Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure or tension exerted on the arterial walls as blood

pulsates through them.

Is a pressure exerted on the arteries during the

contraction phase of the heartbeat.

SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE (SBP)

Is the resting pressure on the arteries as the heart relaxes

between contractions.

DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE (DBP)

PURPOSES OF TAKING B/P

• To obtain baseline data for subsequent evaluation.

• To determine haemodynamic status ( e.g. cardiac output ).

• To identify and monitor changes in blood pressure resulting from disease process or medical therapy ( e.g. rapid infusion or pain ).

AGE

EXERCISE

STRESS

RACE

GENETIC

FOOD

OBESE

SMOKING

ALCOHOL

DISEASE

– Brachial – taken on the upper arm; most common site.

– Radial – taken on the lower arm; possible site for infants or clients who have very large upper arms.

– Popliteal – taken on the thigh.– Dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial –

taken on the lower leg.

CONDITION OF B/P CANNOT BE TAKEN

• Shoulder, arm or hand injured.• A cast or bulky bandage on the limb.• Had surgical removal of axillary gland

or lymph nodes.• Has intravenous infusion in that limb.• Has arteriovenous fistula ( AVF ) in that

limb.

SPHYGMOMANOMETER

ANEROID

ELECTRONIC / DIGITAL

SPHYGMOMANOMETER

STETHOSCOPE

ALCOHOL SWABS

RECEIVER

GENERAL WASTE BIN

CLINICAL WASTE BIN

PRE PROCEDURE• Greet and explain procedure to the patient

PRE PROCEDURE• Provide privacy and perform hand hygiene

PRE PROCEDURE• Position patient in comfortable sitting or

lying down

PRE PROCEDURE• Exposed arm

PROCEDURE• Ensure there is no air trapping in the cuff

PROCEDURE• Place the NIBP monitor near to patient

PROCEDURE• Place cuff 2.5 cm above antecubital space

PROCEDURE• Press ‘START’ button

PROCEDURE• Read the reading and inform the findings to

patient

POST PROCEDURE• Perform hand hygiene

POST PROCEDURE• Inform SRN or doctor abnormal result

POST PROCEDURE• Document reading

PRE PROCEDURE• Greet and explain procedure to the patient

PRE PROCEDURE• Provide privacy and perform hand hygiene

PRE PROCEDURE• Position patient in comfortable sitting or

lying down

PRE PROCEDURE• Exposed arm

PROCEDURE• Ensure there is no air trapping in the cuff

PROCEDURE• Place the manometer at the heart level

PROCEDURE• Wrap the cuff 2.5 cm above the antecubital

area

PROCEDURE• Wrap the cuff evenly & firmly around upper

arm

PROCEDURE• Ensure manometer is positioned straight & at

eye level

PROCEDURE• Palpate radial pulse & pump until no pulse is

felt to estimate PRELIMINARY systolic pressure

PRELIMINARY SYSTOLIC BP READING

PROCEDURE• Deflate the cuff fully

PROCEDURE• Clean stethoscope earpieces & diaphragm,

place earpieces into ears & ensure sound are clear & not muffled

PROCEDURE• Place diaphragm over the brachial pulse

PROCEDURE• Pump cuff 20-30mmHg above previous

preliminary systolic readings

PROCEDURE• Slowly deflate cuff & listen to both systolic &

diastolic reading

POST PROCEDURE• Perform hand hygiene

POST PROCEDURE• Inform SRN or doctor abnormal result

POST PROCEDURE• Document reading

HYPERTENSION• A BLOOD PRESSURE

PERSISTENTLY ABOVE NORMAL RANGE.• B/P > 140/90 mmHg.

HYPOTENSION

• BLOOD PRESSURE BELOW NORMAL RANGE CONSISTENTLY.• B/P < 90/60mmHg.

A drop in blood pressure may indicate:

– Loss of blood– Loss of vascular tone– Cardiac pumping problem