bls_1271_1960.pdf

Union Wages and Hours: Printing Industry

July I, 1959

and

Trend 1907-59

Bulletin No. 1271UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

James P. Mitchell, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Claque, Commissioner

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Union Wages and Hours: Printing Industry

July 1, 1959

and

Trend 1907-59

Bulletin No. 1271April I960

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Claque, Commissioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. Price 35 cents


Preface

The Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts annual surveys of wage rates and scheduled hours of work for specified crafts or jobs as provided in labor-management agreements in four industries: Building construction, printing, local transit, and local trucking. The studies present the wage rates in effect as of July 1 of each year as r e ported to the Bureau by the appropriate local labor organizations in each of the cities.

Information on the union scales and hours p re vailing in each city is available in August of each year upon request to the Bureau*s regional offices. A nationwide summary report of rates in the printing trades was issued in January I960. This bulletin provides additional data and indexes of the trend of wages and hours for the period 1907-59. It was prepared in the Bureau*s Division of Wages and Industrial Relations by Thomas C. Mobley under the direction of John F. Laciskey.

iii


Contents

Page

Summary ____________________________________________________________________ ______________ 1Scope and method of study ______________________________________________________________ 1Trend and scale changes ________________________________________ ________________ _2Rate variations by type of w o r k -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2City and regional v a riation s--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

Health, insurance, and pension plans ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4Union scales by city and t r a d e ______________________________________________ ____________ 5

T ables:

1. Indexes of union hourly wage scales in the printingtrades, 190759 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6

2. Indexes of union hourly wage scales in each printingtrade, 1907-59 ________________________________________________________________ 7

3. Percent changes in union wage rates and percent of union printingtrades w orkers affected, July 1, 1958July 1, 1959 ___________________ 9

4. C en ts-p er-hou r increases in union wage rates and percent ofunion printing trades w orkers affected,July 1, 1958July 1, 1959 ___________________________________________________ 9

5. A verage union hourly wage rates in the printing trades,July 1, 1959, and in creases in rates, July 1, 1958July 1, 1959 ----- 10

6. Increases in union wage rates in the printing trades by city,region, and industry branch, July 1, 1958July 1, 1959 _____________ 11

7. Distribution of union m em b ers in the printing trades by hourlywage rates and by trade, July 1, 1959 ____________________________________ 12

8. A verage union hourly wage rates in the printing trades by cityand population group, July 1, 1959 _______________________________________ 13

9. A verage union hourly wage rates in the printing trades byregion and by trade, July 1, 1959 _________________________________________ 14

10. Distribution of union m em b ers in the printing trades bystraight-tim e weekly hours, July 1, 1959 ________________________________ 14

11. Indexes of union weekly hours in the printing trades, 190759 ------------ 15

12. Indexes of union weekly hours in each printing trade, 190759 ___ 16

13. Union scales of wages and hours in the printing trades in53 cities, July 1, 1958, and July 1, 1959 _______________________________ 18

v


Union W ages and Hours in the Printing Industry, July 1, 1959

Summary

Pay sca les for organized printing trades w orkers in cities of 100, 000 or m ore population continued their upward trend between July 1, 1958, and July 1, 1959. Averagehourly scales rose 10 cents, or 3. 3 percent, according to the 53d annual survey of union pay scales in the printing industry by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Labor-m anagem ent contract provisions that becam e effective during the year ending July 1, 1959, raised the pay sca les for 90 p e r cent of the w orkers included in the survey. The advance in hourly scales ranged from 8 to 10 cents for slightly m ore than a fourth of the w orkers, from 10 to 12 cents for a lm ost the same proportion, and amounted to 12 cents or m ore for another fourth. 1

As a result of these widespread rate revisions, union hourly wage sca les on July 1, 1959, averaged $3. 12 for all printing trades studied $2 .96 for book and job shops, and $3. 40 for newspaper plants. Nearly half of the w orkers included in the study had negotiated rates ranging from $3 to $3. 50 an hour, and approxim ately a fourth had rates of $3. 50 or m ore.

The average hourly day-sh ift scale for newspaper work was 11 percent above that for book and job work. Scales for nightwork on newspapers w ere, on the average, 7 percent higher than for daywork $3. 51 com pared with $3. 29.

The straight-tim e workweek for w orkers in the printing trades declined slightly during the year and averaged 36. 7 hours on July 1, 1959. The m ost com m on workweek, 37V2 hours, was applicable to 45 percent of the w orkers. Workweeks of 3 6 V4 hours were specified in labor-m anagem ent agreem ents for 33 percent of the printing craftsm en. Schedules of 35 hours w ere in effect for 16 percent of the w orkers studied.

1 For ease of reading, in this and subsequent discussions of tabulations, the lim its of the c lass intervals are designated as 8 to 10 cents, 3 to 5 percent, etc. , instead of using the m ore p rec ise term inology 8 and under 10 cents* 3 and under 5 percent* etc.

Health and w elfare program s provided by negotiated agreem ents covered seven- tenths of the printing tradesm en. Pension plan provisions w ere reported for slightly m ore than four-tenths of the w orkers in cluded in the study.

Scope and Method of Study

Union scales are defined as the m inimum wage scales or maximum schedules of hours agreed upon through co llective b a r gaining between trade unions and em ployers. Rates in excess of the negotiated minimum, which may be paid for special qualifications or other reasons, are not included.

The inform ation presented in this r e port was based on union sca les in effect on July 1, 1959, and covered approxim ately115,000 printing trades w orkers in 53 cities with populations of 100, 000 or m ore. Data w ere obtained prim arily from loca l union o fficia ls by m ail questionnaire; in some instances, representatives of the Bureau of Labor Statistics visited loca l union o fficia ls to obtain the desired inform ation.

The current survey was designed to re flect union wage sca les in the printing industry in all cities of 100,000 or m ore population. All cities with 500,000 or m ore population w ere included, as w ere m ost cities in the 250,000 to 500,000 population group. The cities in the 100,000 to 250,000 group selected for study w ere distributed widely throughout the United States. Data for som e of the cities included in the study in the two sm aller size groups w ere weighted to com pensate for cities which w ere not surveyed. In order to p ro vide appropriate representation in the com bination of data, each geographic region and population group was considered separately when city weights w ere assigned.

Average hourly sca les, designed to show current levels, are based on all sca les r e ported in effect on July 1, 1959. Individual scales w ere weighted by the number of union m em bers having each rate. These averages are not designed for p rec ise y ea r -to -y ea r com parisons because of fluctuations in m em bership and in job c lassifications studied. Average cen ts-per-h ou r and percent changes from July 1, 1958, to July 1, 1959, arebased on com parable quotations for the various occupational classifications in both periods


2weighted by the m em bership reported for the current survey. The index series, designed for trend purposes, is sim ilarly constructed.

Trend and Scale Changes

Union scale changes which becam e e ffective between July 1, 1958, and July 1,1959, as provided in labor-m anagem ent con tracts, raised the average hourly scale for printing trades w orkers 3. 3 percent. This gain, which approximated the increase re g is tered in each of the two preceding 12-month periods, advanced the Bureau's index of union hourly scales (January 2, 1948July 1, 1949*100) to 148. 3 (table 1). This upward m ovement reflected gains of 3. 5 percent in book and job shops and 3 percent in newspaper establishments (table 5), raising the index for these branches of the industry to 149. 8 and 145. 0 respectively.

Among the individual trades, gains in average hourly scales varied in book and job shops from 21. 7 percent for machine tenders to 4. 8 percent for bindery women and in newspaper plants, from 2. 7 for pressm en - in -charge and stereotypers to 3. 8 for m ailers (table 5). Regionally, the rate o f advance differed m ore strikingly for both types of printing. It varied from 2. 2 percent in the Southwest to 6. 6 percent in the P acific region for book and job work, and from 1. 7 percent in New England to 4. 1 percent in the P acific region for newspaper work (table 6).

In term s of cents per hour, average hourly sca les increased 10 cents for both com m ercia l and newspaper printing. For individual trades, however, average hourly scale advances varied from 8. 2 cents for bindery women to 12.8 cents for bookbinders in book and job shops, and from 9 cents for stereo typers to 11.5 cents for m ailers in new spaper plants. On a regional basis, advances in average hourly sca les showed a wider v a r iation for book and job work than for new spaper work. They varied from 5. 5 cents in the Southwest to 20 cents in the P acific region for book and job shops, and from 5. 5 cents in New England to 13. 8 cents in the P acific region in newspaper plants.

Many of the contracts in effect on July 1, 1959, had been negotiated for 2 years a few w ere for longer periods. Contracts of m ore than a y ea r 's duration frequently provided for wage reopenings or contained provisions for periodic in creases. Even though individual contracts provided for increases at various specified dates, only those sca les that actually becam e effective between July 1, 1958, and

July 1, 1959, w ere included in the current study. Some of these scale revisions w ere provided for in contracts which becam e e ffective before July 1, 1958. A number ofagreem ents negotiated during the year ending July 1, 1959, contain provisions for rate increases after that date. Thus, the scale r e v isions presented herein do not re fle ct the total wage scale changes negotiated in individual contracts during the survey year.

Hourly wage sca les w ere adjusted upward between July 1, 1958, and July 1, 1959, for 88 percent of the union printing tradesm en in book and job shops and for 92 percent of those in newspaper plants. Increased rates w ere reported for at least tw o-thirds of the w orkers in each of the 20 trades studied. In 13 trades, nine-tenths or m ore of the w orkers had their hourly scale advanced by con tract provisions.

Increases in hourly sca les during the year ending July 1, 1959, ranged from 8 to12 cents for half of the printing trades w orkers and amounted to 12 or m ore cents for a fourth. In book and job shops, 22 percent of the w orkers advanced their hourly scales 8 to 10 cents; 20 percent, 10 to 12 cents; and 31 percent, 12 cents or m ore. For new spaper w orkers, the com parable percentages were 35, 31, and 16, respectively . A sixth of the w orkers in book and job shops and a tenth of those in newspaper plants had ra ises of less than 8 cents an hour (table 4).

The ra ises in hourly sca les re p re sented gains of 3 to 5 percent for slightly m ore than half of the printing tradesm en in com m ercia l shops and for three-fifths of those in newspaper establishm ents. Scales rose at least 5 percent for slightly m ore than a fourth of the book and job w orkers and for an eighth of the newspaper w orkers, r e spectively (table 3).

Rate Variations by Type o f Work

C om m ercial printshops produce many different items in varying quantities; new spaper establishm ents, on the other hand, are geared to m ass production of a single, r e curring item at regular intervals. Because of these variations, the com position of the labor fo rce d iffers m aterially in each type of printing establishment. A substantial p ro portion of the labor fo rce in com m ercia l shops is com prised of bindery women, m a ilers, and p ress assistants and feeders, who typically perform routine and less skilled


3tasks; in newspaper printing, however, jo u r neymen are required in greater proportions to m eet daily demands. These different w orkfo rce requirem ents are reflected in the average rates, which take into account the number of printing trades w orkers at the various rates of pay in each type of establishment.

Hourly sca les of unionized w orkers in the printing trades, on July 1, 1959, averaged $2. 96 for com m ercia l shops and $3. 40 for newspaper plants. Average rates for night- shift w orkers on newspapers w ere 22 cents higher than for day-shift w orkers $3. 51 com pared with $3. 29 (table 7). Because r e l atively few w orkers are em ployed on night- w ork in book and job shops, inform ation for such w orkers was excluded from the survey.

Although daywork scales averaged higher in newspaper plants than in book and job shops, there was no consistent pattern of rate differentials among occupational c la ss ifica tions com m on to both types of printing. Scales for hand com positors on daywork averaged 8 cents m ore in newspaper establishments than in book and job shops. Stereotypers and photoengravers on book and job work, however, averaged 31 and 18 cents, respectively, above dayworkers in these crafts in new spaper plants.

Union hourly rates in effect on July 1, 1959, varied widely in labor-m anagem ent agreem ents applicable to printing trades w ork ers in the cities surveyed. In com m ercia l shops, hourly sca les ranged from $ 1 .34 for som e platen p ress assistants and feeders in Memphis to $4. 54 for a firs t pressm en on 4 -co lo r p resses in Boston. Hourly wage rates of from $3 to $3. 50 w ere specified for slightly m ore than tw o-fifths of the printing trades w orkers in book and job shops. Scales of $3. 50 or m ore w ere indicated for a sixth of the w orkers and of $2. 50 to $3 for a fifth. Negotiated rates of less than $2. 50 applied to a little m ore than a fifth of the w orkers; included in this group w ere all of the bindery women, a third of the m ailers, and a fifth of the press assistants and feed ers. Among bindery women, 45 percent had scales of $1 .60 to $1 .80 and 28 percent had rates of $1 .80 to $2 an hour; rates of $2 or m ore an hour w ere in effect for 12 percent. Scales varied from $3. 50 to $4 for three- fifths of the stereotypers, about half of the electrotypers and a third of the photoengravers. Tw o-fifths of the w orkers in the la st- named cra ft had sca les of at least $4 an hour (table 7).

