biogeochemical cycles 3-4

BIOGEOCHEMICALCYCLES

3-4

http://www.animationlibrary.com/search/?keywords=recycle

See a video clip aboutCYCLES IN NATURE - Chap 3

Energy is not the only thingthat moves through the ecosystem.

Atoms are never destroyed . . . only transformed.

http://mff.dsisd.net/Environment/Cycles.htm

Take a deep breath.The atoms you just inhaled may have been inhaled by a dinosaur millions of years ago.

http://educ.queensu.ca/~fmc/august2004/pages/dinobreath.html

ENERGY & MATTER

4 ATOMS make up 95% of the body in most organisms

CARBON

HYDROGEN

OXYGEN

NITROGEN

The same molecules are passed around again and again within the biosphere in___________________________BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES

WATER CYCLE= ___________________HYDROLOGIC CYCLE

http://www.urbanrivers.org/water_cycle.html

WHY IS WATER IMPORTANT?Makes up 60-70% of your body

Oxygen and Hydrogen are found in all the ________________________: carbohydrates, proteins,

nucleic acids, lipids

Hydrogen in H2O supplies protons (H+) & electrons for_______________

http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/molecule.htm

building blocks of cells

photosynthesis

WHY IS WATER IMPORTANT?Water is a good _________________Many molecules dissolve in water so itprovides a place for chemical reactionsto happen

Water doesn’t change temperature easily so it helps with__________________

http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/molecule.htm

SOLVENT

HOMEOSTASIS

WATER CYCLE

evaporation

condensation

http://www.radio-canada.ca/jeunesse/fd6/000_images/cat/c_buee_c.gif

The return of water tothe surface in the form ofrain, snow, sleet, hail, etc.= ____________________

The evaporation of water from the surface of plant leaves = ________________

http://www.css.cornell.edu/faculty/hmv1/watrshed/Etrans.htm

TRANSPIRATION

PRECIPITATION

PH ONLINE LINK Put in code: cbp-2033 Choose Start

Image edited from: http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/water.html

WATER CYCLE

http://www.phschool.com/science

CARBON CYCLECO2 inatmosphere

CO2 inocean

BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006

4 main CARBON reservoirs in BIOSPHERE

CO2 inatmosphere

CO2 inOcean


1.In ____________ as CO2 gas 2.In _______ as dissolved CO2 gas3.On _______ in organisms, rocks, soil4.__________ as coal & petroleum (fossil fuels) and

calcium carbonate in rocks

atmosphereoceanland

Underground

Where does CO2 in atmosphere come from? CO2 in

atmosphere

CO2 inOcean


1.________________ 2.______________ 3._________________4.____________ of dead organisms

Volcanic activityHuman activity (burning fossil fuels)Cellular respiration

Decomposition

WHY IS CARBON IMPORTANT?

Found in all the _______________ of cells: carbohydrates, proteins,

nucleic acids, lipids

Image by Riedell

http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/12-dna.htm

BUILDING BLOCKS

WHY IS CARBON IMPORTANT?

Carbon in CO2 provides the atoms for __________ production during __________________... the fuel that all living things depend on.

http://www.science.siu.edu/plant-biology/PLB117/JPEGs%20CD/0076.JPG http://www.biologyclass.net/mitochondria.jpg

GLUCOSEPHOTOSYNTHESIS

N2 in Atmosphere

NH3

NO3-

and NO2-

Section 3-3

NITROGEN CYCLE


WHY IS NITROGEN IMPORTANT?

Image by Riedell

__________________make DNA and RNA

Adenine (nitrogen base) is used in _______

Makes AMINO part of _________ (proteins)

Image by Riedell


NITROGEN BASES

ATP

amino acids

79% of the atmosphere is made up of NITROGEN gas

(N2)

Image by Riedell Image by Riedell


BUT we _____ use the nitrogen gas we breathe!

The bond in N2 gas is sostrong it can only be broken by__________________________________________________

CAN’T

lightning

Volcanic activity

few special bacteria

http://www.slic2.wsu.edu:82/hurlbert/micro101/images/101nodules21.gif

Bacteria that live ______________and in _________ relationships withplants called _________, take nitrogen from the atmosphere and turn it into ______________, a form that is usable by plants.

THIS PROCESSIS CALLED_________________

in the soil

symbiotic

legumes

AMMONIA (NH3)

NITROGEN FIXATION

Image from: http://www.utdallas.edu/images/departments/biology/misc/gonzalez-image.jpg and http://www.cibike.org/CartoonEating.gif modified by Riedell

Other bacteria in the soil convertammonia into ________________& _________________which plants can also use. The nitrogen we need for proteins, ATP, and nucleic acids comes from

the ___________ ___________ we breathe!

