bls_2025-64_1978.pdf

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A r e a Saginaw, Michigan, Wage Metropolitan AreaSurvey November 1978Bulletin 2025-64

U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics

Saginaw Saginaw

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Preface

This bu lletin p rov ides resu lts o f a N ovem ber 197 8 su rvey o f occupational earnings in the Saginaw, M ich igan , Standard M etropo litan S ta tis tica l A rea . The su rvey was made as part of the Bureau o f Labor S ta tis tics ' annual a rea w age su rvey p rogram . It was conducted by the Bureau 's reg ion a l o ffic e in Chicago, 111., under the gen era l d irection o f L o is L . O rr, A ss is tan t R egional C om m iss ion er fo r Operations. The su rvey could not have been accom plished without the cooperation o f the many firm s whose wage and sa la ry data p rovided the basis fo r the s ta tis tica l in form ation in this bulletin. The Bureau w ishes to exp ress s in cere apprec ia tion fo r the cooperation rece ived .

M ater ia l in this publication is in the public dom ain and m ay be r e produced without perm iss ion o f the F ed e ra l G overnm ent. P le a s e c red it the Bureau o f Labor Statistics and c ite the name and number o f this publication.

Note:A rep o rt on occupational earn ings in the Saginaw a rea is a va ilab le

fo r the laundry and d ry cleaning industry (N ovem b er 197 8). F r e e cop ies a re ava ilab le from the Bureau 's reg ion a l o ff ic e s . (See back c o ve r fo r ad d resses .)


AreaWageSurvey

Saginaw, Michigan, Metropolitan Area November 1978

U.S. Department of Labor Ray Marshall, Secretary

Bureau of Labor Statistics Janet L. Norwood Acting Commissioner

February 1979

Bulletin 2025-64

C ontents Page Page

Introduction__________________________________________ 2 Appendix A . Scope and method of su rvey_________ 9Appendix B. Occupational descriptions___________ 13

Tables:

A. Earnings, all establishments:A - l . Weekly earnings o f o ffice w orkers__ 3A -2 . Weekly earnings o f professional

and technical w o rk ers______________ 4A -3 . Average weekly earnings of

o ffice, professional, andtechnical w orkers, by s e x _________ 5

A - 4. Hourly earnings o f maintenance, toolroom , and powerplantworkers_______________________________ 6

A -5 . Hourly earnings o f m ateria lmovement and custodial w orkers__ 6

A - 6. Average hourly earnings ofmaintenance, toolroom , powerplant, m ateria l movement, andcustodial w orkers, by s e x _________ 7

A -7 . Percen t increases in average hourly earnings, adjusted for employment shifts, for selected occupational groups_________________ 8

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Introduction

Th is a rea is 1 o f 7 5 in which the U.S. D epartm ent o f L a b o r ’ s Bureau o f Lab or S ta tis tics conducts su rveys o f occupational earn ings and re la ted benefits . (See lis t o f areas on ins ide back c o v e r . ) In each a rea , occupational earn ings data (A - s e r ie s tab les ) are co lle c ted annually. In form ation on es tab lishm ent p ra c t ice s and supplem entary w age benefits (B -s e r ie s tab les ) is obtained e v e ry th ird y ea r. Th is rep o rt has no B -s e r ie s tab les .

Each y ea r a fte r a ll ind iv idua l a rea wage su rveys have been com p leted , two sum m ary bu lletins are issued. The f ir s t b rings to ge th er data fo r each m etropo litan a rea su rveyed ; the second p resen ts national and reg ion a l es tim a tes , p ro jec ted fro m individual m etropo litan a rea data, fo r a ll Standard M etropo litan S ta tis tica l A rea s in the United S tates, excluding A laska and H awaii.

A m a jo r con sideration in the a rea w age su rvey p ro g ra m is the need to d escr ib e the le v e l and m ovem ent o f w ages in a v a r ie ty o f labor m arkets , through the analysis o f (1 ) the le v e l and d istribu tion o f w ages by occupation, and (2) the m ovem ent o f w ages by occupational ca tegory and sk ill le v e l. The p rogram develops in fo rm ation that m ay be used fo r many purposes, including w age and sa la ry adm in istra tion , c o lle c t iv e barga in ing , and ass istance in determ in ing plant location . Su rvey resu lts a lso are used by the U.S. D epartm ent o f Labor to m ake wagd determ inations under the S e rv ic e Contract Act o f 1965.

