biology 363 vascular plants fall 2020 dr ...-- class: ophioglossopsida-- order: ophioglossales--...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ATTENTION STUDENTS
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
BIOLOGY 363
VASCULAR PLANTS
FALL 2020
DR. MENAPACE
![Page 2: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA
-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- ORDER: PSILOTALES
-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA
-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA
-- ORDER: EQUISETALES
-- CLASS: MARATTIOPSIDA
-- ORDER: MARATTIALES
-- CLASS: PTERIDOPSIDA
-- ORDER: PTERIDALES
-- ORDER: MARSILEALES
-- ORDER: SALVINIALES
!!!COPY!!!__________________________________________________________________
***CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA***
_________________________________________________________________
**COMMON NAME**
-- OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDS
**CHARACTERS**
![Page 3: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA
-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- ORDER: PSILOTALES
-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA
-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA
-- ORDER: EQUISETALES
-- CLASS: MARATTIOPSIDA
-- ORDER: MARATTIALES
-- CLASS: PTERIDOPSIDA
-- ORDER: PTERIDALES
-- ORDER: MARSILEALES
-- ORDER: SALVINIALES
!!!COPY!!!__________________________________________________________________
***CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA***
_________________________________________________________________
**COMMON NAME**
-- OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDS
**CHARACTERS**
![Page 4: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA
-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- ORDER: PSILOTALES
-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA
-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA
-- ORDER: EQUISETALES
-- CLASS: MARATTIOPSIDA
-- ORDER: MARATTIALES
-- CLASS: PTERIDOPSIDA
-- ORDER: PTERIDALES
-- ORDER: MARSILEALES
-- ORDER: SALVINIALES
!!!COPY!!!__________________________________________________________________
***CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA***
_________________________________________________________________
**COMMON NAME**
-- OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDS
**CHARACTERS**
![Page 5: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA
-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- ORDER: PSILOTALES
-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA
-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA
-- ORDER: EQUISETALES
-- CLASS: MARATTIOPSIDA
-- ORDER: MARATTIALES
-- CLASS: PTERIDOPSIDA
-- ORDER: PTERIDALES
-- ORDER: MARSILEALES
-- ORDER: SALVINIALES
!!!COPY!!!__________________________________________________________________
***CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA***
_________________________________________________________________
**COMMON NAME**
-- OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDS
**CHARACTERS**
![Page 6: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDS
**CHARACTERS**
-- TERRESTRIAL
-- RTS REDUCED
OR
RTS ABSENT
-- FD NON-REDUCED
OR
FD REDUCED
-- EUSPORANGIATE
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
OR
SYNANGIATE
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**ORDERS**
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
![Page 7: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDS
**CHARACTERS**
-- TERRESTRIAL
-- RTS REDUCED
OR
RTS ABSENT
-- FD NON-REDUCED
OR
FD REDUCED
-- EUSPORANGIATE
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
OR
SYNANGIATE
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**ORDERS**
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
![Page 8: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDS
**CHARACTERS**
-- TERRESTRIAL
-- RTS REDUCED
OR
RTS ABSENT
-- FD NON-REDUCED
OR
FD REDUCED
-- EUSPORANGIATE
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
OR
SYNANGIATE
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**ORDERS**
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
![Page 9: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDS
**CHARACTERS**
-- TERRESTRIAL
-- RTS REDUCED
OR
RTS ABSENT
-- FD NON-REDUCED
OR
FD REDUCED
-- EUSPORANGIATE
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
OR
SYNANGIATE
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**ORDERS**
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
![Page 10: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDS
**CHARACTERS**
-- TERRESTRIAL
-- RTS REDUCED
OR
RTS ABSENT
-- FD NON-REDUCED
OR
FD REDUCED
-- EUSPORANGIATE
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
OR
SYNANGIATE
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**ORDERS**
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
![Page 11: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDS
**CHARACTERS**
-- TERRESTRIAL
-- RTS REDUCED
OR
RTS ABSENT
-- FD NON-REDUCED
OR
FD REDUCED
-- EUSPORANGIATE
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
OR
SYNANGIATE
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**ORDERS**
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
![Page 12: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDS
**CHARACTERS**
-- TERRESTRIAL
-- RTS REDUCED
OR
RTS ABSENT
-- FD NON-REDUCED
OR
FD REDUCED
-- EUSPORANGIATE
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
OR
SYNANGIATE
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**ORDERS**
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
![Page 13: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDS
**CHARACTERS**
-- TERRESTRIAL
-- RTS REDUCED
OR
RTS ABSENT
-- FD NON-REDUCED
OR
FD REDUCED
-- EUSPORANGIATE
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
OR
SYNANGIATE
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**ORDERS**
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
![Page 14: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDS
**CHARACTERS**
-- TERRESTRIAL
-- RTS REDUCED
OR
RTS ABSENT
-- FD NON-REDUCED
OR
FD REDUCED
-- EUSPORANGIATE
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
OR
SYNANGIATE
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**ORDERS**
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
![Page 15: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
***ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES***
_________________________________________________________________
---COMMON NAME---
-- GRAPE-FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~100
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Ophioglossum
-- Botrychium
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
![Page 16: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
***ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES***
_________________________________________________________________
---COMMON NAME---
-- GRAPE-FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~100
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Ophioglossum
-- Botrychium
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
![Page 17: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
***ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES***
_________________________________________________________________
---COMMON NAME---
-- GRAPE-FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~100
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Ophioglossum
-- Botrychium
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
![Page 18: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
***ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES***
_________________________________________________________________
---COMMON NAME---
-- GRAPE-FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~100
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Ophioglossum
-- Botrychium
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
![Page 19: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
***ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES***
_________________________________________________________________
---COMMON NAME---
