat droppings were noted during the survey on the west-facing windowsills of

the Library, suggesting roosting within this building.

The Welsh Institute for Health and Social Care is a modern two-storey brick building with a

hipped roof with artificial slate and clay tiles, wide eaves with fascias and soffits.

The Aneurin Bevan Building is a modern two-storey building with curved metal roofs,

concealed eaves, and clad in a range of materials.

These buildings are of unknown value for biodiversity, although it is likely that the Pencil

Building and Library are at least of Local value, due to the likely presence of roosting bats.


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Image 14. The northern gable of the Pencil Building,

where a remote monitor was placed to survey bat

activity, upper campus.

Image 15. The western side of the Library, where a

remote monitor was placed to survey bat activity,

lower campus.

Wall (Habitat code: J2.5)

The lower campus has a number of old stone and concrete walls still standing from former

industrial buildings, in particular along the western boundary of the main lower campus car

park. There is some cracking of masonry, and sparse Ivy present. A Jackdaw Corvus

monedula was observed perching on the western-most wall. A gabion stone wall is present

along the south-western bank boundary of the upper campus.


Fencing (Habitat code: J2.4)

The sections of the Site is bounded by wire fencing, with occasional metal and wooden

fencing present within the Site itself.


Table 1. Phase 1 habitats within the footprint of the Site, their extent and value in a

geographical context (CIEEM, 2016).

Phase 1 habitat type Area (m2) Value

Scattered mixed trees/ Planted mixed woodland 3200 Site

Introduced shrubs 4360 Negligible

Dense scrub 2260 Site

Tall ruderals 420 Site

Intact hedge species-poor 380 Negligible

Amenity grassland 6440 Negligible

Semi-improved grassland 3460 Site

Hardstanding 29385 Negligible

Ephemeral/short perennial 4060 Negligible

Buildings 9440 Varied

3.3. Desktop survey

Statutory Nature Conservation Sites

No Sites of Special Scientific Interest (Wales) are situated within 1km of the Site

Map 1a. Phase 1 habitats – Lower campus

Map 1b. Phase 1 habitats – Upper campus

Map 2a. Biodiversity value of habitats – Lower campus

Map 2b. Biodiversity value of habitats – Upper campus


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4. Potential for habitats and species of nature conservation

importance; evaluation of ecological features

Habitats have been assessed from the results of the field survey for their potential to support

the following protected species. Ecological features that have the potential to be present

have been assessed in the light of current nature conservation policy and wildlife legislation

(see Appendix 2).

4.1. Habitats of nature conservation Importance

Notable habitats

Habitats are protected under international and national legislation including The

Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017, and Wildlife and Countryside Act

1981 (as amended). These have been formulated into policy measures, with many examples

protected under formal site designations such as SSSIs and SACs.

There are no notable habitats within the Site.

4.2. Species of nature conservation importance

Many native wild plants and animals are protected by law with the two main legal

instruments being the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) and The

Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017. The latter consolidates

amendments to the Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c) Regulations 1994 which transposed

into UK Law the EU Habitats Directive.

A range of species of fungi, plant or animal are listed in Section 7 of the Environment

(Wales) Act 2016 as being of principal importance for the purposes of conserving

biodiversity. There is a need for these species to be taken into consideration by a public

body when performing any of its functions with a view to conserving biodiversity. These

species are the subject of National and Local Biodiversity Action Plans.

Amphibians

The four native widespread amphibians (Common Frog, Common Toad, Common Newt and

Palmate Newt) are given limited protection from trade under the Wildlife and Countryside Act

1981 (as amended).

Great Crested Newt and Natterjack Toad and their breeding sites and resting places (during

all parts of their lifecycle) are fully protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as

amended) and The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017.

The very rare Pool Frog, only recently recognised as a native amphibian, is fully protected

under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) from killing, injury, trade and

disturbance, whilst their habitats are also protected.

Great Crested Newt, Natterjack Toad and Common Toad are listed as species 'of principal

importance for the purpose of conserving biodiversity' in Wales.


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There are no aquatic habitats associated with the Site or its boundaries that are suitable for

breeding Amphibians. Taking in to account the area of damp vegetation from an issue in the

north-eastern corner of the upper campus, there may be limited potential for hibernating

and/or foraging common Amphibian species in the overgrown grassland, ruderal and scrub

margins on-site.

Badger

Badgers are protected from persecution or ill-treatment under the Protection of Badgers Act

1992.

There are no habitats associated with the Site or its boundaries that are suitable for

Badgers. The majority of the Site is heavily disturbed and well-lit, although the wooded

boundaries to the north of the upper campus and south of the lower campus are fairly

undisturbed. No evidence of pathways, latrines or setts were found during the survey:

however, there is potential for Badger to pass through the woodland and scrub areas at night

whilst foraging or commuting through the wider landscape.

Bats

Bat species, and their breeding or resting places (roosts), are protected under the Wildlife

and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) and The Conservation of Habitats and Species

Regulations 2017. They are identified as European Protected Species. Under these laws it is

an offence to:

• capture, kill, disturb or injure bats (on purpose or by not taking enough care);

• damage or destroy a breeding or resting place (even accidentally);

• obstruct access to their resting or sheltering places (on purpose or by not taking

enough care); or

• possess, sell, control or transport live or dead bats, or parts of them.

