Blood

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Functions of blood

• Transportation of gases, nutrients, and waste products

• Transport of processed molecules

• Transport of regulatory molecules

• Regulation of ph and osmosis

• Maintenance of body temperature

• Protection against foreign substances

• Clot formation

Composition of blood

• Blood is a type of connective tissue that consists of cells and cell fragments surrounded by a liquid matrix.

• The total blood volume in the more average adult is about 4-5 liters (L) in females and 5-6 liters (L) in males.

Production of Elements

• The process of blood cell production is called hematopoiesis.

• All of the elements of the blood are derived from a single population of cells called stem cells.

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Red Blood Cells

• Normal red blood cells are disk-shaped cells with edges that are thicker than the center of the cell

• The greater surface area makes it easier for gases to move into or out of the red blood cell.

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Function of Red Blood Cells

• The primary function of red blood cells are to transport oxygen from the lungs to various tissues of the body and to assist in the transportation of carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs

• It changes with the formula (CO2+H2O changes into H+HCO3

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White Blood Cells

• White blood cells or leukocytes are spherical cells that are whitish in color because they lack hemoglobin.

• White blood cells move by ameboid movement.

The 3 Types of White Blood Cells

• Basophils the least common of all the white blood cells, contains large cytoplasmic granules.

• Eosinophils contain cytoplasmic granules.

• Lymphocytes are the smallest of the white blood cells.

• Monocytes are the largest of the white blood cells.