biology lesson 7.3
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Lesson 7.3
Four categories of bones based on shape:
1.Long bones – longer than they are wide
Example: femur
Four categories of bones based on shape:
1. Long bones
2. Short bones – like long bones but smallerExample: metacarpals
Four categories of bones based on shape:1. Long bones2. Short bones
3.Flat bones - are flat
Examples: ribs, bones of cranium
Usually protective in nature
Four categories of bones based on shape:1. Long bones2. Short bones3. Flat bones
4. Irregular bones – shape does not fit into other three categories
Example: vertebrae
Four categories of bones based on shape:5th type - sesmoid
Where tendon passes over joint.
Ex. Patella
Parts of a long bone:
Diaphysis – shaft of the bone
Epiphysis – ends of the bone or bulged ends
Parts of a long bone:•Diaphysis•Epiphysis
Periosteum – protective covering or sheath that surrounds the bone and contains blood vessels to nourish the bone cells
Types of bone tissue:
1. Compact bone •Solid matrix, very dense•Makes up 80% of skeleton•Forms a shell around
cancellous bone•Primarily in diaphysis
Types of bone tissue:
1. Compact bone
2. Spongy bone •found primarily in the epiphysis and medullary cavity•light weight and porous (spongy in appearance) • allows for the location of
red blood cells and white blood cells to be made
Medullary cavity –
core of the shaft is a cavity that as a child houses red marrow
and
as adults houses yellow marrow (fat).
1. Hydroxyapatite2. Calcium3. Collagen4. Protein5. Steel6. Maintaining7. Repairing8. Modifying9. Osteoclast10. Haversian canals11. osteoblast
12. Slows13. Calcium14. Leafy15. Rickets16. Osteomalacia17. Bone18. Adjust19. Stress20. Ossification21. Sternum22. 25
23. Fracture24. Cleanly25. Greenstick26. Twisted27. Shattered28. Fractures29. Skin30. Compound31. Hematoma32. Osteoblast33. Reconstruct34. strength