In newspaper establishments, hourly sca les varied from $2. 33 for day-shift m a ilers in Little Rock to $4. 6 5 V2 for night-shift stereotypers on German and Polish language newspapers in Chicago. Hourly wage scales of $3 to $3. 50 w ere specified for 67 percent of the dayworkers and for 46 percent of the nightworkers. Rates of less than $3 applied to 13 percent o f the w orkers on the day shift and 4 percent of those on the night shift, and of $3. 50 to $4 to 21 and 46 percent of the day- and night-shift w orkers, respectively. Scales of at least $3. 50 an hour w ere r e corded for som e w orkers in each of the new spaper printing trades; four-fifths of the photo - engravers and pressm en -in -ch arge had such scales. None of the w orkers in these two trades had scales of less than $3 an hour.

Among the 12 trades studied in book and job printshops, average hourly sca les, except for bindery women ($ 1 .7 9 ), varied from $2. 66 for p ress assistants and feeders to $3 .82 for photoengravers. Seven other crafts a lso had scales averaging m ore than $3 an hour. In newspaper establishm ents, the lowest average ($ 3 .1 1 ) was reg istered by m ailers and the highest ($ 3 .7 4 ) by photoengravers and p ressm en -in -ch arge. A verage sca les for other newspaper printing trades w ere c lose ly grouped $3. 37 to $3. 45 an hour.

Scales for nightwork in newspaper e s tablishments were, on the average, 22 cents, or 7 percent, above those for daywork. Among individual trades, the differential for night- shift work varied from 19 cents for hand com positors to 32 cents for p ressm en -in -ch arge. In percentage term s, the differential varied from 5 percent to 9 percent.

City and Regional Variations

Hourly wage rates w ere adjusted upward between July 1, 1958, and July 1, 1959, for som e printing trades w orkers in each of the 53 cities studied. In Charlotte, however, no sca les w ere reported for com m ercia l work. The increases in averago hourly sca les for book and job shop work varied from 6 to 8 cents in 16 cities , from 8 to 10 cents in another 16 cities, and from 10 to 12 cents in 8 cities . Advances of 12 or m ore cents w ere recorded in 8 cities . For newspaper work, average sca les increased 6 to 8 cents in 10 cities , 8 to 10 cents in 17 cities , and 10 to 12 cents in 12 cities . The advance was 12 or m ore cents in 9 cities . In p e r centage term s, the increases represented gains of 2 to 3 percent for book and job printing in three-eighths of the cities ayrfd for


4newspaper printing in about half of the cities and 3 to 4 percent for both types of printing in about a third of the cities (table 6).

The city and regional averages p r e sented in tables 8 and 9 w ere designed to show current levels of rates; they do not m easure d ifferences in union sca les among areas. Scales for individual crafts, of course, varied from city to city. The city and r e gional averages, however, w ere influenced not only by d ifferences in rates among cities and regions, but a lso by d ifferences in the proportion of organized w orkers in the v a r ious crafts. Thus, a particular craft or c la s sification may not be organized in som e areas or may be organized less intensively in some areas than in others; and, also, certain types of work w ere found in som e areas but not in others, or to a greater extent in som e areas than in others. These d ifferences w ere r e flected in the weighting of individual rates by the number of union m em bers at the rate. Hence, even though rates for a ll individual crafts in two areas may be identical, the average for a ll crafts com bined in each area may differ.

When the 53 cities included in the su rvey w ere grouped according to population size, average union hourly rates for com m ercia l shops ranged from $3.15 in the group of cities with 1, 000, 000 or m ore population to $2. 75 in those cities of 100, 000250, 000 (the sm allest size group studied). The av erages for these size groups in newspaper establishm ents w ere $3. 58 and $3. 18 an hour, respectively . For the two intermediate size groups (250,000 to 500,000 and 500,000 to 1, 000, 000), the averages approximated each other in both types of printing establishm ents $2 .88 and $2 .87 for com m ercia l work and $3. 36 and $3.39 for newspaper work (table 8).

There was an overlapping of average sca les among cities in the different size population groups for each type of printing. For example, the average scale for Seattle in the 250, 000500, 000 population group exceeded that of any city in the larger size groups for newspaper printing and all but two cities in these groups for com m ercia l work.

Regionally, union hourly sca les for a ll printing trades w orkers com bined averaged highest ($3 . 34) on the P acific Coast and low est ($ 2 .9 1 ) in the Southeast. The heavily populated and industrialized Middle Atlantic and Great Lakes regions w ere the only r e gions other than the P acific where levels ex ceeded the national average of $3.12 (table 9). In book and job shops, average sca les varied

from $2. 57 in the Southwest to $3. 24 in the P acific region. For newspaper establish ments, the highest ($ 3 .5 1 ) and the lowest ($ 3 .0 4 ) averages w ere in the P acific and Southeast regions, respectively .

Standard Workweek

The straight-tim e workweek decreased slightly during the year for printing trades w orkers in cities of 100, 000 or m ore population. Standard weekly work schedules a v eraged 36. 7 hours on July 1, 1959, com pared with 36.8 hours on July 1, 1958. D ay-shift w orkers had contractual schedules averaging 36.8 hours in com m ercia l shops and 36.9 hours in newspaper establishm ents; n ight-shift w orkers on newspapers had an average schedule of 36. 1 hours (table 10).

The predominant straight-tim e w ork week, although less prevalent than a year previously, was 37Va hours. This schedule was stipulated in labor-m anagem ent contracts for 43 percent of the printing craftsm en in com m ercia l shops and for 48 percent of those in newspaper establishm ents. A 36V4 hour workweek prevailed for 36 and 28 percent of the printing trades w orkers in book and job shops and in newspaper establishm ents, r e spectively; a 35 hour week applied to 16 p er cent of the w orkers in both types of establishm ents. Labor-m anagem ent agreem ents stipulating weekly schedules of m ore than 3772 hours affected about 5 percent of the com m ercia l shop w orkers and practica lly none in newspapers. Work schedules of fewer than 35 hours w ere virtually nonexistent in book and job shops but w ere in effect for 6 percent of the newspaper printing w orkers.

In newspaper plants, contracts generally specified a shorter workweek for nightwork than daywork. Weekly schedules of 35 hours or less w ere in effect for a third o f the night- w orkers and for a ninth of the dayw orkers; 3 6 V4 hour schedules applied to a third and nearly a fourth of those on night and day shifts, respectively . Standard workweeks of 3 7 V2 hours w ere m ore com m on for daywork than for nightwork, the com parable p rop ortions w ere 64 and 32 percent.

Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans

Negotiated health, insurance, and pension program s in the printing industry have increased in recent years, although less


5rapidly than in som e other in d u stries .2 The rate of development has undoubtedly been in fluenced by program s operated by a number of printing trades unions for many years, which provide m em bers with one or m ore types of benefits.

Labor-m anagem ent agreem ents containing provisions for health and insurance plans affected substantially m ore unionized printing trades w orkers than did those providing fo r pension program sseven-tenths com pared with slightly m ore than four-tenths. Theproportion of w orkers covered by provisions

2 The prevalence of negotiated health, in surance, and pension program s in the printing industry was firs t studied by the Bureau as of July 1, 1954. Information gathered on these plans was restricted to those financed entirely or in part by the em ployer. Plans financed by w orkers through union dues or assessm ents w ere excluded. No attempt was made to secure inform ation on the kind and extent of benefits provided or on the cost of plans providing such benefits.

fo r each of these plans increased slightly during the year. Health and insurance plans w ere applicable to three-fourths of com m ercia l shopworkers and five-eighths of those on newspapers. Pension plan provisions a ffected slightly m ore than tw o-fifths of the w orkers in each type establishment.

Of the w orkers provided health and insurance protection, approxim ately 90 percent w ere covered by plans financed entirely by the em ployers. Such plans w ere incorporated in agreem ents applicable to 92 and 81 p e r cent of the protected w orkers in com m ercia l and newspaper establishm ents, respectively. Em ployer-financed pension plans prevailed for 74 percent of the printing trades workers covered by negotiated agreem ents providing for such plans 77 percent in book and job shops, and 68 percent in newspapers.

Union Scales by City and Trade

Union scales of wages and hours in e ffect on July 1, 1958, and July 1, 1959, forthe individual trades in each of the 53 cities included in the study are shown in table 13.


6TABLE 1. Indexes1 o f union hourly wage scales in the printing trades, 1907-59

(January 2, 1948 July 1, 1949 = 100)

Date Printing Book and job Newspaper

1907: May 15 ______________________ (!) 15.0 19.41908: May 15 ---------------------------------- ( !) 16.6 20 .41909: May 15 ---------------------------------- ( !) 17. 8 21. 31910: May 15 ---------------------------------- ( 2) 18.8 22.01911: May 15 ______________________ 19.9 19. 3 22 .41912: May 15 ---------------------------------- 20. 3 19.6 22.81913: May 15 ______________________ 20.7 20 .0 23. 21914: May 15 ---------------------------------- 21.0 20 .4 23.51915: May 15 ______________________ 21. 2 20. 5 23. 6

1916: May 15 ______________________ 21 .4 20.8 23.71917: May 15 ---------------------------------- 22. 1 21.5 24. 31918: May 15 ______________________ 24.0 23. 9 25.51919: May 15 ---------------------------------- 29 .4 29 .4 30.81920: May 15 ---------------------------------- 37. 7 38 .4 37.61921: May 15 ---------------------------------- 41. 3 42. 2 40. 91922: May 15 ---------------------------------- 41 .8 4 2 .4 41. 31923: May 15 ---------------------------------- 43 .0 44. 1 41 .81924: May 15 ---------------------------------- 45. 1 45. 9 44. 3

1925: May 15 ---------------------------------- 45 .8 46 .4 45. 11926; May 15 ---------------------------------- 46 .8 47 .4 46. 11927: May 15 ---------------------------------- 48. 2 48 .6 47 .41928: May 15 ---------------------------------- 49. 1 49. 2 48 .61929: May 15 ---------------------------------- 49 .8 49 .9 49 .51930: May 15 ---------------------------------- 50 .6 50. 8 50. 01931: May 15 ---------------------------------- 50 .8 51. 1 50. 11932: May 15 ______________________ 50.5 50. 6 50. 01933: May 15 ---------------------------------- 47 .5 47 .8 46 .8

1934: May 15 ---------------------------------- 48 .5 49. 1 47 .41935: May 15 ______________________ 50. 3 50. 2 50. 31936: May 15 ---------------------------------- 51 .5 51 .6 51 .01937: May 15 ---------------------------------- 53. 2 53. 3 52.91938: June 1 ______________________ 54 .9 55. 1 54. 31939: June 1 ------------------------------------ 55 .4 55 .5 55.01940: June 1 - ---------------------- ---------- 56. 2 56. 0 56. 21941: June 1 ________________________ 56 .8 56. 6 56 .91942: July 1 ------------------------------------ 59. 3 59. 1 59 .4

1943: July 1 ________________________ 61. 1 60. 7 61. 91944: July 1 ------------------------------------ 62.6 62. 3 63. 31945: July 1 ________________________ 63.5 63. 1 64. 11946: July 1 ------------------------------------- 74. 3 74 .2 74.51948: Jan. 2 _______________________ 94. 3 94. 3 94. 31949: July 1 ------------------------------------ 105. 7 105. 7 105.71950: July 1 ________________________ 107. 9 108. 2 107.41951: July 1 ________________________ 112.4 112. 1 112. 71952: July 1 ------------------------------------ 118.8 119. 3 117.6

1953: July 1 ------------------------------------ 123.5 124. 0 122. 31954: July 1 ------------------------------------ 127. 1 127. 6 125.91955: July 1 ------------------------------------ 130.7 131.4 128.91956: July 1 ------------------------------------ 134. 1 134.9 132. 11957: July 1 ------------------------------------ 138.9 139.9 136.41958: July 1 ------------------------------------ 143.6 144.7 140.81959: July 1 ------------------------------------ 148. 3 149.8 145.0

1 Index ser ies designed for trend purposes; period ica l changes in union sca les are based on co m parable quotations fo r the various occupations in consecutive periods, weighted by number o f unionim em bers reported at each quotation in the current survey period .

