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    BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA ll. Report No. 63321SHEET JPRS

    4. I"nle and Subrni

  • JPRS 63321

    30 October 1974

    BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RADIOFREQUENCY .. ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS

    Moscow 0 B10LOGICHESKOM DEYSTV11 ELEKTROMAGN1TNYKH POLEY RAD10CHASTOT in Russian No 4, 1973

    ~dited byZ. V. Gordon, signed to press 14 December 1973,~o~ies]

    CONTENTS PAGE

    Foreword CA. I. Berg) I

    New Results of Investigations on the Problems of Work Hygiene and the Biological Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Waves

    (Z. V. Gor.don) 2

    Major Trends in the Scientific Organization of Work at Radio and Television Stations

    CP. p. Fukalova) 15

    Hygienic Evaluation of Working Conditions Involving Radiowave Emitters on the Basis of Dynamic Studies on the Nature of Radiation During a Work Shift

    (V. V. Markov) 25

    Methods for the Investigation of Radiation Field Distribution of Radar Stations at Civil Aviation Airports

    (N. D. Khramova) 32

    Regional Location of Meteorological Radar Stations eN. D. Khramova, et a1.) 38

    Distribution of Ultrashort Wave Fields in the Vicinities of Urban Television Centers

    (N. D. Khramova, et al.) .........................-............. . 46 The Clinic, Pathogenesis, Treatment, and Outcome of RadiOt'lave Sickness

    (M. N. Sadchikova, K. V. Glotova) 54

    - a - [I - USSR - C]

  • CONTENTS (Continued) Page

    Pathoanatomical Characterization of Changes Induced in Experimental Animals by Combined Irradiation With Microwaves and X-Rays

    (M. S. Tolgskaya, et a1.) 144

    Experimental Studies on the Biological Effects Evoked by Combined Exposure to Microwaves and High Air Temperature

    (K. V. Nikonova) 153

    Results of Experimental Studies on Electromagnetic Irradiation With Low Intensity USW, SW, and MW

    (P. p. Fukalova, et al.) 163

    Changes in Certain Protective Reactions of an Organism Under the Influence of SW in Experimental and Industrial Conditions

    (A. p. Volkova, p. p. Fukalova) 168

    Certain Principles Governing the Effects of Microwaves on K+ and Na+ Transport in Human Erythrocytes

    (V. M. Shtemler) 175

    The Effects of Microwaves on Actomyosin ATPase Activity (V. M. Shtemler) . 188

    The Dependence of the Temperature Response to Microwave Irradiation on the Initial Functional State of the CNS

    (Ye. A. Lobanova) 195

    Investigations on the Susceptibility of Animals to Microwave (MW) Irradiation Following Treatment With Pharmacologic Agents

    (Ye. A. Lobanova) 201

    Principles of Neurophysiological Investigations of Microwave Bioeffects and Changes in Elementary Excitable Structures on Exposure to Very Low Intensity Irradiation

    (M. S. Bychkov) 205

    The Problem of Glio-Neuronal Relationship in the Rat Cerebral Cortex During Long-Term Exposure to Microwaves

    (I. M. Kazbekov, Yeo A. Lobanova) 214

    Studies on the Reproduction and Testicular Microstructure of Mice Exposed to Microwaves

    (A. N. Bereznitskaya, I. M. Kazbekov) 221

    Embryotropic Effects of Microwaves (A. N. Bereznitskaya, T. Z. Rysina) 230

    - c

  • 3

    FOREWORD

    Moscow 0 BIOLOGICHESKOM DEYSTVII ELEKTROMAGNITNYKH POLEY RADIOCHASTOT in Russian 1973 p 5

    lArticle by Academician A.I. Berg]

    Liextl The problem pertaining to the influence exerted on the human organism by radiofrequency electromagnetic fields,which are a factor of the industrial environment and of every-day living conditions, continues not only to' be impcirtant but also acquires special significanrein view of developmerits in scionce and technology. This applies, first of all, to very low intensity ractiofrequencies, particularly the superhigh frequencies.

    During the last 20 years numerous studies have been published in the Soviet Union and abroad dealing with this problem. Among these studies a significant rlDce is held by the work conducted at the Laboratory of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Wave~ of the Order of the Red Banner of Labor Institute of Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases of the Academy of Medical Sciences USSH.

    This, the fourth, collection describing the work of this laboratory covers results ohtoined during the 1968-1972 period and undoubtedly represents

    fundamentally new outlook. Contained are results of studi~s and investi g~tions on hygienic standards during a period of extensive application of safety measures developed by Soviet scientists for improvi~g the sanitary level of industrial sites. Results are also presented on in-depth studies on the mechanism of D~tion of electromagnetic fields, including those at the level of fine physiological regulation, which are of interest not only in hiGlogy and medicine, but also in the sense of bionics.

