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FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

BIOM9541

MECHANICS OF THE HUMAN BODY

SESSION 2, 2014

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Table of Contents

1. Information about the Course .......................................................................................................................................... 3

2. Staff Involved in the Course ............................................................................................................................................ 3

3. Course Details ................................................................................................................................................................... 4

4. Rationale and Strategies Underpinning the Course .................................................................................................... 5

5. Course Schedule .............................................................................................................................................................. 6

6. Assessment Tasks and Feedback .................................................................................................................................. 7

7. Additional Resources and Support ................................................................................................................................ 9

8. Required Equipment, Training and Enabling Skills ...................................................................................................... 9

9. Course Evaluation and Development .......................................................................................................................... 10

10. Administration Matters ................................................................................................................................................. 11

11. UNSW Academic Honesty and Plagiarism ............................................................................................................... 12

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1. Information about the Course NB: Some of this information is available on the UNSW Handbook

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Year of Delivery 2014

Course Code BIOM9541

Course Name Mechanics of the Human Body

Academic Unit Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering

Level of Course PG and upper-level UG

Units of Credit 6UOC

Session(s) Offered S2

Assumed Knowledge,

Prerequisites or Co-

requisites

Any of the following (assumed):

BIOM2451 Biomechanics for Sports Scientists

BIOM9510 Introductory Biomechanics

MMAN1300 Engineering Mechanics 1

Hours per Week 3HPW

Number of Weeks 12 weeks

Commencement Date 31 July 2014

Summary of Course Structure (for details see 'Course Schedule')

Component HPW Time Day Location

Lecture 2 10am – 12pm Thurs Pioneer Theatre, AGSM

Lab/Tut – Option 1 1 9 – 10am Thurs AGSM LG06 and NeuRA

Lab/Tut – Option 2 1 12 – 1pm Thurs AGSM LG06 and NeuRA

TOTAL 3

Special Details None

2. Staff Involved in the Course

Staff Role Name Contact Details Consultation Times

Course Convenor Dr L Kark Sam 515B

lauren.kark@unsw.edu.au

Email for appointment

Additional Teaching

Staff

Lecturers &

Facilitators

Dr L Kark Sam 515B

lauren.kark@unsw.edu.au

Email for appointment

Dr Matthew

Brodie

Dr Daina

Sturnieks

1 UNSW Online Handbook: http://www.handbook.unsw.edu.au

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3. Course Details

Course Description

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(Handbook Entry)

Biomechanics is the study of the effect of mechanical phenomena (forces, velocities,

accelerations, energies, power, momenta, moments, friction, fatigue and failure) on human

bodies. It relies on an understanding of mechanics and applies the fundamentals of mechanics

to the structure and function of the human body.

Biomechanics is used in a diverse range of disciplines including biology, ergonomics,

engineering, physiology, medicine, and mechanical physics. Many professionals – engineers,

designers, physical therapists, oral and orthopaedic surgeons, cardiologists, and aerospace

engineers – use practical applications of biomechanics.

Biomechanics has application in all areas of health care and medical problem-solving which

require physical manipulation. It may be the major area of concern in some instances (e.g.

artificial joints, prosthetics and orthoses, mechanisms of physical injury) or it may be a vital

adjunct to another area (e.g. design of an implantable pacemaker or specialist surgical tools).

This course covers in depth the methods used in the analysis of the biomechanics of the human

musculoskeletal system. Methods to analyse body segment and joint kinematics, joint kinetics,

work and power, muscle forces and associated energy costs will be covered. Applications of

biomechanics in clinical, occupational and recreational areas will be presented.

Course Aims

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The aims of this course are to:

Integrate the knowledge of anatomy and mechanics to develop a deeper understanding of human movement; and

Introduce the measurement, description, analysis and assessment of human movement.

Student Learning Outcomes

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On completion of this course, you should:

Have a broad understanding of the scope of biomechanics and its applications

Understand the fundamental general mechanical principles used

Be able to discuss, develop and apply mechanical principles to a range of problems and medical applications.

Be able to describe and discuss the measurement, analysis and assessment of human movement.