2

A -s e r ie s tables

Tables A - 1 through A -6 p rov id e estim a tes o f s tra igh t-tim e w eek ly o r hourly earnings fo r w o rk ers in occupations com mon to a v a r ie ty o f m anufacturing and nonmanufacturing in du str ies . F o r the 31 la rg e s t su rvey a rea s , tables A -8 through A - 13 p rov id e s im ila r data fo r estab lishm ents em ploying 500 w orkers o r m ore .

Table A -7 p rovides percen t changes in a vera ge hourly earn ings o f o ff ic e c le r ic a l w o rk ers , e le c tro n ic data p rocess in g w o rk e rs , indu stria l nu rses , sk illed m aintenance trades w o rk e rs , and unskilled plant w o rk e rs . W here possib le, data are p resen ted fo r a ll industries and fo r m anufacturing and nonmanufacturing sepa ra te ly . Data a re not p resen ted fo r sk illed m aintenance w o rk ers in nonmanufacturing because the num ber o f w o rk ers em ployed in this occupational group in nonm anufacturing is too sm a ll to w arran t separate presentation . Th is tab le p rov id es a m easu re o f wage trends a fter e lin im ation o f changes in a ve ra ge earn ings caused by em p loy m ent shifts among estab lishm ents as w e ll as tu rn over o f estab lishm ents included in su rvey sam ples. F o r fu rth er d e ta ils , see appendix A.

Appendixes

Appendix A describes the m ethods and concepts used in the a rea w age survey p rogram and p rov ides in fo rm ation on the scope o f the su rvey .

Appendix B p rovides job descrip tion s used by Bureau fie ld econom ists to c la ss ify w orkers by occupation.


A. EarningsTable A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Saginaw, Mich., November 1978

Weekly earning^^" (standard) N u m ber o f w o rk e rs r e c e iv in g s t ra ig h t- t im e w eek ly ea rn in gs o f—

Number Average A * * * s S S % % 1 * s s * S s % % % * ftweekly 100 110 120 1 30 140 150 160 170 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400 420

workers hours * (standard) Mean2 Median2 Middle range2 and

under - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - and

110 120 130 1 40 150 160 17 0 1 80j 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400 420 ove r

$ $ $ $1 A 1 3 9 . 0 2 9 3 . 5 0 2 9 3 . 5 0 2 2 0 . 0 0 - 3 6 1 . 5 0 - - 3 ~ 7 4 11 10 9 3 11 21 12 7 6 i i 9 9 8

54 3 8 . 0 2 3 3 . 0 0 2 2 6 . 5 0 1 7 7 . 0 0 - 2 9 3 . 0 0 - 3 - - 7 4 8 3 4 “ 8 10 5 i i “ “ ~

36 3 9 . 5 2 8 9 . 5 0 3 0 9 . 0 0 1 8 4 . 0 0 - 3 9 3 . 0 0 - - - 1 - - 3 3 7 _ 1 - i 1 2 2 2 i b b -

15 3 8 . 5 1 9 1 . 0 0 1 8 0 . 0 3 1 7 0 . 0 0 - 1 9 1 . 0 0 - 1 - 3 3 6 - 1 ~ “ ~ i ~ ~

47 3 9 . 5 3 0 9 . 5 0 3 1 3 . 0 0 2 9 1 . 0 0 - 3 5 4 . 5 0 - - - - - * 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 10 10 5 4 7 3 - -

39 3 8 . 0 2 3 9 . 0 0 2 4 1 . 0 0 2 0 7 . 0 0 - 2 7 8 . 0 0 - - - 2 - - 2 - 2 7 6 3 7 10 - - - - - -

53 4 0 . 0 2 2 0 . 0 0 2 2 0 . 0 0 1 5 7 . 5 0 - 2 8 1 . 5 0 - _ 6 4 2 2 3 4 2 3 3 4 b 9 2 2 1 - - - -25 3 9 . 5 1 9 3 . 5 0 1 7 6 . 5 0 1 5 2 • Q 0 ~ 2 1 8 * 5 0 “ ~ ~ 4 2 2 3 4 1 3 1 2 3 “ “