Seven species of bat are listed as species “of principal importance for the purpose of

conserving biodiversity”.

All the trees present on Site were assessed for roosting bats as being of either Category 2B

or 3 (ie moderate to low/low potential) according to Collins, 2016, with trees in these

categories not requiring further survey work prior to any tree-works or felling. However,

Category 2B trees should be treated in a precautionary manner: two 2B trees were

identified,: a Mature Pedunculate Oak and Common Ash, both target noted on the habitat

map.

The buildings present on Site were briefly surveyed externally, from ground height. There is

some potential for void and crevice-roosting bats on a number of buildings, with the older-red

brick buildings on the upper campus having the greater potential, possessing features such

as tiled roofs, gables and wooden fascia. Bat droppings were noted during the survey on the

west-facing windowsills of the Library, and within a void within the Pencil Building (pers.

comm).


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Localised roosting by Pipistrelles is known to have occurred previously in the Elaine Morgan

Building (Clements, 2013).

The majority grassland and hardstanding habitat within the Site itself provides limited

potential for bats: research into habitat preferences of bats in Britain (Walsh and Harris,

1996) found that although bats could be found in almost all habitats, they showed clear

preference for woodland edges and water bodies, along with treelines and hedgerows. The

woodland and scrub habitats fringing the Site, in particular to the north-east and south, have

potential for foraging and commuting bats, with connectivity to the semi-natural habitat to the

east, the dark corridors provided by the A470 to the west, and the Taff Trail running south-

eastwards, and bisecting the Site.

However, the dual A470 may provide a barrier to linkage west: research into the impact of

major roads on bat activity has shown that busy roads have a major negative impact on bat

foraging activity and diversity (Berthinussen and Altringham, 2012).

Remote bat detectors were deployed onto both the Upper and lower Campuses.

A remote detector attached to a building on the Upper Campus (Map 1) between 6th and 21st

June recorded 4645 bat calls comprising 3898 calls from Common Pipistrelle, 680 Soprano

Pipistrelle calls and 67 calls from Noctule (Chart 1 and Table 2). Summed call duration was

38692 seconds for Common Pipistrelle, 6174 second for Soprano Pipistrelle and 711

seconds for Noctule, equating to bats being active within the range of the remote unit for

9.1% of the survey period for Common Pipistrelle, 1.4% for Soprano Pipistrelle and 0.2% of

the survey period for Noctule. Bat activity levels at this site are high for Common Pipistrelle

and moderate for Soprano Pipistrelle, and probably relate to these bats foraging along the

depression between the vegetated bank and the building at this location.

A remote detector attached to a building on the Lower Campus (Map 1) between 6th and 21st

June recorded 3704 bat calls comprising 1593 calls from Common Pipistrelle, 932 Soprano

Pipistrelle calls and 1179 calls from Noctule (Chart 2 and Table 2). Summed call duration

was 16597 seconds for Common Pipistrelle, 7085 second for Soprano Pipistrelle and 14428

seconds for Noctule, equating to bats being active within the range of the remote unit for

3.9% of the survey period for Common Pipistrelle, 1.7% for Soprano Pipistrelle and 3.4% of

the survey period for Noctule. Bat activity levels at this site are moderate to high for

Common Pipistrelle and Noctule, and moderate for Soprano Pipistrelle.

Table 2. Bat calls recorded during remote monitoring 6th to 21st June 2018 Site Species Calls during

survey period

Summed duration

(seconds)

Percentage of survey time that bats are active

within range of remote detector

Upper

Campus

Common

Pipistrelle

3898 38692 9.1%

Soprano

Pipistrelle

680 6174 1.4%

Noctule 67 711 0.2%

Lower

Campus

Common

Pipistrelle

1593 16597 3.9%

Soprano

Pipistrelle

932 7085 1.7%

Noctule 1179 14428 3.4%


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Birds

All wild birds are protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) from

being killed, injured or captured whilst their nests and eggs are protected from being

NoctuleSoprano Pipistrelle

Common Pipistrelle

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

4 5 6 4 113 5 2 2 6 3

151

3

35 37

16 10 16 20 16

66

46

74

38

9082 86

39

6

147

259

204

288

256

337

180

207

236

278

216

272

166175

299315

63

Spec

ies

Ca

lls

per

nig

hr

Date

Chart 1. Upper campus, bat calls recorded during remote monitoring

NoctuleSoprano Pipistrelle

Common Pipistrelle

0

50

100

150

200

250

Spec

ies

Ca

lls

per

nig

ht

Date

Chart 2. Lower campus, bat calls recorded during remote monitoring


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damaged, destroyed or taken. Birds which are listed under Schedule 1 of the Act are given

additional protection against disturbance.

A number of species of bird are listed as species “of principal importance for the purpose of


A number of common birds were observed during the survey (see 3.1 Site description). No

direct evidence of nesting was seen during the survey: however, it is likely that occasional

common bird species nest within the peripheral woodland and woody scrub within the north-

western quarter of the Site. There is potential for small birds such as House Sparrows to

nest in crevices within the roofs or soffits of the older red-brick buildings.