-- GRAPE-FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~100
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Ophioglossum
-- Botrychium
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
![Page 20: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
***ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES***
_________________________________________________________________
---COMMON NAME---
-- GRAPE-FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~100
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Ophioglossum
-- Botrychium
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
![Page 21: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
***ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES***
_________________________________________________________________
---COMMON NAME---
-- GRAPE-FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~100
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Ophioglossum
-- Botrychium
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
![Page 22: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
***ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES***
_________________________________________________________________
---COMMON NAME---
-- GRAPE-FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~100
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Ophioglossum
-- Botrychium
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
![Page 23: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
***ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES***
_________________________________________________________________
---COMMON NAME---
-- GRAPE-FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~100
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Ophioglossum
-- Botrychium
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
![Page 24: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
-- OPHIOGLOSSALES
-- PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
***ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES***
_________________________________________________________________
---COMMON NAME---
-- GRAPE-FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~100
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Ophioglossum
-- Botrychium
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
![Page 25: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
&
TEMPERATE
-- DOMINATELY TEMPERATE
**HABITAT**
-- FORESTS
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*KARYOTYPE*
-- K. = CHROMOSOME CHARACTERS
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
![Page 26: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
&
TEMPERATE
-- DOMINATELY TEMPERATE
**HABITAT**
-- FORESTS
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*KARYOTYPE*
-- K. = CHROMOSOME CHARACTERS
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
![Page 27: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
&
TEMPERATE
-- DOMINATELY TEMPERATE
**HABITAT**
-- FORESTS
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*KARYOTYPE*
-- K. = CHROMOSOME CHARACTERS
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
![Page 28: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
&
TEMPERATE
-- DOMINATELY TEMPERATE
**HABITAT**
-- FORESTS
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*KARYOTYPE*
-- K. = CHROMOSOME CHARACTERS
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
![Page 29: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
&
TEMPERATE
-- DOMINATELY TEMPERATE
**HABITAT**
-- FORESTS
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*KARYOTYPE*
-- K. = CHROMOSOME CHARACTERS
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
![Page 30: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
&
TEMPERATE
-- DOMINATELY TEMPERATE
**HABITAT**
-- FORESTS
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*KARYOTYPE*
-- K. = CHROMOSOME CHARACTERS
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
![Page 31: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
&
TEMPERATE
-- DOMINATELY TEMPERATE
**HABITAT**
-- FORESTS
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*KARYOTYPE*
-- K. = CHROMOSOME CHARACTERS
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
![Page 32: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
&
TEMPERATE
-- DOMINATELY TEMPERATE
**HABITAT**
-- FORESTS
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*KARYOTYPE*
-- K. = CHROMOSOME CHARACTERS
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
![Page 33: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
&
TEMPERATE
-- DOMINATELY TEMPERATE
**HABITAT**
-- FORESTS
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*KARYOTYPE*
-- K. = CHROMOSOME CHARACTERS
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
![Page 34: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
**DISTRIBUTION**
-- TROPICAL
&
TEMPERATE
-- DOMINATELY TEMPERATE
**HABITAT**
-- FORESTS
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*KARYOTYPE*
-- K. = CHROMOSOME CHARACTERS
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
![Page 35: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
!!!HIGHEST KNOWN VASCULAR PLT KARYOTYPES!!!
*ROOT*
-- TRUE RTS PRESENT
-- REDUCED
RT HAIRS ABSENT
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- SIPHONOSTELE
ECTOPHOLIC
---RHIZOME---
-- VERTICAL GROWTH
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
![Page 36: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
!!!HIGHEST KNOWN VASCULAR PLT KARYOTYPES!!!
*ROOT*
-- TRUE RTS PRESENT
-- REDUCED
RT HAIRS ABSENT
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- SIPHONOSTELE
ECTOPHOLIC
---RHIZOME---
-- VERTICAL GROWTH
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
![Page 37: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
!!!HIGHEST KNOWN VASCULAR PLT KARYOTYPES!!!
*ROOT*
-- TRUE RTS PRESENT
-- REDUCED
RT HAIRS ABSENT
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- SIPHONOSTELE
ECTOPHOLIC
---RHIZOME---
-- VERTICAL GROWTH
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
![Page 38: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
!!!HIGHEST KNOWN VASCULAR PLT KARYOTYPES!!!
*ROOT*
-- TRUE RTS PRESENT
-- REDUCED
RT HAIRS ABSENT
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- SIPHONOSTELE
ECTOPHOLIC
---RHIZOME---
-- VERTICAL GROWTH
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
![Page 39: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
!!!HIGHEST KNOWN VASCULAR PLT KARYOTYPES!!!
*ROOT*
-- TRUE RTS PRESENT
-- REDUCED
RT HAIRS ABSENT
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- SIPHONOSTELE
ECTOPHOLIC
---RHIZOME---
-- VERTICAL GROWTH
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
![Page 40: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
!!!HIGHEST KNOWN VASCULAR PLT KARYOTYPES!!!
*ROOT*
-- TRUE RTS PRESENT
-- REDUCED
RT HAIRS ABSENT
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- SIPHONOSTELE
ECTOPHOLIC
---RHIZOME---
-- VERTICAL GROWTH
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
![Page 41: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
!!!HIGHEST KNOWN VASCULAR PLT KARYOTYPES!!!
*ROOT*
-- TRUE RTS PRESENT
-- REDUCED
RT HAIRS ABSENT
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- SIPHONOSTELE
ECTOPHOLIC
---RHIZOME---
-- VERTICAL GROWTH
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
![Page 42: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
!!!HIGHEST KNOWN VASCULAR PLT KARYOTYPES!!!
*ROOT*
-- TRUE RTS PRESENT
-- REDUCED
RT HAIRS ABSENT
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- SIPHONOSTELE
ECTOPHOLIC
---RHIZOME---
-- VERTICAL GROWTH
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
![Page 43: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
!!!HIGHEST KNOWN VASCULAR PLT KARYOTYPES!!!
*ROOT*
-- TRUE RTS PRESENT
-- REDUCED
RT HAIRS ABSENT
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- SIPHONOSTELE
ECTOPHLOIC
---RHIZOME---
-- VERTICAL GROWTH
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
![Page 44: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
!!!HIGHEST KNOWN VASCULAR PLT KARYOTYPES!!!
