biological properties. biological attributes of a waterway can be important indicators of water...
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Biological Properties
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Biological Properties
• Biological attributes of a waterway can be important indicators of water quality. Biological attributes refer to the number and types of organisms that inhabit a waterway. The poorer the quality of water, the fewer the number and types of organisms that can live in it.
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Great candidates for biological monitoring…
Benthic Macroinvertebrates
Heptageniidae sp. (Mayfly larva)
Hydropsyche sp. (Caddisfly larva)
Perlodidae sp. (Stonefly larva)
(bottom-dwelling) (animals w/o backbones visible to naked eye)
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Macroinvertebrates as Indicators
• Limited migration patterns–good indicators of localized conditions and site-specific impacts
Easy to sample and identify
• Broad range of habitat requirements and sensitivities to pollution
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The Tolerance Index0 - 10
most pollution sensitivee.g. Stoneflies
0 10
most pollution tolerant e.g. Midges & Leeches
require high DO, clear water, rocky cobble substrate
contain hemoglobin, tolerate lower DO, prefer soft substrate, less sensitive to toxins
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Stonefly Water Penny Beetle Mayfly Dobsonfly
Alderfly Mussel Snipe Fly Riffle Beetle
Macroinvertebrates as Indicators
Pollution Sensitive (“Clean Water”) Benthos
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Macroinvertebrates as Indicators
Blackfly Caddisfly Isopod Cranefly
Damselfly Dragonfly Crayfish Amphipod
Somewhat Pollution Tolerant Benthos
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Macroinvertebrates as Indicators
Pouch Snail Midgefly Worm Leech
Pollution Tolerant (“Polluted Water”) Benthos
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