Common Dormice

Common (or Hazel) Dormice, and their breeding and resting places, are protected under the

Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) and The Conservation of Habitats and

Species Regulations 2017. They are identified as a European Protected Species, and listed

as a species “of principal importance for the purpose of conserving biodiversity”. They are

also listed as a local Biodiversity Action Plant priority species

Dormice are arboreal and are found within species-rich woodland, hedgerow and woody

fruiting scrub. The majority grassland and hardstanding habitat within the Site has negligible

potential for Dormice, with the Site isolated within a well-lit urban landscape. There is limited

potential for Dormice within the woodland and woody scrub habitat within the Site, with

possible connectivity into the adjacent northern woodland, and south along the wooded Taff

Trail corridor.

Hedgehog

Hedgehogs are partially protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act. Hedgehogs are

listed as a species “of principal importance for the purpose of conserving biodiversity” and

are a local Biodiversity Action Plant priority species

The majority grassland and hardstanding habitats associated with the Site provide negligible

potential for Hedgehog, whilst the scattered trees to the north-east and south-east provides

some potential, with good connectivity out to the wider landscape.

Reptiles

All native reptiles are protected to some degree under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981

(as amended) whilst our two rarest species, the Sand Lizard and Smooth Snake, are given

full protection under the Act and also identified as European Protected Species.

The four common species (Slow Worm, Adder, Grass Snake and Common (Viviparous)

Lizard) are protected from deliberate killing, injury and trade.

The two rare species, Sand Lizard and Smooth Snake, are given more protection that

includes protection from capture and deliberate or reckless killing, injury or disturbance.

Their breeding or resting places are also protected from obstruction or damage, even if it

were accidental. Slow Worm, Sand Lizard, Grass Snake, Adder and Common Lizard are

local Biodiversity Action Plant priority species.


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All six native reptiles are listed as species “of principal importance for the purpose of


A dead Slow Worm was found within introduced planting beneath the mature Horse

Chestnut in the upper campus: although this might indicate the presence of reptiles, there is

a possibility that the Slow Worm was brought on to campus by a predator, such as a

domestic cat.

Although much of the campus is comprised of close-managed amenity grassland and

hardstanding, there is some potential for reptiles due to the mosaic nature of habitats across

the Site, with areas of longer semi-improved grassland, scrub and ruderals, adjacent to

hardstanding and areas of gravel. The majority of the grassland does not have suitable

structure for hibernation, although the west-facing bank of the upper campus has low

potential for both hibernating and foraging Slow Worm, Common Lizard and Grass Snake,

whilst the east-facing bank has potential for hibernating reptiles. Areas of unmown grassland

and wildflowers throughout the upper campus, in combination with mown areas, provide

some potential for foraging reptiles also.

Areas to the south-east of the lower campus, and at the north-east of the upper campus also

have potential for foraging and hibernating Grass Snake, with either encroaching, or

adjacent water courses. Adjacent semi-natural habitat, such as the cemetery to the east of

the Site, also provide good potential, with good linkage both into and externally southwards

from the Site.

Otter

Otter, and their breeding or resting places (holts and couches), are protected under the

Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended), and The Conservation of Habitats and

Species Regulations 2017. They are identified as European Protected Species.

Otter are listed as species “of principal importance for the purpose of conserving

biodiversity”, and are a local Biodiversity Action Plant priority species

Otter are normally associated with running water and larger water bodies containing fish.

The heavily disturbed and well-lit location, isolation within a wider urban environment, and

lack of any habitat that might provide foraging or hibernation opportunities both within and

near the Site suggests that it has negligible value for Otter.

Water Vole

Water Vole is protected under Schedule 5 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as

amended). Water Vole are listed as species “of principal importance for the purpose of

conserving biodiversity”, and are local Biodiversity Action Plant priority species

There are no potential habitats on Site for Water Vole, and there is negligible potential for

Water Vole.

Invertebrates

Over 26,000 species of insects are recorded in the UK, with over 40 species given full

statutory protection in the UK under either European or British legislation.


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A Honeybee nest has previously been identified in the roof of the Alfred Russel Wallace

Building (pers. comm and Clements, 2013), although though no nest was present at the time

of survey. A small number of common invertebrates were observed during the survey (see

3.1 Site description). The close-managed amenity grassland and hardstanding has negligible

potential for invertebrates, whilst the boundaries of trees, and scrub around the Site has

some potential to support common and widespread invertebrates. The potential for any rare

or protected species to be present is considered to be negligible.

Notable plant species

The limited and isolated habitats at this Site have negligible potential for the presence of

notable plant species.

4.3. Invasive Non-native Species

Himalayan Balsam, listed under Schedule 9 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as

amended) with respect to England and Wales, was noted on the Site. Areas of Japanese

Knotweed are undergoing a regime of treatment, but this species was not noted during the

survey. Cotoneaster species were also present: there is potential that some of these are

listed as Schedule 9.


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5. Recommendations for biodiversity enhancement.

Undertaking biodiversity enhancement is an opportunity to provide new benefits for

biodiversity through the creation of new habitats, enhancing existing habitats or providing

new features, with the aim of improving ecological resilience and adaptation to climate

change.