    It cannot be doubted that the publication of tha present compendium will hove a profound effecton a wide circle of scientific and practical workers in the biomediciJl, engineering and technical fields.

    1

  • K.V. NikDnDva and I.P. SDkDIDva have shDwn cDnvincingly in animal experimentatiDn that at high intensities .of cDmbined radiatiDn synergism prevails, while in the case of IDng-term experiments with IDW intensities .of the cDmbined factDrs, the changes that resulted were nD greater than when the factDrs were emplDyed alDne. It ShDUld be nDted that at IDW levels .of radiatiDn the impDrtance .of the SHF fact Dr is mDre prDnDunced in thecDmbinatiDn. These findings guided .our apprDach in setting the hygienic standards fDr cDmbined effects .of SHF and sDft x-rays.

    A cDmbinatiDn .of SHF and elevated air temperature is frequently encDuntered in the industrial situatiDn, Dr it is related tD climatic cDnditions, and appears as an impDrtant hygienic factDr which required special studies fDr its resDlutiDn.

    At the present time, .on the basis .of the experimental studies .of K.V. NikDnDva, as well as .on the basis .of the data .of V.A. Zhuravleva L197~, there are reaSDns fDr believing that synergism prevails when the effects .of SHF and heat are cDmbined, and that furthermDre, .only heat alDne induces lesser changes in terms .of a number .of indices than the cDmbinatiDn .of heat and SHF .of athermal intensity. This emphasizes the significant changes that .occur within the .organism. and which apparently are due tD the impDrtant rDle .of micrDwave irradiatiDn. These investigatiDns require further expansiDn particularly when dealing with IDW intensity levels .of irradiatiDn, since they will be highly significant in setting hygienic standards fDr cases in which cDmbinatiDn .of SHF and heat exist.

    The fact that due cDnsideratiDn was given tD sanitary regulatiDns in planning and scientific DrganizatiDn .of work. resulted in effective hygienic prDtectiDn .of the persDnnel .of radiD and televisiDn statiDns frDm irradiatiDn, maintained their wDrk capability, created favDrable cDnditiDns fDr wDrk at the industrial sites, and SD fDrth. This entire set .of measures significantly imprDved wDrking cDnditiDns, and was largely due tD the effDrts .of a grDup .of scientific wDrkers under the leadership .of P.P. FukalDva.

    A new trend in .our investigatiDns deals with determining the significance .of cDnditiDns .of irradiatiDn tD which :persDnnel wDrking with emitters .of electrDmagneticwaves (EMW), including micrDwaves, are expDsed. It is generally recDgnized that until recent years hygienic studies did nDt take intD aCCDunt the dynamics .of irradiatiDn .of wDrkers emplDyed in handlingmicrDwave emitters.

    3

  • The second group consisted of subjects who commenced work at the installation after 1960, when the hygienic standards which we had formulated (1957) were already largely in force.

    Finally, the third group consisted of individuals who first started work at that enterprise during the last five or more years, and were not subjected to irradiation exceeding 10 mW/ sq cm.

    The clinical picture of the first two groups has been described by specialists at our clinic and at other clinics (E.A. Drogochina, M.N. Sadchikova, et al., N.V. Tyagin, N.V. Uspenskaya); they are characterized by the degree of clinical manifestations and the presence or absence of restorative processes.

    With respect to the third group, it can only be pointed out that some of these individuals showed limited changes which became evident during the clinical observation, but that they differed little from changes in the control group, and consequently, they cannot be related to the effects of SHF radiation.

    On the basis of this we feel that our closest attention must be accorded to the second group. The clinical picture of this group continues to remain unfavorable despite the relatively favorable working conditions. This may either be due to inadequacies in the hygienic standards, or to intermittent radiation.

    In order to understand the mechanism of action of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) on the entire organism, it is necessary to investigate every level of its vital activities. In connection with this it is necessary to conduct in-depth experimental and theoretical studies on the mechanism of the athermal action of microwave radiation on the molecules, elucidate the direct effects of microwaves on the excitability of isolated cells, and in connection with , this, study its effects on ion transport across cell membranes, and so forth.

    Already at the present time, in some cases, we may speak of a correlation of results of biophysical investigations with clinical findings. Thus, the data of V.M. Shtemler on the direct effects of microwave irradiation on the membranes of isolated erythrocytes, which results in changes in the transmembrane transport of Na+ and K+, and consequently a change in the transmembra