Biomass Resource Management and Utilization

Biomass Residue

Direct Application

• Incorporation

• In-situ composting

• Mulch

• Animal Beddings

•Landfill

Value Adding

• Mushroom production

• Vermi culture

• Fuel

Processing• Carbonization

• Composting

• Organic fertilizer production

• Feed Formulation

• Bio-based products

AGRICULTURE SYSTEM

Ways in managing biomass

In-site composting

• Rice straw and other farm biomass residues can be composted right in the field using EM microbial inoculant

• The use of biomass or organic materials improves soil quality and reduce chemical fertilizers

• Simple, practical and economical

In-situ composting of rice straw

In site Composting of Rice Straw

Methods• Spread rice straw in the field after

plowing• Apply 100 kg EMBI over the rice

straw then spray 5 liters extended EM solution (EMAS) per hectare.

• Maintain water level at least 2cm level.

• Harrow the field after 5-7 days to mix the rice straw to decompose

• Harrow again the field after 5-7 days.

• Spray 1 liter EMAS during final harrowing.

Results• Enhance straw

incorporation and decomposition.

• Soil becomes soft and friable.

• Reduce the effect of toxic acids to crops.

• Reduce fertilizer requirements.

Note: No need to apply EMBI if you use EM Organic or

fermented animal manure

Rapid composting using EM Technology

preparation Microbial inoculation

Composting Quality evaluation

Activators

• Produce compost in just 2-3 weeks

• Easy and practical methods

• Results comparable with other compost activators

Composting with EM Technology

Methods• Mix rice straw (7 parts),

grasses (2 parts), manure (1 part) and 100 g EMBI/kg materials.

• While mixing, water the material with EMAS (1:10 dilution rate) until MC is about 40-50%.

• Pile the materials and cover it with sack or plastic materials.

• Turn the materials after 1 week. Water it with Extended EM solution if necessary.

• The material is ready for use after 2-3 weeks.

Analysis OM (32.8%), pH (7.6),

N (2.05%), P (0.30%), K (27.56 meq/100g

Biomass resource recovery system

AGRICULTURE SYSTEM

MICROBIALINOCULANT

BIOMASS RESIDUE

FERMENTATIONPROCESS

•Microbial inoculant

SHREDDING &BULKING PROCESS

•Additives

FERMENTATION-DECOMPOSITION& CURING PROCESS

FERMENTED PRODUCTS•Foliar fertilizer•Feed supplement•Compost

BIOORGANIC FERTILIZER

FEEDS

PROCESSING & PACKAGING ADDITIVES

HOUSEHOLDModel

COMMUNITY/COMMERCIAL

Model

Fermented kitchen garbage

• EM Technology converts kitchen garbage into quality fertilizer and feed supplement through fermentation-decomposition process

• Stand longer time with no foul odor and maggots.

Fermented kitchen garbage

• Chop kitchen garbage (vegetable trimmings, fruit peels, fish entrails, meat scraps and left over foods).

• Add EMBI at 100g/kg garbage

• Place in container with drain plug. Press and cover.

• Ferment for 5-7 days.• Remove leacheate

regularly.

Uses • Substrate for compost• Organic fertilizer• Feed supplement• Leacheate as foliar

fertilizerAnalysis

pH (5.6), NH4N (0.73%), N (3.36%), P (0.38%), K (8.62%)

Fermented product have a sweet sour smell like pickles

EM Fermented Manure

Methods• Animal manure mixed

with MBI (100g/kg).• Watered with EM

solution (5% EM 1 & 5% molasses) until MC is about 40%.

• Mound the material, cover it with plastic or sack then fermented for 5 days.