The Glyntaff, Pontypridd Campus offers a number of possibilities for the enhancement of

biodiversity value. However, any measures identified and recommended would be required

to fit in to the attendant constraints relating to the site as a public and working space, such

as health and safety, and security concerns, and be achievable within available resources. A

number of simple recommendations are suggested as follows:

5.1. Enhancement of grassland habitat

Much of the grassland habitat within the upper campus is under a management regime

which sees areas of grassland left to flower and develop, with added wildflower seeds sown

to develop structural diversity. At the time of survey, mowing of much of the grassland in the

upper campus had cut down areas of wildflowers and flowering grass whilst flowering was

still in progress.

Any areas of grassland where there is limited human access could be further enhanced by

reducing the mowing regime to twice a year in early spring and late summer only, with

arisings being removed for composting. The larger areas of grassland in the upper campus

have already been identified by on-site staff as having particular potential. If there is concern

regarding pedestrian usage, areas identified as having potential for wildlife could be fenced

off to avoid foot-fall. The species diversity can be increased further by either continuing to

add wildflower and appropriate grass seed (in particular mixes that encourage the formation

of tussock structure to the grassland to support reptiles), or could also be increased by

removing the present sward and reseeding with a mixture of diverse native species,

including nectar-rich meadow-flower mixes, with the aim of increasing the diversity of nectar-

rich plants, and attracting larger numbers of insects.

If a commercial grassland mix is used, the seed is best sown in the autumn or spring. The

seed must be surface sown, either applied by machine or broadcast by hand. Do not

incorporate or cover the seed, but firm in with a roll, or by treading, to give good soil/seed

contact.

First year management

Most sown grass species are perennial and will be slow to germinate and grow, and will not

usually flower in the first growing season. There may be a flush of annual weeds from the

soil in the first growing season. This weed growth is easily controlled by topping or mowing.

On-going management

Once established, species-rich grassland requires minimal maintenance. However

management will be required to limited encroached ruderals and other unwanted weeds

using spot treatment. Cutting should be done on a rotational basis, so that no more than half

of any new grassland habitat is cut in any one year, leaving part as an undisturbed refuge for


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wildlife. Grassland cutting should be completed by use of light machinery (such as a self-

propelled mower or hand strimmer) to prevent compaction of this area of limited habitat.

Appropriate seed mixtures are available commercially, with the charity Flora Locale

providing a list of British suppliers for grass, wildflower and meadow seed mixes:

https://www.floralocale.org/British+and+Irish+Flora+Suppliers?structure=page24182&page_r

ef_id=746

5.2. Nectar Bed Plants

In addition to the enhancement of lawn areas with meadow-flower planting (see 5.1.

Enhancement of grassland planting), there are opportunities to enhance the Site's planting

scheme to include nectar-producing native plants, with the aim of attracting a wide range of

nectar-feeding invertebrates, such as butterflies and hoverflies, and their associated

predators and parasites. In addition to available grassland, meadow and woodland

wildflowers could be planted in boxes situated around the Site, allowing seed collection in

late summer/autumn. This should include a range of annual and/or perennial plants that

flower through spring and summer, and that are native to Wales. Examples include:

Spring-flowering: Oxlip, Cowslip, Bluebell, Ox-eye Daisy, Foxglove, Selfheal, Red Campion,

Primrose and Wild Daffodil

Summer-flowering: Greater Knapweed, Common Mallow, Scentless Mayweed, Harebell,

Yellow Rattle and Common Agrimony.

Further examples of suitable species can be found at Wildlife Trusts Wales

https://www.wtwales.org/plantwildflowers, with Flora Locale providing a list of British seed

suppliers (see above).

5.3. Scattered tree habitat management

Where opportunities occur, non-native species should be replaced with new plantings of

native tree and shrub species which are appropriate to the location, such as Downy Birch,

Dogwood, Hazel, Hawthorn, Holly, Wild Cherry, Blackthorn, Pedunculate Oak, Goat Willow,

Grey Willow, Rowan and Guelder Rose.

5.4. Bat boxes

New roosting opportunities for non-light-averse bats, such as Common Pipistrelle, could be

created within the Site, both on trees and buildings. Schwegler 2F bat boxes (Figure 1) could

be fitted on to suitable trees within the upper campus (such as the 2B identified trees on the

eastern boundary), fitted under the guidance of suitably qualified ecologist.

https://www.floralocale.org/British+and+Irish+Flora+Suppliers?structure=page24182&page_ref_id=746

https://www.floralocale.org/British+and+Irish+Flora+Suppliers?structure=page24182&page_ref_id=746

https://www.wtwales.org/plantwildflowers


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Figure 1. 2F Schwegler bat tube

The 2F is the standard and most popular bat box and is ideal as a starter box to see if there

are bats in your area or to provide much needed secure roosting space. It has been

designed as a summer roosting space for bats and has a simple entrance hole at the front. It

has a removable front panel and can be converted in to a bird nest box using a replacement

1B front panel if there is no evidence of bat activity after a couple of years. The 2F is

manufactured from long-lasting Woodcrete, which is a blend of wood, concrete and clay

which will not rot, leak, crack or warp, and will last for at least 20 – 25 years, making it

suitable for long-term mitigation projects. Woodcrete is breathable and maintains a stable

temperature inside the box and the 2F is painted black to absorb warmth. It also provides a

good rough surface for bats to cling on to and climb. The 2F bat box can be sited in trees or

on buildings and is best positioned at a height of between 3 to 6 metres. Bat boxes should

ideally be sited in open sunny positions and in groups of 3 to 5 boxes facing different

directions to provide a variety of microhabitats. Please note that once bats have inhabited a

roost site, they may only be disturbed by a licensed bat worker (taken from NHBS website).

