biology - liberty university · experiment: (in curriculum molecular genetics) *lnl genetics of...

BiologyLab Manual

2012-2013

LUOA

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Contents Welcome to Biology Lab ............................................................................................................................... 2

Important Things to Know ............................................................................................................................ 2

Virtual Labs ................................................................................................................................................... 3

Course Expectations ...................................................................................................................................... 4

Questions must be answered in complete sentences. ................................................................................. 4

Formatting Guidelines for Uploading Non Virtual Assignments ................................................................... 4

Formatting for Formal Science Non Virtual Lab Reports .............................................................................. 5

Unit: 1. Taxonomy: Key to Organization ..................................................................................................... 7

Assignment: 15. Project: Research Origin of Life (In Curriculum) ....................................................... 7

Assignment: 16. Project: (In Curriculum: Origins)* LNL * The Scientific Method ................................ 7

Assignment: 18. Special Project: Introduction ......................................................................................... 8

Unit: 2. Chemistry of Life ............................................................................................................................ 8

Assignment: 9. Experiment: (In Curriculum Indicators)* LNL *Acid, Bases, and Buffers .................... 8

Assignment: 20. Experiment: (In Curriculum Digestion) *LNL* Biological Molecules ......................... 9

Unit: 3. Cells ................................................................................................................................................. 9

Assignment: 4 Experiment: (In Curriculum Cheek Cells) *LNL* Cell Structure & Function ................. 9

Assignment: 9. Experiment: (In Curriculum Osmosis) *LNL* Diffusion and Osmosis .......................... 9

Unit: 4. Cell Division and Reproduction ...................................................................................................... 9

Assignment: 4. Experiment. (In Curriculum Mitosis) *LNL Mitosis & Meiosis ..................................... 9

Assignment: 9. Experiment: Bulb Structure: Found In the Curriculum .................................................. 9

Unit: 5 Genetics: God’s Plan of Inheritance ............................................................................................... 10

Assignment: 3. Experiment: Probability (In Curriculum) ...................................................................... 10

Assignment: 12. Experiment: (In Curriculum Molecular Genetics) *LNL Genetics of Corn ............... 10

Unit: 6 Microbiology .................................................................................................................................. 10

Assignment: 3. Experiment: (In Curriculum Fungus All Around) * LNL*Fungi .................................. 10

Assignment: 7. Experiment: (In Curriculum Protozoan Culture) *LNL* Protist .................................. 10

Unit: 7 Plants: Green Factories ................................................................................................................... 11

Assignment: 6. Experiment: (In Curriculum Seed) * LNL Plant Structure & Function ......................... 11

Assignment: 11. Experiment: (In Curriculum Terrarium) * LNL* Photosynthesis ............................... 11

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Assignment: 16. Special Project: *LNL * Cellular Respiration ............................................................. 11

Unit: 8 Human Anatomy and Physiology ................................................................................................... 11

Assignment: 6. Experiment. Heart Rate. (In Curriculum) ..................................................................... 11

Assignment: 10. Experiment: (In Curriculum Muscle Types) *LNL* Mammalian Tissue ................... 11

Unit: 9 Ecology, Pollution, and Energy ...................................................................................................... 12

Assignment: 7. Experiment: Habitats (In Curriculum) ........................................................................... 12

Unit 10 Principles and Applications of Biology ......................................................................................... 12

Appendix A: Model Science Lab Report ...................................................................................................... 13

INSTRUCTIONS FOR LOG IN TO LATE NITE LABS PRO! ................................................................................ 15

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Welcome to Biology Lab at LUOA. This course is going to be a little different; it

is going to be a hybrid of a virtual and a regular lab course. Laboratory is a very important

component of any science class. The lab must be completed in conjunction with your regular

science class. If you have a question regarding the lab, you have two options: you can message

your instructor within the curriculum, or you can call into the LUOA office at 1-866-418-8741

option 4 (teacher), option 3 (science). Science help is available from 8:30-5:00 Eastern Standard

Time, Monday through Friday.

Important Things to Know

1. We pray for you. If you need prayer for anything specific let us know. We will add you

and your need to our prayer list and will pray for you.

2. Labs are not optional. You must complete all of the labs found within a unit before the

unit test may be attempted. Please do not ask us to allow you to “just take a zero.” It is

one of our greatest desires to see you be successful and be prepared for all the plans that

the Lord has prepared for you. This class is transcripted as a lab science; therefore, all

labs must be completed.