23 4 0 . 0 1 8 5 . 0 0 1 4 8 . 0 0 1 3 1 . 5 0 - 2 2 0 . 5 0 - - 6 4 2 - - - 2 2 2 - 2 3 - - - - - - -

30 3 9 . 5 2 4 6 . 5 0 2 6 0 . 0 0 1 7 9 . 5 0 - 2 8 9 . 0 0 - - - - - 2 3 4 - 1 1 4 4 6 2 2 1 - - - -

66 3 9 . 0 1 5 9 . 0 0 1 4 6 . 0 0 1 1 7 . 0 0 - 1 7 9 . 5 0 12 8 5 4 5 8 1 6 4 7 1 - i 2 - 2 - - - - -

34 4 0 . 0 1 7 4 . 0 0 1 7 2 . 0 0 1 0 6 . 0 0 - 2 0 6 . 0 0 12 - - - 2 - 1 5 3 6 1 - - 2 - 2 - - - - -32 3 8 . 0 1 4 3 . 0 0 1 3 3 . 0 0 1 2 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 4 . 0 0 _ 8 5 4 3 8 1 1 1 - 1 “ - ” ”

15 3 9 . 5 2 1 4 . 5 0 1 8 6 . 5 0 1 5 4 . 0 0 - 2 8 2 . 0 0 - - - - - 6 - 1 2 1 - - 1 2 - 2 - - - - -

51 3 9 . 0 1 4 2 . 5 0 1 3 0 . 0 3 1 1 7 . 0 0 - 1 7 2 . 0 0 12 8 5 4 5 2 1 5 2 6 1 - - - - - - - - - -

77 3 8 . 5 1 4 4 . 0 0 1 4 2 . 5 0 1 2 4 . 5 0 - 1 4 4 . 0 0 6 i i 7 5 34 4 3 1 2 - _ i - 3 - - - - - - -73 3 8 . 5 1 4 1 . 0 3 1 4 2 . 5 0 1 2 4 . 5 0 - 1 4 2 . 5 0 6 i i 7 5 34 4 2 1 “ - " “ 3 “ ”

38 3 9 . 5 1 6 5 . 5 0 1 6 0 . 5 3 1 3 0 . 0 0 - 1 8 1 . 0 0 - 3 3 8 3 2 3 3 9 1 _ - i i - - i - - - -

16 4 0 . 0 2 0 1 . 0 3 1 8 1 . 0 0 1 7 7 . 0 0 - 1 8 8 . 5 0 - - - - 1 3 - 8 1 ~ - i 1 - - 1 - - - -22 3 9 . 5 1 3 9 . 5 0 1 3 3 . 5 0 1 2 4 . 0 0 - 1 4 2 . 0 0 3 3 8 3 1 - 3 1 “ - - -

38 3 9 . 5 1 6 7 . 5 0 1 6 6 . 0 0 1 3 4 . 5 0 - 1 8 6 . 0 0 - 1 9 - 1 2 9 4 7 1 3 1 - - - - - - - - -

32 3 9 . 5 1 5 8 . 0 0 1 6 6 . 0 0 1 2 7 . 0 0 - 1 7 7 . 0 0 - 1 9 - 1 2 8 4 6 1

213 3 9 . 5 2 0 8 . 5 0 1 9 1 . 0 0 1 5 5 . 5 0 - 2 5 2 . 0 0 6 4 16 7 b 17 24 20 17 30 10 5 5 i i 7 4 14 10 - - -107 4 0 . 0 2 3 3 . 0 0 2 0 2 . 0 0 1 6 3 . 0 0 - 3 3 1 . 5 0 6 - 8 - - 7 9 10 1 17 10 i i 7 2 4 14 10 - - -106 3 9 . 5 1 8 4 . 0 0 1 7 0 . 0 0 1 5 1 . 0 0 - 2 0 0 . 0 0 4 8 7 6 10 15 10 16 13 - 4 4 4 5 - - - -

113 3 9 . 5 2 4 7 . 0 0 2 1 5 . 5 0 1 9 4 . 0 0 - 3 0 5 . 5 0 - - - 4 2 5 14 10 23 10 i i 10 b 4 13 10 - _ -

