M S . P E R E Z

BIRTHING AND BABY TESTS

BELL RINGER

• What will it be like to give birth to a child (or to have your wife give birth)? Do you want to do it all naturally? Do you want to be in a hospital? What are some of your concerns?

3 STAGES OF LABOR

1ST STAGE

• During the first stage, uterine contractions begin (left) and are usually spaced from 10 to 20 minutes apart.

• Initially the contractions are gentle, but they tend to become more powerful and sometimes uncomfortable.

• The cervix dilates with each contraction (right), and the baby’s head rotates to fit through the mother’s pelvis.

2ND STAGE

• The second stage of labor usually lasts about 90 minutes. • During this stage, the cervix opens sufficiently and the

baby begins to move down the birth canal. • The mother pushes, or bears down, in response to

pressure against her pelvic muscles. The crown of the baby’s head becomes visible in the widened birth canal.

BIRTH

• As the head emerges entirely (left) the physician turns the baby’s shoulders (right), which emerge one at a time with the next contractions.

• The rest of the body then slides out relatively easily, and the umbilical cord is sealed and cut.

3RD STAGE

• Following the exit of the infant, the third stage of labor occurs.

• The uterus continues to contract, expelling the severed umbilical cord and placenta, called the afterbirth.

• The third stage occurs within ten minutes of the baby’s birth.

C SECTION OR CESAREAN BIRTH

• Delivery or a baby by making surgical incisions in the mothers abdomen

• Why C-section? • Mother too small• Baby too big• Fetal distress• Mother or child cannot tolerate labor• STDs• Previous C-section

CREATE A BIRTHING TIME LINE WITH A PARTNER AT YOUR TABLE

• 1st stage• 2nd stage• Birth • 3rd stage

ANESTHESIA • Most women prefer some kind of anesthesia.• Natural (unmedicated) childbirth is becoming more popular

because the anesthesia can make the newborn baby less alert after birth.

• An epidural is given in the spinal sheath and numbs the patient from the waist down.

• A paracervical block, also known as a cervical block numbs the cervix.

• A pudendal block is given in the pudendal nerve and will numb the whole bottom and legs.

• The cervix must dilate to some degree before any anesthesia is given. For this reason, a mother needs to learn some breathing and relaxation techniques.

AFTER BIRTH

• APGAR Test • Given 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth• Babies are given a 0, 1, or 2 in 5 categories• Categories are

• Heart Rate• Respiratory effort• Muscle tone• Reflex irritability• Color

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT

• Reflexes • Rooting

• Turns head towards anything that brushing their face• Needed for survival

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z-I2duO_Aws

MORO REFLEX

• Startle reflex• Infant reacts by flinging arms and legs and

extending the head• Then the infant will pull arms together crying • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PhOleckx1-Y

PALMAR GRASP REFLEX

• When you touch an infants palm, they will grip your hand tightly

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cp7FEojjQU8

BABINSKI REFLEX

• Toes fan out when bottom of foot is touched • Stroke the sole of the foot from the outside of the

from the heel to toe, toes will fan out and curl as the foot twists in.

• Only lasts for the 1st year • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nqbaGL_hWTM

STEPPING OR WALKING

• Appears two-three months after birth• When babies are held so that feet are flat, babies

will start to put one foot in front of the other • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Gqs-CTOzuY

MOTOR DEVELOPMENT

• Crawling vs. Creeping

• Crawling=moving forward with belly on the floor pulling with arms and pushing with legs

• Creeping=moving on hands and knees with stomach up, in quadruped.

CREEPING OR CRAWLING?

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q45emu0O__4

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IeA0QnNFYvA

• Reflex and Motor charades

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gYSN-r71zUg

HEALTHY WEIGHT AND BIRTH DEFECTS PSA

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IMbmwk2neUE