3. The directions and the supplies may differ in this manual from those in lesson. ALWAYS

FOLLOW THOSE IN THIS LAB MANUAL. Please refer to this document often; a hard

copy can be very helpful.

4. The Messaging System is an easy way to contact your teacher, if you have questions

about the labs or your classwork in general. Please remember to be respectful. Use Mr. or

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Mrs. when you send your message. Watch your spelling and capitalization (you are not

texting friends; this is school).

5. Teachers have 24 hours to respond to your messages, and 24 – 48 hours to grade your

submissions. This does NOT include the weekends.

6. The curriculum will permit uploads of a wide variety of formats (.csv, .docs, .pdf, .xls,

.xlsx, .docx, .jpeg, .jpg, .ppt, .pptx, .txt, and .rtf). Uploads in MS Word (.docs or .docsx)

are preferred, and in some cases, may be required. Word documents enable the teachers

to give comments along with scoring and are more universally accepted than some other

formats.

7. Repeatedly submitting blank assignments or disregarding teacher comments may lead to

your science progress being blocked until the work is completed satisfactorily.

Virtual Labs

Thirteen of the biology labs are to be completed using a virtual program called Late Nite

Labs. You will sign on to the Late Nite Labs (LNL) site and complete your labs there. Your sign-

in information will be emailed to you.

The names of the Late Nite Labs and the curriculum labs will NOT match exactly, that is

okay. Next to the assignment, you will see what the lab is called “in the curriculum” (your

regular LUOA lesson) and what it is called “in LNL” (Late Nite Labs). You will complete it in

LNL and the grade will go into the curriculum to be averaged in with your regular coursework.

In your planner, you will see the assignment due. When you open it up, you will see a teacher’s

note telling you to go to Late Nite Labs and complete a specific lab. At that point, go to LNL,

complete the LNL, return to the lesson, and submit it as complete. This action will alert the

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teacher to go to LNL and grade the lab. You will not be allowed to complete the unit until all

labs are complete.

Course Expectations

In this course, there are certain expectations. We want you to be aware of these

expectations from the very beginning. Please read the following guidelines and follow them

when submitting your assignments. Understand that while some of these guidelines may apply to

all of your work (Headings & Complete Sentence Answers for instance), others only are needed

with certain assignments (Science Reports & Science Lab Reports for example).

Questions must be answered in complete sentences.

What is meant by complete sentences?

When speaking of answers, complete sentences do not mean only grammatically

complete. It also means to use part of the question in the answer.

Q: What color are your eyes?

A: My eyes are blue.

Q: Which planet is nicknamed the “red planet”?

A: The planet nicknamed the red planet is Mars.

Formatting Guidelines for Uploading Non Virtual Assignments

Some science assignments require that your work to be submitted in a more formal way.

These reports need to follow the following guidelines. Failure to follow these guidelines may

result in your assignments being reassigned.

Headings – Please include your name, date, and Unit/Assignment numbers at the top

of any uploaded work.

Formatting – Papers should be written in MLA format

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o 12 inch font

o Times New Roman

o Double Spaced

o 1-margin

o Work Cited Section or Page

o Left Justified

o Indented Paragraph

o Section headings are useful and add clarity to a report. (These may be bolded

and underlined, size 14, and centered).

Sources – Generally, in research work, at least 2 academic sources will be asked for.

If you are citing the internet, keep in mind that Wikis, Google, ASK and a few other

search engines are not considered academic sources! Academic sources should be

listed using proper formatting at the end of your report in a Works Cited section.

o All work will be submitted to the plagiarism checker Safe Assign.

Formatting for Formal Science Non Virtual Lab Reports

For some of your experiments and projects, a science lab report format is needed to

separate the different areas of your experiment. When a science lab report is required, the entire

assignment will be reassigned if the lab report has not been submitted. A template of a Science

Lab Report format can be found in the Appendix at the end of this manual.

Purpose – What are you trying to show with this project? What is the intent?

Research – You should not be as detailed as with a research paper. A paragraph that

gives some background is fine.

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Hypothesis – This term is a prediction of what you think the results of the project will

be. Write your hypothesis before you begin the experiment. A common sentence form

for a hypothesis is to use an ‘if-then’ statement. (Example: If students get adequate

rest, then their grades will improve.) (1-2 sentences)

Procedures – In 1st person past tense, please write a summary of what steps you

actually performed while conducting the experiment. Be sure to include any

modifications. You should include enough detail so that someone could reproduce the

experiment based on what you have written. Presenting your information in a

numbered list format is also recommended.