68 3 9 . 5 2 7 2 . 5 0 2 7 2 . 5 0 2 0 2 . 0 0 - 3 4 9 . 0 0 - - - - - - 10 1 12 10 i - b 1 4 13 10 - - -45 3 9 . 0 2 0 8 . 0 0 1 9 8 . 0 0 1 7 3 . 0 0 - 2 1 5 . 5 0 “ 4 2 5 4 9 11 - i 4 5 - - - “ -

100 3 9 . 5 1 6 5 . 0 0 1 5 9 . 0 0 1 2 7 . 5 0 - 1 7 2 . 5 0 6 4 16 7 2 1 5 1 9 6 7 7 - 4 4 i 1 - 1 - - - -39 4 0 . 0 1 6 4 . 0 0 1 5 5 . 5 0 1 2 6 . 5 0 - 1 6 5 . 0 0 6 - 8 - - 7 9 - - 5 - - i i 1 - 1 - - - -61 3 9 . 5 1 6 6 . 0 0 1 6 0 . 0 0 1 3 5 . 0 0 - 1 8 0 . 0 0 4 8 7 2 8 10 6 7 2 - 4 3 " - “

32 4 0 . 0 1 7 8 . 5 0 1 8 0 . 0 0 1 4 7 . 0 0 - 1 9 6 . 5 0 - 8 - - - i 2 4 9 5 - - i i - i - - - - -

20 4 0 . 0 1 6 7 . 5 0 1 6 5 . 0 0 1 1 7 . 5 0 - 1 9 9 . 5 0 “ 8 i 2 i 3 3 - i i “ ~ “

90 3 9 . 5 2 0 5 . 5 0 1 7 3 . 5 0 1 4 4 . 0 0 - 2 6 2 . 5 0 - 5 10 7 8 10 3 7 4 2 6 7 4 2 3 4 4 - - -53 4 0 . 0 2 4 0 . 0 0 2 5 7 . 0 0 1 6 9 . 5 0 - 2 9 2 . 5 0 - - 8 - - 10 1 1 3 2 4 7 4 2 3 4 4 - - -37 3 9 . 0 1 5 5 . 5 0 1 5 3 . 0 0 1 3 2 . 5 0 - 1 7 6 . 5 0 4 " 5 2 7 8 2 6 1 “ 2 ” “ - - “ “

75 3 9 . 5 1 8 2 . 0 0 1 6 9 . 5 0 1 3 8 . 0 0 - 2 1 8 . 5 0 4 - 5 10 7 8 10 2 7 4 1 5 7 4 1 _ _ _ _39 4 0 . 0 2 0 7 . 0 0 1 8 3 . 5 0 1 6 8 . 5 0 - 2 6 2 . 5 0 - - 8 - 10 1 1 3 1 3 7 4 1 - - - - _ _36 3 9 . 5 1 5 5 . 0 0 1 5 1 . 0 0 1 3 1 . 0 0 - 1 7 7 . 5 0 4 5 2 7 8 1 6 1 2 ~ ~ ■ - - -

Occupation and industry division

ALL WORKERS

SECRETARIES ----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------

SECRETARIES. CLASS B -------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------

SECRETARIES. CLASS C -------------

SECRETARIES. CLASS 0 -------------

STENOGRAPHERS -------------------------NONM ANUF A C T U R I M B -----------------

STENOGRAPHERS. GENERAL -----------

STENOGRAPHERS. SENIOR ------------

TYPISTS ---------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------

TYPISTS. CLASS A -------------------

TYPISTS. CLASS B -------------------

FILE CLERKS ----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------

SUITCHBOARO OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTSMANUFACTURING ---------------------NONMANUF A C T U R I N G -----------------

ORDER CLERKS --------------------------

ORDER CLERKS. CLASS B -------------

ACCOUNTING CLERKS --------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS A ------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS 8 ------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

PAYROLL CLERKS ------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------

KEY ENTRY OPERATORS ------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS B ---MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

See fo o tn o tes at end o f ta b le s .

3Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Table A-2. Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers in Saginaw, Mich., November 1978Weekly earnings^™

(standard)N u m ber o f w o rk e rs r e c e iv in g s tra igh t- tim e w eek ly earn ings o f—

Occupation and industry divisionNumber

ofwoiken

Averageweeklyhours1

(standard) Mean2 Median2 Middle range 2

s160

andunder

170

%

170

180

4180

190

£190

200

S200

210

£213

220

£220

2 A 0

S240

260

s260

280

s280

300

£300

320

A320

3A0

S340

3 6 0

S360

380

£380

A00

S400

A20

tA 20

443

£440

A60

t460

480

*4 8 0

5 0 0

£500

520

A L L WORKERS

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) --- AO 3 9 . 5 1 6 9 . 5 0$A 0 A . 5 0

$ $ 2 6 A . 0 0 - A A A . 0 0 1 2 4 2 1 1 3 1 1 3 3 7 2 3 3 3

COMPUTER OPERATORS -------------------- 3A 3 9 . 0 3 0 5 . 5 0 3 3 3 . 5 0 2 0 0 . 0 0 - 3 9 3 . 5 0 3 2 1 3 1 - 5 - 1 - 1 - 1 4 6 i 3 1 - 1 -

COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS B ------ 23 3 9 . 5 2 9 8 . 0 0 3 5 A .50 1 9 8 . 5 0 - 3 8 6 . 0 0 3 1 1 1 1 - 3 - 1 - - ~ 1 4 5 i 1 ~ - - -

DRAFTERS -------------------------------- 91 4 0 . 0 2 6 7 . 5 0 2 A 9 . 5 0 1 9 6 . 0 0 - 3 2 7 . 0 0 - 6 16 1 10 i 6 6 7 8 5 6 5 i 8 2 2 1 - - -MANUFACTURING ---------------------- 91 AO. 0 2 6 7 . 5 0 2 A 9 . 5 0 1 9 6 . 0 0 - 3 2 7 . 0 0 ~ 6 16 1 10 i 6 6 7 8 5 6 5 i 8 2 2 1 ”

DRAFTERS. C LASS B ------------------ 46 AO. 0 2 8 2 . 0 0 2 7 6 . 0 0 2 0 7 . 0 0 ~ 3 A 2 . 5 0 - - 8 - 6 i 2 3 4 5 1 3 4 - 5 1 2 1 - - -MANUFACTURING ---------------------- 46 AO. 0 2 8 2 . 0 0 2 7 6 . 0 0 2 0 7 . 0 0 ~ 3 A 2 . 5 0 ~ 8 6 i 2 3 4 5 1 3 4 ~ 5 1 2 1 ~ ~ ~

ORAFTERS. C LASS C ------------------ 36 AO . 0 2 2 8 . 5 0 2 0 2 . 0 0 1 9 0 . 0 0 - 2 6 0 . 0 0 - 6 8 1 4 - 4 3 3 3 - 2 1 - i - - - - - -MANUFACTURING ---------------------- 36 AO . 0 2 2 8 . 5 0 2 0 2 . 0 0 1 9 0 . 0 0 - 2 6 0 . 0 0 6 8 1 4 4 3 3 3 2 1 i

See foo tn otes at end o f tab les,


Table A-3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex,in Saginaw, Mich., November 1978

Sex, 3 occupation, and industry divisionNumber

ofworker*

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS -

SECRETARIES ---------------

SECRETARIES* CLASS 8 —

STENOGRAPHERS -------------NONMANUF A C T U R I N S -----

STENOGRAPHERS* GENERAL

STENOGRAPHERS. SENIOR

TYPISTS --------------------MANUFACTURING ---------NONMANUFACTURING --------

TYPISTS. CLASS A ------

TYPISTS. CLASS B ------

FILE CLERKS ---------------NONMANUFACTURINS ----

WOMEN

119

35

5325

23

30

663932

15

51

7571

Average(mean2)


ofworkers

Weeklyhours

(standard)

Weeklyearnings1(standard)

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS -$ WOMEN— CONTINUED

39. 5 299.00SWITCHBOARO OPERA TOR-RECEPTIONISTS- 38

39. 5 287.50 MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------- 16NONMANUFACTURINS --------------------------------------- 22

AO. 0 220.0039. 5 193.50 OROER CLERKS --------------------------------------------------------- 31

n o . a 185.00 ORDER CLERKS. CLASS 8 ---------------------------- 30

39.5 246.50 ACCOUNTING CLERKS -------------------------------------------- 200MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------- 95

39.0 159.00 NONMANUFACTURING ------------------ 10540. 0 174.0038. 0 143.00 ACCOUNTING CLERKSt CLASS A ------- 103

MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------- 5939. 5 21 A.5 0 NONMANUFACTURINS --------------------------------------- 44

