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2011-2012ENGLISH FOR FACULTY OF BIOLOGY

JEMBER UNIVERSITY 1

Unit1 Greetings and Introductions2 Understanding Grammar


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JEMBER UNIVERSITY 2

I. Greetings and IntroductionsThose first introductions can be the most difficult thing to

do and sometimes it will be the most important thing to do.

People are making flash judgments every second and every moveyou make is being scrutinized.

With the right introduction, a good personality, and some

confidence, you have the power to cement your good image in

their minds and create an instant bond. There are two main parts

to introduce yourself to someone new. The first part is starting

the conversation; going from standing around awkwardly to

actual interacting with them. The second part consists of what

you say and how you say it.http://www.smallfuel.com

What to say in your first conversation

How you start your conversation, it will depend a lot on what you want from that relationship.

1. Start with their name.Its tempting to start with your own name, but if you know their name itsa really nice touch to address them by it. Once theyve been addressed, then you can throw your

name into the mix.

2. Give yourself a history.If you have a mutual acquaintance, a specific reason for starting theconversation, or anything that gives credit to you, it is good to mention that early on. It lets them

know you arent trying to waste their time. If you dont have any back stor y (at a business card

exchange, for example), then its okay to skip this step. Also, dont speak too much on this keep it

to one or two sentences.

3. Ask questions about them.Ask them about what they do, what they like doing, their history. Askanything thats appropriate to your conversation. In general, people really enjoy talking about

themselves, so the more you let them talk, the more theyre going to like you. One caveat to this,

however; dont subject them to a rapid-fire interrogation! Ask slowly, thoughtful questions, and

then give them a chance to talk for a while. A little down-time can actually be a good thing for a

conversation.

4. Listen carefully, and respond.You may have noticed that the best conversationalists rememberall sorts of little details about you and bring them up when the time is right. Your goal in asking

questions isnt just to make them feel good about themselves, but also to learn as much about

them as you can. Be a good listener, and youll remember a whole lot more of the conver sation.

Once youve fully processed what they said (again, its okay to pause and think), you can respond

with something thoughtful.

5.

Answer their questions.Once they start asking you questions, its time to give them moreinformation about yourself and your company. This is also when you can give them your small

businesssmarketing message. Be careful not to speak for too long, though, its never a good idea

to entirely dominate the conversation.

At this point, youll probably have been speaking for at least a few minutes and will be well on your

way to building avaluable relationship. Its still good to remember some of the basics, though,

especially about listening and paying attention to what they say. Good luck with your conversations,

and feel free to start one in the comments section.
http://www.smallfuel.com/http://www.smallfuel.com/http://www.smallfuel.com/http://www.smallfuel.com/blog/entry/how-to-attract-customers-with-a-unique-market-positionhttp://www.smallfuel.com/blog/entry/how-to-attract-customers-with-a-unique-market-positionhttp://www.smallfuel.com/blog/entry/how-to-attract-customers-with-a-unique-market-positionhttp://www.smallfuel.com/blog/entry/how-to-build-relationships-and-increase-valuehttp://www.smallfuel.com/blog/entry/how-to-build-relationships-and-increase-valuehttp://www.smallfuel.com/blog/entry/how-to-build-relationships-and-increase-valuehttp://www.smallfuel.com/blog/entry/how-to-build-relationships-and-increase-valuehttp://www.smallfuel.com/blog/entry/how-to-attract-customers-with-a-unique-market-positionhttp://www.smallfuel.com/


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JEMBER UNIVERSITY 3

Almost all conversations start with a greeting. There are several expressions that are commonly used as

greeting, some of them are formal and some of them are informal. Which one to use, it depends on the

situation.

ntroductions

When you meet and greet someone for the first time, introductions are needed. There are a number ofstandard expressions that can be used for introductions. Take a look at some of them.

1. Introducing YourselfExpressions Responses

Hello, Im (... Ms. Jaines).

My name is (... John Grey).

Im (... George Franks. What's

your name)?

Allow me to introduce myself. My

name is (... Frank Jeffers).

Hello, Ms. Jaines, Im Susan

Appleton.

Nice to meet you Mr. Grey, Im

Mrs. Sukjoy.

My name is Sopida, Sopida

Hakam. Its apleasure to meet you

Mr. Franks.

I'm delighted to meet you

Mr.Jeffers. My name is Pornpan

Orasa.

Other useful expressions of closing an introduction

Expressions Responses

How do you do?

I am pleased to meet you

I am glad to meet you

Its nice to meet you

Glad to meet you

Nice to meet you

Read this conversation and practice it.

Eva : Hello Im Eva Hawsky.

Peter : Hi! My name is Peter Hellslot.

But please call me Peter.

Eva : nice to meet you Peter.

You can call me Eva.

Peter : OK. And whats your last name again? Eva : Hawsky.

