Blood VesselsBlood VesselsArteryArteryarteriolearteriolecapillarycapillaryvenulevenuleveinveinheartheartarteryartery

►

Pulmonary vs systemic circuitry

Blood Pressure-Blood Pressure-force of blood pushing against vesselsforce of blood pushing against vessels

► Systolic (top #)-force Systolic (top #)-force of ventricle of ventricle contractioncontraction

► Diastolic (bottom #)-Diastolic (bottom #)-heart relaxed, shows heart relaxed, shows resistance of vesselsresistance of vessels

► Factors affecting BP:Factors affecting BP: Cardiac outputCardiac output Nerves & hormonesNerves & hormones Diameter of vesselsDiameter of vessels Blood viscosity/volumeBlood viscosity/volume Age, weight, lifestyle, Age, weight, lifestyle,

geneticsgenetics

Heart DiseaseHeart Diseaseleading cause of death in the US for both leading cause of death in the US for both

sexessexes► Coronary artery disease-Coronary artery disease-

blockages in vessels feeding blockages in vessels feeding the heart cut off oxygen the heart cut off oxygen supplysupply

► Death of heart cells=heart Death of heart cells=heart attack(myocardial infarction), attack(myocardial infarction), death of brain cells = strokedeath of brain cells = stroke

► Thrombus=blood clot, Thrombus=blood clot, embolus=traveling blood clot-embolus=traveling blood clot-may lodge in smaller arteriesmay lodge in smaller arteries

► Arteriosclerosis-Arteriosclerosis- Build up of plaque in Build up of plaque in

arteriesarteries Plaque may consist ofPlaque may consist of

fatty substances, fatty substances, cholesterol, cellular waste cholesterol, cellular waste products, calcium and products, calcium and fibrin fibrin

Atherosclerosis-in larger Atherosclerosis-in larger arteriesarteries

► LDL=low density LDL=low density lipoproteins-promote lipoproteins-promote arteriosclerosisarteriosclerosis

► HDL=high density HDL=high density lipoproteins-lessen lipoproteins-lessen arteriosclerosisarteriosclerosis

Blood-CompositionBlood-Composition

Vesicles break off From megakaryocytes

Lose nucleusShort-lived

Natural killer cells

Hematopoiesis-in bone marrowHematopoiesis-in bone marrow