biwug1303 - ha & dr
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high availability & disaster recovery for sharepointplanning & technology thomas vochten
13.03.2012
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about me
Thomas Vochten
@thomasvochtenthomasvochten.comlinkedin.com/in/thomasvochten
consultantplatform architectlousy developeraccidental dba
SharePoint
SQL Server
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#sphelp to the rescuehttps://twitter.com/search/%23sphelp
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setting the sceneha & dr overview
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high availability & disaster recoverycritical factor in any SharePoint deployment
however…
false expectations
fuzzy requirements
technicalmisconceptions
project failure
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high availabilityprotecting against component failures
• server hardware• operating system• service applications• application pools• custom development• …
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number of nines
3 days, 15 hours
• often an important part of a service level agreement (SLA)• usually only unplanned downtime
8 hours, 45 mins
52 mins, 34 secs5 mins, 15 secs
99%
99,9%
99,99%
99,999%
downtime per year
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disaster recoveryprotecting against catastrophes
• network outages• storage problems• power problems• loss of datacenters• …
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protect yourself
systems
components
dataoperations & procedures
build redundancy into the architecture
infrastructure
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the bigger pictureplanning for ha & dr
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it’s all about the business• involve all stakeholders when planning• don’t neglect the business impact• analyze data & systems• consider non-technical elements
business continuity planning
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key concepts of bcp• Risk assessment• Business Impact Analysis• Business Continuity Plan• Disaster Recovery Plan
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requirementsarchitecting a solution
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key parametersRecovery Time Objective (RTO)When will my system be available again?
Recovery Point Objective (RPO)How much data can I afford to lose?
Recovery Level Objective (RLO)To what level am I able to restore?
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time
RPO RTO
last backup at 20:00 full recovery at 12:00outage at 08:00
12h 4h
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reality check• What are acceptable RTO & RPO times?
• Is RTO and RPO 0 possible at all?• What about the costs?
time
RPO RTO
last backup at 07:55 full recovery at 08:15
outage at 08:00
5m 15m
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context is kingpitfalls when designing a SharePoint HA/DR solution
• enterprise infrastructure• technical skills• operational readiness• backup/restore• documentation• dependencies on other systems• 3d party tools• …
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additional considerationsestablish recovery targets
• What should be restored and what not?• What can be restored and what not?• Is some data more important than other?• How must the restored system behave?• Balance costs & risks when designing a solution
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the most crucial step• Test, test, test!
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technical solutionsSharePoint & SQL Server
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SharePoint optionshow can you make SharePoint highly available?
• adding servers for redundancy• splitting services across servers• using load balancing techniques• highly available SQL Server• virtualization
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load balancing SharePoint
APP2service instance
APP1service instance
WEB2IIS
WEB1IIS
Web Requests
Service Apps
WEBnIIS
APPnservice instance
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service applicationshow to distribute service applications throughout your farm?
SharePoint takes care of the load balancing for you
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important considerations• user profile synchronization service only on 1 server• search service application can be made fully
redundant now
what about disaster recovery?
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SharePoint disaster protectionwhat are your options?
rebuild
cold standby
warm standby
hot standby
stretched farm
virtualize
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keep it simple• recycle bin• unattached content database• native backup/restore
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rebuild farm
RTO
RPO
documentscript
• never simply dismiss this option• serious drawbacks however• backup/restore data• documentation is essential• script your install
?
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standby farms
cold standby
hotstandby
warmstandby
RTOhrs/days
RTOhrs/mins
RTOmins/secs RPO config!?
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warm / hot standby farms• completely separate farm• near identical configuration• same customizations• separate datastores• involves some kind of data
replication• replicating service app data has
its limits• manual failover & client
redirection
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service applicationsthese don’t support copying to another farm
configcentral admin bcs
search admin
search crawl
search property
user profile
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stretched farma special case…a lot of dependencies…some complexity involved…
major design constraints• network throughput• network latency• redundant access infrastructure• data replication
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SQL Server
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clusteringtwo flavors
• high availability• same datacenter• 2 or more nodes• shared storage• automatic failover• SharePoint is unaware
classic cluster
• high availability or disaster recovery• multiple datacenters• 2 or more nodes• no shared storage• automatic failover• SharePoint is unaware• data replication needed
geo cluster
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clustering summary
RPOdepends
RTO secs/mins
RLOfarm
how does it satisfy requirements?
failoverauto
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mirroring
essentials• high availability scenarios• no shared storage• SharePoint is aware !
nice to know• full recovery model• configured per database• only one secondary possible• secondary cannot be accessed• automatic failover possible• network constraints• sync or async• RBS (SQL filestream) not supported
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native mirroring support
PowerShell
$db = Get-SPDatabase [UglyGuidGoesHere]
$db.AddFailoverServiceInstance(“servername”)
$db.Update()
User Interface
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mirroring summarysynchronous mirroring
asynchronous mirroring
RPO0
RTOsecs
RLOdepends
RPOseconds
RTOmins
RLOdepends
failoverauto
failovermanual
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log shipping
essentials• disaster recovery scenarios• no shared storage• backup/restore based
nice to know• full recovery model• configured per database• multiple secondary's possible• secondary can be read from• no automatic failover possible• rpo will generally not be 0
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log shipping summaryhow does it satisfy requirements?
RPOmins
RTOmins/hrs
RLOdepends
failovermanual
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SQL 2012 Availability Group
essentials• clustering & mirroring evolved• at the instance level• no shared storage• for ha & dr• simple configuration
nice to know• automatic failover across single or multiple datacenters• multiple databases fail over together• no need for aliases or AddFailoverServiceInstance in SharePoint• multiple (readable) secondaries possible• full recovery model• RBS support
the newest kid on the block
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SQL 2012 Availability Group
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SQL 2012 Availability Group summaryhow does it satisfy requirements?
RPO0
RTOsecs
RLOfarm
failoverauto HA & DR
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Putting it all together
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single farm / one datacenter• multiple web servers with load balancing• multiple application servers• clustering or mirroring for ha or dr• consider SQL 2012 availability groups!
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single farm / two datacenters• fully redundant network infrastructure• <1ms latency between datacenters• load balancing across datacenters• multiple web servers• multiple application servers• mirroring or geo cluster with data replication for ha &
dr• consider SQL 2012 availability groups!
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two farms / two datacenters• fully redundant network infrastructure• log shipping between data centers for dr• manual failover• manual client redirect (network routing, dns)• sometimes DR farm is read-only• warm / hot standby• consider SQL 2012 availability groups!