biology lesson 7.3

16
Lesson 7.3 Four categories of bones based on shape: 1.Long bones – longer than they are wide Example: femur

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Page 1: Biology Lesson 7.3

Lesson 7.3

Four categories of bones based on shape:

1.Long bones – longer than they are wide

Example: femur

Page 2: Biology Lesson 7.3

Four categories of bones based on shape:

1. Long bones

2. Short bones – like long bones but smallerExample: metacarpals

Page 3: Biology Lesson 7.3

Four categories of bones based on shape:1. Long bones2. Short bones

3.Flat bones - are flat

Examples: ribs, bones of cranium

Usually protective in nature

Page 4: Biology Lesson 7.3

Four categories of bones based on shape:1. Long bones2. Short bones3. Flat bones

4. Irregular bones – shape does not fit into other three categories

Example: vertebrae

Page 5: Biology Lesson 7.3

Four categories of bones based on shape:5th type - sesmoid

Where tendon passes over joint.

Ex. Patella

Page 6: Biology Lesson 7.3

Parts of a long bone:

Diaphysis – shaft of the bone

Epiphysis – ends of the bone or bulged ends

Page 7: Biology Lesson 7.3

Parts of a long bone:•Diaphysis•Epiphysis

Periosteum – protective covering or sheath that surrounds the bone and contains blood vessels to nourish the bone cells

Page 8: Biology Lesson 7.3
Page 9: Biology Lesson 7.3

Types of bone tissue:

1. Compact bone •Solid matrix, very dense•Makes up 80% of skeleton•Forms a shell around

cancellous bone•Primarily in diaphysis

Page 10: Biology Lesson 7.3
Page 11: Biology Lesson 7.3

Types of bone tissue:

1. Compact bone

2. Spongy bone •found primarily in the epiphysis and medullary cavity•light weight and porous (spongy in appearance) • allows for the location of

red blood cells and white blood cells to be made

Page 12: Biology Lesson 7.3
Page 13: Biology Lesson 7.3

Medullary cavity –

core of the shaft is a cavity that as a child houses red marrow

and

as adults houses yellow marrow (fat).

Page 14: Biology Lesson 7.3
Page 15: Biology Lesson 7.3

1. Hydroxyapatite2. Calcium3. Collagen4. Protein5. Steel6. Maintaining7. Repairing8. Modifying9. Osteoclast10. Haversian canals11. osteoblast

12. Slows13. Calcium14. Leafy15. Rickets16. Osteomalacia17. Bone18. Adjust19. Stress20. Ossification21. Sternum22. 25

Page 16: Biology Lesson 7.3

23. Fracture24. Cleanly25. Greenstick26. Twisted27. Shattered28. Fractures29. Skin30. Compound31. Hematoma32. Osteoblast33. Reconstruct34. strength