2 Combined data fo r years 1907-10 not available.


7T A B L E 2. In dexes1 o f union hou rly w age s ca le s in each printing trade, 190759

(January 2, 1 94 8 -July 1, 1949 = 100)

B ook and jo b

Date B inderyw om en

B ook b in ders

C o m p o s ito r s ,hand

E le c t r o typ ers

M achineo p e r a

to r s

M achineten ders

(m a ch in ists)

M a ilersPhoto -

en g ra v ers

P r e s s a s s is t

ants and fe e d e rs

P r e s s m en,

cy lin d er

P r e s s m en,

platen

1907 M ay 15 ____________ ____________ 16. 7 17 .9 17. 1 20. 3 13. 0 1 8 .4 17. 31908 M ay 15 ............................................. - 18. 5 17 .9 17. 1 21. 0 - - - 14. 4 19 .3 17 .91909 M ay 15 ________________________ - 18. 7 17 .9 17. 2 2 1 .8 _ _ - 14. 6 20. 9 18. 51910 M ay 15 _________ _________ _ . - 18. 9 18. 7 17 .9 22. 6 _ _ - 14. 9 2 1 .0 1 8 .81911 M ay 15 _________ _____________ - 19. 2 19. 2 18. 9 22. 8 - - " 15. 5 2 1 .5 19. 2

1912 M ay 15 ------------------------ ---------- 19. 3 19 .6 1 9 .2 2 3 .4 2 2 .4 15. 8 21. 8 19. 51913 M ay 15 ________________________ - 19. 8 19 .9 19. 6 24. 0 2 2 .8 _ _ 16. 1 22. 1 1 9 .81914 M ay 15 ________________________ - 20. 1 2 0 .4 20. 5 24. 2 22. 8 - - 16 .6 22. 6 20. 21915 M ay 1 5 ________ _______________ 16. 8 20. 2 20. 5 20. 9 24. 3 23. 0 - - 16. 7 22. 6 20. 21916 M ay 15 ------------------------------------- 17. 1 20. 2 20. 9 21. 5 24. 3 2 3 .0 - 20. 5 16 .9 22 .9 20. 6

1917 M ay 15 ________________________ 18. 3 2 1 .4 21. 3 22. 2 24. 9 23. 5 22. 3 17. 8 23. 4 21. 71918 M ay 15 __________________ ______ 2 0 .4 24. 1 23. 5 23. 3 26. 9 25. 8 - 23. 6 20. 8 2 5 .9 23 .91919 M ay 15 . ..................................... 2 6 .4 30. 8 28. 8 26. 7 32. 5 31 .8 _ 27. 5 26. 8 3 1 .4 29. 31920 M ay 15 ............................................. 36. 5 40. 4 37 .9 38. 2 41. 3 39. 8 _ 38. 0 36. 8 40. 8 39. 71921 M ay 1 5 .... ................................... 42. 6 44. 3 43. 4 44. 5 46. 8 46. 0 - 40. 5 39. 8 45. 0 44. 3

1922 M ay 15 ._ _ ------------------------ _ 41. 2 42. 5 44. 2 45. 4 46. 8 45. 5 40. 9 38. 5 44. 0 4 3 .41923 M ay 15 ............................................ 43. 1 45. 1 45. 2 48. 2 47. 7 4 6 .4 - 41. 3 43. 2 47. 5 45. 21924 M ay 1 5 ................................. ........... 43. 7 47. 1 47. 3 50. 0 49. 7 4 8 .4 - 44. 2 4 2 .8 48. 9 46. 61925 M ay 15 ________________________ 44. 2 47. 6 47. 0 49. 8 49. 7 48. 5 _ 45. 3 45. 2 49. 5 4 6 .81926 M ay 1 5 ________________________ 43. 4 48. 4 47. 9 50. 3 50. 3 50. 2 - 48. 2 45. 7 50. 5 49. 0

1927 M ay 15 ________________________ 4 4 .4 49. 5 48. 8 50. 9 52. 3 5 0 .4 50. 5 46. 3 50. 6 49. 51928 M ay 15 ............................................ 44. 6 49. 3 49. 5 51. 3 5 2 .4 50. 7 - 5 1 .9 46. 6 5 1 .0 48. 61929 M ay 1 5 ........................................ 4 5 .0 49. 8 4 9 .8 52. 5 53. 3 51. 1 - 52. 7 47. 0 51 .9 4 9 .41930 M ay 1 5 ________________________ 45. 3 50. 4 50. 9 54. 0 54. 7 52. 0 _ 52. 8 47. 6 52. 8 50. 21931 M ay 1 5 ............................................. 45. 5 50. 6 51. 1 55. 2 55. 0 52. 5 5 2 .9 47. 9 53. 2 5 0 .4

1932 M ay 1 5 . ........................................ 4 4 .4 4 8 .8 5 1 .0 55. 0 5 5 .0 52 .9 54. 5 45. 8 5 1 .8 4 9 .41933 M ay 1 5 ____ __________________ 4 2 .6 47. 0 4 7 .9 5 1 .5 51. 6 49. 8 - 53. 5 42. 7 4 8 .6 46. 01934 M ay 1 5 ......................................... 4 4 .8 48. 8 4 8 .4 55. 1 51 .7 51. 3 _ 54. 3 44. 3 4 9 .9 47. 21935 M ay 15 ___________ ___________ 45. 2 4 9 .4 49. 3 56. 0 52. 5 51. 5 _ 5 7 .8 45. 3 50. 6 47. 61936 M ay 1 5 ________________________ 46. 1 50. 1 50. 8 56. 2 54. 3 53. 1 - 5 9 .2 4 6 .8 52. 7 49. 5

1937 M ay 1 5 ............................................. 4 6 .8 51. 5 52. 7 56 .9 55. 8 54. 7 48. 1 59 .9 49. 2 54. 5 5 1 .81938 June 1 __ _ . . . 49. 1 5 3 .4 5 4 .4 5 9 .5 57. 4 56. 3 51. 0 6 1 .4 51 .8 56. 2 5 3 .41939 June 1 ___________ __________ 4 9 .8 5 4 .4 54 .7 59 .9 57. 6 56. 5 5 1 .9 6 1 .9 52. 1 56. 6 5 3 .91940 June 1 __ ._ __ __ _ 50. 0 54. 7 55. 6 60. 1 58. 0 57. 2 53. 3 62. 4 5 2 .4 56. 9 54. 21941 June 1 ___ ____ _____ 51. 1 55. 5 56. 5 61. 3 58. 5 57. 6 53 .9 62. 6 53. 0 57. 4 54. 7

1942: July 1 ________________________ 54. 1 58. 4 58. 5 6 2 .4 61. 2 60. 3 56 .7 6 3 .8 56. 1 60. 2 5 7 .41943 : July 1 __ 55. 8 60. 6 60. 2 64. 1 63. 0 62. 1 57. 7 64. 1 57 .9 6 1 .9 59 .21944 : July 1 ________________________ 58. 6 61. 5 62. 1 65. 6 63. 5 63. 5 59. 0 67. 4 59. 2 62. 7 60. 21945: July 1 ________________________ 5 9 .8 61. 8 62. 8 6 6 .9 64. 2 64. 5 60. 0 6 8 .9 60. 0 6 3 .4 60. 91946: July 1 ________________________ 72. 7 74. 0 73. 4 76. 2 74. 8 73. 7 72. 6 78. 6 72. 5 74. 2 7 1 .9

1948: Jan. 2 ............................................ 95. 3 94. 6 94. 2 93. 0 94. 1 94. 3 92. 8 92. 8 94. 8 94. 8 94. 51949:: July 1 _ 104. 7 105. 4 105. 8 107. 0 105 .9 105. 7 107. 2 107. 2 1 05 .2 105. 2 105. 51950:: July 1 ------------------------------------- 108. 1 108. 3 107. 5 110. 6 107. 1 106. 8 108 .9 110. 6 107. 8 107. 6 10 8 .61951:: July 1 ............................................. 112. 7 111. 2 111 .2 114 .4 110. 6 110. 1 114. 3 114 .8 112. 5 111 .7 113. 11952:: July 1 . ............. ......................... 120. 3 1 1 9 .4 118. 0 119. 5 118. 1 117. 4 119. 5 123. 2 118. 7 118 .9 119. 5

1953:: July 1 _ ___ _________ 125 .7 123. 3 122. 8 123. 8 122. 6 122. 8 125 .9 128. 5 1 23 .8 123.4 124. 11954:: July 1 ........................................ 131. 0 126. 5 125 .8 127. 3 125. 5 126. 0 130 .9 133. 1 127. 6 126. 7 127. 51955:: July 1 ................................... 135. 6 130. 7 129 .7 129. 1 129. 6 130. 0 1 35 .4 136. 6 132. 1 1 30 .4 1 31 .81956:: July 1 ................................. 139. 5 1 34 .8 132 .9 133. 5 132. 6 133. 2 13 9 .4 139. 5 1 35 .8 133. 7 135. 61957:: July 1 ............................................. 147. 2 139. 7 137. 8 138. 1 137. 7 138. 2 144. 6 1 43 .9 140. 8 138. 0 140. 91958:: July 1 _ _ _ ____ 152. 2 144. 8 141 .9 143. 1 141 .7 142. 4 150. 3 148 .7 146. 0 143. 1 146. 51959:: July 1 ____ _______ 159. 5 151. 1 145 .9 147. 8 146. 0 146. 2 155. 8 153. 7 150. 8 147. 7 152. 2

See footn ote at end o f table.


8T A B L E 2. In d exes1 o f union h ou rly w age s ca le s in each printing tra d e , 190759 Continued

(January 2, 1948-Julv 1, 1949 = 100)N ew spaper

D ate C o m p o s ito rs , hand

M achineo p e r a

to rs

M achinetenders

(m a ch in ists)

M a ile rs Ph oto - en gravers

W eb p re ssm e n

J ou rn ey m en

M en -in - ch arge

J ou rn ey m en and m e n -in -

ch arge com bin ed

S te r e o typ ers

1907 M ay 15 ______________________________ 19. 8 20. 3 18. 3 20. 51908 M ay 15 ----------------------------------------------- 20. 9 21. 2 - - - - - 19. 5 21. 61909 M ay 15 ______________________________ 22. 0 21. 9 - - - - - 20. 3 22. 31910 M ay 15 ----------------------------------------------- 23. 0 22. 6 - - - - - 21. 0 22. 81911 M ay 15 ----------------------------------------------- 23.4 22. 7 - - 21. 1 23. 0

1912 M ay 15 ----------------------------------------------- 23. 9 23. 2 25. 1 21 .4 23. 31913 M ay 15 ------------------------- ----------------- 24. 3 23. 6 25. 3 - - - - 21. 9 24. 71914 M ay 15 ----------------------------------------------- 24. 6 23. 8 2 5 .4 - - - - 22. 0 25. 01915 M ay 15 ____________________________ 24. 7 24. 0 25. 6 - - - - 22. 2 25. 01916 M ay 15 ----------------------------------------------- 24. 8 24. 2 25. 7 - 2 2 .4 " - 22. 3 25. 3

1917 M ay 15 ______________________________ 2 5 .4 24. 9 25. 9 2 3 .4 . 22. 7 25. 91918 M ay 15 ---------------------------------------- 26. 6 25. 7 27. 2 - 25. 3 - - 24. 5 27. 01919 M ay 1 5 __ ______________ __________ 31. 9 31. 3 34. 5 - 29. 8 - - 30. 2 30 .41920 M ay 15 -------------------- ------------------------ 38. 8 38. 8 42. 6 - 34 .4 - - 37. 3 37. 11921 M ay 15 ______________________________ 42. 3 41. 3 44. 5 - 40. 6 - - 39. 9 43. 2

1922 M ay 15 -------------------------------------------- 43. 3 4 2 .4 44. 9 42. 6 37. 9 42. 61923 M ay 15 ______________________________ 4 3. 7 42. 9 45. 0 - 4 2 .4 - - 38 .4 4 3 .41924 M ay 15 -------------------------------- ------ 46. 0 4 5 .4 47. 5 - 44. 2 - - 42 . 7 44. 71925 M ay 15 ----------------------------- __ __ 46. 3 46. 3 46. 2 - 45. 9 - - 44. 6 45. 91926 M ay 15 ------------------ -------------- __ __ 4 7 .4 47. 5 45. 8 - 4 9 .4 - 44. 6 46. 5

1927:: M ay 15 ---------------------- --------------------- 49. 0 48. 5 4 8 .4 50. 1 _ 46. 9 47. 01928: M ay 15 _____________________________ 49. 9 50. 3 49. 5 - 52. 1 - - 48. 0 47. 01929: M ay 15 ---------------------------------------- 50. 8 50. 8 50. 6 - 52 .4 - - 48. 1 49. 31930: M ay 15 ------- __ ---------------------------- 51. 3 51. 2 51. 0 - 53. 2 - - 49. 0 49. 61931: M ay 15 ------------------------------------------- _ 51. 3 51. 3 51. 1 - 53. 7 - 49. 2 49. 9

1932: M ay 15 ----------------------------------------------- 50. 8 50. 9 50. 8 . 54. 3 _ ; 49. 9 4 9 .41933: M ay 15 ----------------------------------------- 4 7 .4 47. 6 47. 2 - 50. 3 - - 46. 7 46. 61934: M ay 15 ---------------------------------------- 48. 1 48. 2 47. 8 - 52. 6 - - 46. 8 47. 31935: M ay 15 ----------------------------------------------- 51. 3 51 .4 51. 0 - 55. 1 - - 4 9 .4 49. 51936: M ay 15 ----------------------------------------- 52. 2 52. 3 52. 0 56. 5 49. 6 50. 2