With respect to roosting opportunities on buildings present on Site, there is potential to use

boxes suitable for wall installation (for example, the Schwegler 2FE wall-mounted bat shelter

Figure 2), fitting them somewhere sheltered, and with easy access to foraging habitat such

as adjacent woodland, or the cemetery to the east, such as the easterly-facing wall of the

Pencil Building, or on the high stone walls on the lower campus. These should be fitted

under the guidance of a suitably qualified ecologist.

Figure 2. Schwegler 2FE wall-mounted bat shelter.


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The Schwegler 2FE wall-mounted bat shelter can be fixed to outside walls to provide a

summer hide-away for bats, with Common Pipistrelle, Natterer's Bat and Long-eared Bat

species using it, often in small groups. The interior has shaped cavities in various sizes

where the animals can roost giving optimum body contact. It is made from Schwegler wood-

concrete, which can be painted with air-permeable paint when installed on external walls.

5.5. Bird boxes

There are opportunities to install bird boxes around the Site, including buildings on Site and

within the scattered tree habitat.

Swifts

For example, at least 2 No. 17A Schwegler Swift Nest Boxes (Triple Cavity) (Figure 3) could

be situated at height on the Pencil Building and the Elaine Morgan Building at the Site,

ensuring that there is unobstructed access for birds entering or leaving and they are in a cool

location. These Swift Nest Boxes can help this species by providing valuable nesting

locations, and installation of several units is an ideal way to support a Swift colony. The Swift

Box No. 17A is made from a special mixture of compressed plant fibres and concrete which

enables it to provide good insulation and an extremely long life. This is an extended box that

can accommodate three pairs of swifts in parallel, assisting in the rapid formation of swift

colonies. The box is supplied in a natural grey colour, but can be painted to match the

background using an air-permeable paint (taken from NHBS website). Swifts can be

encouraged to occupy such boxes by broadcasting pre-recorded swift nesting calls during

the nesting season.

Figure 3. No. 17A Swift Nest Box (Triple Cavity)

Sparrows

New nesting opportunities should be provided for Sparrows, through the provision of bird

nesting boxes: this could include several Sparrow Terraces (Schwegler 1SP Figure 4) fitted

to suitable buildings around the Site: any that have sheltered, south, east or south-east

facing walls, facing towards suitable woodland or other semi-natural habitat. This terrace has

been designed to help redress the balance of falling House Sparrow numbers. The current

UK population of 6 million pairs is half what it was in 1980 and this is thought to be due to

habitat destruction and lack of suitable nesting spaces. Sparrows are social birds and like to

nest in company. Each terrace provides ideal nesting opportunities for three families. Made

of wood-concrete mix, this terrace is durable, breathable and will last many decades.


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Figure 4. Schwegler 1SP Sparrow Terrace

The terrace can be fixed on to the surface of a suitable wall or incorporated into the wall. It is

suitable for all types of houses in built-up areas, and on industrial and agricultural buildings

such as barns, sheds and factories. Due to its weight (15kg), it is not suitable for fences or

garden sheds. Ideally place the terrace two metres or more above the ground. Either

installed on the surface of the wall using the plugs and screws, or installed directly into the

wall. Cleaning is advisable but not necessary. The front panel can be removed by turning the

screw hook. The Sparrow Terrace is available in either Stone or Brown (taken from NHBS

website).

Scattered trees

The Schwegler 1B nest box can be used on scattered mature and early-mature trees and

provides much-needed breeding and roosting space for a wide-range of cavity nesting

species, including a range of Tits, Redstart, Nuthatch, Flycatchers, Sparrows and Wren

(Figure 5). The box comes with a range of different entrance hole sizes to prevent species

from competing with each other for space. The box can be attached to a tree using an

aluminium nail or hanging over a branch, and is made from Woodcrete to ensure long-lasting

use. The front panel is removable for inspection and cleaning.

Figure 5. Schwegler 1B nest box.


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5.6. Enhancement for Invertebrates

In addition to enhancing overall Site biodiversity through the planting of native woody shrubs

and trees, and increasing the biodiversity of grassland and nectar-rich species, there may be

opportunities for providing insect boxes around the Site, for example, within areas of raised

introduced shrub planting within the upper and lower campuses (Schwegler Clay and Reed

Insect Nest, Figure 6). There may also be opportunities to install Bumblebee nests in

suitable locations at the westerly grassland slope in the upper campus or raised bed and

boundary planting areas.

Figure 6. Schwegler Clay and Reed Insect Nest.