Data – (VERY IMPORTANT) Data is often missing and the cause for many re-

assignments. Data and observations are vital in science, and it is also vital that data be

referred to in your answers. Teachers will look for your data to be presented in an

organized manner (usually a table format), and this data should be referred to in your

conclusion. Observations may be written out in a descriptive paragraph following the

data table.

Analysis – (Graphs). Many experiments would benefit by showing the data in graphic

form. For some projects and experiments, graphic form is a requirement. The graph

would be included after your data in the analysis section of your lab report. A bar

graph is used when comparisons are being made, a line graph is excellent to show

trends, a pie or circle graph is useful when dealing with percentages.

Conclusion – Begin by stating whether the hypothesis was true or false. Use data and

calculations to support your answer. Consider the following questions as you write

your conclusion: Why or what happened to result in the outcome you observed? Did

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you learn anything new? If not, what previously discussed concepts did this lab

reinforce? Is there anything you would or could do differently that would improve the

experiment? Do you have any other comments/observations you would like to share

about this lab?

Application – In what manner can these conclusions be used in the real world?

Unit: 1. Taxonomy: Key to Organization

Assignment: 15. Project: Research Origin of Life (In Curriculum)

This project answers the question, “Which came first, the chicken or the egg?” If

evolution is the answer, then a mutated lizards laid mutated eggs which over the eons became a

chicken. If creation is the answer, then God created the chicken which laid an egg producing

another chicken “after its kind.”

Compare and contrast creation and evolution. Include references to the works of notable

scientists in the field of creation / evolution research. You may approach this argument from an

evidence basis, using statistical reasoning, a philosophical understanding, or a combination of the three.

Your research paper should be a minimum of 500 words. Include a minimum of three

academic sources and follow standard formatting standards as discussed earlier in the manual.

Bible verses DO NOT count toward your 500 word total. Using this format, your paper will be

roughly 2 pages long.

Assignment: 16. Project: (In Curriculum: Origins)* LNL * The Scientific Method

Open your Late Nite Lab Account

o Sign in using your email and your password.

o Click on Launch your lab.

o Click on Scientific Method > Run

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o Click on the Rotating “Get Starting Button”

Click on Background

o Read the background.

Click on the procedure

o Complete the steps of the 3 experiments 1 at a time.

o Save the data for each experiment before you go to the next.

o Please make sure you take good notes. You will need them when you

complete the assignment’s portion of the lab.

o Save Data

o Return to your Dashboard

Click on the assignment button

o Complete the assignment using your notes.

o Click save

o Submit the lab in both LNL and the curriculum as to alert your teacher.

Assignment: 18. Special Project: Introduction

When you started this class, your advisor asked you to email all of your teachers and

introduce yourself. Please do so as an attachment to this assignment. Also include your contact

information (email and phone number please) as well as a statement that you have read and have

accessed this science lab manual.

Unit: 2. Chemistry of Life

Assignment: 9. Experiment: (In Curriculum Indicators)* LNL *Acid, Bases, and Buffers

o Follow the same steps as your Scientific Method Lab.

o Submit your lab.

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Assignment: 20. Experiment: (In Curriculum Digestion) *LNL* Biological Molecules


o Submit your lab.

Unit: 3. Cells

Assignment: 4 Experiment: (In Curriculum Cheek Cells) *LNL* Cell Structure &

Function


o Submit your lab.

Assignment: 9. Experiment: (In Curriculum Osmosis) *LNL* Diffusion and Osmosis


o Submit your lab.

Unit: 4. Cell Division and Reproduction

Assignment: 4. Experiment. (In Curriculum Mitosis) *LNL Mitosis & Meiosis


o Submit your lab.

Assignment: 9. Experiment: Bulb Structure: Found In the Curriculum

Follow the directions exactly as they are in the lesson. Please follow the formatting guidelines

for your lab document found on page five of this manual.

Materials:

Onion

Knife or razor blade (BE CAREFUL)

A Magnifying Glass

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Unit: 5 Genetics: God’s Plan of Inheritance

Assignment: 3. Experiment: Probability (In Curriculum)

Follow the basic instructions in the lesson. Please follow the formatting guidelines found

in the lab manual on page five. Please make sure you include your data as well as the set ups for

your calculations with your upload.

Tossing 1 Coin

# of Heads # of Tails

10 tosses

100 tosses

200 tosses

Next use two coins; collect data on the second table.