*ROOT*
-- TRUE RTS PRESENT
-- REDUCED
RT HAIRS ABSENT
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- SIPHONOSTELE
ECTOPHLOIC
---RHIZOME---
-- VERTICAL GROWTH
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
![Page 45: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
!!!HIGHEST KNOWN VASCULAR PLT KARYOTYPES!!!
*ROOT*
-- TRUE RTS PRESENT
-- REDUCED
RT HAIRS ABSENT
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- SIPHONOSTELE
ECTOPHLOIC
---RHIZOME---
-- VERTICAL GROWTH
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
![Page 46: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
!!!HIGHEST KNOWN VASCULAR PLT KARYOTYPES!!!
*ROOT*
-- TRUE RTS PRESENT
-- REDUCED
RT HAIRS ABSENT
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- SIPHONOSTELE
ECTOPHLOIC
---RHIZOME---
-- VERTICAL GROWTH
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
![Page 47: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
-- HIGHEST VAS PLT CHROMOSOME NO.
EG Ophioglossum - 2N = 1260
!!!HIGHEST KNOWN VASCULAR PLT KARYOTYPES!!!
*ROOT*
-- TRUE RTS PRESENT
-- REDUCED
RT HAIRS ABSENT
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- SIPHONOSTELE
ECTOPHLOIC
---RHIZOME---
-- VERTICAL GROWTH
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
![Page 48: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
!!!ONLY KNOWN FERN W/ ~2 GROWTH!!!
*FROND*
-- 1 FROND/SEASON
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
---VERNATION---
-- CONDUPILCATE
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- COMPOUND
-- NON-FERTILE PINNA
PSYN
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
![Page 49: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
!!!ONLY KNOWN FERN W/ ~2 GROWTH!!!
*FROND*
-- 1 FROND/SEASON
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
---VERNATION---
-- CONDUPILCATE
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- COMPOUND
-- NON-FERTILE PINNA
PSYN
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
![Page 50: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
!!!ONLY KNOWN FERN W/ ~2 GROWTH!!!
*FROND*
-- 1 FROND/SEASON
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
---VERNATION---
-- CONDUPILCATE
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- COMPOUND
-- NON-FERTILE PINNA
PSYN
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
![Page 51: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
!!!ONLY KNOWN FERN W/ ~2 GROWTH!!!
*FROND*
-- 1 FROND/SEASON
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
---VERNATION---
-- CONDUPILCATE
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- COMPOUND
-- NON-FERTILE PINNA
PSYN
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
![Page 52: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
!!!ONLY KNOWN FERN W/ ~2 GROWTH!!!
*FROND*
-- 1 FROND/SEASON
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
---VERNATION---
-- CONDUPILCATE
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- COMPOUND
-- NON-FERTILE PINNA
PSYN
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
![Page 53: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
!!!ONLY KNOWN FERN W/ ~2 GROWTH!!!
*FROND*
-- 1 FROND/SEASON
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
---VERNATION---
-- CONDUPILCATE
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- COMPOUND
-- NON-FERTILE PINNA
PSYN
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
![Page 54: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
!!!ONLY KNOWN FERN W/ ~2 GROWTH!!!
*FROND*
-- 1 FROND/SEASON
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
---VERNATION---
-- CONDUPILCATE
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- COMPOUND
-- NON-FERTILE PINNA
PSYN
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
![Page 55: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
!!!ONLY KNOWN FERN W/ ~2 GROWTH!!!
*FROND*
-- 1 FROND/SEASON
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
---VERNATION---
-- CONDUPILCATE
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- COMPOUND
-- NON-FERTILE PINNA
PSYN
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
![Page 56: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
!!!ONLY KNOWN FERN W/ ~2 GROWTH!!!
*FROND*
-- 1 FROND/SEASON
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
---VERNATION---
-- CONDUPILCATE
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- COMPOUND
-- NON-FERTILE PINNA
PSYN
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
![Page 57: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
!!!ONLY KNOWN FERN W/ ~2 GROWTH!!!
*FROND*
-- 1 FROND/SEASON
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
---VERNATION---
-- CONDUPILCATE
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- COMPOUND
-- NON-FERTILE PINNA
PSYN
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
![Page 58: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
!!!ONLY KNOWN FERN W/ ~2 GROWTH!!!
*FROND*
-- 1 FROND/SEASON
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
---VERNATION---
-- CONDUPILCATE
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- COMPOUND
-- NON-FERTILE PINNA
PSYN
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
![Page 59: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
!!!ONLY KNOWN FERN W/ ~2 GROWTH!!!
*FROND*
-- 1 FROND/SEASON
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
---VERNATION---
-- CONDUPILCATE
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- COMPOUND
-- NON-FERTILE PINNA
PSYN
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
![Page 60: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
-- BRANCHING ABSENT
-- Botrychium - VASCULAR CAMBIUM PRESENT
!!!ONLY KNOWN FERN W/ ~2 GROWTH!!!