Peter : Are you French?

Eva : Yes, I am.

Are you French, too?

Peter : No, I am not.

Eva : What nationality are you?

Peter : Im Italian.

Eva : And I thought that you are doing the same thing like me,

Arent you?

Peter : Yes, absolutely right.

I come from Italia to the United States for studying Biology.

I


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JEMBER UNIVERSITY 4

Eva : Well, I see.

So do I...

I got information from the website that this University is the biggest University in the USA

Peter : Yes, you are right.

2. Introducing othersOn occasion, you may find yourself in a situation where you have to introduce one person to another.Look at these possible expressions that are used for this.


Sam: Peter, I would like to

introduce (... Miss Helen

Cranston).

Helen: Nice to meet you

too Mr. Kellogg.

Bob: Min Ju, this is ( ... my

friend Betty Watson).

Betty: Same here

Alice: Harry, let me

introduce(...my supervisor,

Mr.Lee).

Mr. Lee: Good to meet

you too. But please, call

me Sammy.

Peter: Hello Miss

Cranston, nice to meet

you.

Min Ju: Hi Ms. Watson, a

pleasure to meet you

Harry:Mr. Lee, its good

to meet you.

Other useful expressions of opening an introduction

Expressions

May introduce (to) .?

Let introduce (to) .

Read this conversation and practice it.

Alex : Hi! My name is Alex Litterman.

The new Manager.

William: HI! Im William OBrian.

Nice to meet you Mr. Alex Litterman.

Alex : William, please meet Mr. Steve Lynch,

My assistant.

Steve : Pleased to meet you.William: Happy to meet you, too.

Steve : Oh, where are you from?

William: Im from Brazil.

Steve : Really? So, which part from Brazil?

William: Im from Rio, what about you?

Where are you from?

Steve : Im from England

3. FarewellsJust as there are several standard expressions for greetings, there are also expressions of farewell.

The farewell itself is generally very short- one or two words. However, many times people addsomething to the expressions, depending on what they want to happen in the future or the situation.


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JEMBER UNIVERSITY 5


Goodbye

So long

I have to run/ I must be off

Good day

Bye/Bye bye/ Bye now/

Catch you later

I have to be going now

Later dude /See

you/Cheerio

Extensions to Farewells


See you again/ I hope to

see you again

See you (later/

soon/tonight)

Call me

See you/Be seeing you/

Fine/ O.K/ All right/

Fine/ O.K/ All right/Sure

4. Greetings (Well being)After the greeting finished, the conversation should be continued in some way. One of the most

common ways is asking about the other people well being. Again, there are several expressions that

can be used for this. The responses to such inquiries will, of course, depend on how one actually feels.

Lets take a look at these.


How are you?

Hows it going?

How are things?

How are things going?

How have you been?

How do you feel?

How goes it?

How are you doing?

How's life treating you?

How are you getting on?

Hows everything?

IF GOOD

Great/Fine/Wellthanks

Couldnt be better.

Fantastic/wonderful..thanks

Pretty good thank you

IF SO-SO

Could be worse.

I cant complain.

Not bad

IF BAD

Ive had better days.

Not too good.

Not very well.

Lousy.

5. Read this dialogue and practice itStudents should work together in pairs and read the following dialogue, one student reading one part,

the other student reading the other. Note the expressions used in the dialogue and the progression of

the conversation. The dialogue can be used as a model to have similar conversations.


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JEMBER UNIVERSITY 6

Sam : Hello, you look lost. Can I be of assistance?

Mary : Oh, thanks. Youre right, I getlost. Im lookingfor Faculty of Mathematic and Science.

Sam : Youre close; youjust go straight and then turn right. The building is over there in front

of the Central Office of Jember University.

Mary : I see, well thanks a lot. Youve been a big help.

Sam : Excuse me for saying so, but youre not fromaround here, are you? Are you from

Jember or what?Mary : Actually Im from Yogyakarta. Im a new student. Youre a Javanese, I assume?

Sam : Yes, by the way Im Sam, Samuel Rizal.

Mary : Im Mary Crisindiana. Pleased to meet you.

Sam : So how long have you been in Jember, Mary?

Mary : Ive been here about three weeks now. So, whats your major Sam?

Sam : Im a Biology student. Whats yours?

Mary : Oh really? Im an Economic Accounting student.

Sam : So, do you live in the dorm?

Mary : Actually no, I live with one of my family here in Kebon Sari. Well, I have to run. Thanks

for your help.

Maybe well bump into each other again sometime.

Sam :Could be, its a pretty small campus. Nice to meet you,

Mary. See you later.Mary : So long.

After reading, close your book and tell your partner a summary of the dialogue. Then switch and have

your partner tell his or her summary. Start like this: This dialogue is about two people who meet... This

may seem silly, since you both already know what the dialogue is about, but the purpose is to practice

using your English, not to give information or test your reading skills.