Critically review the literature in the area and apply knowledge gained from the course to analyse biomechanical applications

Clearly summarise and communicate findings from literature research using oral and written methods

Graduate Attributes Developed in this Course

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UNSW Graduate Attributes

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Select the level of

FOCUS 0 = NO FOCUS

1 = MINIMAL 2 = MINOR 3 = MAJOR

Activities / Assessment

Research, inquiry and analytical thinking abilities

3 All practical activities Major assignment

Capability and motivation for intellectual development

1 Major assignment

Ethical, social and professional understanding

1 Major assignment

2 UNSW Handbook: http://www.handbook.unsw.edu.au

3 Learning and Teaching Unit: Course Outlines

4 Learning and Teaching Unit: Learning Outcomes

5 UNSW Graduate Attributes: https://my.unsw.edu.au/student/atoz/GraduateAttributes.html

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Communication

2 All practical activity reports Major assignment

Teamwork, collaborative and management skills 2 All practical activities

Major assignment

Information literacy 2 Major assignment

Major Topics (Syllabus Outline)

Measurement and modelling of human movement Anthropometrics Kinematics Kinetics Optimisation

Relationship to Other Courses within the Program

BIOM9541 follows BIOM9510 Introductory Biomechanics. It is part of the suite of biomechanics

courses offered by the Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering which includes BIOM9561

Mechanics of Biomaterials, BIOM9551 Biomechanics of Physical Rehabilitation and BIOM9701

Dynamics of the Cardiovascular System.

4. Rationale and Strategies Underpinning the Course

Teaching Strategies

This course requires you to understand the lecture material and then apply the knowledge to biomechanical applications. It is important to understand the fundamental concepts as soon as possible and to ask for help if you do not understand. Attend all the lectures and if something is unclear, please ask questions. Make sure you review lecture notes and read all material that is suggested or handed out. Class participation through attendance at lectures and participation in class exercises and group work is expected and will allow for alternative methods of absorbing the relevant information.

Rationale for learning and teaching in this course

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This course is taught at a postgraduate level, where application of concepts to practical situations is important. As such, each lecture is usually accompanied by a practical activity that will allow you to test your understanding of theoretical concepts, and apply your knowledge to real-life events relevant to biomechanics. The major assignment consolidates the theoretical knowledge gained throughout the course and allows you to further develop your problem solving skills in a group environment.

6Reflecting on your teaching

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5. Course Schedule Some of this information is available on the Online Handbook

7 and the UNSW Timetable

8.

Week

Lectures (Thursday 10am – 12pm), Topics & Lecturers

Tutorials (Thur 9 – 10am or 12 – 1pm), Topics & Lecturers

Practicals (Thurs 9 – 10am or 12– 1pm), Topics & Lecturers

Other

Assignment and Submission dates (see also 'Assessment Tasks & Feedback')

Week 1 Introduction

(Lauren Kark)

Week 2 Anthropometrics

(Lauren Kark) Mechanics revision

(Lauren Kark) -

Week 3 Balance and stability (Lauren Kark)

- Anthropometrics

(Lauren Kark) Mechanics revision (3%)

Friday 15 August at 4pm

Week 4

Walking gait Rotation matrices

(Lauren Kark) -

Balance assessment (Lauren Kark and

Daina Sturnieks)

Anthropometrics report (3%)

Friday 22 August at 4pm

Week 5 TBA (TBA)

OpenSim Tutorial (TBA)

- Balance assessment (7%) Friday 29 August at 4pm

Week 6 * Kinematics (I)

(Lauren Kark) -

GAITRite

(Lauren Kark and

Daina Sturnieks)

Major assignment released

Week 7 Kinematics (II)

(Matthew Brodie) -

Motion capture (I)

(Lauren Kark and

Daina Sturnieks)

GAITRite report (5%)

Friday 12 September at 4pm

Week 8 Kinetics (I) (Lauren Kark)

-

Motion capture (II)

(Matthew Brodie

and Lauren Kark)

Proposal (2%)

Tuesday 16 September

Week 9 Kinetics (II) (Lauren Kark)

OpenSim Tutorial (Lauren Kark)

- Major assignment data capture Motion capture (I) (10%) Friday 26 September at 4pm

Week 10 Optimisation (Lauren Kark)

Major assignment prep (Lauren Kark)

- Major assignment data capture Motion capture (II) (10%) Friday 10 October at 4pm

Week 11 Muscle mechanics (Lauren Kark)

Major assignment prep (Lauren Kark)

-

Week 12 Major assignment presentations Major assignment presentations -

Oral presentation (7.5%) Thursday 23 October in class

Week 13 - - - Written report (12.5%) Friday 31 October at 4pm

*NB: As stated in the UNSW Assessment Policy: ‘one or more tasks should be set, submitted, marked and returned to students by the mid-point of a course, or no later than the

end of Week 6 of a 12-week session'

7 UNSW Virtual Handbook: http://www.handbook.unsw.edu.au

8 UNSW Timetable: http://www.timetable.unsw.edu.au/

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6. Assessment Tasks and Feedback

Task

Knowledge & abilities

assessed

Assessment Criteria

% of total mark

Date of

Feedback

Release

Submission

WHO

WHEN

HOW

Mechanics revision

Demonstrate an understanding of the fundamentals underlying BIOM9541

Ability to solve mechanics problems necessary to progress with BIOM9541

3 7/08 15/08 LK 28/08 Written

Anthropometrics report Understand the fundamental general mechanical principles used

Discuss, develop and apply mechanical principles to a range of problems and medical applications.