*FROND*
-- 1 FROND/SEASON
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
---VERNATION---
-- CONDUPILCATE
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- COMPOUND
-- NON-FERTILE PINNA
PSYN
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
![Page 61: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
---POSITION---
-- MODIFIED PINNULE
-- FOLIAR
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
*SPORE HABIT*
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**GAMETOPHYTE CHARACTERS**
---EXOSPORIC---
-- SUBTERRANEAN
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
![Page 62: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
---POSITION---
-- MODIFIED PINNULE
-- FOLIAR
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
*SPORE HABIT*
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**GAMETOPHYTE CHARACTERS**
---EXOSPORIC---
-- SUBTERRANEAN
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
![Page 63: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
---POSITION---
-- MODIFIED PINNULE
-- FOLIAR
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
*SPORE HABIT*
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**GAMETOPHYTE CHARACTERS**
---EXOSPORIC---
-- SUBTERRANEAN
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
![Page 64: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
---POSITION---
-- MODIFIED PINNULE
-- FOLIAR
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
*SPORE HABIT*
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**GAMETOPHYTE CHARACTERS**
---EXOSPORIC---
-- SUBTERRANEAN
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
![Page 65: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
---POSITION---
-- MODIFIED PINNULE
-- FOLIAR
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
*SPORE HABIT*
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**GAMETOPHYTE CHARACTERS**
---EXOSPORIC---
-- SUBTERRANEAN
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
![Page 66: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
---POSITION---
-- MODIFIED PINNULE
-- FOLIAR
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
*SPORE HABIT*
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**GAMETOPHYTE CHARACTERS**
---EXOSPORIC---
-- SUBTERRANEAN
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
![Page 67: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
---POSITION---
-- MODIFIED PINNULE
-- FOLIAR
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
*SPORE HABIT*
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**GAMETOPHYTE CHARACTERS**
---EXOSPORIC---
-- SUBTERRANEAN
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
![Page 68: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
---POSITION---
-- MODIFIED PINNULE
-- FOLIAR
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
*SPORE HABIT*
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**GAMETOPHYTE CHARACTERS**
---EXOSPORIC---
-- SUBTERRANEAN
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
![Page 69: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
---POSITION---
-- MODIFIED PINNULE
-- FOLIAR
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
*SPORE HABIT*
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**GAMETOPHYTE CHARACTERS**
---EXOSPORIC---
-- SUBTERRANEAN
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
![Page 70: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
---POSITION---
-- MODIFIED PINNULE
-- FOLIAR
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
*SPORE HABIT*
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**GAMETOPHYTE CHARACTERS**
---EXOSPORIC---
-- SUBTERRANEAN
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
![Page 71: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
---POSITION---
-- MODIFIED PINNULE
-- FOLIAR
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
*SPORE HABIT*
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**GAMETOPHYTE CHARACTERS**
---EXOSPORIC---
-- SUBTERRANEAN
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
![Page 72: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
---POSITION---
-- MODIFIED PINNULE
-- FOLIAR
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
*SPORE HABIT*
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**GAMETOPHYTE CHARACTERS**
---EXOSPORIC---
-- SUBTERRANEAN
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
![Page 73: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
-- FERTILE PINNA
NON-PSYN
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
---POSITION---
-- MODIFIED PINNULE
-- FOLIAR
-- NON-SYNANGIATE
*SPORE HABIT*
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**GAMETOPHYTE CHARACTERS**
---EXOSPORIC---
-- SUBTERRANEAN
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
![Page 74: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- BISEXUAL
***FOSSIL RECORD***
-- LIMITED
***PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP***
-- UNCERTAIN
-- APPARENT RELATIONSHIP W/ PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
****ORDER: PSILOTALES****
_________________________________________________________________
-- RECENTLY RECOGNIZED FERNS
-- PREVIOUS ASSINGED OWN PHYLUM
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
![Page 75: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- BISEXUAL
***FOSSIL RECORD***
-- LIMITED
***PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP***
-- UNCERTAIN
-- APPARENT RELATIONSHIP W/ PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
****ORDER: PSILOTALES****
_________________________________________________________________
-- RECENTLY RECOGNIZED FERNS
-- PREVIOUS ASSINGED OWN PHYLUM
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
![Page 76: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- BISEXUAL
***FOSSIL RECORD***
-- LIMITED
***PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP***
-- UNCERTAIN
-- APPARENT RELATIONSHIP W/ PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
****ORDER: PSILOTALES****
_________________________________________________________________
-- RECENTLY RECOGNIZED FERNS
-- PREVIOUS ASSINGED OWN PHYLUM
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
![Page 77: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- BISEXUAL
***FOSSIL RECORD***
-- LIMITED
***PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP***
-- UNCERTAIN
-- APPARENT RELATIONSHIP W/ PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
****ORDER: PSILOTALES****
_________________________________________________________________
-- RECENTLY RECOGNIZED FERNS
-- PREVIOUS ASSINGED OWN PHYLUM
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
![Page 78: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- BISEXUAL
***FOSSIL RECORD***
-- LIMITED
***PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP***
-- UNCERTAIN
-- APPARENT RELATIONSHIP W/ PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
****ORDER: PSILOTALES****
_________________________________________________________________
-- RECENTLY RECOGNIZED FERNS
-- PREVIOUS ASSINGED OWN PHYLUM
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