1937: M ay 15 ----------------------------------------- __ 5 4 .4 54. 5 54. 2 47. 1 57. 5 _ _ 51. 2 51. 81938: June 1 ----------------------------------------------- 55. 5 55. 8 55. 5 48. 3 6 0 .4 - - 52. 6 53. 61939: June 1 ----------------------------------------------- 55. 9 56. 2 55. 8 48. 7 61. 7 53. 7 55. 0 53. 8 54. 11940:: June 1 ----------------------------------------------- 57. 1 57. 2 56. 8 50. 2 62. 3 54. 9 56. 2 55. 1 55. 71941:: June 1 ----------------------------------------- 57. 8 57. 8 57. 5 52. 2 62. 6 55. 7 56. 9 55. 9 56. 6

1942: July 1 ________________ ____________ 60. 2 60. 3 60. 2 55. 6 63. 9 5 7 .8 59. 3 58. 0 59. 3194 3:: July 1 ______________________________ 62. 8 62. 6 62. 7 58. 5 64. 7 60. 7 62. 0 60. 9 61. 81944:: July 1 ______________________________ 64. 0 64. 0 64. 1 59. 3 6 6 .4 62. 2 63. 5 62 .4 63. 51945 : July 1 64. 8 64. 7 64. 9 60. 3 67. 8 63. 3 64. 4 63. 4 64. 01946 : July 1 ______________________________ 74. 1 7 4 .4 74. 6 7 3 .4 77. 8 74. 7 75. 7 74. 8 74. 0

1948: Jan. 2 ______________________________ 9 5 .2 95. 1 95. I 9 3 .4 9 4 .4 9 3 .2 93. 7 93. 2 93. 11949 : July 1 ---------- ------------------------------------ 104. 8 104 .9 104. 9 106. 6 105. 6 106. 8 106. 3 106. 8 106. 91950 : July 1 ----------------------------------------------- 106. 2 106. 1 106. 0 108. 3 107 .4 109. 1 109. 3 109. 2 109 .41951 : July 1 ----------------------------------------------- 111. 1 111. 0 110. 8 114. 2 111. 8 115. 0 114. 8 115. 0 114. 81952: July 1 ______________________________ 115. 9 115. 8 115. 7 121. 3 I 116 .4 119. 0 118. 5 118. 9 120. 2

1953: July 1 ______________________________ 120. 1 120. 0 119 .4 126. 5 120. 8 124. 7 124 .4 124. 6 123. 51954:: July 1 ----------------------------------------------- 123 .4 123. 2 122. 5 130. 8 123. 9 128. 6 128. 5 128. 5 127. 71955 : July 1 ----------------------------------------------- 126.1 , 125. 9 125. 0 134 .3 126. 9 132. 1 132.1 132. 0 131. 31956 : July 1 _______________________________ 129. 3 128. 8 127. 9 138. 2 129. 7 135. 5 135. 3 135. 3 134. 21957 : July 1 ----------------------------------------------- 133. 5 133. 2 132. 1 143. 0 - 133 .4 139. 9 139. 9 139. 7 138. 21958 : July 1 ----------------------------------------------- 137. 6 137. 3 136 .0 148. 6 137. 9 144.4 144. 2 144. 2 142. 71959: July 1 ______________________________ 141, 6 141. 3 140. 3 154. 3 141. 8 148. 5 148. 0 148. 3 146. 6

1 Index s e r ie s d esign ed fo r trend p u rp oses ; p e r io d ica l changes in union s ca le s a re ba sed on com p a ra b le quotations fo r the variou s occu pation s in con secu tive p e r io d s , w eighted by num ber o f union m em b ers rep orted at each quotation in the cu rren t su rvey p e r io d .


9T A B L E 3. P e rce n t changes in union w age ra tes and p ercen t o f union printing trades w o rk ers a ffe c ted , July 1, 1958July 1, 1959

P e rce n t a ffe cted by P e rce n t o f union prin ting trad es w o rk e rs a ffected by in cre a se s o f

T rad eIn crea se Nochange

Under2

p ercen t

2 and under 3 p ercen t





8 and under

10p ercen t

10p ercen t

andov er

A ll prin ting tra d es ------------------------------------------- 89. 9 10. 1 2. 5 9. 9 42 . 8 13. 0 8. 6 8. 7 2. 8 1. 7

B ook and jo b 1_________________________________ 8 8 .4 11. 6 2. 3 5. 8 35. 8 17. 2 10. 8 10. 6 4 . 2 1. 7B in dery w om en _______________ ______ __ 99. 5 . 5 8. 2 1. 2 22. 1 13 .4 30. 8 12. 3 6. 1 5 .4B ook bin ders _________________________ __ 98. 2 1. 8 . 1 12. 8 19. 9 17. 0 22. 5 19. 2 5. 6 1. 0C o m p o s ito r s , han d________________________ 69. 3 30. 7 . 1 3. 7 35. 0 17. 5 - 6. 2 5. 1 1. 5E le c tro ty p e rs ___________________ ________ 99. 0 1. 0 1. 5 14. 0 48. 0 2 7 .9 - 5. 5 2. 1 -M achine op era tors ________________________ 70. 9 29. 1 . 1 3. 9 32 .4 16. 2 - 11. 6 4. 9 1. 7M achine ten ders (m a ch in is ts )________ 67. 0 33. 0 - 1. 8 30. 1 22. 6 - 8. 3 2. 9 1. 3M a ile rs _ ------------------------ ---------------------- 9 4 .4 5. 6 9 .4 . 9 31. 1 29. 6 14. 5 4. 2 3. 6 1. 1Photo e n g r a v e r s ____________ ___________ _ 9 4 .4 5. 6 1. 3 7. 3 54. 6 12. 1 8. 7 9 .4 . 3 . 7P r e s s ass ista n ts and f e e d e r s ------------------ 86. 9 13. 1 1. 2 3 .4 4 2 .4 20. 2 7 .4 8. 3 3. 0 1. 0P re ssm e n , c y l in d e r ---------------------------------- 88. 2 11. 8 .6 6. 7 49. 5 16. 1 1. 5 10. 6 3. 1 . 1P re ssm e n , p laten --------------------------------- 95. 1 4. 9 5. 0 7. 5 31. 5 26. 1 7 , 1 9. 0 9. 0 -S tereotyp ers _______________________________ 100. 0 - . 6 17. 2 32. 7 39. 2 5 .4 1. 5 3. 5 -

N ew spaper -------------------------------------------------------- 9 2 .4 7. 6 2. 8 16. 9 54. 8 5. 7 4. 7 5. 5 . 3 1. 6D a y w ork ____________________________________ 9 2 .2 7. 8 3. 2 12. 9 57. 9 6 .4 2. 5 7. 2 . 5 1. 6N igh tw ork -----------------------------------------------------C o m p o s ito rs , hand:

9 2 . 6 7 .4 2 .4 20. 9 51. 8 5. 1 6. 9 3. 7 . 1 1. 7

D a y w ork ----------------------------------------- ------ 93. 7 6. 3 3. 5 19. 8 60. 7 1. 5 3. 0 2. 8 - 2. 6N igh tw ork ------------------------------------------------

M achine op e ra to rs :93. 3 6. 7 3 .4 27. 5 53. 7 .9 3. 2 2. 0 - 2. 5

D ayw ork --------------------------------------- -------- 9 2 .4 7. 6 7. 1 17. 9 56. 8 1. 7 2. 6 3. 7 - 2. 6N ightw ork ---------------------------------------- _

M achine ten d ers (m a ch in ists ):93. 8 6. 2 4. 0 24. 6 5 4 .4 1. 2 3 .4 2. 9 3. 3

D a y w ork _________________________________ 96. 5 3. 5 1. 1 9. 3 76. 7 . 6 3 .4 1. 1 . 7 3. 5N ightw ork ______________________________

M a ile rs :93. 1 6 .9 1.4 22. 7 56. 9 . 7 3. 8 1. 9 5. 6

D ayw ork -------------------------------------------- 90. 0 10. 0 1. 6 1. 6 37. 7 2 4 .4 4. 6 18. 3 - 1. 9N ightw ork ------------------------------------------- _

P h otoen gra vers:94. 7 5. 3 ~ 6. 1 35. 6 20. 3 24. 3 7. 5 " . 9

D ayw ork __ _____________ ______ ___ _ 9 3 .9 6. 1 - 38. 8 32. 8 4. 8 - 17 .4 - -N ightw ork ---------- ----------------------------

P re s s m e n (jou rn eym en ):93. 0 7. 0 1. 0 47. 7 22. 6 7. 6 13. 0 1. 0 ~

D ayw ork ________________________________ 90. 6 9 .4 2. 8 3. 3 67. 1 6. 7 1. 3 7. 8 1. 6 -

P re s s m e n -in -ch a rg e :87. 3 12. 7 1. 0 7. 5 67. 7 3. 0 2. 0 5. 8 . 1

D ayw ork ________________________________ 88. 6 11 .4 1. 2 15 .9 5 9 .5 2. 6 6. 5 3. 0 - -N ightw ork ---------------------------------------- _

S tereotyp ers :88. 6 11 .4 . 6 19. 6 59 .7 . 7 3. 2 4. 8

D ayw ork ----------------------------------------------- 9 2 .4 7. 6 - 8. 7 66. 3 7. 1 - 8. 7 1. 6 -N ightw ork ------------------------------------- ------ 94. 1 5 .9 4. 0 35. 1 50. 8 2 .5 " . 6 1. 1 -

1 R e la tiv e ly few w ork ers in book and job shops w ere em ployed on n ightw ork ; th e re fo re , data on such w ork ers w ere exclu ded fro m the su rvey .

N OTE: B ecau se o f rounding, sum s o f individual item s m ay not equal tota ls .

T A B L E 4. C e n ts -p e r -h o u r in c re a s e s in union w age rates and p ercen t o f union prin ting tra d es w o rk ers a ffe cted ,July 1, 1958July 1, 1959

P e rce n t o f union prin ting trad es w o rk e rs a ffe c te d by in c re a se s o f

T rad ew o rk ers

a ffe cted by w age rate in cre a se s

Under 5 cents

5 and under 6

cents

6 and under 8

cents

8 and under 9

cents

9 and under 10

cents

10 and under 11

cents

11 and under 12

cents

12 and under 1 3

cents

1 3 and under 15

cents

15 and under 20

cents

20 cents and

ov er

A ll prin ting t r a d e s _____ ____ 89. 9 I 3. 6 4. 1 6 .4 18.4 8. 0 14. 1 10. 0 6. 0 4 .4 8. 1 6. 7

B ook and j o b -------------------------- ---------- 8 8 .4 4. 1 6. 2 6. 0 14. 3 7 .4 10. 2 9. 7 7. 7 6. 2 9 .4 7. 2B indery w om en -------------------------- 99. 5 17. 1 15. 6 9. 9 30. 8 4. 1 1. 7 9. 0 - 1. 2 5. 6 4. 5B ook bin ders -------------------------------- 98. 2 . 1 10. 8 2 .4 9. 6 3. 1 9. 7 8. 7 9. 3 6. 7 30. 5 7. 3C o m p o s ito r s , hand _____ _______ 69. 3 . 1 1. 1 2. 7 12 .4 4 .4 10. 2 10. 3 14.4 . 7 1. 8 11. 1E le c tro ty p e rs --------- ___ _______ 99. 0 1. 5 7. 5 5. 5 2. 8 6. 1 33. 0 12.4 - 22. 5 . 1 7. 6M achine op e ra to rs , 7Q. 9 . 1 1. 2 2. 8 10. 6 6. 3 9. 5 8. 2 12. 8 1. 1 3. 1 15. 1M achine tenders (m a ch in ists).-. 67. 0 - . 7 1. 5 9. 2 8. 1 9. 2 11 .4 14. 5 - 3. 7 8. 8M ailers _____________________ 9 4 .4 11. 9 5. 0 1. 0 22. 3 12. 2 14. 2 . 3 7. 5 6. 7 11. 2 2. 0P h o to e n g ra v e r s ______________ 9 4 .4 - 2. 8 2. 0 5. 9 1. 5 10. 3 27. 8 3. 5 20. 8 12. 9 6. 9P r e s s ass ista n ts and fe e d e rs . . 86, 9 2. 9 3. 3 21. 3 20. 8 7. 7 7. 1 1. 5 10. 3 . 5 8. 2 3. 4P re ssm e n , c y l in d e r ------,----------- 88. 2 1. 1 3. 8 3. 6 6. 8 21. 0 15. 9 6. 2 8. 5 7 .4 8. 3 5. 5P re ssm e n , platen 95. 1 5. 3 1 .2 15. 0 15 .4 7. 1 4 .4 5. 0 16. 6 6. 2 9. 2 9. 6S t e r e o ty p e r s ---------- ________ 100, 0 . 6 6 .8 3 ,8 11. 6 . 2 20, 9 8. 2 . 7 35. 6 7. 7 3. 8


