Biology: Study for quiz!

Today 12/4/2013Fermentation Quiz!Analyze (Define) Photosynthesis TermsIntroduce Photosynthesis

VOCAB QUIZ MONDAY DEC 9

After you turn in quiz, please work on defining terms..

Read the text for the definitions rather than the glossary! Some terms are NOT bold!

Draw a picture to help you remember the word and definition!

*on back of your notesPeople didn’t know how photosynthesis worked until about the 1900’s. What are some possible ideas they may have had for how plants gained energy? (did they eat when no one was looking? Did they not need energy?.....)

II. Early ExperimentsA. van Helmont- found that plant mass must be obtained through water and CO2 because the soil mass wasn’t changing

* tested plants to see if they were gaining their mass from the soil

*Measured mass of soil at beginning and end of growth period-no change

*Water and CO2 are the only things plants are taking in, must be responsible for change!

B. Joseph Priestley discovered that plants release a substance that keeps a candle burning—oxygen

C. Jan Ingenhousz discovered that plants only produced oxygen in the presence of light

D. Concluded that with light, plants convert CO2 and water to glucose and oxygen

VIDEO!!! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pdgkuT12e14

Homework: Finish Vocab Vocab Quiz Monday Dec 9!

Biology: Get out Vocab for HW Check

Today 12/5/13Describe Photosynthesis Summarize Light dependent and Light Independent Reactions

Vocab Quiz Monday Dec 9

III. PhotosynthesisA. 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen

PHOTOSYNTHESIS SONG! !

B. Plants gather the sun’s energy with light absorbing molecules called pigments

1. Chlorophyll a and b are plants main pigments-reflect green light

a. absorb red and blue wavelengthsb. absorb light=absorb energy

C. Inside chloroplasts there are stacks of thylakoids which contain chlorophyll (pigments) and proteins

1. Thylakoids arranged in stacks called grana

2. stroma is the area outside the thylakoid

Singlethylakoid

Grana

Chloroplaststroma

LABEL YOUR CHLOROPLAST!!

Light Energy (from sun)

CO2 & H2O Sugars & O2

Chloroplast

– When plants grow, most of their added mass (start small and end up big) is made up of what? a) soil and carbon dioxide.b) water and carbon dioxide.c) oxygen and carbon dioxide.d) soil and oxygen.

2. The raw materials required for plants to carry out photosynthesis area) carbon dioxide and oxygen.b) oxygen and sugars.c) carbon dioxide and water.d) oxygen and water.

3. The principal pigment in plants isa) chloroplast.b) chlorophyll.c) carotene.d) carbohydrate.

4. The colors of light that are absorbed by chlorophylls area) green and yellow.b) green, blue, and violet.c) blue, violet, and red.d) red and yellow.

5. The 2 main products of photosynthesis produced by plants are: a) Carbon dioxide and waterb) Glucose and waterc) Light and oxygend) Glucose and oxygen

– In van Helmont's experiment, most of the added mass of the tree came froma) soil and carbon dioxide.b) water and carbon dioxide.c) oxygen and carbon dioxide.d) soil and oxygen.

2. The raw materials required for plants to carry out photosynthesis area) carbon dioxide and oxygen.b) oxygen and sugars.c) carbon dioxide and water.d) oxygen and water.

3. The principal pigment in plants isa) chloroplast.b) chlorophyll.c) carotene.d) carbohydrate.

4. The colors of light that are absorbed by chlorophylls area) green and yellow.b) green, blue, and violet.c) blue, violet, and red.d) red and yellow.

5. The 2 main products of photosynthesis produced by plants are: a) Carbon dioxide and waterb) Glucose and waterc) Light and oxygend) Glucose and oxygen

Light Energy (from sun)

CO2 & H2O Sugars & O2

Chloroplast

D. NADPH- energy carrier(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate)

1. Sunlight reaches the chlorophyll, causing electrons to gain energy *excited electrons

2. NADP+ carries 2 high energy electrons and one H+, becomes NADPH

NADP+ + 2 e- = NADPH*Like using a special pan to carry hot coals!IV. Light Dependent Reactions (happen in thylakoid)

1. Water is broken up into O, H+, and electrons-oxygen is released

2. Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight (energy)-makes electrons “energetic” ,they move down the electron transport chain

A. Inside of thylakoid is positively charged because of all the H+, these move through the ATP synthase and reattach P to ADP to form ATP.