![Page 79: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- BISEXUAL
***FOSSIL RECORD***
-- LIMITED
***PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP***
-- UNCERTAIN
-- APPARENT RELATIONSHIP W/ PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
****ORDER: PSILOTALES****
_________________________________________________________________
-- RECENTLY RECOGNIZED FERNS
-- PREVIOUS ASSINGED OWN PHYLUM
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
![Page 80: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- BISEXUAL
***FOSSIL RECORD***
-- LIMITED
***PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP***
-- UNCERTAIN
-- APPARENT RELATIONSHIP W/ PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
****ORDER: PSILOTALES****
_________________________________________________________________
-- RECENTLY RECOGNIZED FERNS
-- PREVIOUS ASSINGED OWN PHYLUM
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
![Page 81: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- BISEXUAL
***FOSSIL RECORD***
-- LIMITED
***PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP***
-- UNCERTAIN
-- APPARENT RELATIONSHIP W/ PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
****ORDER: PSILOTALES****
_________________________________________________________________
-- RECENTLY RECOGNIZED FERNS
-- PREVIOUS ASSINGED OWN PHYLUM
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
![Page 82: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- BISEXUAL
***FOSSIL RECORD***
-- LIMITED
***PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP***
-- UNCERTAIN
-- APPARENT RELATIONSHIP W/ PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
****ORDER: PSILOTALES****
_________________________________________________________________
-- RECENTLY RECOGNIZED FERNS
-- PREVIOUS ASSINGED OWN PHYLUM
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
![Page 83: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- BISEXUAL
***FOSSIL RECORD***
-- LIMITED
***PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP***
-- UNCERTAIN
-- APPARENT RELATIONSHIP W/ PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
****ORDER: PSILOTALES****
_________________________________________________________________
-- RECENTLY RECOGNIZED FERNS
-- PREVIOUS ASSINGED OWN PHYLUM
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
![Page 84: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- BISEXUAL
***FOSSIL RECORD***
-- LIMITED
***PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP***
-- UNCERTAIN
-- APPARENT RELATIONSHIP W/ PSILOTALES
__________________________________________________________________
****ORDER: PSILOTALES****
_________________________________________________________________
-- RECENTLY RECOGNIZED FERNS
-- PREVIOUS ASSINGED OWN PHYLUM
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
![Page 85: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
---COMMON NAMES---
-- PSILOPHYTES
-- WHISK FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~12
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Psilotum
-- Tmesipteris
**DISTRIBUTION & HABITAT**
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
![Page 86: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
---COMMON NAMES---
-- PSILOPHYTES
-- WHISK FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~12
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Psilotum
-- Tmesipteris
**DISTRIBUTION & HABITAT**
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
![Page 87: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
---COMMON NAMES---
-- PSILOPHYTES
-- WHISK FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~12
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Psilotum
-- Tmesipteris
**DISTRIBUTION & HABITAT**
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
![Page 88: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
---COMMON NAMES---
-- PSILOPHYTES
-- WHISK FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~12
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Psilotum
-- Tmesipteris
**DISTRIBUTION & HABITAT**
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
![Page 89: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
---COMMON NAMES---
-- PSILOPHYTES
-- WHISK FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~12
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Psilotum
-- Tmesipteris
**DISTRIBUTION & HABITAT**
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
![Page 90: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
---COMMON NAMES---
-- PSILOPHYTES
-- WHISK FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~12
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Psilotum
-- Tmesipteris
**DISTRIBUTION & HABITAT**
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
![Page 91: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
---COMMON NAMES---
-- PSILOPHYTES
-- WHISK FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~12
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Psilotum
-- Tmesipteris
**DISTRIBUTION & HABITAT**
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
![Page 92: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
---COMMON NAMES---
-- PSILOPHYTES
-- WHISK FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~12
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Psilotum
-- Tmesipteris
**DISTRIBUTION & HABITAT**
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
![Page 93: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
---COMMON NAMES---
-- PSILOPHYTES
-- WHISK FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~12
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Psilotum
-- Tmesipteris
**DISTRIBUTION & HABITAT**
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
![Page 94: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
---COMMON NAMES---
-- PSILOPHYTES
-- WHISK FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~12
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Psilotum
-- Tmesipteris
**DISTRIBUTION & HABITAT**
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
![Page 95: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
---SYNONYM---
-- PSILOTOPHYTA
---COMMON NAMES---
-- PSILOPHYTES
-- WHISK FERNS
**DIVERSITY**
-- S: ~12
---REPRESENTATIVE GENERA---
-- Psilotum
-- Tmesipteris
**DISTRIBUTION & HABITAT**
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
![Page 96: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
-- E. = GEOGRAPHICALLY RESTRICTED
-- TROPICAL RAINFOREST
-- EPIPHYTE
---Psilotum---
-- TROPICAL
&
WARM TEMPERATE
-- INDIGENOUS SOUTHERN ALABAMA
-- I. = NATIVE
-- WETLANDS
-- NON-EPIPHYTE
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum WILL CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
![Page 97: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
-- E. = GEOGRAPHICALLY RESTRICTED
-- TROPICAL RAINFOREST
-- EPIPHYTE
---Psilotum---
-- TROPICAL
&
WARM TEMPERATE
-- INDIGENOUS SOUTHERN ALABAMA
-- I. = NATIVE
-- WETLANDS
-- NON-EPIPHYTE
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum WILL CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