10

T A B L E 4. C e n ts -p e r -h o u r in c re a s e s in union w age rates and p ercen t o f union prin ting tra d es w o rk e rs a ffe cted ,July 1, 1958 July 1, 1959 Continued

P e rce n t o f P ercen t o f union prin ting tra d es w o rk e rs a ffe c ted by in c re a s e s o f

T rad e w o rk e rs a ffe c ted by w age rate in c re a s e s

U nder 5 cents

5 and under 6

cents

6 and under 8

cents

8 and under 9

cents

9 and under 10

cents

10 and under 11

cents

11 and under 12

cents

12 and under 13

cents

14 and under 15

cents

15 and under 20

cents

20 cents and o v e r

N ew sp a p er -------------------------------- ----- 92. 4 2 .8 0. 4 7. 2 25. 4 9. 1 20. 9 1 0 .4 3. 1 1. 5 5 .9 5. 7D ayw ork ------------------------------------- 9 2 . 2 3. 2 . 3 6 .6 28. 5 10. 8 20. 6 8 .4 1. 2 1 .4 5. 2 6. 1N ightw ork ----------------------------------- 9 2 . 6 2 .4 . 5 7 .9 22. 3 7. 3 21. 2 1 2 .4 5 .0 1 .6 6 .6 5. 4C o m p o s ito r s , hand:

22. 8D ayw ork ___________________ 9 3 .7 3. 5 - 10. 2 32. 0 9. 1 7. 7 . 1 - 3. 1 5. 2N ightw ork ___________________ 93. 3 3. 4 - 11. 2 28. 9 8. 1 17 .9 15. 2 - . 2 3. 9 4. 5

M achine o p e ra to rs :6. 1D ayw ork _____________________ 92. 4 7. 1 - 8. 0 2 9 .8 7. 7 19. 3 11. 2 . 2 - 2 .8

N ightw ork ----------------------------- 93. 8 4. 0 - 9 .8 26. 4 7. 9 13. 3 21. 5 . 1 . 6 3. 8 6. 2M ach ine ten d ers (m a ch in ists ):

D ayw ork _____________________ 9 6 .5 1. 1 - 4. 7 55. 6 5 .4 9 .0 12. 0 - - 3. 4 5. 4N ightw ork __ ______ '---------- 93. 1 1 .4 - 7 .8 26. 2 10. 1 12. 0 23. 6 - - 4. 5 7. 5

M a ile rs :D ayw ork _____________________ 90. 0 1. 6 .7 4. 2 23. 7 11. 5 17. 8 - 5 .8 4 .6 13. 1 7. 1N ightw ork ----------------------------- 94. 7 - .9 1. 1 11. 4 5. 6 2 9 .5 2. 1 10. 5 4 .9 24. 4 4. 4

P h otoen g ra v ers:6.-8 3. 8 1 7 .4D ayw ork _____________________ 9 3 .9 - . 5 2 .6 28. 5 26. 1 6. 4 . 7 1. 0

N ightw ork ___________________ 93. 0 1. 0 1 .2 . 7 19. 8 11 .9 31. 6 1. 5 3. 7 7. 3 . 3 14. 0P r e s s m e n (jou rn eym en ):

16. 1D ayw ork _______________ 90. 6 2 .8 . 3 4. 6 1 9 .4 10. 6 2 4 .4 . 3 1. 5 8. 7 2. 0N ightw ork ____________ 87. 3 1. 0 .9 2. 5 1 5 .9 2. 4 2 8 .7 9 .6 17. 3 . 8 2. 0 6. 0

P r e s s m e n -in -c h a r g e :D a y w ork -------------- ---------------- 8 8 .6 1. 2 . 1 3. 0 16. 1 12 .7 25. 5 17 .9 1. 2 1 .4 6. 5 3. 0N ightw ork -------------------------- 88. 6 . 5 . 2 2 .2 17. 4 2. 7 3 2 .4 2 3 .4 1. o . 7 1. 2 6 .8

S tereotyp ers :16. 2 2 3 .8 10. 3D ayw ork ------------- ---------------- 92. 4 - .6 5. 3 32. 5 1. 3 - 2. 5 -

N ightw ork ------------------------ 94. 1 4. 0 1. 5 2 2 .8 27. 8 15. 3 15 .7 2. 7 1. 2 1. 3 1 .7

NOTE: B ecau se o f rounding, sum s o f individual item s m ay not equal to ta ls .

T A B L E 5 . A v era g e union hourly w age rates in the prin ting tra d e s , July 1 , 1 9 5 9 , and in c re a s e s in ra tes ,July 1 , 1 9 5 8 July 1 , 1 9 5 9

T rad eA v era g e rate p er

hour,July 1, 1959j

Am ount o f in c re a s e , July 1, 1958 July 1, 1959 2 T rad e

A v era g e rate p er

hour,July 1, 19591

Am ount o f in c re a s e , July 1, 19 5 8 - July 1, 1959 2

P e rce n t Cents p er hour P e rce n tCents p er

hour

A ll printing t r a d e s _______________ $ 3 . 12 3. 3 10. 0 N ew spape r : Continued

Rnnlc and jo b __ ... $ 2. 96 3. 5 10. 0 M arhine nppratnrs _ $ 3. 45 2. 9 9. 8B in dery w om en ------------------------ 1. 79 4 .8 8. 2 D ayw ork __________________ 3. 34 2 .9 9 .4B ook bin ders ___________________ 3. 07 4 .4 12 .8 N ightw ork ________________ 3. 54 3 .0 10. 2C o m p o s ito r s , hand ----------------- 3 .2 5 2 .8 8 .8 M achine ten d ersE le c tro ty p e rs _________________ 3. 53 3. 3 11. 3 (m a ch in ists ) ------------------------ 3. 37 3. 1 10. 3M achine o p e r a t o r s ------------------ 3. 26 3 .0 9 .6 D ayw ork __________________ 3. 28 3. 1 10 .0M achine ten d ers N ightw ork ________________ 3. 54 3. 2 10. 9

(m a ch in ists ) _________________ 3. 25 2 .7 8. 6 M a ile rs __ _____ _________ 3. 11 3 .8 11. 5M a ile rs ------------------------------------- 2 .7 0 3. 6 9 .5 D a y w o r k __________________ 2 .9 6 3 .7 10. 6Photo eng r a v e r s _______________ 3 .8 2 3 .4 12. 5 N ightw ork ________________ 3. 23 4. 0 12. 3P r e s s a ss is ta n ts and Photo eng r a v e r s --------------------- 3. 74 2 .8 10. 2

fppHprs 2. 66 3 . 3 8. 6 Haywnrlc 3. 64 3. 0 10. 7P re s s m e n , c y l in d e r ---------------- 3. 26 3 .2 10. 2 N ightw ork _______________ 3 .8 4 2 .6 9 .7P re s s m e n , p la t e n _____________ 2. 94 3 .9 11. 0 P r e s s m e n ( jo u r n e y m e n )------ 3 .4 3 2 .8 9 .5S tereo ty p ers ________________ 3. 57 3. 5 12. 1 D ayw ork _____ ______ 3 .2 9 3 .0 9. 6

N ightw ork ________________ 3. 60 2. 7 9 .4N ew spaper ________________________ 3 .4 0 3 .0 9 .9 P r e s s m e n - in - c h a r g e _______ 3 .7 4 2 .7 9 .7

D ayw ork _______________________ 3 .2 9 3. 1 9 .7 D ayw ork __________________ 3. 59 2. 7 9 .6N ightw ork ______________________ 3. 51 3. 0 10. 1 N ightw ork ________________ 3 .91 2 .6 9 .8C o m p o s ito r s , h a n d ----------------- 3 .4 3 2 .9 9 .6 S tereoty p ers -------------------- 3. 38 2. 7 9 .0

D ayw ork ____________________ 3 . 33 3 .0 9 .6 D ayw ork __________________ 3. 26 3. 1 9 .7Night w o rk __________________ 3 .5 2 2 .8 9 .7 N ightw ork ________________ 3. 54 2 .4 8. 3

1 A v era g e ra tes a re based on a ll ra tes in e ffe c t on July 1, 1959; each union rate w as w eighted by the num ber o f union m e m b e rs rep orted at each ra te .

2 B ased on com p a ra b le quotations fo r 1958 and 1959, w eighted by the num ber o f union m e m b e rs rep orted at each quotation in 1959.


T A B L E 6. In cre a se s in union w age ra tes in the printing tra d es by c ity , reg ion , and industry branch,July 1, 1958July 1, 1959

11

A ll printing trades B ook and jo b _Tew spaper

C ities by reg ion P ercen to f

in c re a seCents

in cre a seP ercen t

o fin c re a se

Centsin c re a se

P ercen to f

in cre a seCents

in c re a se

A ll c it ie s ______ ______________________ _________ 3. 3 10. 0 3. 5 10. 0 3. 0 9. 9

New E n g la n d ______ _____________________________ 3. 1 9 .2 4. 3 12. 0 1 .7 5. 5B oston , M a ss . ____________ _ _____ _ ______ 3. 0 8. 8 4 .8 12 .9 1 .0 3. 3New Haven, Conn. _____________ ~ __ __ __ 3. 1 9. 1 3. 7 10. 4 2. 4 7. 2P ro v id e n ce , R . I. _____________________________ 2. 3 7. 4 1 .4 4. 3 2. 6 8 .4S prin gfie ld , M ass . ___________________________ 5 .7 15. 6 6 .4 17. 4 3. 5 9. 3

M iddle A tlantic __________ _____ _______________ 3. 0 9. 2 2 .9 8 .4 3. 1 10.7B u ffalo , N. Y ___________ _______________________ 3. 3 9 .7 3. 3 9 .2 3. 2 10. 6E r ie , P a . ______________________________________ 1 .6 4 .6 2. 8 7 .7 1 .0 3. 1N ew ark, N. J. ___________ __________________ 2. 6 7. 8 3. 0 8. 5 1 .8 6. 1New Y ork , N. Y . ______________________________ 3 .0 9 .9 2. 8 8. 8 3. 4 12. 2Philadelph ia , P a . -------------------------------------------- 3. 2 9 .2 2 .9 8. 1 3. 7 1 1 .4P ittsburgh , P a . ------------------ ------------------------- 3. 1 9. 1 2 .9 8. 0 3. 2 10. 2R o ch e s te r , N. Y. --------- --------------------------------- 2. 7 8. 0 2. 8 8. 1 2. 5 8. 0Scranton , P a . --------------------------------------------------- 3. 0 7. 3 2. 8 6. 5 3. 3 10. 6S yracu se , N. Y. ______________________________ 3 .4 9. 1 4. 4 10. 1 2. 5 7 .8

B o rd e r States _____________________________________ 3. 0 8. 5 3. 1 8. 2 2. 8 9. 0B a lt im ore , M d. ----------------------------------------------- 3 .4 9 .8 4. 2 11. 1 2 .6 8. 2L o u isv ille , K y. __ --------- _ __ ------------- 3. 0 8 .4 3 .4 8. 8 2. 3 7. 3R ichm ond, Va. _______________________________ 2 .9 7. 8 3. 3 7. 5 2. 7 8. 1W ashington, D. C . ______________ ____ _____ 2. 7 8. 0 2. 3 6. 2 3. 1 10. 6

Southeast ----------------------------------------------- --------- 2 .7 7. 5 2. 7 7. 2 2. 6 7. 7Atlanta, Ga. ___________________________________ 2 .7 7. 5 2. 7 7. 1 2. 8 8. 4B irm in gham , A la . ------------------------------------------- 2 .4 6. 7 2. 6 7. 0 2. 1 6 .4C h arlotte , N. C . __ __ _____ ___ ____ 2 .6 7. 6 - - 2. 6 7. 6J a ck son v ille , F la . ----------------------------------------------- 2. 2 6. 2 3. 5 9 .4 1 .9 5. 3K n oxville , Tenn. __ _ ------------- __ __ 2. 8 8. 1 2. 7 7. 5 2. 8 8. 2M em phis, Tenn. ________________________________ 2. 7 7. 8 2 .9 7. 5 2. 6 8. 0