5.7. Ponds and watercourses

There is potential within the Site to create ponds in peripheral areas which are not subject to

pedestrian foot-fall or amenity use. These should be in open or partially-shaded locations,

and lined to create shallow pond profiles where native bankside, emergent and aquatic

vegetation can thrive. Further information and advice on suitable locations, planting and

development can be found from a range of sources, including the Fresh Water Habitats

Trust (freshwaterhabitats.org.uk ) and Buglife (www.buglife.org.uk ).

The area of issue in the north-eastern-most corner of the upper campus could also be

developed to create a species-rich marshy area, with the aim of supporting a wider range of

native flora and fauna, including bryophyte communities. Investigation of the off-site water

course and consideration of development of a soakaway at the foot of the slope would be

required. Development of this area would benefit in terms of on-going management of the

trickle-stream issue, and potential undermining of the current retaining wall.

5.8. Reptile hibernacula

It is likely that Slow Worm are present within this Site. To enhance the site for this reptile and

overwintering invertebrates, reptile hibernacula could be created.

http://freshwaterhabitats.org.uk/

http://www.buglife.org.uk/


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The following has been taken from The Reptile Habitat Management Handbook, Published

by Amphibian and Reptile Conservation, 655A Christchurch Road, Boscombe,

Bournemouth, BH1 4AP. ISBN 978-0-9566717-0-7:

The body of a reptile hibernaculum can contain a range of materials. For example, cut timber, brash, inert hardcore, bricks, rocks, grubbed up tree roots or building rubble. These features can provide a convenient way of using waste materials and arisings from site management. Materials that will decompose should not be placed beneath heavy components such as bricks or rocks, to avoid the risk of collapse. Wood chippings or loose topsoil can be incorporated into the construction, to pack some of the larger cavities (reptiles can squeeze into small spaces, which may afford them protection from predators, such as mustelids or rats). There should be access points around the edges. These are best created by ensuring that timber or rubble protrudes from the edge, creating crevices that allow reptiles to get deep inside. It is not recommended to use pipes to create access points. Reptiles appear to prefer using more ‘natural’ cracks and holes. Pipes are also prone to blocking or becoming dislodged with time, meaning that access is considerably limited if they are the only entrance and exit points. There is no single perfect hibernation site, and managers should consider what fits best on their site. The key design features are;

• a sunny position,

• a well-drained site, not prone to flooding,

• orientation so that one of the long banks faces south,

• access to reptiles through openings of some sort,

• location in a patch of habitat favourable for dispersal, such as tussocky grassland,

• minimal public disturbance,

• size at least 4 m long, by 2 m wide by 1 m high, and ideally much larger.

Depending on soil conditions and hydrology, it is often preferable to dig a pit, and then place the materials partially buried inside, rather than just creating a mound on the surface. Materials to help drainage, such as slotted pipes and gravel, can be placed in the structure. However, on impermeable soils or in low-lying areas it may be safer to create an entirely above-ground structure, to reduce the risk of winter flooding. In areas of grassland or other herbaceous vegetation, turf should be removed from the footprint of the reptile bank, so that it can used to cover the completed construction. In most cases the rapid establishment of vegetation cover on reptile banks will be important. If this cannot be achieved by use of turf, then seeding with a meadow mix may be required. It can be beneficial to plant or translocate scrub to the immediate north of the feature, as this will provide shelter and cover.

5.9. On-going biodiversity management and further surveys

It is recommended that a five-year Biodiversity Management Plan for this Site, in conjunction

with all other USW campus sites, should be drawn up and implemented, setting out key

biodiversity features and assets of the site, with proposed management schema to maintain

or enhance the habitats and potential for wildlife. Further surveys may be required to:

provide additional data; refine the current biodiversity survey; confirm the use of any

biodiversity enhancements, such as bat or bird boxes; clarify any statutory responsibilities

and inform on-going management. This plan should be reviewed and updated at five-yearly

intervals. It is recommended that appropriate local bodies and stakeholders be included as

consultees.

There is evidence to suggest that bats are roosting in the Pencil Building (upper campus)

and Library (lower campus). Roosting should be confirmed by a suitably qualified and


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licenced ecologist. Depending on the outcome of that assessment, management may be

recommended that is species and site specific.


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References

Berthinussen, A. and Altringham, J. (2012) The effect of a major road on bat activity and diversity. Journal of Applied Ecology, 49, 82-89. Clements, D. (2013) University Glamorgan Biodiversity Audit: Glyntaff Campus. David Clements Ecology Ltd. CIEEM, 2016. Guidelines for Ecological Impact Assessment: Terrestrial, Freshwater and Coastal. Technical Guidance Series. Chartered Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management, 43 Southgate Street, Winchester, Hampshire.

Collins, J. (ed.), 2016. Bat Surveys for Professional Ecologists: Good Practice Guidelines

(3rd edition). The Bat Survey Trust, London. ISBN-13 978-1-872745-96-1

Institute of Environmental Assessment (IEA), 1995. Guidelines for Baseline Ecological

Assessment, Institute of Environmental Assessment. E&FN Spon, aJn Imprint of Chapman

and Hall. London.

