birth canal human babies are about the same size as the birth canal in fact, the human birth canal...
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Birth Canal
• Human babies are about the same size as the birth canal
• In fact, the human birth canal is twisted. This means that babies must twist as they make their egress: entering the birth canal sideways, the baby must rotate so its head is down, and then rotate again to allow its shoulders to pass.
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Reproduction - Human Afterbirth
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Pregnancy - Vaginal Birth
Labor and its 3 Stages1. Contraction & Dilation - cervix dilates 8-10 centimeters2. Delivery - breech birth means that the butt, knee, or foot enters the birth canal first.3. Afterbirth - the placenta is expelled with small amount of blood
Vaginal Birth-computer animatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xath6kOf0NE
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Pregnancy – C-Section
Cesarean Birth or C-section - an incision is made through the abdominal wall and uterus to remove the baby. This can be done 3-4 times if necessary
Cecilia Passed Out 2011 - Hello
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Pregnancy - Cesarean Section
1970 - 6%1980 - 17%1990 - 23%2005 - 30%Why?
A surgery that cuts the abdomen and uterus
Why have a C-section?1. Multiple birth pregnancy2. Large baby3. Breech4. Placenta is in the way - placental previa5. Baby is ill6. Mother is HIV positive7. Emergency and speed is needed8. Premature
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C-Section
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Reproduction - Placenta
serves as a lung, kidney, liver, endocrine gland, and digestive system for the developing fetus.
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Umbilical Chord
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Swaddle
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Pregnancy - Premature Birth - Anna
Birth Spacing
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Miscarriage & Still Birth
What is the difference?What causes it?
Miscarriage is the spontaneous loss of a fetus prior to 24 weeks. After that a loss is considered a still born child.
Causes:1. Nature decides - poor development / nourishment2. Ectopic Pregnancy3. Cervical problems - opens too soon
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Breast Feeding
Why breast feed?
How long should a woman breast feed her child?
Should woman breast feed in public places?
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Should a woman breast feed in public places
1. No state has a law against it but 42 states have laws protecting the mothers right to do it.
2. Woman have been removed from stores, planes, and restaurants - “nurse-ins”
3. 57% of public uncomfortable with breast feeding4. Breasts are considered sexual
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Breast Tissues
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Breast Feeding
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Breast Feeding1. Baby suckles and sensation travels
to mother’s brain
2. The brain signals the pituitary to release a hormone called oxytocin
3. Oxytocin enters blood stream and within 30 seconds causes secretion of milk in the breast
4. Each breast has 15-20 openings
5. Colostrum – high in protein & low in fat and sugar
6. Foremilk – watery7. Hindmilk – nutrient rich
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Why breast feed?
Benefits to baby:1. Bonding with mother2. Nutritionally best3. Provides improved health benefits - boosts immune
system – colostrum
Benefits to mothers:1. Bonding2. Speeds mother’s recovery3. Burns calories - up to 500 a day
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How Long should a child be breast fed?
1. Doctors recommendations suggest 6 months2. 70% of woman breast feed3. About 35% last six months4. Fewer than 17% last a year