6. Grammar FocusWh-questions and statements with be

Whatsyour name? My name is Alex. Contractions Subject ossessive

Where areyou from? Im from England. I am = Im Pronoun djectives

Who isthat? His name is Joe. You are = Youre I MyWhatsher name? Her name is Renee. He is = Hes You Your

Where isshe from? She is from Denmark. She is = Shes We His

Where areyou from? Were from the United States. It is = Its They Their

Who arethey? They are Williams friends. We are = Were He His

What aretheir names? Their names are Mr. and-

Mrs. Hellslot.

They

are

= Theyre She Her

Where arethey from? They are from Australia. What is = Whats It Its

Conversation Activities

1. Pair work- Role PlayThe situation: Meeting new people

Working with a partner, role plays the situation, using the information below

The roles: See items below

1. One partner is a new student at a university meeting his/her major professor for the first time. 2. One partner has recently moved to a new neighborhood and is meeting their next door neighbor

for the first time.

3. On partner is a new employee at a company meeting a coworker for the first time. 4. Both partners are strangers at a mutual friends party meeting for the first time.

2. Pair worksInterview someone in the class you do not know well. After the interview is over, the interviewer

could give a short introduction of the person to the whole class or to small groups of 4 to 6 people.

Questions you may want to ask during the interview include:

Name Where they are from


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JEMBER UNIVERSITY 7

Number of people in their family His or her goal in life What their family members do Favorite kinds of music (or food, movies, etc) Job or major Hobbies Marital status Why they want to learn English


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JEMBER UNIVERSITY 8

II. Understanding GrammarSimple Tenses: Present - Past - Future

There are a number of tenses in English grammar. However among them, there are some basic tenses

which can be developed into other tenses. They are Simple Present Tense, Simple Past Tense, and Simple

Future Tense. Since they involve sentences, the structure remains following the basic rule of a sentence

construction.A. Simple Present Tense

To demonstrate an event that used to happen or related to Habitual Actions

Functions:

1. Permanent states is talking about things that are always, generally true.

- I live in Jember2. General truth (facts)

- A week has seven days- The sun rises in the east- The sun shines by day, and the moon by night

3. Routines / habits is talking about things you do regularly, all the time.

- I go to school everyday- He usually eats an egg for breakfast

Time Signals (Adverb of Frequency)

Always : Selalu

Generally : Biasanya

Often : Sering

Regularly : Secara tetap

Seldom : Jarang

Now & then : Kadang-kadang

Once a week : Sekali seminggu

Normally : Biasanya

Usually : Biasanya

Sometimes : Kadang-kadangFrequently : Sering

Everyday : Setiap hari

Affirmative Form (+)

Subject Verb

I, You, We, They Infinitive

He, She, It Infinitives/es

Negative Form (-)

Subject Verb

I, You, We, They Do + not + infinitive

He, She, It Does + not + infinitive

Interrogative Form (?)

Subject Verb

Do I, You, We, They Infinitive

Does He, She, It


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JEMBER UNIVERSITY 9

The spelling rules for He, She, and It

Verb Rule Examples

Most verbs Adds - The office opensat 8 oclock- The class startsat 9 a.m

Ends in a consonant + y Changeyto ies - The baby criesvery loudly- The birdfliesin the skyEnds in ch, sh, s, x, z Add es - Mr. Diawara teachesEnglish at Language

Centre

- She wishesto have a new carDoandgo Add es - My sistergoesto school everyday

- Rina doesall her homeworkhave has - She hasdinner at 8 p.m

- She hasbrother and sisterB. Simple Past Tense

To demonstrate a past event.

Functions:

1. A finished single action in the past- I got scholarship last year- The movie started at 7.30 p.m

2. A finished state in the past- Dian lived in a small town- Bima had a bad score

3. A repeated action in the past- Novi always studied English on Monday- She went to school everyday

When we use the past simple, we often say the time of the action: in 1960, at 7.30, on Monday.

Time Signals (Adverb of Frequency)

Yesterday : Kemarin

Last night : Semalam, tadi malam

Last week : Minggu yang laluA few minutes ago : Beberapa menit yang lalu

Two days ago : Dua hari yang lalu

A month ago : Sebulan yang lalu

In 1976 : Pada tahun 1976


Subject Verb

I, You, We, They

He, She, It

Past Tense

Negative Form (-)