G reat L akes ______________________________________ 2 .9 9 .0 3. 0 8. 7 2 .9 9. 6C h icago, 111. _______ ______ ___ _____ __ 2. 3 7 .4 2 .0 * 6. 3 2. 8 10. 0C incinnati, O h io ______ _________________________ 1.7 5. 1 2 .8 8. 0 . 4 1. 3C levelan d , O hio ___ __ ___________ __ ______ 3. 5 10. 3 3 .8 1 0 .4 3. 1 10. 2C olum bus, O hio ___________________ _____ __ 2 .8 8. 3 2. 4 6. 8 3. 4 10. 8D ayton, Ohio ___________________ ___ __________ 3. 5 10. 1 3. 5 10. 1 3 .4 10. 5D etro it , M ich . ___________________________________ 3 .7 11 .5 4. 0 11 .9 3. 2 10. 8G rand R ap id s, M ich . ----------------------------------------- 2. 3 7. 0 1 .5 4. 1 2 .9 9. 5Indianapolis, Ind. _______________________________ 3. 7 10. 3 4. 5 11 .7 2. 6 8. 3M ilw aukee, W is. ________________________________ 3. 2 9 .2 2. 8 7. 6 3 .9 12. 7M in n eap o lis -S t. Paul, Minn. _______________ 3 .6 10. 2 3. 6 9 .5 3. 8 13. 0P e o r ia , 111. ---------- ---------- _ __ __ _____ __ 3. 0 9. 2 3. 7 11 .0 2. 2 7. 1T o led o , O hio -------------- - __ _ _ _______ 2. 6 8. 1 2 .9 8. 2 2. 4 8. 0

M iddle W est ................................... . __ _ __________ 3 .9 11 .2 4. 3 11. 5 3. 2 10. 6D es M oin es, I o w a _______ __ 3. 0 9. 2 3. 1 8 .9 3. 0 9 .6K ansas C ity , M o. ____ __ ---------- ------------- __ 3. 1 8. 5 3 .4 8. 7 2. 5 8. 0O m aha, N ebr. ____ _ _____________ _______ _ 2. 7 8. 0 2. 7 7. 5 2. 6 8. 3St. L ou is , M o. ________ __ __ _ _ __ 5. 0 14. 1 5. 6 1 4 .4 4. 0 13. 5

S ou th w est____________ __ __ __ __ _ ___ 2. 7 7. 7 2. 2 5. 5 3. 0 9 .2D allas , T ex . _____________ ___ _ _ 3. 5 11 .0 2. 2 6. 4 3 .9 12. 8H ouston, T ex . _____________ ___ __ 1 .8 5 .4 1 . 2 3. 1 2. 2 7. 1L ittle R ock , A r k . ________________________________ 3. 0 7. 7 3. 3 7 .4 2. 8 8. 0New O rlean s , L a . _______________________________ 2 .8 7. 5 2. 8 7. 2 3. 3 10. 0O klahom a C ity , O k la .___________________________ . 7 1 .7 . 3 . 5 1. 7 5. 3San A n ton io, T ex . ------------------ ----------- 2. 2 6 .6 3. 1 8. 6 2. 0 6. 0

M ountain j -------------------- ----- _ __ ___ _ _ __ 2 .8 8. 2 2. 7 7. 2 2. 8 8 .9D en ver, C o lo . ___________________ __ __ __ __ 2 .6 7 .8 2. 6 6 .9 2. 7 8. 6Salt Lake C ity , U ta h ___ _ __ ____________ 3. 1 9. 3 3. 3 9 .4 3. 0 9. 3

P a c if ic __ ________ __ ________ _ ____ __ 5. 6 17. 6 6. 6 20. 0 4. 1 13. 8L o s A n g e les , C a lif. _ . . . _ _ 4 .6 14. 4 6. 0 18. 0 2. 1 7. 2Oakland, C a l i f . ---------------------------------------------------- 7. 3 23. 2 7. 5 2 3 .4 7. 0 22. 8P ortland , O r e g . _________________________________ 6. 1 19 .4 8 .9 2 5 .8 3 .6 12. 7San F r a n c is c o , C a lif. _______ ___ _ ___ 7 .4 23. 5 7. 7 24. 1 6. 7 22. 1Seattle, W ash. ----------------- __ _ __ __ 3 .0 10.0 3. 2 9 .9 2. 8 10. 2Spokane, W ash. _____ __ __ _____ _ ___ __ 5. 3 16. 7 6. 7 18. 3 4. 7 15. 7


12

T A B L E 7. D istrib u tion o f union m em b ers in the prin ting tra d es by hourly w age ra tes and by tra d e , July 1, 1959

P ercen t o f union m em b ers w hose rate (in cents) p er hour w asrate per

hour U nder160

160 and under

170

. 170

180

180

190

id o

200

200

210

2 f0

220

2 io

230

230

240

240

250

250

260

260

270

270

280 _A ll prin ting t r a d e s ___________________ $ 3 . 12 1 .8 2. 4 3. 1 2. 0 1. 5 0. 5 0. 6 0. 3 0 .9 0. 5 1. 2 2. 1 2. 6B ook and j o b __________________________ $ 2 . 96 2. 9 3. 8 4. 9 3. 1 2. 4 0 .7 1. 0 0. 5 1. 3 0. 7 1. 7 3. 0 3. 6

B indery w o m e n ________________ __ 1 .79 15. 7 19 .9 24. 7 16. 3 11 .8 2 .4 4. 7 - 4. 5 - - - _B ook b in ders ______________________ 3. 07 - - - - - - . 6 (* ) - 1. 3 1. 0 4. 9 7. 3C o m p o s ito rs , hand__ ___________ 3. 25 - - - - - - - - - - 2. 9 .6E le c tro ty p e rs _______ ___________ 3. 53 - - - - - - - - - - - - -M achine o p e r a t o r s ______ _____ _ 3. 26 - - - - - - - - - - - 2. 4 1 .4M achine ten d ers (m a ch in is ts )___ 3. 25 - - - - - - - - - - - 3. 3 . 9M a i le r s _____________________________ 2. 70 - 5. 7 13. 3 5. 0 4 .6 - - _ _ 6. 0 . 3 4. 1 3. 4P h otoen g ra v ers ___________________ 3. 82 - - - - - - - - - - - - -P r e s s ass ista n ts and f e e d e r s ___ 2 .6 6 . 3 . 7 . 7 . 2 1 .8 2. 7 . 9 5. 7 3. 4 4. 0 15. 0 13. 8 2 1 .8P r e s s m e n , c y l in d e r _____________ 3. 26 - - - - - - . 2 . 1 . 7 . 2 1. 0 1. 7 1. 8P r e s s m e n , p la t e n ________________ 2. 94 - - - - - - .9 . 2 2. 4 2. 3 7. 0 7. 1 8 .9S te r e o t y p e r s ____________________ _ 3. 57 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

N ew spaper ____________________________ 3. 40 - - - - _ - - _ . 2 . 1 . 4 . 5 1. 0D ayw ork __________________ ______ 3. 29 - - - - - - - - . 3 - . 6 . 8 1. 5N igh tw ork __________________________ 3. 51 - - - - - - - - - . 2 . 2 . 1 .4C o m p o s ito r s , hand_______________ 3. 43 - - - - - - - - - - - . 3 -

D a y w ork ______________ _____ _ 3. 33 - - - - - - - - - - - . 7 -N igh tw ork ---------------------------------- 3. 52 - - - ' - - - - - - - - - -

M achine o p e r a t o r s _______________ 3. 45 - - - - - - - - - - - . 1 -D a y w ork ________________________ 3. 34 - - - - - - - - - - - . 3 -N ightw ork ____ _______________ 3. 54 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

M achine ten d ers (m a ch in is ts )----- 3. 37 - - - - - - - - - - - . 4 _D aywo rk _____________________ _ 3. 28 - - - - - - - - - - - .6 -N ightw ork _____________________ 3. 54 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

M a i le r s ____ _________ ___________ 3. 11 - - - - - - - - 1. 0 . 7 2. 3 1. 9 6. 2D ayw ork _______________________ 2. 96 - - - - - - - - 2. 3 - 4. 0 3. 4 10 .9N ightw ork _____ _______________ 3. 23 - - - - - - - - - 1. 3 . 9 . 7 2. 5

P h otoen gra vers ___________________ 3. 74 - - - - - - - - - - - - -D ayw ork _______________________ 3. 64 - - - - - - - - - - - - -N ightw ork _____________________ 3. 84 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

P r e s s m e n (journeym en) -------------- 3. 43 - - - - - - - - - - - - -D ayw ork _______________________ 3 .29 - - - - - - - - - - - - -N ightw ork --------------------------------- 3. 60 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

P r e s s m e n - in - c h a r g e _____ ______ 3. 74 - - - - - - - - - - - - -Daywo r k ________________________ 3. 59 - - - - - - - - - - - - -N ightw ork _____________________ 3. 91 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

S tereotyp ers ______________________ 3. 38 - - - - - - - - - - - . 5 -Daywo r k ________________________ 3. 26 - - - - - - - - - - - .9 -N ightw ork ___________________ _ 3. 54 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

0 280 290 3do 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400

andov e r

A ll prin ting t r a d e s ____________________ 3. 1 6. 5 5 .9 11. 1 8. 7 10. 1 11. 3 6 .2 4 .6 5 .9 2 .8 0. 8 3. 5B ook and jo b __________________________ 4. 0 7. 7 5. 5 11. 3 6. 2 8. 4 10. 3 4. 2 1 .7 3 .9 2. 0 0 .8 4. 2

B in dery w o m e n _____________________ - - - - - - - - - - - - -B ook bin ders _______________________ _ _ .... 6. 4 16. 2 8 .9 36. 4 5. 2 2 .4 3. 6 1. 0 - 4. 7 - - -C o m p o s ito rs , hand _______________ 7. 1 11 .0 7. 4 12. 5 9 .4 12. 2 22. 1 9. 1 1 .0 4. 8 - - _E le ctro ty p e rs .. _ - 1. 1 1. 6 5. 0 17. 6 10. 3 19. 4 2. 0 - 21. 5 21. 5 . 1 -M achine o p e r a t o r s ________________ 4. 5 12. 5 8. 0 11 .8 8. 3 14. 2 22. 3 8. 5 . 7 . 4. 4 .8 _ . 1M achine ten d ers (m a ch in ists) ___ ___________ 3. 7 16. 1 6. 1 13 .8 8. 4 1 1 .2 24. 0 8. 3 - 4. 2 - - -M a ile rs _____________________________ 4. 1 18. 2 . 1. 6 13. 3 4. 2 3. 1 6. 8 . 6 _ _ 2 .9 2. 4 . 5Ph oto eng r a v e r s ____________________ .. . 3 - 5. 2 3. 7 3. 5 2. 0 11. 4 4 .6 8. 2 6. 6 6. 3 7. 6 40. 5P r e s s a ss ista n ts and fe e d e rs ___ 8. 6 7. 3 10. 5 1. 6 . 8 - - - - - _ - _P re s s m e n , c y l in d e r ----------------------------_____ 3. 5 7. 2 4. 6 14. 6 11. 7 25. 2 13. 3 7. 2 1 .9 3. 6 1. 0 ( M . 3P re s s m e n , p la te n --------------------------------- 10. 7 26. 0 12. 8 5. 1 6. 0 2. 2 - _ 8. 2 _ _ _S tereoty p ers _____________________________ . 7 - - 8. 5 11. 3 4. 2 12 .8 15. 4 13. 1 5. 0 25. 3 1 .4 2. 4

N ew sp a p er -------------------------------------------------------- 1. 6 4. 3 6 .4 10. 7' 12 .9 13. 1 13. 1 9 .6 9 .6 9 .4 4. 1 . 8 2. 3D ayw ork ______________________________ ~ 3. 0 6 .4 8. 2 15. 1 17. 9 14. 5 10. 9 8. 7 9 .7 . 6 . 8 .9 . 3N ightw ork ________________________________ . 3 2. 3 4. 7 6 .4 7. 9 11.7 15. 3 10. 5 9. 5 18. 3 7. 3 . 7 4. 3C o m p o s ito r s , h a n d ___________________ _____ - 2 .8 7 .9 6. 7 16. 3 13.7 11 .8 11. 2 14. 9 13. 7 .8 - . 1

D ayw ork ------------------- ---------------- - 5. 6 9 .4 9 .5 22. 5 17. 6 6 .8 12. 7 15. 2 - - - . 1N ightw ork ___________________________ _____ - - 6. 4 3. 9 10. 2 9 .8 16. 7 9 .7 14. 5 27. 2 1. 6 - . 1

M achine o p e r a t o r s ------------------------------- _____ _ 2. 5 7. 0 6 .8 14. 8 13. 2 12. 3 10. 0 15. 2 16. 7 .9 . 1 . 2D ayw ork _________________ __________ - 5 .4 8. 3 9 .0 22. 3 19. 0 7. 3 11. 0 17. 0 .2 - - . 2N igh tw ork ________________________ ___________ - - 5 .8 4 .8 8. 1 8. 1 16. 9 9. 1 13 .7 31. 6 1. 7 . 1 . 2

M achine ten ders (m a ch in is ts )------_____ - 7. 8 3. 6 26. 1 7. 6 10. 9 7. 7 9 .4 15 .6 10. 9 - - . 2D ayw ork ---------------------------------- - 12. 1 1. 4 39. 2 8. 1 11 .6 3 .9 8. 5 1 4 .4 - - - . 2N igh tw ork ------------------------------------ - - 7. 5 2. 4 6. 6 9 .5 1 4 .4 10. 9 17. 7 30. 7 - - . 2