39. 0 1 A 2 . 5 0 ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS 8 --------------- 97MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------- 36

38 • 5 1 A A . 0 0 NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------- 6138. 0 1A1.00

PAYROLL CLERKS --------------------------------------------------- 31MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------- 19

Average(mean2)


ofworkers

Average(mean2)

Weeklyhours1

(standard)


Weeklyhours1

(standard)


OFFICE OCCUPATIONS -WOMEN— CONTINUED

$ $39.5 165.50 KEY ENTRY OPERATORS ------------------ 84 90.0 205.50AO. 0 201.00 MANUFACTURING ---------------------- 53 90. 0 290.0039.5 139.50 NONMANUFACTURINS ------------------ 31 39.5 147.00

39. 5 160.00 KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS B ---- 69 40. 0 181.00MANUFACTURING ---------------------- 39 90. 0 207.00

39.5 156.50 NONMANUFACTURINS ------------------ 30 39. 5 196.50

39.5 202.50AO. 0 223.00 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL39.5 183.50 OCCUPATIONS - MEN

39.5 238.00 DRAFTERS -------------------------------- 83 90. 0 273.5039.5 260.50 MANUFACTURING ---------------------- 83 90. 0 273.5039.0 208.50

DRAFTERS. CLASS 8 ------------------ 46 40.0 282.0039.5 16A.0 0 MANUFACTURING ---------------------- 96 40. 0 282.00AO.O 161.0039. 5 166.00 DRAFTERS. CLASS C ------------------ 28 90. 0 239.50

MANUFACTURING ---------------------- 28 90. 0 239.50AO. 0 175.50AO.O 162.00

S ee fo o tn o tes at end o f ta b le s .


N O T E : Data fo r m a in tenance and p ow erp lan t w o rk e rs do notm ee t pu b lica tion c r i t e r ia .

Table A-4. Hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, and powerplant workersin Saginaw, Mich., November 1978

Table A-5. Hourly earnings of material movement and custodial workers in Saginaw, Mich., November 1978


Table A-6. Average hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, powerplant, material movement, and custodial workers,by sex, in Saginaw, Mich., November 1978

Sex , 3 occupation , and industry d iv is io nNumber

ofworkers

Average (mean* ) hourly

earnings4Sex, 3 occupation , and in du stry d iv is io n

Numberof

workers

Average (mean2 ) hourly

earnings 4

MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIAL AATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIALOCCUPATIONS - MEN OCCUPATIONS - MEN— CONTINUED

TRUCKDRIVERS ----------------------------------------------------------- 1 AD$7.31 JANITORS. PORTERS. AND CLEANERS: $

75 6 • A 0 avTwn. n u r * 0 1 un 1 6T»

WAREHOUSEAE N ----------------------------------------------------------- 79 6 . 02

GUAROS AND UATCHAEN ---------------------------------------- 2«4 f>. 20 MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIALOCCUPATIONS - WOMEN

JANITORS. PORTERS. AND CLEANERS ------- 72 5 . 97

See foo tn otes at end o f tab les.


Table A-7. Percent increases in average hourly earnings, adjusted for employment shifts.for selected occupational groups in Saginaw, Mich., for selected periods

In du stry and occu pationa l group 5N o vem b e r 1974

toN o vem b e r 1975

N o vem b e r 1975 to

N o vem b e r 1976

N ovem b er 1976 to

N ovem b er 1977

N o v e m b e r 1977 to

N o v e m b e r 1978

A l l in d u str ies :O ffic e c le r ic a l 7.9 7.2 6.7 9.4E le c tro n ic data p ro c e s s in g _____________________________ ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 )In d u str ia l n u rses_________________________________________ ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6) ( 6 )Sk illed m a in tenance tra d es_____________________________ ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6 )U n sk illed plant w o rk e rs 10.1 10.2 7.4 8.3

M anufactu ring:O ffic e c l e r i c a l ____________________________________________ ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 )E le c tro n ic data p ro c e s s in g _____________________________ ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 )In d u str ia l n u rses ( ‘ ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 )S k illed m a in tenance tra d es_____________________________ ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 )U n sk illed plant w o rk e rs ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 )

N onm anu factu ring:O ffic e c l e r i c a l ________ _______ ______ __ _ _____ ___ ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 )E le c tr o n ic data p ro c e s s in g _____________________________ ( ‘ ) ( 6 ) ( ) ( 6 )In d u s tr ia l nu rses__________________________________________ ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 )U n sk illed plant w o rk e r s _________________________________ ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 )

Footnotes 1 2

1 Standard hours r e f le c t the w o rk w eek fo r wh ich em p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir r e g u la r s tra ig h t- t im e sa la r ie s (e x c lu s iv e o f pay fo r o v e r t im e at r e g u la r and/or p rem iu m r a te s ) , and the ea rn in gs c o rresp on d to these w eek ly hours.