Joint Nature Conservation Committee, 2010. Handbook for Phase 1 Habitat Survey - a

Technique for Environmental Audit. Reprinted by JNCC, Peterborough

JNCC and Defra (on behalf of the Four Countries’ Biodiversity Group), 2012. UK Post-2010

Biodiversity Framework. July 2012.

Stace, C., 1997. New Flora of the British Isles. 2nd edition. Cambridge University Press,

Cambridge.

Walsh, A. L. and Harris, S. 1996. Foraging habitat preferences of vespertilionid bats in Britain. Journal of Applied Ecology 33: 508-518.

http://www.jncc.gov.uk/page-2468

http://www.jncc.gov.uk/page-2468


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Appendix 1: Species recorded during Site survey

Trees and shrubs Additional species recorded during 2012 audit Notable

Acer campestre Field Maple

Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore

Aesculus hippocastanum Horse Chestnut

Betula pendula Silver Birch

Berberis japonica Japanese Barberry

Buddleia davidii Buddleia

Calluna vulgaris Heather

Carpinus betulus Hornbeam

Cornus sp, Dogwood (non-native)

Corylus avellana Hazel

Cotoneaster sp. Cotoneaster Potentially

Schedule 9

Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn

Cupressus sp. A Cypress

Cupressocyparis x leylandii Leyland Cypress

Elaeagnus sp. Oleaster

Fagus sylvatica Beech

Fallopia japonica Japanese Knotweed Schedule 9

Fraxinus excelsior Ash

Hebe sp. Hebe

Ilex aquifolium Holly

Impatiens glandulifera Himalayan Balsam Schedule 9

Ligustrum japonicum Japanese Privet

Ligustrum ovalifolium Garden Privet

Malus cv. Cultivated Apple

Populus sp. Poplar

Prunus avium Wild Cherry

Prunus cv. Ornamental Cherry

Prunus laurocerasus Cherry Laurel

Quercus ilex Holm Oak

Quercus robar Pedunculate Oak

Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble


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Salix caprea Goat Willow

Salix cinerea agg. Grey Willow

Salix sp. Hybrid Willow

Sambucus nigra Elder

Sorbus acuparia Rowan

Sorbus sp. A Whitebeam

Ulex europaeus European Gorse

Ulmus laevis European White Elm

Herbaceous plants Additional species recorded during 2012 audit Notable

Achillea millefolium Yarrow

Agrostis capillaris Common Bent

Ajuga reptans Bugle

Alopecurus geniculatus Marsh Foxtail

Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass

Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass

Splenium trichomanes Maidenhair Spleenwort

Bellis perennis Daisy

Bergenia sp. Bergenia

Brachypodium sylvaticum False-brome

Bromus hordeaceous Soft Brome

Bromus sp. Brome

Cardamine hirsuta Hairy Bitter-cress

Cardamine pratensis Cuckoo-flower

Carex flacca Glaucous Sedge

Carex hirta Hairy Sedge

Carex pendula Pendulous Sedge

Centaurea nigra Common Knapweed

Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear

Chamerion angustifolium Rosebay Willowherb

Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Opposite-leaved Golden Saxifrage

Circaea lutetiana Enchanter's-nightshade

Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle

Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle

Clematis vitalba Traveller's Joy

Cymbalaria muralis Ivy-leaved Toadflax

Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot


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Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hairgrass

Dipsacus fullonum Teasel

Dryopteris filix-mas Common Male-fern

Elytrigia repens Common Couch-grass

Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb

Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail

Festuca rubra Red Fescue

Fragaria vesca Wild Strawberry

Galium aparine Cleavers

Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Cranesbill

Geranium robertianum Herb Robert

Geum urbanum Wood Avens

Glyceria declinata Small Sweet-grass

Hedera helix Ivy

Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed

Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog

Hupochaeris radicata Common Cat's-ear

Iris pseudoacorus Yellow Iris

Juncus articulatus Jointed Rush

Juncus effusus Soft Rush

Lapsana communis Nipplewort

Lathyrus pratensis Meadow Vetchling

Leontodon hispidus Rough Hawkbit

Leucanthemum vulgare Oxeye Daisy

Linaria purpurea Purple Toadflax

Lolium perenne Perennial Rye

Lonicera periclymenum Honeysuckle

Lotus corniculatus Common Bird's-foot Trefoil

Lotus corniculatus var. sativus Fodder Bird's-foot

Trefoil

Luzula campestris Field Wood-rush

Mycelis muralis Wall Lettuce

Myosotis discolor Changing Forget-me-not

Ophyrus apifera Bee Orchid (by personal communication)

Pilosella officianarum Mouse-eared Hawkweed

Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain


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Plantago major Broad-leaved Plantain