M a i le r s _____________________________ 9. 7 12. 7 6. 7 20. 2 7. 0 17. 4 11 .9 2. 3 - - - - _D ayw ork ________________________ 19.7 12. 5 12. 6 26. 9 5 .4 - 2. 3 - - - - - -N igh tw ork _______________________ 1 .5 12 .8 L 8 14. 9 8. 3 3 1 .4 19 .7 4. 1 - - - - -

Photo eng r a v e r s ______________ ____ - - 2. 5 2. 7 1. 0 5. 1 6. 9 18. 6 8 .4 13. 3 9. 9 14. 5 16 .9D ayw ork -------------------- -------------- - - 4. 8 1. 9. . 5 7. 2 9 .4 27. 7 1 1 .4 2. 0 13. 3 2 1 .6 -N ightw ork _______________ _____ - - - 3 .6 1. 5 2 .8 4. 2 8. 6 5. 0 25. 7 6. 1 6. 7 35 .6

P re s s m e n (journeym en) --------------- . 4 3. 3 3 .6 11 .9 14.7 11. 0 18. 3 13. 2 3. 1 3 .0 16 .6 .6 .3D ayw ork -------------------- -------------- .8 5 .9 3. 5 19 .5 22. 0 15 .9 26. 2 3 .6 1 .9 - . 5 - -N igh tw ork ___________________ _ - . 3 3. 7 3. 2 6 .4 5. 5 9 .2 24. 1 4. 5 ' 6. 4 3 4 .9 1 .4 .6

P r e s s m e n -in -c h a r g e _____________ - - .4 2. 2 3 .4 4. 2 8. 0 22. 0 8 .0 13 '. 3 9 .8 2. 7 26. 1D ayw ork ----------------- --------- ----- - - .7 2. 7 4 .9 6. 2 13. 1 35. 0 10 .8 13. 1 4 .8 - 8 .6N ightw ork _________________ - - - 1. 5 1. 5 1 .9 2. 0 6. 5 4 .6 13. 5 15. 7 6. 0 46. 8

S tereotyp ers ___ ________ ___ . 4 2 .9 10 .8 13 .8 15. 5 14. 9 16 .8 1 .9 8 .8 4 .6 .6 - 8. 5D a y w ork ----------------- ------------------ . 7 5. 2 13. 5 15 .9 21 .7 21. 3 14. 6 - 5 .4 . 6 . 2 - -N ightw ork ______ _____________ - - 7. 4 11. 2 7. 5 6. 7 19 .6 4. 3 13. 1 9 .6 1. 2 - 19. 4

L e s s than 0. 05 p ercen t.

NOTE: B eca u se o f rounding, sum s o f individual item s m ay not equal totals,


13

T A B L E 8. A v era g e union h ou rly wage rates in the printing trad es by, c ity and popu lation group , July 1, 1959

B ook and jo b 1 N ew spaper

C ity and popu lation groupA v era ge

hourlyrate

C ity and popu lation groupA v era gehourly

rate

P opulation group 1 (1 ,0 0 0 , 000 o r m o re ):New Y ork , N. Y. __________________________________C h icago, 111. ------------------------------------------------------------L os A n g e les , C a lif. -----------------------------------------------

$ 3. 20 3. 18 3. 18

Population group 1 (1 ,0 0 0 , 000 o r m o re ):New Y ork , N. Y _____ ___________________C h icago, 111.-------------------------------------------

$ 3. 693. 62

A v era ge fo r group I

D etroit, M ich . _____Philadelphia , P a . __

3. 15

3. 082 . 86

A v era ge fo r group I

D etroit, M ich . _____L os A n g e les , C a lif. Ph iladelph ia , Pa. _

3. 58

3. 48 3. 42 3. 23

Population group II (500, 000 to 1, 000, 000):San F r a n c is c o , C a lif. _____________________Cincinnati, O h io ___________________________C levelan d , Ohio ___________________________

A v era ge fo r group II _____________________

3. 38 2 . 90 2 . 88

2. 87

P opula tion group II (500, 000 to 1, 000, 000):M in n eapolis-S t. Paul, M inn. -------------------St. L ou is , M o. ____________________________San F r a n c is co , C a lif. -------------------------------W ashington, D. C. -------------------------------------C leveland , Ohio ___________________________

3. 54 3. 52 3. 52 3. 51 3. 44

P ittsburgh , Pa. ______________B uffalo , N. Y __________________B oston , M ass . _______________M ilw aukee, W is. _____________M in n eapolis-S t. Paul, Minn.B a ltim ore , Md. _____________W ashington, D. C . ___________St. L ou is , M o. ----------------------H ouston, T e x . -------------------------New O rlean s, La . ___________

2. 87 A v era g e fo r group2. 862. 83 B oston , M ass. ___2. 80 B u ffalo , N. Y. ____2. 76 M ilw aukee, W is. _2. 75 B a lt im ore , Md. __2. 73 P ittsburgh , Pa . ~2. 71 H ouston, T ex. ___2. 69 Cincinnati, Ohio _2. 66 New O rlean s, La.

3. 39

3. 39 3. 38 3. 36 3. 25 3. 24 3. 21 3. 20 3. 11

Popula tion group III (250, 000 to 500, 000):Oakland, C a lif. __________________________Seattle, W ash. ------------------------------------------P ortland , O r eg. _________________________D allas, T ex . _____________________________N ew ark, N. J. -------------------------------------------R o ch e s te r , N. Y. ________________________C olum bus, Ohio _________________________T o led o , O h io ______________________________

3. 37 3. 21 3. 15 3. 04 2. 94 2 .9 3 2. 91 2 . 90

P opula tion group III (250, 000 to 500, 000):Seattle, W ash. ------------------------------------------P ortlan d , O reg . _________________________Oakland, C a lif. ----------------------------------------N ewark, N. J. ____________________________D allas, T ex . _____________________________T o led o , Ohio _____________________________

A v era g e fo r group III -----------------------------

3. 70 3. 60 3. 50 3. 45 3. 40 3. 37

3. 36

A v era ge fo r group III _______

San A nton io, T ex . ___________B irm in gham , A la . ___________D enver, C o lo . ________________M em phis, Tenn. -------------------L o u isv ille , Ky. ______________Indianapolis, Ind. ___________Atlanta, Ga. __________________K ansas C ity, M o. ------------------

2 . 88

2. 82 2. 72 2. 72 2. 72 2. 71 2. 70 2. 67 2. 65

D enver, C o lo . _______________C olu m b u s, Ohio _____________Indianapolis, Ind. ___________K ansas C ity, M o. ------------------R o ch e s te r , N. Y. ____________L o u isv ille , Ky. ______________M em phis, Tenn. -------------------Atlanta, Ga. ---------------------------B irm in gham , A la . __________San A nton io, T ex . ----------------

3. 33 3. 32 3. 31 3. 30 3. 28 3. 22 3. 18 3. 13 3. 09 3. 07

Popula tion group IV (100, 000 to 250, 000):P ro v id e n ce , R . I. -----------------------------------P e o r ia , 111. ----------------------------------------------D es M oin es, I o w a -----------------------------------Salt Lake C ity, Utah ___________________Dayton, Ohio ____________________________New H aven, Conn. ______________________Spokane, W ash. ----------------------------------------S prin gfie ld , M ass . ---------------------------------K n oxville , Tenn. ________________________Omaha, N ebr. ___________________________E r ie , P a . _________________________________G rand R apids, M ich . ___________________

A v era ge fo r group IV __________________

J a ck son v ille , F la . ______________________S yracu se , N. Y. __________________________Scranton , Pa. ___________________________R ichm ond, Va. __________________________L ittle R ock , A rk . _______________________O klahom a C ity, Okla. __________________

3. 12 3. 07 2. 96 2.96 2. 94 2. 94 2. 94 2 . 91 2 . 90 2. 83 2. 82 2. 77

2. 75

P opula tion group IV (100, 000 to 250,000):Spokane, W ash. ---------------------------------------D es M oin es, Iowa ----------------------------------P e o r ia , 111. _______________________________Scranton, Pa. ------------------------------------------Grand R apids, M ich . ___________________P ro v id e n ce , R . I. -----------------------------------Omaha, N ebr. -----------------------------------------Salt Lake C ity, Utah ------------------------------

A v era ge fo r group IV -----------------------------

O klahom a City, Okla. __________________S yracu se , N. Y. --------------------------------------D ayton, Ohio ____________________________R ichm ond, Va. __________________________

2. 75 2. 42 2. 37 2. 36 2. 34 2. 03

New Haven, Conn. ___E r ie , P a ...........................C h arlotte , N. C. _____K n oxville , Tenn. ____L ittle R ock , A rk . ----J a ck son v ille , F la . ___S prin gfie ld , M ass. __

3. 49 3. 35 3. 33 3. 32 3. 30 3. 27 3. 20 3. 19

3. 18

3. 18 3. 17 3. 16 3. 11 3. 09 3. 07 3. 00 2 . 98 2 . 90 2. 89 2. 79

1 The a v era g es in the book and jo b tabulation include ra tes fo r the se m isk ille d bin dery w om en and p re ss a ss ista n ts and fe e d e rs as w ell as the h ighly sk illed jou rn eym en , com p osin g room and p r e s s r o o m w o rk e rs , and o th ers . The num ber o f sem isk illed w o rk ers org a n ized in a c ity m ay have in fluence on the average fo r the c ity .


14

T A B L E 9. A v era g e union h ou rly w age ra tes in the prin ting trad es by r e g io n 1 and by tra d e , July 1, 1959

T rad e UnitedStatesNew

EnglandM iddle

A tlanticB ord erStates

South - east

G reatLakes

M iddleW est

South - w est M ountain P a c i f ic

A ll prin ting tra d es --------------------------------------------- $ 3. 12 $ 3. 05 $ 3. 15 $ 2 . 96 $ 2 .9 1 $ 3. 13 $ 2 . 99 $ 2 .9 2 $ 3. 07 $ 3. 34

B ook and j o b ------ ----------------------------------------------- $2 . 96 $ 2 . 89 $2 . 98 $2 . 70 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 . 99 $ 2 .7 6 $ 2 . 57 $ 2 . 76 $ 3 .2 4B in dery w om en ______________________________ 1 .7 9 1. 60 1 .70 1. 53 1. 63 1 .82 1. 74 1 .42 1. 72 2. 19B ook bin ders --------------------------------------------------- 3. 07 2. 88 2. 99 2 .7 4 3. 01 3. 11 3. 07 2. 62 2. 98 3. 59C o m p o s ito r s , hand --------------------------------------- 3. 25 2. 97 3. 26 3. 03 3. 00 3. 35 3. 16 2. 88 3. 01 3. 55E le c tro ty p e rs ------------------ ---------- ------------- 3. 53 3. 30 3. 72 3. 15 3. 21 3. 53 3. 32 3. 14 3. 27 3. 73M achine o p e ra to rs ---------------------------------------- 3. 26 2. 99 3. 30 3. 02 2. 99 3. 35 3. 17 2. 87 3. 03 3. 50M achine ten d ers (m a ch in ists ) -------------------- 3. 25 3. 02 3. 38 3. 00 2. 97 3. 34 3. 15 2. 88 3. 06 3. 56M a ile rs ----------------------------------------------------------- 2. 70 - 2. 81 2. 13 3. 03 2. 63 3. 14 _ 2. 96 3.41P h otoen g ra v ers --------------------------------------------- 3 .82 3 .40 4. 02 3. 53 3. 15 3. 90 3. 30 3. 13 3. 22 3. 81P r e s s a ss ista n ts and fe e d e rs ______________ 2. 66 2. 62 2. 63 2 .4 4 1.97 2. 75 2 .4 5 2. 06 2. 32 2. 90P r e s s m e n , cy lin d er ________________________ 3. 26 2 .9 2 3. 33 2. 94 2. 87 3. 32 3. 18 2 .71 2. 89 3 .48P r e s s m e n , p la t e n ----------------------------------------- 2. 94 2. 68 2 .9 3 2. 56 2. 82 2 .9 3 2 .8 2 2. 39 2. 83 3 .4 9S tereo ty p ers _________________________________ 3. 57 3 .4 3 3. 74 3. 19 3. 23 3 .48 3. 55 3. 26 3. 33 3. 64

N ew spap er ------------------------- --------------------------------- 3 .4 0 3. 26 3 .49 3. 33 3. 04 3 .4 5 3. 39 3. 16 3. 28 3. 51D ayw ork _____ ____________________ ____ 3 .2 9 3. 16 3. 34 3. 23 2. 98 3. 34 3. 31 3. 07 3. 23 3 .44N ightw ork ------------------------------------------------------- 3. 51 3 .4 3 3. 62 3 .44 3. 11 3. 56 3 .4 9 3. 26 3. 34 3. 57C o m p o s ito r s , hand --------------------------------------- 3 .4 3 3. 20 3. 52 3 .4 3 3. 11 3 .4 9 3. 44 3. 23 3. 34 3. 58