2 The m ean is com puted fo r each job by to ta lin g the ea rn in gs o f a ll w o rk e rs and d iv id in g by the num ber o f w o rk e rs . The m ed ian d es ign a tes pos ition — h a lf o f the w o rk e rs r e c e iv e the sam e o r m o re and h a lf r e c e iv e the sam e o r le s s than, the ra te shown. The m id d le range is de fin ed by two ra tes o f pay; a fou rth o f the w o rk e rs ea rn the sam e o r le s s than the lo w e r o f th ese ra tes and a fourth ea rn the sam e o r m o re than the h igh er ra te.

3 E arn ings data r e la te on ly to w o rk e rs w hose sex id en t if ic a t io n w as p r o v i d e d by the estab lish m en t.

4 E xcludes p rem iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w o rk on w eeken ds , h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts .5 E s tim a tes fo r p er iod s ending p r io r to 1976 re la te to m en on ly fo r s k ille d m a in tenance and

u n sk illed plant w o rk ers . A l l o ther es tim a tes re la te to m en and w om en.6 Data do not m eet pub lica tion c r i t e r ia o r data not a va ila b le .


Appendix A.Scope and Method of Survey

In each o f the 75 1 a reas cu rren tly surveyed, the Bureau obtains w ages and re la ted benefits data fro m rep resen ta tive estab lishm ents w ith in s ix broad industry d iv is ion s : M anufacturing; transportation , com m unication,and other public u tilit ie s ; w h o lesa le trade; re ta il trade; finance, insurance, and rea l estate; and s e rv ic e s . G overnm ent operations and the construction and ex tra c tiv e indu stries a re excluded. Establishm ents having few er than a p re s c r ib ed num ber o f w o rk e rs a re also excluded because o f insu ffic ien t em ploym ent in the occupations studied. Appendix table 1 shows the number o f estab lishm en ts and w o rk e rs estim ated to be within the scope o f this su rvey , as w e ll as the num ber actually studied.

Bureau fie ld rep resen ta tives obtain data by person a l v is its at 3 -y ea r in terva ls . In each o f the two in terven ing y ea rs , in form ation on em ploym ent and occupational earn ings only is co llec ted by a com bination of p erson a l v is it , m a il qu estion n a ire , and telephone in terv iew fro m es tab lish m ents p a rtic ipa tin g in the p rev iou s survey.

A sam ple o f the estab lishm ents in the scope o f the su rvey is se lec ted fo r study p r io r to each persona l v is it survey. Th is sam ple, less estab lishm en ts w h ich go out o f business or a re no longer w ith in the industria l scope o f the su rvey , is reta ined fo r the fo llow in g two annual su rveys . In m ost ca ses , estab lishm en ts new to the a rea are not con sidered in the scope o f the su rvey until the se lec tio n o f a sam ple fo r a person a l v is it survey.

yh e sam pling p roced u res invo lve detailed s tra tifica tion o f a ll estab lishm ents w ith in the scope o f an individual area su rvey by industry and num ber o f em p loyees . F ro m th is s tra tified un iverse a p rob ab ility sam ple is s e lec ted , w ith each estab lishm ent having a p redeterm ined chance o f se lec tion . To obtain optim um accuracy at m inim um cost, a g re a te r p r o portion o f la rg e than sm a ll estab lishm ents is se lected . When data are com bined, each estab lishm en t is w eighted accord ing to its p robab ility of s e lec tio n so that unbiased estim a tes are generated. F o r exam p le, i f one out o f fou r estab lishm en ts is s e lec ted , it is g iven a weight o f 4 to rep resen t i t s e l f plus th ree o th ers . An a lternate o f the same o r ig in a l p rob ab ility is chosen in the sam e in d u s try -s iz e c la ss ifica t io n if data a re not ava ilab le fro m the o r ig in a l sam ple m em b er. I f no suitable substitute is a va ilab le , add itional w eigh t is ass igned to a sam ple m em ber that is s im ila r to the m iss in g unit.