Poa annua Annual Meadow-grass

Poa pratensis Smooth Meadow-grass

Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass

Potentilla anserina Silverweed

Potentilla vulgaris Creeping Cinquefoil

Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup

Ranunculus ficaria Lesser Celandine

Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup

Rubus fruticosus Bramble

Rumex acetosa Common Sorrel

Rumex crispus Curled Dock

Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock

Senecio jacobaea Ragwort

Senecio squalidus Oxford Ragwort

Senecio vulgaris Groundsel

Shedonorus pratensis Meadow Fescue

Silene flos-cuculi Ragged Robin

Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle

Sonchus oleraceous Smooth Sow-thistle

Stellaria media Common Chickweed

Taraxacum officinalis agg. Dandelion

Teucrium scorodonia Wood Sage

Trifolium campestre Hop Trefoil

Trifolium dubium Lesser Trefoil

Trifolium medium Zig-zag Clover

Trifolium pratense Red Clover

Trifolium repens White Clover

Urtica dioica Common Nettle

Veronica beccabunga Brooklime

Veronica Chamaedrys Germander Speedwell

Veronica filiformis Slender Speedwell

Veronica persica Common Field Speedwell

Vicia sativa Common Vetch

Vicia sepium Bush Vetch

Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue


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Invertebrates Additional species recorded during 2012 audit Notable

Anthocharis cardamines Orange-tip

Apis mellifera Honeybee

Calopteryx virgo Beautiful Demoiselle

Centroptilum sp. Mayfly

Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly

Bombus lucoram White-tailed Bumblebee

Pieris rapae Small White

Scatophaga stercoraria Dung Fly

Birds Additional species recorded during 2012 audit Notable

Corvus monedula Jackdaw

Erythacus rubecula Robin

Phylloscopus collybita Chiffchaff

Sylvia atricapilla Blackcap

Troglodytes troglodytes Wren

Turdus merula Blackbird

Reptiles Additional species recorded during 2012 audit Notable

Anguis fragilis Slow Worm Schedule 5;

Wales BAP


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Appendix 2

Legislation and Policy used to assess habitats and species

Environment (Wales) Act 2016

This Act of the National Assembly for Wales puts in place legislation to enable the on-going

planning and management of the natural resources of Wales.

European Habitats and Species Directive (CEC, 1992)

The main aim of the Habitats Directive is to promote the maintenance of biodiversity by

requiring Member States to take measures to maintain or restore natural habitats and wild

species listed on the Annexes to the Directive at a favourable conservation status,

introducing robust protection for those habitats and species of European importance.

European Red Data lists (IUCN, 2000)

International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN and the European Commission have

been working together on an initiative to assess around 6,000 European species according

to IUCN regional Red Listing Guidelines. Through this process they have produced a

European Red List identifying those species which are threatened with extinction at the

European level so that appropriate conservation action can be taken to improve their status.

European Council Birds Directive (CEC, 1979)

The Directive provides a framework for the conservation and management of, and human

interactions with, wild birds in Europe. An important part of this Directive is the identification

and classification of Special Protected Areas (SPAs) to protected vulnerable bird species

listed in Annex 1 of the Directive and regularly occurring migrating species.

The Wildlife and Countryside Act (WCA) 1981 (as amended)

This Act is the primary legislation that protects animals, plants and certain habitats in the UK.

The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017

The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017 consolidate and update the

Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2010, and transpose Council Directive

92/43/EEC on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora (“the Habitats

Directive”) and elements of Directive 2009/147/EC on the conservation of wild birds (“the

Birds Directive”) in England, Wales, and to limited extent, Scotland and Northern Ireland.

The objectives of the Habitats Directive is to protect biodiversity through the conservation of

natural habitats and species of wild fauna and flora. The Directive lays down rules for the

protection, management and exploitation of such habitats and species.

The Regulations place a duty on the Secretary of State to propose a list of sites which are

important for either habitats or species. These sites form a network termed Natura 2000 and

include Special Areas of Conservation and Special Protection Areas.

https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2017/1012/pdfs/uksi_20171012_en.pdf

http://www.defra.gov.uk/wildlife-pets/wildlife/protect/bird-habitat/habitat2010.htm


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Protection of Badgers Act 1992

The Protection of Badgers Act 1992 consolidated and improved previous legislation. Under

the Act it is an offence to kill, injure or take a Badger, or to damage or interfere with a sett

used by a Badger unless a licence is obtained from a statutory authority.

The Hedgerow Regulations 1997

The Hedgerows Regulations 1997 protect certain hedgerows from being removed (uprooted

or destroyed) if they meet certain criteria.

The Countryside and Rights of Way (CRoW) Act 2000

This Act increases measures for the management and protection for Sites of Special

Scientific Interest (SSSI) and strengthens wildlife enforcement legislation.

Circular 06/2005 Biodiversity and geological conservation – statutory obligations and

their impact within the planning system

This circular provides administrative guidance on the application of the law relating to

planning and nature conservation as it applies in England. It complements the national

planning policy in the National Planning Policy Framework and the Planning Practice

Guidance.

Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006

The Act made amendments to the both the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 and the

Countryside and Rights of Way (CROW) Act 2000. For example, it extended the CROW

biodiversity duty to public bodies and statutory undertakers.

UK Post-2010 Biodiversity Framework, 2012

The ‘UK Post-2010 Biodiversity Framework’, published in July 2012, succeeds the UK BAP

and ‘Conserving Biodiversity – the UK Approach’, and is the result of a change in strategic

thinking.

The natural choice: securing the value of nature (2011) (Natural Environment White

Paper)

This White Paper outlines the Governments vision for the future of landscape and

ecosystem services.

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/1160/contents/made

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/1160/schedule/1/made

http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-6189

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