blackboard geography
TRANSCRIPT
THE TEACHING AIDS SERIES 8
BLACKBOARD DRAWINGFOR GEOGRAPHY
J. STEWART CRICHTON, D.A.Lecturer in Art, Jordanhill Training College, Glasgow
AND
GORDON RAE, M.A.Principol Lecturer in Geogrophy,
Jordanhill Training College, Glosgow
THOMAS NELSON AND SONS LIMITEDLondon Edinburgh Paris Melbourne Johannesburg Toronto and New york
THOMAS NELSON AND SONS LTDParkside'Works Edinburgh 9
36 Park Street London'Wr3rz Flinders Street Melbourne Cr
3o2-3o4 Barclays Bank BuildingCommissioner and Kruis Streets
Johannesburg
Tnou.rs NELsoN AND SoNs (Celraoa) Lro9r-4l3 Wellington Street'West Toronto r
Tnorvres Nslsow AND SoNs19 East 47th Stteet New York r7
Socrirr6 Fn.llgarss o'fornows NrrsoN97 rue Monge Paris 5
First published ry58Seeonil Impression tg6o
FOREWORDThe purpose of this book is to illustrate the uses to which the blackboard can be put inthe teaching ofgeography and to encourage teachers to develop their own technique o{
presenting the subject.
Of all classroom aids, the blackboard is the most common and the most readilyavailable. fts contribution to the geography lesson can hardly be exaggerated, for thesubject-matter of geography is so well suited to blackboard illustration. fn general, theblackboard may serve its purpose in one or other of the following ways :
r Representation of an extempore sketch-map in completed or partly completedform, or built up entirely in front of the class.
z summary of essential points made during the lesson or in revision.
3 Graphic illustration of geographical terms or vocabulary.
4 Spontaneous drawing of items of immediate interest.
5 Sketch or series of sketches illustrating a point or theme.
6 Well-executed explanatory diagram in completed form.
All such blackboard work, as exemplified in these pages, may help to arouse orsatisfy the interest and curiosity of a class, to hold their attention and to increase theirunderstanding of the subject.
The topics presented are not so much a textbook of subject-matter as a guide to thegreat variety of illustrations which are possible in teaching geography. As well as
making use of these, teachers may find some satisfaction in working out blackboardexamples for themselves and in developing their own blackboard technique. Thenumber of items shown on each page has made it impossible to reproduce the variousillustrations in scale.
J. S. C.
G. R.
Observational Geography
Wind
Day and Night
Rainfall
Simple Landforms
Lancashire
The Midlands of England
The Woollen Industry
Glasgow and the River Clyde
East Anglia
Northern Ireland
Fishing
Shipbuilding
Coal-mining
Topic Maps
Topic Sketches
CONTENTS
6
oo
9
ro, I I
12, 13
T4, 15
r6
t7
rB
rB
r9
20
2I
oo
23
Norway 24,25
Canada 26,27
India zB, zg
Australia 30, 3I
Egypt and the River Nile Z2, ZB
The Suez Canal g4
The Story of Rubber 35
The Story of Cocoa 96, g7
The Story of Oil 38, 39
World Products 40
Transport Types 4r
House Types 42
Animals in the service of man 4Z
Antarctica 44, 4b
Latitude and Longitude 46
Building up scenes 47
POINTS TO NOTE
WritingBlock or script letters are best for geography illustrations. They are more easily executedand in a big clear form they are legible from the rnore distant parts of the .l.rrroo*.In developing your lettering technique do not use exaggerated loops or any ornate style.
Blackboards
for gggsranhical purposes the squared or lined blackboard is not very satisfactory. Afixed blackboard is commonly used ; .so is the green roller board. White chalk is good,but yellow, especially on a green surface, is ahollear. Coloured chalks are indispensablebut frequently, in certain lights, blue is not very distinct-dipped in water it'can bemade more bold.
Sketch-mapsMake the map outlines clear and bold. It is not possible or desirable to show a coastlinein great detail. The sketch-map is a pricis- of important information ; therefore, onlythe,s'alient points in the lesson must 6e picked out for representation on it. A frameenclosing a blackboard map gives it a finiihed and compact look. Try out various waysof showing items before committing_yourself to any 6ne method, ..g. to*rrs may beshown by a bold white or red circle O, and capital cities by a promi.re"nt square El
The blackboard map completely prepared beforehand'r"r'J., a useful purpose, butthe map which is built up before the c.lass, item by item, is very much tnot. *-thwhile.As a model to pupils a good blackboard sketch-map technique is essential.
EnlargementsThe illustrations in this book may be reproduced in an enlarged and more permanentform in two ways :
I By the guideJine enlargementas shown here :
By means.of an epidiascope. Place the illustration in the epidiascope ; projecti! :l . piece of paper, copy the details and complete in
^brack oi ir,
"o16rrr.with the aid of an epidiasclpe, a permanent outrine-map in white paint(e.g. the home county ; the British rsles) may be reproduied. on a sectionof the blackboard or on the linen back of a disused wall-map which hasbeen first well-coated with blackboard paint.
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