Tossing 2 coins

#of 2 Heads #of 2 Tails #of 1 Head & 1 Tail

100 Tosses

Assignment: 12. Experiment: (In Curriculum Molecular Genetics) *LNL Genetics of

Corn


o Submit your lab

Unit: 6 Microbiology

Assignment: 3. Experiment: (In Curriculum Fungus All Around) * LNL*Fungi


o Submit your lab

Assignment: 7. Experiment: (In Curriculum Protozoan Culture) *LNL* Protist

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o Submit your lab

Unit: 7 Plants: Green Factories

Assignment: 6. Experiment: (In Curriculum Seed) * LNL Plant Structure & Function


o Submit your lab

Assignment: 11. Experiment: (In Curriculum Terrarium) * LNL* Photosynthesis


o Submit your lab

Assignment: 16. Special Project: *LNL * Cellular Respiration


o Submit your lab

Unit: 8 Human Anatomy and Physiology

Assignment: 6. Experiment. Heart Rate. (In Curriculum)

Follow directions according to the lesson. Please follow the formatting guideline found on page

five when writing and uploading your lab document.

Materials

Stop watch

A partner

Assignment: 10. Experiment: (In Curriculum Muscle Types) *LNL* Mammalian Tissue


o Submit your lab

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Unit: 9 Ecology, Pollution, and Energy

Assignment: 7. Experiment: Habitats (In Curriculum)

Contact one of the following: an aquarium or zoo worker, a farmer, or a family member

or friend who maintains an aquarium or terrarium. Think about the habitat and the maintenance

of the habitat. Develop a set of at least 10 questions that pertain to what it takes to keep a

particular habitat stable. Ask if they have had any problems and how those problems were

resolved. Use your imagination! Write a 600 word report on what you find out. However, your

report should be more than a list of questions and answers. You should show that you understand

the particulars of that habitat and the interactions of the flora and fauna. Please make sure you

use the formatting guidelines from page five.

**Hint: Many students have been successful in setting up interviews by phone or email to

prestigious places such as Disney’s Wild Kingdom, the elephant and penguin keepers as large

zoos, etc. Be resourceful! Many of these kinds of places love to help on projects and will be

willing to speak with you even if you cannot make the trip.

Unit 10 Principles and Applications of Biology

There are no labs assigned in this unit.

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Appendix A: Model Science Lab Report

Your Name

Date

Course

Unit &Assignment Numbers

Instructor

Lab Title

Purpose

What is the intent of this experiment? “What will happen to ____________ if I change

_____________?”

Research

Record here your background knowledge and research on the topic. While this should not be as

detailed as it may be with a Science Report, it still needs to include more than just a reference

that you did research. The teacher needs to see what you learned. At least two sources should be

included at the end of this section.

Hypothesis

This statement should answer the question in the Purpose section. “Based upon my research, I

think that ___________ will occur if I change ______________.”

Materials

Please format this to be a

Bulleted

List

Methods

1. Please format this to be a

2. Numbered List

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Data & Observations

Insert your data table here. Any observations may be included in a well written paragraph.

Photographs, if required, may also be in this section.

Analysis

(Insert your graph here)

Conclusion

This paragraph should do two things. First, it answers your Purpose based upon your experiment

and the data you collected in the experiment. Second, it should make references to that data.

Reflections and Applications

This is a very important section. It also has two purposes. The first is that it looks back on your

experiment and critiques that experiment. What worked well and, conversely, what could have

been improved with this experiment? The second purpose is that this section also discusses any

possible applications your new knowledge may have in practical ways.

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INSTRUCTIONS FOR LOG IN TO LATE NITE LABS PRO!

Your unique registration PIN is: < >

Before you get started, make sure you have your section code since you'll need it to

enroll. You can get it from your instructor.

Step One: Register

1. Go to www.latenitelabs.com.

2. Click on red Register button.

3. On the next page, click the Student button.

4. Enter your email address and desired password.

5. Click Register. You will receive a confirmation email that you have registered.

6. You will be brought to the Student Dashboard page.

Step Two: Enroll

1. On the Student Dashboard page, enter your first name, last name and section

code in their respective fields.

2. Select “Enter Pin” for your enrollment type.

3. Enter your 12-digit pin code.

4. Click the blue Submit button to complete enrollment. You will receive a

Confirmation email with your username and password.

Now you’re ready to step up to the bench! To sign in to your account, click the blue My Account button at the top right corner of our web page.

Nice to have you on board!

Need help? Please feel free to contact our 24/7 help desk with any questions or problems you may have by calling 1-800-262-0518 or emailing [email protected].

biology - liberty university · experiment: (in curriculum molecular genetics) *lnl genetics of...

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