B. B. ADP is converted to ATP, NADP+ is converted to NADPH

Light dependent Reactions: *Charge up the batteries!In OutH2O O2

ADP ATPNADP+ NADPH

*happens in thylakoid, because it needs chlorophyll*Now chloroplast has highly charged molecules ATP and NADPH to help make sugar!

H2O

O2

CO2

Sugars

NADP+

ADP + P

Light- dependent reactions

Calvin cycle

Summarize what happens during the Light Dependent Reactions!

V. Light Independent reactions- Calvin CycleA. Takes place in stroma-because it doesn’t need the

pigmentsB. Uses the energy stored in ATP and NADPH to make

high-energy sugars!

C. End result of Calvin Cycle: In OutATP ADPNADPH NADP+CO2 glucose

D. Uses 6 Carbon Dioxide molecules to make one glucose molecule (C6H12O6)

Summarize what occurs in the Calvin Cycle or Light Independent Reaction

Bio: Vocab Quiz Moved to Tues! :)Please grab bellringer from front of room and start working on it… Try it without your notes!

See what you remember!

Today: 12/9/13Bellringer: Label ChloroplastExplain what happens during photosynthesisExplain why leaves change color

Photosynthesis quiz end of this week!

Label the stages of Photosynthesis.Label the inputs and outputs!

H2O

O2

CO2

Sugars

NADP+

ADP + P

Light- dependent reactions

Calvin cycle

VI. Factors Affecting PhotosynthesisA. Water loss can slow or even stop photosynthesis.1. Stomata are openings on the outside of leaves that allow

for CO2 to enter and O2 to leave, usually closed so less water lost

B. Temperature must be between 0°C and 35°C. C. If you increase light intensity, you will increase the rate

of photosynthesis.

Read Article: Why Leaves Change Color 1. Analyze while reading:

-Put a star next to something interesting-Circle a word you do not understand-Put a heart next to something that reminds you of something-Put a ? next to something that makes you ask a question.

2. Answer questions in complete sentences!! Cite Paragraph where you find your answers!

Be ready to discuss!!! --If you finish early, work on finals study guide

or study for vocab quiz!!

Biology: STUDY FOR QUIZ!

Today 12/10/13Add to study guide!!Vocab QuizDiscuss Reading AnalysisInterpret Graphs !Continue working on final study guide!

Photosynthesis Quiz Friday!! Study notes!You will get a review tomorrow or thursday!

Dec 11, 2013Biology: Pick up a lab papers off stool in front! Read the entire thing. You do not have to start doing the pre-lab questions right now. *You will do them during the lab

* You will be having a lab quiz before we start the lab… so read!!!

LAB QUIZ—You can use your lab to answer!1.What pigment shows a red color? 2.How are you going to get the plant to stain

on the paper? 3.What type of solution are you going to place

your filter paper in (in the beaker)4.How long do you have to wait for your

pigments to separate? 5.What is the process called when you use a

solvent to separate out plant pigments? (you are doing this today, starts with a C)

Objective for Today:Analyze paper chromatography and identify the different pigments found in plants.

Photosynthesis begins when light is absorbed by pigments in the plant cell. One technique for separating and identifying these pigments is paper chromatography. In paper chromatography, solvent moves up the paper carrying with it dissolved substances-in this case plant pigments. The pigments are carried along at different rates because they are not equally soluble in the solvent and are attracted in different degrees into the paper.

Many green leaves contain pigment colors that are not seen until autumn because they are hidden by the chlorophyll. A few plants have leaves that are red, orange, or yellow all year long.

carotenes – yellow/orange

Xanthopyll- yellow

Light green – chlorophyll b

Bright green – chlorophyll a

Color Observed Probable Pigment4321Base Line Pencil --------------------

When you are finished with the lab, please clean up according to sheet at table.

Finish answering the questions with your partner.

Write down three things you learned from the lab on Wednesday. Turn them in when you are done. Use complete sentences!

• Assignment: Fill out Light/Dark Reactions handout.

Review• What is inside the thylakoids? • Why are chloroplasts green? • Which reaction happens first? • Which reaction happens in the stroma? • Which reaction has oxygen as a product? • Which reaction uses up ATP and NADPH

to make sugar?

1 ADP

NADPH 2

3 4

• What are the products of the Calvin cycle?

• Why do light dependent reactions happen in the thylakoid?

• What are the reactants for light dependent reaction?

• What is one example of an autotroph?