![Page 98: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
-- E. = GEOGRAPHICALLY RESTRICTED
-- TROPICAL RAINFOREST
-- EPIPHYTE
---Psilotum---
-- TROPICAL
&
WARM TEMPERATE
-- INDIGENOUS SOUTHERN ALABAMA
-- I. = NATIVE
-- WETLANDS
-- NON-EPIPHYTE
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum WILL CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
![Page 99: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
-- E. = GEOGRAPHICALLY RESTRICTED
-- TROPICAL RAINFOREST
-- EPIPHYTE
---Psilotum---
-- TROPICAL
&
WARM TEMPERATE
-- INDIGENOUS SOUTHERN ALABAMA
-- I. = NATIVE
-- WETLANDS
-- NON-EPIPHYTE
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum WILL CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
![Page 100: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
-- E. = GEOGRAPHICALLY RESTRICTED
-- TROPICAL RAINFOREST
-- EPIPHYTE
---Psilotum---
-- TROPICAL
&
WARM TEMPERATE
-- INDIGENOUS SOUTHERN ALABAMA
-- I. = NATIVE
-- WETLANDS
-- NON-EPIPHYTE
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum WILL CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
![Page 101: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
-- E. = GEOGRAPHICALLY RESTRICTED
-- TROPICAL RAINFOREST
-- EPIPHYTE
---Psilotum---
-- TROPICAL
&
WARM TEMPERATE
-- INDIGENOUS SOUTHERN ALABAMA
-- I. = NATIVE
-- WETLANDS
-- NON-EPIPHYTE
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum WILL CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
![Page 102: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
-- E. = GEOGRAPHICALLY RESTRICTED
-- TROPICAL RAINFOREST
-- EPIPHYTE
---Psilotum---
-- TROPICAL
&
WARM TEMPERATE
-- INDIGENOUS SOUTHERN ALABAMA
-- I. = NATIVE
-- WETLANDS
-- NON-EPIPHYTE
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum WILL CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
![Page 103: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
-- E. = GEOGRAPHICALLY RESTRICTED
-- TROPICAL RAINFOREST
-- EPIPHYTE
---Psilotum---
-- TROPICAL
&
WARM TEMPERATE
-- INDIGENOUS SOUTHERN ALABAMA
-- I. = NATIVE
-- WETLANDS
-- NON-EPIPHYTE
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum WILL CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
![Page 104: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
-- E. = GEOGRAPHICALLY RESTRICTED
-- TROPICAL RAINFOREST
-- EPIPHYTE
---Psilotum---
-- TROPICAL
&
WARM TEMPERATE
-- INDIGENOUS SOUTHERN ALABAMA
-- I. = NATIVE
-- WETLANDS
-- NON-EPIPHYTE
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum WILL CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
![Page 105: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
-- E. = GEOGRAPHICALLY RESTRICTED
-- TROPICAL RAINFOREST
-- EPIPHYTE
---Psilotum---
-- TROPICAL
&
WARM TEMPERATE
-- INDIGENOUS SOUTHERN ALABAMA
-- I. = NATIVE
-- WETLANDS
-- NON-EPIPHYTE
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum WILL CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
![Page 106: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
-- E. = GEOGRAPHICALLY RESTRICTED
-- TROPICAL RAINFOREST
-- EPIPHYTE
---Psilotum---
-- TROPICAL
&
WARM TEMPERATE
-- INDIGENOUS SOUTHERN ALABAMA
-- I. = NATIVE
-- WETLANDS
-- NON-EPIPHYTE
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum WILL CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
![Page 107: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
---Tmesipteris---
-- ENDEMIC SOUTH PACIFIC
-- E. = GEOGRAPHICALLY RESTRICTED
-- TROPICAL RAINFOREST
-- EPIPHYTE
---Psilotum---
-- TROPICAL
&
WARM TEMPERATE
-- INDIGENOUS SOUTHERN ALABAMA
-- I. = NATIVE
-- WETLANDS
-- NON-EPIPHYTE
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
![Page 108: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*MORPHOLOGY*
-- HIGHLY REDUCED
-- ONCE CONSIDERED A RHYNIOPHYTA
-- HIGHLY REDUCED FERN
*ROOT*
-- ABSENT VIA REDUCTION
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- PROTOSTELE
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
![Page 109: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*MORPHOLOGY*
-- HIGHLY REDUCED
-- ONCE CONSIDERED A RHYNIOPHYTA
-- HIGHLY REDUCED FERN
*ROOT*
-- ABSENT VIA REDUCTION
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- PROTOSTELE
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
![Page 110: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*MORPHOLOGY*
-- HIGHLY REDUCED
-- ONCE CONSIDERED A RHYNIOPHYTA
-- HIGHLY REDUCED FERN
*ROOT*
-- ABSENT VIA REDUCTION
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- PROTOSTELE
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
![Page 111: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*MORPHOLOGY*
-- HIGHLY REDUCED
-- ONCE CONSIDERED A RHYNIOPHYTA
-- HIGHLY REDUCED FERN
*ROOT*
-- ABSENT VIA REDUCTION
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- PROTOSTELE
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
![Page 112: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*MORPHOLOGY*
-- HIGHLY REDUCED
-- ONCE CONSIDERED A RHYNIOPHYTA
-- HIGHLY REDUCED FERN
*ROOT*
-- ABSENT VIA REDUCTION
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- PROTOSTELE
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
![Page 113: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*MORPHOLOGY*
-- HIGHLY REDUCED
-- ONCE CONSIDERED A RHYNIOPHYTA
-- HIGHLY REDUCED FERN
*ROOT*
-- ABSENT VIA REDUCTION
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- PROTOSTELE
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
![Page 114: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*MORPHOLOGY*
-- HIGHLY REDUCED
-- ONCE CONSIDERED A RHYNIOPHYTA
-- HIGHLY REDUCED FERN
*ROOT*
-- ABSENT VIA REDUCTION
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- PROTOSTELE
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
![Page 115: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*MORPHOLOGY*
-- HIGHLY REDUCED
-- ONCE CONSIDERED A RHYNIOPHYTA
-- HIGHLY REDUCED FERN
*ROOT*
-- ABSENT VIA REDUCTION
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- PROTOSTELE
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
![Page 116: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*MORPHOLOGY*
-- HIGHLY REDUCED
-- ONCE CONSIDERED A RHYNIOPHYTA
-- HIGHLY REDUCED FERN
*ROOT*
-- ABSENT VIA REDUCTION
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- PROTOSTELE
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
![Page 117: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*MORPHOLOGY*
-- HIGHLY REDUCED
-- ONCE CONSIDERED A RHYNIOPHYTA
-- HIGHLY REDUCED FERN
*ROOT*
-- ABSENT VIA REDUCTION
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- PROTOSTELE
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
![Page 118: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*MORPHOLOGY*
-- HIGHLY REDUCED
-- ONCE CONSIDERED A RHYNIOPHYTA
-- HIGHLY REDUCED FERN
*ROOT*
-- ABSENT VIA REDUCTION
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- PROTOSTELE
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
![Page 119: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
***GENERAL CHARACTERS***
!!!Psilotum CHARACTERIZE PSILOTALES!!!