Describe and discuss the measurement, analysis and assessment of human movement.

Application of Newton’s and Euler’s Laws.

Calculation of whole body centre of mass and lower limb mass moment of inertia.

Familiarity with anthropometric tables and their origins.

3 14/08 22/08 LK 4/09 Written

Balance assessment Understand the parameters of balance and stability.

Compare and contrast methods of balance assessment

Quantification of postural sway

Comparison of postural sway methods

7 18/08 29/08 LK 12/09 Written

GAITRite Understand the temporospatial parameters of able-bodied walking gait

Quantification of temporospatial parameters of able-bodied walking gait

5 04/09 12/09 LK 25/09 Written

Proposal Design of experiment

Communication of ideas

Formal writing

Quality of design of experiment

Clarity of ideas expressed 2 04/09 16/09 LK 18/09

Oral and written

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Motion capture (I)

Discuss, develop and apply mechanical principles to a range of problems and medical applications.

Describe and discuss the measurement, analysis and assessment of human movement.

Calculation of lower-limb kinematics throughout the gait cycle.

Description of calculations used to obtain lower-limb kinematics.

10 11/09 26/09 LK 09/10 Written

Motion capture (II)

Discuss, develop and apply mechanical principles to a range of problems and medical applications.

Describe and discuss the measurement, analysis and assessment of human movement.

Calculation of lower-limb kinematics throughout the assigned movement.

Explanation and discussion of lower-limb kinetics throughout the assigned movement.

10 18/09 10/10 LK or MB 23/10 Written

Major assignment Discuss, develop and apply mechanical principles to a range of problems and medical applications.

Be able to describe and discuss the measurement, analysis and assessment of human movement.

Critically review the literature in the area and apply knowledge gained from the course to analyse biomechanical applications

Clearly summarise and communicate findings from literature research using oral and written methods

Development of experimental and theoretical methodology based on mechanical principles.

Description and discussion of the experimental methodology utilised.

Contextualisation of the study in the body of literature; critical analysis of the literature in relation to the results obtained experimentally.

Effectiveness in communicating (via oral and verbal methods) methodology, results and discussion.

20 (7.5% oral;

12.5% report)

Verbal

and written

Exam

All Application and discussion of concepts learned throughout the semester.

40 TBC TBC LK TBC -

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7. Additional Resources and Support

Text Books

The recommended text for this subject is:

Winter, D.A. Biomechanics and motor control of human movement. Third edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005.

Other useful reference books that are held in the UNSW Library are:

Enderle, J.D. and J.D. Bronzino, Introduction to biomedical engineering, Third edition, Academic Press, 2012.

Meriam, J.L. and L.G. Kraige, Engineering mechanics, Sixth edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2008.

Students seeking additional resources can also obtain assistance from the UNSW Library at http://library.unsw.edu.au/.

Course Manual None

Required Readings None

Additional Readings Additional readings will be made available via Moodle.

Recommended Internet Sites

Recommended internet sites will be listed on Moodle.

Societies Australian and New Zealand Society of Biomechanics (www.anzsb.asn.au) European Society for Movement Analysis in Adults and Children (www.esmac.org) American Society of Biomechanics (www.asbweb.org)

Computer Laboratories or Study Spaces

Sam 518

8. Required Equipment, Training and Enabling Skills

Equipment Required None

Enabling Skills Training Suggested to Complete this Course

ELISE (www.unsw.edu.au/elise)

You may find the following workshops, available through the Learning Centre, useful:

How to Reference How to Research for Your Assignments Listening and Note-taking Writing Summaries and Paraphrases Essential Skills for Oral Presentations Critical Reading and Writing Avoiding Plagiarism

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9. Course Evaluation and Development

Student feedback is gathered periodically by various means. Such feedback is considered carefully with a view to

acting on it constructively wherever possible. This course outline conveys how feedback has helped to shape and

develop this course.

Mechanisms of Review

Last Review Date

Comments or Changes Resulting from Reviews

Major Course Review

2011

This course was previously taught through the School of Risk and Safety Sciences. We inherited this course in late 2010, and redeveloped it entirely. The course is evaluated every year, and student input is used to steer its evolution.