Results• Foul odor removed• Quality improved

AnalysispH : 6.03, N : 2.43%, P : 0.33%,

K: 26.3%, MC: 5.0%

SHREDDING &BULKING PROCESS

FERMENTATION-DECOMPOSITION& CURING PROCESS

BIOORGANIC FERTILIZER

FEEDS

PROCESSING & PACKAGING

ADDITIVES• Fish emulsion• Blood emulsion• Rock phosphate• Lime• Femented effluent• etc

MICROBIALINOCULANT

• CARBONIZED RICE HULL• EM INOCULANT

• RICE BRAN• MANURE

• AnaerobicCondition• Moisture <40%• <50oC Temperature

PROCESS OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER PRODUCTION

Bio-organic fertilizer production

Bioorganic fertilizer production

• Utilizes local materials

• Practical, fast & economical

• Follows the fermentation-decomposition process

• No foul odor

Production of EM Bioorganic Fertilizer

Methods• Mix animal manure ( 4 parts) CRH (3

parts), Rice bran (2 parts) and garden soil (1part).

• Add 100 g MBI/kg materials and water it with EM solution (5% EMAS & 5% molasses) until MC is about 30-40%.

• Pile the materials, cover and ferment it for 2 weeks.

Note: Maintain temperature not more than 60oC

Analysis

pH : 4.92

N : 1.7%

P : 0.185%

K : 10.44%

MC : 5.75%

N content and C:N ratio of Selected organic materials

Animal Wastes %N C:N Ratio

UrineBloodFish scrapsPoultry manurePig manureCow manureFarm yard manureNight soil

15-1810-146.5-10

6.33.81.7

2.155.5-6.5

0.83

5.1--

1814

6-10

Nitrogen content…

Plant Biomass %N C:N Ratio

Grass clippingsSea weedStrawSawdustLegumes

2.41.91.10.1

2.4-3

191948

51116-20

Nitrogen content…

Household wastes

%N C:N Ratio

Raw garbageBreadVegetable trimmings

2.22.11.5

25-

25

• Foliar fertilizers and Fertilizer and Feed additives – Fish emulsion– Blood emulsion– Urine emulsion– Sea weeds extract– Animal effluent emulsion

• Insect repellant & anti-feedant – Fermented plant extracts – Smoke tar

Production of Bio-based products

EM formulations

• EM-1 is the original formulation. General purpose formula for soil and plant inoculant, compost starter, deodorizer, waste water treatment, drinking additives and for making other EM formulations such as EMAS & FPE.

EM formulations

• EM microbial base inoculant (EMBI) is fermented organic materials such as rice bran, cocodust, sawdust, CRH or other organic materials. Use as soil inoculant, compost starter, nutrient source and feed supplement. 1:1 ratio of organic materials and CRH + 5% EM 1 and 5% molasses fermented for 5-7 days.

EM formulations

• EM activated solution (EMAS) is the reactivated EM. Use as soil and plant inoculant, compost starter supplement, waste water treatment and deodorizer. Mix 3% EM 1 and 3% molasses in 94% water then ferment the solution anaerobically for 1 week.

Applications

• Soil inoculant. EM 1 or EME is applied into the soil

• Plant inoculant. EM is sprayed or sprinkled to the plants.

• Seed inoculant. Soak seed in 1:1000 dilution rate. The length of time depends on seed size. Small seeds is soak for 2-4 hrs, medium seeds, 8-12 hrs and larger seeds or with hard shells for 1-2 days.

• Compost starter. EMBI, EM 1, EMAS enhance decomposition

• Deodorizer/Sterilizer. Remove foul odor, reduce flies. Decontaminates water

Other applications of EM• Crop Maintenance• Animal health care • Fish pond

maintenance• Solid and waste

water treatment• Homecare• Industrial

Bioremediation of toxicants in biomass wastes

• EM microbial inoculant reduced the amount of heavy metals (lead, cadmium and mercury) spiked in biomass wastes during two-week period of fermentation.

Bioremediation of Heavy Metals Using EM

Methods• Kitchen garbage spiked with 10

ppm Lead and 2 ppm Cadmium• MBI was inoculated at 100g/kg

waste• Materials fermented for 7 days• Extraction and analysis was

done before treatment and at 7, 20 and 30 days after treatment

Results– 20-70% reduction

of Lead concentration

– 20-90% reduction of Cadmium concentration