**SPOROPHYTE CHARACTERS**
*MORPHOLOGY*
-- HIGHLY REDUCED
-- ONCE CONSIDERED A RHYNIOPHYTA
-- HIGHLY REDUCED FERN
*ROOT*
-- ABSENT VIA REDUCTION
*STEM*
---STELE---
-- PROTOSTELE
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
![Page 120: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
---RHIZOME---
-- VERY SMALL
-- LIMITED LATERAL GROWTH
-- MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
---AERIAL---
-- PSYN
-- BRANCHING DICHOTOMOUS
-- ENATIONS PRESENT
*FROND*
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- SCALE-LIKE ENATION
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
![Page 121: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
---RHIZOME---
-- VERY SMALL
-- LIMITED LATERAL GROWTH
-- MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
---AERIAL---
-- PSYN
-- BRANCHING DICHOTOMOUS
-- ENATIONS PRESENT
*FROND*
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- SCALE-LIKE ENATION
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
![Page 122: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
---RHIZOME---
-- VERY SMALL
-- LIMITED LATERAL GROWTH
-- MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
---AERIAL---
-- PSYN
-- BRANCHING DICHOTOMOUS
-- ENATIONS PRESENT
*FROND*
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- SCALE-LIKE ENATION
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
![Page 123: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
---RHIZOME---
-- VERY SMALL
-- LIMITED LATERAL GROWTH
-- MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
---AERIAL---
-- PSYN
-- BRANCHING DICHOTOMOUS
-- ENATIONS PRESENT
*FROND*
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- SCALE-LIKE ENATION
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
![Page 124: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
---RHIZOME---
-- VERY SMALL
-- LIMITED LATERAL GROWTH
-- MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
---AERIAL---
-- PSYN
-- BRANCHING DICHOTOMOUS
-- ENATIONS PRESENT
*FROND*
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- SCALE-LIKE ENATION
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
![Page 125: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
---RHIZOME---
-- VERY SMALL
-- LIMITED LATERAL GROWTH
-- MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
---AERIAL---
-- PSYN
-- BRANCHING DICHOTOMOUS
-- ENATIONS PRESENT
*FROND*
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- SCALE-LIKE ENATION
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
![Page 126: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
---RHIZOME---
-- VERY SMALL
-- LIMITED LATERAL GROWTH
-- MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
---AERIAL---
-- PSYN
-- BRANCHING DICHOTOMOUS
-- ENATIONS PRESENT
*FROND*
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- SCALE-LIKE ENATION
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
![Page 127: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
---RHIZOME---
-- VERY SMALL
-- LIMITED LATERAL GROWTH
-- MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
---AERIAL---
-- PSYN
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
-- ENATIONS PRESENT
*FROND*
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- SCALE-LIKE ENATION
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
![Page 128: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
---RHIZOME---
-- VERY SMALL
-- LIMITED LATERAL GROWTH
-- MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
---AERIAL---
-- PSYN
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
-- ENATIONS PRESENT
*FROND*
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- SCALE-LIKE ENATION
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
![Page 129: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
---RHIZOME---
-- VERY SMALL
-- LIMITED LATERAL GROWTH
-- MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
---AERIAL---
-- PSYN
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
-- ENATIONS PRESENT
*FROND*
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- SCALE-LIKE ENATION
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
![Page 130: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
---RHIZOME---
-- VERY SMALL
-- LIMITED LATERAL GROWTH
-- MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
---AERIAL---
-- PSYN
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
-- ENATIONS PRESENT
*FROND*
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- SCALE-LIKE ENATION
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
![Page 131: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
---RHIZOME---
-- VERY SMALL
-- LIMITED LATERAL GROWTH
-- MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
---AERIAL---
-- PSYN
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
-- ENATIONS PRESENT
*FROND*
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- SCALE-LIKE ENATION
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
![Page 132: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
---RHIZOME---
-- VERY SMALL
-- LIMITED LATERAL GROWTH
-- MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
---AERIAL---
-- PSYN
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
-- ENATIONS PRESENT
*FROND*
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- SCALE-LIKE ENATION
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
![Page 133: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
ACTINOSTELE
-- ENDARCH
---RHIZOME---
-- VERY SMALL
-- LIMITED LATERAL GROWTH
-- MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
---AERIAL---
-- PSYN
-- DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
-- ENATIONS PRESENT
*FROND*
---MORPHOLOGY---
-- SCALE-LIKE ENATION
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
![Page 134: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
---EVOLUTION---
-- FD EVOLVED VIA REDUCTION
!!!FD REFERRED AS “SCALE-LIKE ENATION”!!!
!!!FD ACTUALLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL!!!
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
-- SYNANGIUM = FUSED SPORANGIA
---EVOLUTION---
-- EVOLVED VIA ST REDUCTION & EUSPORANGIA FUSION
-- FORKED SCALE = SUPPORT BRANCH
![Page 135: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
---EVOLUTION---
-- FD EVOLVED VIA REDUCTION
!!!FD REFERRED AS “SCALE-LIKE ENATION”!!!
!!!FD ACTUALLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL!!!
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
-- SYNANGIUM = FUSED SPORANGIA
---EVOLUTION---
-- EVOLVED VIA ST REDUCTION & EUSPORANGIA FUSION
-- FORKED SCALE = SUPPORT BRANCH
![Page 136: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/136.jpg)
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
---EVOLUTION---
-- FD EVOLVED VIA REDUCTION
!!!FD REFERRED AS “SCALE-LIKE ENATION”!!!
!!!FD ACTUALLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL!!!
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
-- SYNANGIUM = FUSED SPORANGIA
---EVOLUTION---
-- EVOLVED VIA ST REDUCTION & EUSPORANGIA FUSION
-- FORKED SCALE = SUPPORT BRANCH
![Page 137: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/137.jpg)
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
---EVOLUTION---
-- FD EVOLVED VIA REDUCTION
!!!FD REFERRED AS “SCALE-LIKE ENATION”!!!
!!!FD ACTUALLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL!!!
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
-- SYNANGIUM = FUSED SPORANGIA
---EVOLUTION---
-- EVOLVED VIA ST REDUCTION & EUSPORANGIA FUSION
-- FORKED SCALE = SUPPORT BRANCH
![Page 138: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/138.jpg)
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
---EVOLUTION---
-- FD EVOLVED VIA REDUCTION
!!!FD REFERRED AS “SCALE-LIKE ENATION”!!!
!!!FD ACTUALLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL!!!
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
-- SYNANGIUM = FUSED SPORANGIA
---EVOLUTION---
-- EVOLVED VIA ST REDUCTION & EUSPORANGIA FUSION
-- FORKED SCALE = SUPPORT BRANCH
![Page 139: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/139.jpg)
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
---EVOLUTION---
-- FD EVOLVED VIA REDUCTION
!!!FD REFERRED AS “SCALE-LIKE ENATION”!!!
!!!FD ACTUALLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL!!!
