biopesticides (final)

7/27/2019 BIopesticides (Final)

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Pamela Aidee Mirn Zambrano Daniel Snchez Alatorre Edith Isabel Garca Llanes Emilio Gmez


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Biopesticides are certain types of pesticides derived from such natural materials asanimals, plants, bacteria, and certain minerals. For example, canola oil and bakingsoda have pesticidal applications and are considered biopesticides.

Biopesticides are key components

of integrated pest management (IPM)programmes, and are receiving much practicalattention as a means to reduce the load of synthetic chemical products being used tocontrol plant diseases.


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Types of Biopesticides: Bacterial: Biopesticides based on bacteria have been used to control plant diseases,nematodes, insects, and weeds. Bacteria are present in all soils and are the mostabundant micro-organisms in soil samples. Many spore forming and non-spore

forming bacteria are known to be effective against a wide spectrum of insects anddiseases.

Fungi: Different fungal biopesticides can be used to control plant diseases (caused byother fungi, bacteria or nematodes), as well as some insect pests and weeds. Fungiare a diverse group of organisms and can be found in almost every environment onEarth.


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Protozoa: Protozoa are single-celled eukaryotic organisms that exist in bothwater and soil. While most protozoa feed on bacteria and decaying organicmatter, a wide range of protozoan species are insect parasites.

Viruses: Microbial biopesticides known as baculoviruses are a family of naturally-occurring viruses known to infect only insects and some related

arthropods. Baculoviruses used as microbial biopesticides consist of DNAsurrounded by a protein coat (nucleocapsid), which is itself embedded in aprotein microcapsule or occlusion body (OB) that provides some protectionfrom degradation in the environment.

Yeast: A variety of yeasts have been investigated for their usefulness incontrolling plant diseases.


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Biopesticides have the same effect on crops conservation asmanufacturated pesticides.


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Biopesticides benefits: Crop Quality and Yield: Biopesticides are often included as standard inputs inproduction programs as a means to significantly improve quality and yield of cropsunder challenging conditions.

Beneficials: Biopesticides deliver significant value to each link in the productionchain, but that value begins with benefits derived by the grower. One key elementof that value proposition is that biopesticides target specific pests withoutdisrupting the beneficial components of an agro ecosystem.


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Labor and Harvest Flexibility: Agricultural managers list labor availability and thecoordinated timing of harvest as critical operational variables related to profitability.Many times these factors collide due to uncooperative seasonal weather.Biopesticides provide important management tools that provide increased control andflexibility at harvest.

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Compability : This optimizes the growers abilityto 1) successfully manage pests with a variety of effective control mechanisms; 2)manage pesticide resistance through rotation of these effective chemistries; and 3)minimize the environmental impact of the production system.


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Resistance Management: Biopesticides have long been used in combination withsynthetic chemistries to provide the basis for excellent control programs thateffectively manage resistance. Biopesticides typically have modes of action that areunique from synthetic pesticides and do not rely on a single target site for efficacy.

Environmental Safety: Biopesticides provide growers with valuable tools on bothfronts by delivering solutions that are highly effective in managing pests, withoutcreating negative impacts on the environment.

Residue Management: Most biopesticides are exempt from residue limits on freshand processed foods around the world. Whether used alone or in combination withreduced rates of traditional chemistries, biopesticide use reduces consumer exposureto regulated chemical residues.


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Biochemical pesticides include substances, such as insect sex pheromones, thatinterfere with mating, as well as various scented plant extracts that attract insect peststo traps. Because it is sometimes difficult to determine whether a substance meets thecriteria for classification as a biochemical pesticide, EPA has established a specialcommittee to make such decisions.

While biopesticides require less dataand are registered in less time thanconventional pesticides, EPA alwaysconducts rigorous reviews to ensure

that pesticides will not have adverseeffects on human health or theenvironment.

Biochemical pesticides are naturally occurringsubstances that control pests by non-toxicmechanisms. Conventional pesticides, bycontrast, are generally synthetic materials thatdirectly kill or inactivate the pest.


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Biopesticides Solutions: Insect Control: Biochemical pesticides are naturally occurring substances that controlpests by non-toxic mechanisms. Conventional pesticides, by contrast, are generally

synthetic materials that directly kill or inactivate the pest.

Disease Control: Biopesticides, key components of integrated pest management (IPM)programs, are receiving much practical attention as a means to reduce the load of synthetic chemical products being used to control plant diseases.


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Weed Control: The use of biopesticides for weed control presents a difficult challengedue to the physiological similarities between crop plants and weed species. In recentyears, however, scientists have identified several disease causing organisms thatspecifically and effectively attack key weed species including Canada thistle andnorthern jointvetch.

Nematode Control: With regulatory pressure to reduce or eliminate these fumigants,biopesticides have begun to emerge as alternative treatments to limit nematodedamage. As fumigant nematicides continue to be phased out, biopesticides will play anever-increasing role in control of these important pests.

Plant Physiology & Productivity: A diverse group of biochemical compounds known asplant growth regulators (PGRs) includes both natural and synthetic versions of naturalsubstances that affect plant physiology. PGRs are also used to improve crop toleranceto a variety of abiotic stresses such as temperature and drought, and for managingfruit maturity during and after harvest to maintain a high level of fruit quality.


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For this experiment we prove twobiopesticides and one chemicalpesticide effects on controllingpests.

Material: Soap, tobacco from 2 cigarettes,strainer, funnel, meter, a liter of boiling water, abowl to mix everything, spray.


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1. Put the tobacco in the bowl.2. Add the boiling water3. Wait until it cools.4. Spray the plant with it.

1. Put the soap in another bowl2. Add the boiling water3. Wait until it cools.4. Spray the plant with it.


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On the experiment we prove that both biopesticides are effective controlling pests,

so itll be more practically to change to biopesticides which are eco-friendly thanchemical pesticides that harm the environment. Both chemical and biopesticideskilled the pest but the chemical one do it immediately and the biopesticide take alittle while because as it is more friendly some pests still attack the plant.

We can see that our hypothesis was right and both types of pesticides have the same

effect, although chemicals effect is immediately it affects the environment and thebiopesticides effect is tardy it is more practically and more ecologist to use this type of pesticides.


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http://www.biopesticideindustryalliance.org/microbialyeast.php

http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/pais/research/biopesticides

http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/biopesticides/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biopesticide

http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/biopesticides/whatarebiopesticides.htm

biopesticides (final)

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