CATEI

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Nov 2013

Your feedback is much appreciated and taken very seriously. Continual improvements are made to the course based in part on such feedback and this helps us to improve the course for future students.

Other

Throughout

Informal student feedback throughout the semester is frequently sought and used to assist in the progression of the course.

9CATEI process

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10. Administration Matters

Expectations of Students

Attendance at the practical activities is compulsory. Non-attendance for reasons other than misadventure will preclude you from submitting the assignment related to the activity you missed.

Data collection for the major assignment must be attended by all group members. Failure to attend your group’s data capture session will result in a 50% penalty for the oral presentation and written report. A large component of the major assignment is collecting data, and it is therefore necessary for all group members to attend.

Assignment Submissions

Assignments must be submitted in hard-copy to the front office of the Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering. All assignments must have a non-plagiarism declaration statement attached to the front. Non-plagiarism declaration statements are available from www.gsbme.unsw.edu.au. Please note that the front office will not provide you with this cover sheet; it is expected that you print your own.

Occupational Health and Safety

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Each practical activity performed as part of this course has an associated risk assessment. These will be uploaded to Moodle for your perusal, and you will be expected to read this document prior to completing each practical activity. Informed consent for participation in practical activities will be achieved through a choice activity administered via Moodle.

Assessment Procedures UNSW Assessment Policy

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Applications for special consideration must be lodged through myunsw. In addition, it is recommended that you discuss your circumstances with your lecturer.

Equity and Diversity

Those students who have a disability that requires some adjustment in their teaching or learning environment are encouraged to discuss their study needs with the course Convenor prior to, or at the commencement of, their course, or with the Equity Officer (Disability) in the Equity and Diversity Unit (9385 4734 or http://www.studentequity.unsw.edu.au/ ). Issues to be discussed may include access to materials, signers or note-takers, the provision of services and additional exam and assessment arrangements. Early notification is essential to enable any necessary adjustments to be made.

Student Complaint Procedure

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School Contact

Faculty Contact

University Contact

A/Prof Socrates Dokos Ethics Officer s.dokos@unsw.edu.au

Tel: 9385 9406

Dr David Clements Associate Dean (Academic) d.clements@unsw.edu.au Tel: 9385 5230

Student Conduct and Appeals Officer (SCAO) within the Office of the Pro-Vice-Chancellor (Students) and Registrar. Telephone 02 9385 8515, email studentcomplaints@unsw.edu.au University Counselling and Psychological Services

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Tel: 9385 5418

10 UNSW OHS Home page 11

UNSW Assessment Policy 12

UNSW Student Complaint Procedure 13

University Counselling and Psychological Services

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11. UNSW Academic Honesty and Plagiarism

What is Plagiarism?

Plagiarism is the presentation of the thoughts or work of another as one’s own. *Examples include:

direct duplication of the thoughts or work of another, including by copying material, ideas or concepts from a book, article, report or other written document (whether published or unpublished), composition, artwork, design, drawing, circuitry, computer program or software, web site, Internet, other electronic resource, or another person’s assignment without appropriate acknowledgement;

paraphrasing another person’s work with very minor changes keeping the meaning, form and/or progression of ideas of the original;

piecing together sections of the work of others into a new whole;

presenting an assessment item as independent work when it has been produced in whole or part in collusion with other people, for example, another student or a tutor; and

claiming credit for a proportion a work contributed to a group assessment item that is greater than that actually contributed.†

For the purposes of this policy, submitting an assessment item that has already been submitted for academic credit elsewhere may be considered plagiarism. Knowingly permitting your work to be copied by another student may also be considered to be plagiarism. Note that an assessment item produced in oral, not written, form, or involving live presentation, may similarly contain plagiarised material. The inclusion of the thoughts or work of another with attribution appropriate to the academic discipline does not

amount to plagiarism. The Learning Centre website is main repository for resources for staff and students on plagiarism and academic honesty. These resources can be located via: www.lc.unsw.edu.au/plagiarism The Learning Centre also provides substantial educational written materials, workshops, and tutorials to aid students, for example, in:

correct referencing practices;

paraphrasing, summarising, essay writing, and time management;

appropriate use of, and attribution for, a range of materials including text, images, formulae and concepts. Individual assistance is available on request from The Learning Centre. Students are also reminded that careful time management is an important part of study and one of the identified causes of plagiarism is poor time management. Students should allow sufficient time for research, drafting, and the proper referencing of sources in preparing all assessment items. * Based on that proposed to the University of Newcastle by the St James Ethics Centre. Used with kind permission from the University of Newcastle † Adapted with kind permission from the University of Melbourne