D ayw ork ---------------------------------------------------- 3. 33 3. 12 3.41 3. 33 3. 04 3. 39 3. 37 3. 15 3. 29 3. 51N ightw ork --------------------------------------- ----- 3. 52 3. 36 3. 62 3. 51 3. 17 3. 58 3. 52 3. 30 3 .40 3. 65

M achine o p e ra to rs ---------------------------------------- 3 .4 5 3. 25 3. 56 3 .4 3 3. 11 3 .4 9 3 .4 2 3. 22 3. 36 3. 57D ayw ork ---------------------------------------------------- 3. 34 3. 16 3 .44 3. 33 3. 04 3. 38 3. 34 3. 11 3. 30 3 .48N ightw ork ________________________________ 3. 54 3. 36 3. 65 3. 50 3. 16 3. 58 3. 51 3. 30 3 .42 3. 66

M achine ten ders (m a ch in ists) _____________ 3. 37 3. 20 3. 61 3 .43 3. 02 3 .4 8 3 .45 3. 24 3 .40 3. 59D ayw ork ---------------------------------------------------- 3. 28 3. 18 3. 54 3. 33 2. 97 3. 39 3. 37 3. 18 3. 35 3. 53N ightw ork ------------------------------------------- _ 3. 54 3. 38 3. 69 3. 50 3. 15 3. 57 3. 54 3. 31 3.47 3. 66

M a ile rs ---------------------------------------------------- 3. 11 2. 90 3. 15 2. 81 2. 70 3. 19 3. 12 2. 63 2. 91 3. 31D ayw ork ------------------------------------------------ ---- 2. 96 2. 78 2 .9 5 2. 72 2. 66 3. 05 3. 04 2. 56 2. 86 3. 23N ightw ork ------------------------------------------- 3. 23 2. 98 3. 28 2. 93 2 .7 5 3 .2 9 3. 24 2 .7 3 2. 98 3. 37

P h otoen gra vers --------------------------------------------- 3. 74 3. 54 3 .93 3. 64 3. 22 3. 87 3. 59 3 .42 3 .4 6 3. 81D ayw ork ---------------------------------------------------- 3. 64 3 .42 3. 80 3. 57 3. 12 3. 77 3. 54 3 .2 9 3 .4 5 3. 77N ightw ork ________________________________ 3. 84 3. 64 4. 02 3. 73 3. 29 3. 99 3. 71 3. 51 3 .4 9 3. 89

P re s s m e n (journeym en) ------------------------------- 3 .4 3 3. 37 3. 55 3. 26 3. 07 3 .48 3.41 3. 16 3. 26 3 .4 3D ayw ork ---------------------------------------------------- 3. 29 3. 17 3. 34 3. 18 3. 03 3. 34 3. 32 3. 11 3. 20 3. 33N ightw ork ________________________________ 3. 60 3. 70 3. 73 3. 35 3. 12 3. 68 3. 53 3. 24 3. 38 3. 52

P r e s s m e n - in - c h a r g e ------------------------------------ 3. 74 3. 64 3 .92 3. 54 3. 35 3. 72 3. 63 3. 64 3 .4 5 3. 71D ayw ork _______________ ________________ 3 .59 3 .42 3. 74 3 .47 3. 32 3. 59 3. 54 3. 50 3 .42 3. 61N ightw ork -------------------------------------------------- 3. 91 3. 96 4. 12 3. 64 3. 38 3 .9 3 3. 75 3. 74 3. 50 3. 80

S tereoty p ers --------------------------------------------------- 3. 38 3. 26 3. 52 3 .2 9 3. 05 3 .42 3. 39 3. 16 3. 19 3 .49D ayw ork ---------------------------------------------------- 3. 26 3. 13 3. 25 3. 18 3. 00 3. 32 3. 31 3. 10 3. 16 3 .45N ightw ork ------------------------------------------------- 3. 54 3. 54 3. 80 3 .45 3. 10 3. 57 3 .4 9 3. 23 3. 24 3. 56

1 The reg ion s u sed in this study include: New England C on necticut, M aine, M a ssa ch u setts , New H am p sh ire , Rhode Island,and V erm on t; M iddle A tlan tic New J e r s e y , New Y ork , and P en nsylvania ; B o rd e r S tates D ela w a re , D is tr ic t o f C olu m bia , K entucky, M aryland, V irg in ia , and W est V irg in ia ; Southeast A laba m a , F lo r id a , G eorg ia , M is s is s ip p i, N orth C a ro lin a , South C a ro lin a , and T en n essee ; G reat L a k e s Illin o is , Indiana, M ich igan , M in nesota , O hio, and W iscon sin ; M iddle W est Iow a, K an sas , M isso u r i, N ebraska , N orth D akota, and South D akota; Southw est A rk a n sa s , L ou is ian a , O klahom a, and T exa s ; M ountain A rizo n a , Idaho, C o lo ra d o , M ontana, New M e x ico , Utah, and W yom ing; and P a c i f ic C a lifo rn ia , N evada, O regon , and W ashington.

T A B L E 10. D istrib u tion o f union m e m b e rs in the prin ting tra d es by stra ig h t-t im e w eek ly h ou rs , July 1, 1959

T rad eA v era g e

hoursp er

w eek

P ercen t o f m e m b ers w h ose stra ig h t-t im e h ou rs p e r w eek w ere

U nder30 30

O ver30

andunder

35

35

O ver 35

and under

361 U

36V4

O ver36l /4 and

under 37 V2

37 v 2

O ver37V2and

under40

40

A ll prin ting tra d es ---------------------- ----------------- 36. 7 (M 0. 1 2. 3 16. 0 (M 33. 3 0. 6 44. 6 1. 1 2. 1

B ook and j o b ------ ------------------ -------- ------------ 36 .8 . (M 0. 2 16. 1 . 36. 1 (M 4 2 .8 1. 7 3. 1B indery w om en ------------------------------------------- 36 .8 - - 12. 3 - 40 . 5 4 1 .4 1. 5 4 . 2B ook bin ders -------- ------------------------------------- 36. 7 - - - 9. 0 - 5 5 .4 - 31. 6 1 .4 2. 6C o m p o s ito rs , hand ---------- -------------------- 36. 9 - - - 10. 0 - 36. 2 - 47. 8 2 .4 3. 6E le c tro ty p e rs _____________________________ 36. 7 - - . 1 23. 6 - 20. 2 - 56. 0 - -M achine op e ra to rs ------------------------------------- 36 .9 - 0. 1 - 9. 8 - 38. 0 - 4 5 .4 3. 0 3. 6M achine ten d ers (m a ch in ists ) ------------ 37. 0 - - - 8. 1 - 39 .6 - 44. 2 4 .4 3. 7M a ilers ------------------------------- ---------------------- 37. 2 - - 5. 8 2. 3 - 16. 1 1 .0 6 5 .9 - 9. 1P h otoen gra vers ------------------------------------------- 35. 7 - - - 65. 9 - 13. 5 - 20. 5 - (MP r e s s a ss ista n ts and fe e d e rs ------------------ 36. 9 - - - 7. 3 - 39. 0 - 5 0 .4 1. 9 1 .4P re s s m e n , c y l in d e r ----------------------------------- 37. 0 - - - 8. 0 - 36. 7 - 48. 9 2. 3 4 . 1P re s s m e n , p la t e n --------------------------------------- 36. 9 - - - 19. 8 - 23. 0 - 48. 8 2. 3 6. 0S tereotyp ers ------------------------------------------------ 36. 3 " 3. 6 30 .4 21. 3 - 44. 7 "

See footn ote at end o f table,


15

T A B L E 10. D istrib u tion o f union m e m b ers in the printing trades by s tra ig h t-t im e w eek ly h ou rs, July 1, 1959 Continued

T radeA v era ge

hoursp er

w eek

P ercen t o f m e m b e rs w hose s tra ig h t-tim e hours p er w eek w ere

Under30 30

O ver30

andunder

35

35

O ver35

andunder

361/*

361/*

O ver 361/4 and

under 37 Vz

37Vz

O ver 37 V2 and

unde r.. IQ . .

40

N ew spaper ____________________________________ 36. 5 (M 0. 1 5. 8 15 .9 (M 28. 3 1 .6 4 7 .8 (M 0. 3D ayw ork ___________________________________ 36 .9 - . 1 . 2 10. 5 - 23. 0 1 .7 63 .9 o. 1 . 5N ightw ork _________________________________ 36. 1 (?) . 2 11 .5 2 1 .3 (M 33. 8 1. 5 3 1 .5 - . 1C o m p o s ito rs , hand _____ ________ _____ 36. 7 (M ( l ) . 2 12. 6 - 37. 2 2 .9 47. 1 - -

D a y w o r k ___ ______ __________________ 36. 8 - . 1 . 2 11 .7 - 29. 0 3 .4 55. 6 - -N ightw ork _____________________________ 36. 6 ( !) (M . 1 1 3 .4 - 45. 3 2. 3 38. 7 - -

M achine o p e r a t o r s ------ ---------------- -------- 36. 6 (M . 2 . 2 13. 4 - 4 1 .7 3 .4 41. 1 - -D ayw ork ____________ _______________ 36. 7 - . 2 .4 12. 1 - 33. 8 3 .9 49. 7 - -N ightw ork ------------ ------ -------- 36. 5 0. 1 . 1 . 1 14. 6 - 48. 7 3. 0 3 3 .4 - -

M achine ten d ers (m a ch in ists) __________ 36. 8 - . 2 . 3 1 1 .6 - 31. 2 2. 1 54. 6 - -D ayw ork ---------------------- ---------------- ---- 37. 0 - . 2 . 3 9. 5 - 21 .7 1. 8 66. 5 - -N ightw ork --------------------------------------------- 36. 5 - . 2 . 3 15. 5 - 48. 3 2. 6 33. 2 - -

M a ile rs _______________ _________________ 36. 5 - - 11 .9 17. 3 - 20. 0 . 4 49. 1 - 1. 3D ayw ork --------------- ------------- ------------- 37. 2 - - - 7 .9 - 11. 2 - 78. 1 - 2. 8N ightw ork __________ ______________ __ 35 .9 - - 21. 5 24. 9 - 27. 2 . 8 25. 6 - -

P h o to e n g ra v e r s _________ __ ___________ 36. 8 - - - 9 .7 0. 3 38. 3 - 51 .7 - -D a y w o r k ______________________________ 36. 8 - - - 9 .8 - 35. 3 - 54. 9 - -N ightw ork __ ___________ _ __________ 36. 8 - - - 9. 5 . 6 41. 6 - 48. 2 - -

P re ssm e n ( jo u r n e y m e n )___ ____________ 36. 1 - - 14. 5 24. 6 - 10. 4 - 5 0 .4 . 2 -D ayw ork ________ _______ ___________ 37. 1 - - - 8. 7 - 14. 2 - 7 6 .9 . 3 -N ightw ork _________ _____ ___ __________ 35. 0 - - 3 1 .0 4 2 .8 - 6. 1 - 20. 2 - -

P r e s s m e n - in - c h a r g e _____________________ 36. 1 - - 14. 6 27. 7 - 9 .4 - 48. 1 . 2 -D ayw ork _______________ _________ ____ 37. 0 - - - 14. 1 - 12. 0 - 73. 6 . 3 -N ightw ork -------------- ------------ __ __ 34. 9 - - 31 .9 4 3 .9 - 6. 3 - 17 .9 - -

S tereotyp ers _________________________ _______ __ 36. 3 - .8 10. 2 12. 6 - 20. 0 - 54. 9 - 1. 5D ayw ork _____________________________________ __ 37. 0 - - . 8 10. 8 - 16. 5 - 70. 4 - 1 .4N ightw ork --------------------------------------------- 3 5 .4 1.8 2 2 .4 14. 8 ~ 24. 5 " 34 .9 1 . 6

1 L e s s than 0. 05 p ercen t.

NOTE: B ecau se o f rounding, sum s o f individual item s m ay not equal to ta ls .

T A B L E 11. Indexes o f union w eek ly hours in the printing tra d es , 190759

Y ea r

1907: M ay 15 _____1908: M ay 15 --------1909: M ay 15 --------1910: M ay 15 --------1911: M ay 15 -------1912: M ay 15 -------

1913: M ay 15 -------1914: M ay 15 _____1915: M ay 15 --------1916: M ay 15 --------1917: M ay 15 --------

1918: M ay 15 _____1919: M ay 15 --------1920: M ay 15 --------1921: M ay 15 --------1922: M ay 15 --------1923: M ay 15 -------

1924: M ay 15 --------1925: M ay 15 --------1926: M ay 15 --------1927: M ay 15 --------1928: M ay 15 _____

1929: M ay 15 --------1930: M ay 15 --------1931: M ay 15 _____1932: M ay 15 --------1933: M ay 15 -------

A llprinting

133. 2 133. 1

133. 0132 .9 132. 9 132. 9 132. 9

132 .9 132. 9 129. 0 121 . 2 120 . 8 120 . 2

1

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