Bingo!Priestly greenred and blue ATPCarbon dioxide ADPChlorophyll heterotrophVan Helmont autotrophPhotosynthesis sunlightGlucose phosphateChemical energy 90Oak tree eagleStroma Thylakoid

Review quiz!1. What is NADP+ used for? 2. When water is split during the light

dependant reaction NADP+ picks up?3. What happens first in photosynthesis-

Photosystem I or photosystem II? 4. Where do the light dependant reactions

take place? 5. At the end of the light dependant

reactions, what has been made? 6. Where does the Calvin Cycle take place? 7. What are the products of the Calvin cycle?

Which of the following is NOT an example of a heterotroph?

• a.mushroom• b.leopard• c.grass• d.human

Energy is released from ATP when• a.a phosphate group is added• b.adenine bonds to ribose.• c.ATP is exposed to sunlight.• d.a phosphate group is removed (bond is

broken)

Ingenhousz showed that plants produce oxygen bubbles when exposed to

• a.ATP.• b.carbon dioxide.• c.light.• d.a burning candle.

Most plants appear green because chlorophyll

• a.reflects green light• b.reflects violet light.• c.absorbs green light.• d.none of these

The stroma is the space that surrounds• a.thylakoids.• b.chloroplasts.• c.plant cells.• d.all of these

The light dependant reactions take place in the

• a.stroma.• b.photosystems.• c.thylakoid membranes.• d.chlorophyll molecules.

• Which is an autotroph? • What makes it an autotroph and not a

heterotroph?

3. What is this molecules main role in the cell?

4. Where is the energy stored in the ATP molecule?

5. What is the green region of this ATP molecule?

6. What is this whole structure a picture of? 7. What is line A pointing to? 8. What happens inside the structure line A

is pointing to? 9. What happens in the area that line B is

pointing to? A B

16. Jan van Helmont concluded that plants gain most of their mass from

• a.water and carbon dioxide• b.the soil.• c. carbon monoxide• d. oxygen in the air.

How does the Calvin cycle differ from the light-dependent reactions?

• a.It takes place in the stroma.• b.It takes place in chloroplasts.• c.It requires light.• d.It takes place in the thylakoid.

10. What is the large green structure in the middle supposed to represent?

11. What does the purple circle represent?

12. What is sent back over to the light dependant reactions from the Calvin Cycle?

13. If you continue to increase the intensity of light that a plant receives, what happens?

• a.The rate of photosynthesis increases with light intensity.

• b.The rate of photosynthesis decreases with light intensity.

• c.The rate of photosynthesis increases and then levels off.

• d.The rate of photosynthesis does not change.

14. Which of the following is inside the thylakoid membrane?

• a.electron transport chain• b.photosystem • c.ATP synthase• d.all of these

15. What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?

• a.oxygen gas• b.ATP• c.NADPH• d.all of these

17. Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into

• a.oxygen.• b.high-energy sugars.• c.ATP and oxygen.• d.oxygen and high-energy sugars.

18. Organisms, such as plants, that make their own food are called

• a.autotrophs• b.heterotrophs• c.thylakoids• d.pigments

DRAW AND FILL OUT THIS CHART!

IN LDR OUT________ _________________ _________________

__________

IN CC OUT________ _________________ _________________ _________

GET OUT YOUR STUDY GUIDE AND STUDY!

QUEST TODAY!

GET OUT YOUR STUDY GUIDE AND STUDY!

GOOD LUCK!

When finished, work on vocab and reading!

GOOD LUCK!

Review quiz!

Label as LDR or CC1.______ charges up ADP and NADP+2. ______ does not use sunlight directly3.______ takes place in the stroma4.______ releases oxygen5.______ makes glucose

6. Where is the energy stored in an ATP molecule?

7. How do you get energy out of an ATP molecule?

8. The overall goal of photosynthesis is for plants to produce _________________

9. If plants can’t take in ____________ gas, they will not be able to do photosynthesis.

10. Organisms that can make their own food are called _______________.

Glucose LDR CCWater carbon dioxide sunlightPlant chloroplast thylakoidStroma grana greenRed pigment chemicalTemperature oxygen NADPHADP ATP horseRose autotroph heterotroph

I

Bell Ringer: Work quietly today and I will grade your tests! Progress Reports are next week! Plan today: • Make up chpt. 8 Test• Make up work • chapter 9 guided reading

Tomorrow: Start chapter 9 !

Make sure you to get all make up work in.