NITRATES (NO3- )

FOOD WE EAT

NOT THE AIR

& NITRITES (NO2-)

N2 in Atmosphere

NH3

NO3-

and NO2-

Section 3-3

NITROGEN CYCLE


Bacteria that live ______________also carry out the reverse process

___________ → _____________.

THIS PROCESSIS CALLED_________________

in the soil

NITRATES & NITRITES NITROGEN GAS

DENITRIFICATION

PHOSPHORUS CYCLE

Weathering wears away rocks and sediments and releases phosphate into soil and water

Image from: Pearson Education Inc; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall

Producers absorb phosphate from soil and water

Phosphate moves through food web

Phosphate returns to soil and water from waste or decomposition

Sediments form “new land”to complete cycle

Phosphorus cycle is only

biogeochemicalcycle that does NOT cycle through

the ______________


atmosphere

WHY IS PHOSPHORUS IMPORTANT?

Image by Riedell

Makes DNA and RNA

Transfers energy as ATP

Makes phospholipids for cell membranes

Image by Riedell


SOUTH DAKOTA CORE SCIENCE STANDARDS

9-12.L.3.1. Students are able to identify factors that can cause changes in stability of populations, communities, and ecosystems.

• Define populations, communities, ecosystems, niches

and symbiotic relationships.• Predict the results of biotic and abiotic interactions.

Examples:Dormancy and migrationFluctuation in available resources (water, food, shelter)Biogeochemical cycles Energy flowCooperation and competition in ecosystems

LIFE SCIENCE:Indicator 3: Analyze how organisms are linked to one another and the environment.


9-12.L.3.1. Students are able to identify factors that can cause changes in stability of populations, communities, and ecosystems.

• Define populations, communities, ecosystems, niches and symbiotic relationships.

• Predict the results of biotic and abiotic interactions.

Examples:

Fluctuation in available resources (water, food, shelter)Energy flow


Core High School Life/Earth Science

Performance Descriptors

High school students performing at the ADVANCED level:

predict the effect of an interruption in a given cycles

High school students performing at the

PROFICIENT level:

predict how life systems respond to changes in the environment;

explain how H20, N, C, and O cycle between living and non-living systems;

describe how various factors may affect global climate;

High school students performing at the BASIC level:

given pictorial representations of the H20 and C cycles explain how elements and compounds move between living and nonliving systems

describe one factor that may affect global climate


9-12.L.3.1. Students are able to identify factors that can cause changes in stability of populations, communities,

and ecosystems. • Predict the results of biotic and abiotic interactions.

Examples:

Fluctuation in available resources (water, food, shelter) Biogeochemical cycles


9-12.E.1.1. Students are able to explain how elements and compounds cycle between living and non-living systems.

• Diagram and describe the N, C, O and H2O cycles.

• Describe the importance of the N, C, O and H2O cycles to life on this planet.

Examples: water cycle including evaporation, cloud formation, condensation.

Indicator 1: Analyze the various structures and processes of the Earth system.

SOUTH DAKOTA CORE EARTH SCIENCE STANDARDS

SOUTH DAKOTA ADVANCED SCIENCE STANDARDS

9-12.E.1.1.A Students are able to explain how elements and compounds cycle between living and non-living systems.

• Diagram and describe the P, S, and Ca cycles.

EARTH SCIENCE:Indicator 1: Analyze the various structures and processes of the Earth system.

Core High School Earth SciencePerformance Descriptors


ADVANCED level:

predict the effect of an interruption in a given cycles;

predict how human activity may change the land, ocean, and atmosphere of Earth.


PROFICIENT level:


explain how human activity changes the land, ocean, and atmosphere of Earth.


BASIC level


give an example of human activity that changes the land, ocean, or atmosphere of Earth.

IMAGE BIBLIOGRAPHY

Paint image by Riedell

Paint image by Riedell

http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookCHEM2.html#Organic%20molecules

http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/summer2004/lect02.htm

http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/images/dna_bases.gif

http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/golgi.html

http://www.science.siu.edu/plant-biology/PLB117/JPEGs%20CD/0076.JPG

http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_nucleus.html

http://classes.kumc.edu/som/bioc801/lectures/images/mem01-08.gif

http://bioweb.wku.edu/courses/BIOL115/Wyatt/Biochem/Carbos/Carb_poly.gif

http://www.agen.ufl.edu/~chyn/age2062/lect/lect_19/147b.gif

http://www.carolguze.com/text/102-19-tissuesorgansystems.shtml

http://academic.pg.cc.md.us/~aimholtz/AandP/206_ONLINE/Immune/Innate_Images/cilia.jpg

http://www.biologyclass.net/mitochondria.jpe

http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookAnimalTS.html

http://www.kufm.kagoshima-u.ac.jp/~anatomy2/BON/1016A03.jpg

http://www.ncu.edu.tw/~ls/graph/faculty_pictures/whole_time/SLC/SLC_lab-1.jpg

http://www.proctitispages.force9.co.uk/

http://www.inclusive.co.uk/downloads/images/pics2/tree.gif

http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/homepage.htm

http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/animal%20dissections.htm

http://bestanimations.com

http://www.harrythecat.com/graphics/

http://vilenski.org/science/safari/fungus/fungus.html

biogeochemical cycles 3-4

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