BIOMATERIALS

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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONThis package has been specially designed to This package has been specially designed to provide pharmacy students with accurate provide pharmacy students with accurate and concise information regarding and concise information regarding Biomaterials and their applications. Biomaterials and their applications.

The main focus of this package is looking at The main focus of this package is looking at Microparticulate systems as drug carriers Microparticulate systems as drug carriers and biomaterials as Coating materials.and biomaterials as Coating materials.

Biomaterials MenuBiomaterials Menu Definition of biomaterials Definition of biomaterials

Types of biomaterials Types of biomaterials

Ideal properties of biomaterials Ideal properties of biomaterials

Applications of biomaterials Applications of biomaterials

Useful links Useful links

Tutorials Tutorials

BiomaterialsBiomaterials

Biomaterials can be defined as “a material Biomaterials can be defined as “a material intended to interface with biological systems intended to interface with biological systems to evaluate, treat, augment, or replace any to evaluate, treat, augment, or replace any tissue, organ or function of the body.”tissue, organ or function of the body.”

Types of BiomaterialsTypes of BiomaterialsBiomaterials can be…Biomaterials can be… NaturalNatural SyntheticSynthetic SolidSolid LiquidLiquid

These can be used in medical devices or within biological systems.These can be used in medical devices or within biological systems. E.g. metals, ceramics, polymers, glasses, carbons.E.g. metals, ceramics, polymers, glasses, carbons.

Biomaterials can be roughly divided into 3 groups:Biomaterials can be roughly divided into 3 groups:

1.1. Inert materialsInert materials or minimal tissue response, such as metals or minimal tissue response, such as metals2.2. Active materialsActive materials encourage bonding to surrounding tissue with such as new bone growth encourage bonding to surrounding tissue with such as new bone growth

stimulationstimulation3.3. Degradable materialsDegradable materials are incorporated into the surrounding tissue, or completely dissolve are incorporated into the surrounding tissue, or completely dissolve

over a period of time.over a period of time.

Ideal properties of Ideal properties of Biomaterials Biomaterials

The main property required of a biomaterial is that it The main property required of a biomaterial is that it does not illicit an adverse reaction when placed into a does not illicit an adverse reaction when placed into a biological system. biological system.

Ideally it should be …Ideally it should be … Non-toxic Non-toxic Non-allergenic Non-allergenic Non-carcinogenic Non-carcinogenic Non-mutagenicNon-mutagenic

Application of Application of Biomaterials Biomaterials

1.1. OrthopaedicOrthopaedic

2.2. Dental Dental

3.3. Cardiovascular Cardiovascular

4.4. Cosmetic Cosmetic

5.5. Ophthalmic Ophthalmic

Orthopaedic Applications

Examples of biomaterials Examples of biomaterials used in orthopaedic used in orthopaedic applications include:applications include:

Joint replacements (hip, Joint replacements (hip, knee)knee)

Bone cements Bone cements Bone defect fillers Bone defect fillers Fracture fixation plates Fracture fixation plates Artificial tendons and Artificial tendons and

ligaments.ligaments.

Dental ApplicationsDental ApplicationsExamples of biomaterials Examples of biomaterials used in dental applications used in dental applications include:include:

Pins for anchoring tooth Pins for anchoring tooth implants and also part of implants and also part of orthodontic devices.orthodontic devices.

Dentures made from Dentures made from polymeric biomaterials.polymeric biomaterials.

Cardiovascular ApplicationsCardiovascular Applications

Biomaterials are widely used Biomaterials are widely used in cardiovascular equipment in cardiovascular equipment and devices to be inserted into and devices to be inserted into biological systems. biological systems.

Examples include:Examples include: Carbon used in heart valvesCarbon used in heart valves Polyurethane for pace makers.Polyurethane for pace makers.

Their use depends on the Their use depends on the specific application and the specific application and the design. design.

Cosmetic ApplicationsCosmetic Applications

Examples of biomaterials Examples of biomaterials used in cosmetic used in cosmetic applications include:applications include:

Silicones for breast Silicones for breast enlargement.enlargement.

Artificial skin Artificial skin

Ophthalmic ApplicationsOphthalmic Applications

Examples of biomaterials Examples of biomaterials used in ophthalmic used in ophthalmic applications include:applications include:

Contact lenses Contact lenses Corneal implants Corneal implants Artificial corneas Artificial corneas Intraocular lenses Intraocular lenses

Useful Links

Click below to obtain further information on Biomaterials and their Click below to obtain further information on Biomaterials and their applicationsapplications

Biomaterials: Body Parts of the FutureBiomaterials: Body Parts of the Future

BiomaterialsBiomaterials

Developments in medical polymers for Biomaterials ApplicationsDevelopments in medical polymers for Biomaterials Applications

Biomaterials-Polymers in Controlled Drug DeliveryBiomaterials-Polymers in Controlled Drug Delivery

TUTORIALS TUTORIALS

MICROPARTICULMICROPARTICULATE SYSTEMS AS ATE SYSTEMS AS DRUG CARRIERS DRUG CARRIERS

COATING COATING MATERIALSMATERIALS