Subject Verb

I, You, We, They

He, She, It

Did + not + infinitive


Subject Verb

Did I, You, We, They

He, She, It

Infinitive

Past Simple: Regular and Irregular Verb

1. Regular VerbsUsually we add d / edto the verb


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JEMBER UNIVERSITY 10

The spelling rules for d / ed

Verb Rule Examples

Ends in e

e.g: live

Add d - She livedin JemberEnds in a consonant + vowel

+ consonante.g: stop

Double the final

consonant

- He stopped working at 5.30 p.m

Ends in consonant + y

e.g : copy

Changeyto ied - I copied some articles

2. Irregular Verbs have no regular pattern

Many common verbs have an irregular past form:

e.g: go went

have had

meet met

get got

feel felt

eat ate

C. Simple Future Tense To demonstrate future actions.

Functions:

1. A future actions- He will post the letter- I shall go to Malang tomorrow

2. A future appointment- He will meet you by ten- She will help you with your homework tomorrow

3. To show a signal-

Rani will give you a good dictionary if you go with himTime Signals (Adverb of Frequency)

Tomorrow : besok

Tonight : malam ini

1. The time signals in present continuous is also can be used in future tensee.g: next month : bulan depan

2. Temporal conjunction (kata sambung yang bersifat sementara)If : jika

When / while : ketika

Before : sebelum

After : sesudah

As soon as : segera sesudah

Till / untill : hingga, sampai

after all of this temporal conjunction the following sentence without shall / will


Subject Verb

I, we Will / shall + infinitive

You, They, He, She, It Will + infinitive

Negative Form (-)

Subject Verb

I, we Will / shall + not +

infinitive

You, They, He, She, It Will + not + infinitive


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Subject Verb

Will / shall I, we Infinitive

will You, They, He, She, It

Future intentionsbesides the formula above future tenses can use to be + going + to + infinitive

We use to be + going + to + infinitivewhen we are talking about our plans or intentions

- We are going to study English next summer.- Alice is not going to have a party this year.

(+) Im

Going to Infinitive(-) Im not

(?) Am I

Exercises

A. Change these sentences into (+), (-), or (?) and check the time signals based on each tenses.1. The architect (make) the plans of building. Present

(+) .

(-) .

(?) .

2. I always (meet) you on the corner of this street. Present(+) .

(-) .

(?) .

3. They not (write) a book last year. Past(+) .

(-) .

(?) .

4. He (buy) a new car. Past(+) .

(-) .

(?) .

5. She (go) to town everyday. Present(+) .

(-) .

(?) .

6. He (arrive) tomorrow morning. Future(+) .

(-) .

(?) .

7. I (see) you the day after tomorrow. Future(+) .(-) .

(?) .

8. He often (lose) his pen. Past(+) .

(-) .

(?) .

9. He not (believe) me. Future(+) .

(-) .

(?) .

10. Andi not (see) the movie last night. Past(+) .

(-) .(?) .


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B. In the paragraph below. The verbs in italic tell us what happened. Write the passage again.Change the verb in italics so that they tell us what will happen.

What will happen?

I wentto my University with my friend Reg. Reg and I hadour first presentation about Biology. After

the presentation, the Deangavea short speech; he spoketo the audiences about our presentation. The

presentation wasvery successful and I think a great many people enjoyedit very much.

C. There is a line under each word or group of words in the statements below. The words are notin the right order. Arrange them correctly.

1. The film I enjoyed yesterday .

2. My mother to market went ..

3.

The children asked continuously questions in the class this morning ...

4. We at home stay on Sundays .

5. This morning a book I from the library borrowed

D. The verbs in brackets tell us what happen. Give the correct form of each verb:What happened?

My friend, Roy, (die)today. He (leave)me his record player and his collection of records. Roy (spend)

a lot of money on records. He (buy)one or two new records every week. He never (go)to the cinema

or to the theatre. He (stay)at home every evening and (listen)to music. He often (lend)records to his

friends. Sometimes they (keep) them. He (lose)many records in this way.

E. Write the Past forms of the Irregular Verbs, find the meaning, and try to make 5 sentencesbased on the verbs bellow.

No Infinitive Simple past Meaning

1 Cut .......... ..........

2 Arise .......... ..........

3 Beat .......... ..........

4 Fall .......... ..........5 Feel .......... ..........

6 Bring .......... ..........

7 Choose .......... ..........

8 Build .......... ..........

9 Deal .......... ..........

10 Forbid .......... ..........

11 Forgive .......... ..........

12 Mean .......... ..........

13 Draw .......... ..........

14 Fight .......... ..........

15 Grow .......... ..........

No Infinitive Simple past Meaning

16 Meet .......... ..........

17 Hide .......... ..........

18 Leave .......... ..........

19 Pay .......... ..........20 Put .......... ..........

21 Read .......... ..........

22 See .......... ..........

23 Sit .......... ..........

24 Swear .......... ..........

25 Throw .......... ..........

26 Wake .......... ..........

27 Win .......... ..........

28 Burn .......... ..........

29 Shut .......... ..........

30 Lose .......... ..........


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Unit21 Reading Comprehension

2 Presentation


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