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
-- SYNANGIUM = FUSED SPORANGIA
---EVOLUTION---
-- EVOLVED VIA ST REDUCTION & EUSPORANGIA FUSION
-- FORKED SCALE = SUPPORT BRANCH
![Page 140: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/140.jpg)
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
---EVOLUTION---
-- FD EVOLVED VIA REDUCTION
!!!FD REFERRED AS “SCALE-LIKE ENATION”!!!
!!!FD ACTUALLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL!!!
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
-- SYNANGIUM = FUSED SPORANGIA
---EVOLUTION---
-- EVOLVED VIA ST REDUCTION & EUSPORANGIA FUSION
-- FORKED SCALE = SUPPORT BRANCH
![Page 141: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/141.jpg)
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
---EVOLUTION---
-- FD EVOLVED VIA REDUCTION
!!!FD REFERRED AS “SCALE-LIKE ENATION”!!!
!!!FD ACTUALLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL!!!
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
-- SYNANGIUM = FUSED SPORANGIA
---EVOLUTION---
-- EVOLVED VIA ST REDUCTION & EUSPORANGIA FUSION
-- FORKED SCALE = SUPPORT BRANCH
![Page 142: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/142.jpg)
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
---EVOLUTION---
-- FD EVOLVED VIA REDUCTION
!!!FD REFERRED AS “SCALE-LIKE ENATION”!!!
!!!FD ACTUALLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL!!!
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
-- SYNANGIUM = FUSED SPORANGIA
---EVOLUTION---
-- EVOLVED VIA ST REDUCTION & EUSPORANGIA FUSION
-- FORKED SCALE = SUPPORT BRANCH
![Page 143: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/143.jpg)
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
---EVOLUTION---
-- FD EVOLVED VIA REDUCTION
!!!FD REFERRED AS “SCALE-LIKE ENATION”!!!
!!!FD ACTUALLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL!!!
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
-- SYNANGIUM = FUSED SPORANGIA
---EVOLUTION---
-- EVOLVED VIA ST REDUCTION & EUSPORANGIA FUSION
-- FORKED SCALE = SUPPORT BRANCH
![Page 144: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/144.jpg)
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
---EVOLUTION---
-- FD EVOLVED VIA REDUCTION
!!!FD REFERRED AS “SCALE-LIKE ENATION”!!!
!!!FD ACTUALLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL!!!
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
-- SYNANGIUM = FUSED SPORANGIA
---EVOLUTION---
-- EVOLVED VIA ST REDUCTION & EUSPORANGIA FUSION
-- FORKED SCALE = SUPPORT BRANCH
![Page 145: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/145.jpg)
-- PSYN
-- HIGHLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL
---EVOLUTION---
-- FD EVOLVED VIA REDUCTION
!!!FD REFERRED AS “SCALE-LIKE ENATION”!!!
!!!FD ACTUALLY REDUCED MEGAPHYLL!!!
---PHYLLOTAXY---
-- ALTERNATE
*SPORANGIUM*
-- EUSPORANGIUM
-- SYNANGIUM = FUSED SPORANGIA
---EVOLUTION---
-- EVOLVED VIA ST REDUCTION & EUSPORANGIA FUSION
-- FORKED SCALE = SUPPORT BRANCH
![Page 146: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/146.jpg)
-- EVOLVED VIA ST REDUCTION & EUSPORANGIA FUSION
-- FORKED SCALE = SUPPORT BRANCH
---POSITION---
-- CAULINE
*SPORE HABIT*
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**GAMETOPHYTE CHARACTERS**
---EXOSPORIC---
-- SUBTERRANEAN
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- BISEXUAL
-- VASCULAR TISSUE PRESENT
!!!ONLY KNOWN TRACHEOPHYTE W/ VASCULAR GAMETOPHYTE!!!
***REPRODUCTION***│
![Page 147: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/147.jpg)
-- EVOLVED VIA ST REDUCTION & EUSPORANGIA FUSION
-- FORKED SCALE = SUPPORT BRANCH
---POSITION---
-- CAULINE
*SPORE HABIT*
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**GAMETOPHYTE CHARACTERS**
---EXOSPORIC---
-- SUBTERRANEAN
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- BISEXUAL
-- VASCULAR TISSUE PRESENT
!!!ONLY KNOWN TRACHEOPHYTE W/ VASCULAR GAMETOPHYTE!!!
***REPRODUCTION***│
![Page 148: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/148.jpg)
-- EVOLVED VIA ST REDUCTION & EUSPORANGIA FUSION
-- FORKED SCALE = SUPPORT BRANCH
---POSITION---
-- CAULINE
*SPORE HABIT*
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**GAMETOPHYTE CHARACTERS**
---EXOSPORIC---
-- SUBTERRANEAN
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- BISEXUAL
-- VASCULAR TISSUE PRESENT
!!!ONLY KNOWN TRACHEOPHYTE W/ VASCULAR GAMETOPHYTE!!!
***REPRODUCTION***│
![Page 149: BIOLOGY 363 VASCULAR PLANTS FALL 2020 DR ...-- CLASS: OPHIOGLOSSOPSIDA-- ORDER: OPHIOGLOSSALES-- ORDER: PSILOTALES-- SUBPHYLUM: PTERIDOPHYTINA-- CLASS: EQUISETOPSIDA-- ORDER: EQUISETALES--](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060814/609273122b7617002c777492/html5/thumbnails/149.jpg)
-- EVOLVED VIA ST REDUCTION & EUSPORANGIA FUSION
-- FORKED SCALE = SUPPORT BRANCH
---POSITION---
-- CAULINE
*SPORE HABIT*
-- HOMOSPOROUS
**GAMETOPHYTE CHARACTERS**
---EXOSPORIC---
-- SUBTERRANEAN
NON-PSYN
MYCORRHIZAE ABUNDANT
-- BISEXUAL
-- VASCULAR TISSUE PRESENT
!!!ONLY KNOWN TRACHEOPHYTE W/ VASCULAR GAMETOPHYTE!!!
***REPRODUCTION***│