1 Included in the 75 areas are 5 studies conducted by the Bureau under contract. These areas are Akron, Ohio; Birmingham, A la .; Norfolk—Virgin ia Beach—Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Va. —N .C . ; Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N . Y . ; and Utica— Rome, N .Y . In addition, the Bureau conducts more lim ited area studies in approximately 100 areas at the request of the Employment Standards Administration of the U. S. Department of Labor.

Occupations and earnings

Occupations se lected fo r study are com mon to a va r ie ty o f m anufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries , and are o f the fo llow ing types: (1)O ffic e c le r ic a l; (2) p ro fess ion a l and techn ica l; (3) m aintenance, too lroom , and powerplant; and (4) m a te r ia l m ovem ent and custodial. Occupational c la ss ifica t io n is based on a un iform set o f job descrip tion s designed to take account o f in ter estab lishm ent varia tion in duties w ith in the sam e job. Occupations se lected fo r study are lis ted and describ ed in appendix B.

Unless o th erw ise indicated, the earn ings data fo llow ing the job t it le s a re fo r a ll industries com bined. Earn ings data fo r som e o f the occupations lis ted and d escrib ed , or fo r som e industry d iv isions within the scope o f the su rvey , a re not p resen ted in the A - s e r ie s tables because e ith er (1) em ploym ent in the occupation is too sm all to p rov ide enough data to m er it presen ta tion , o r (2) th ere is p o ss ib ility o f d isc losu re o f individual estab lishm ent data. Separate m en 's and w om en 's earn ings data are not p resen ted when the number o f w o rk ers not id en tified by sex is 20 percent or m ore o f the men or wom en iden tified in an occupation. Earnings data not shown sepa ra te ly fo r industry d iv is ions a re included in data fo r a ll industries com bined. ‘ L ik ew is e , fo r occupations w ith m ore than one le v e l, data a re included in the o v e ra ll c la ss ific a t io n when a subclassification is not shown o r in form ation to su bc lass ify is not ava ilab le .

Occupational em ploym ent and earnings data a re shown fo r fu ll- t im e w o rk e rs , i.e ., those h ired to w ork a regu la r w eek ly schedule. Earnings data exclude p rem iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and la te sh ifts . Nonproduction bonuses a re excluded, but cos t-o f- liv in g allow ances and incentive bonuses a re included. W eek ly hours fo r o ffic e c le r ic a l and p ro fess ion a l and techn ica l occupations r e fe r to the standard w orkw eek (rounded to the n earest ha lf hour) fo r which em ployees re ce iv e regu la r s tra igh t-tim e sa la r ie s (e x c lu s iv e o f pay fo r o ve rtim e at regu lar and/or p rem iu m ra tes ). A v e ra g e w eek ly earn ings fo r these occupations are rounded to the n earest ha lf d o lla r . V e r t ic a l lines w ithin the distribution o f w o rk ers on som e A -ta b le s indicate a change in the s ize o f the c lass in terva ls .

These su rveys m easu re the le v e l o f occupational earnings in an area at a pa rticu la r t im e . Com parisons o f ind ividual occupational averages over t im e m ay not r e fle c t expected w age changes. The averages for individual jobs a re a ffec ted by changes in w ages and em ploym ent patterns. F o r exam ple, p roportion s o f w o rk ers em ployed by h igh- or low -w age firm s may change, or h igh-w age w o rk e rs m ay advance to b etter jobs and be rep laced by new w o rk e rs at low er ra tes . Such shifts in em ploym ent could decrease an occu pational a ve ra ge even though m ost estab lishm ents in an arfea increase wages


during the y ea r. Changes in earn ings o f occupational groups, shown in tab le A -7 , a re b etter ind ica tors o f w age trends than a re earnings changes fo r individual jobs w ith in the groups.

A v e ra g e earn ings r e fle c t com posite , a reaw ide es tim ates. Industries and estab lishm ents d if fe r in pay le v e l and job sta ffing , and thus contribute d iffe ren tly to the estim a tes fo r each job . P ay ave ra ges m ay fa i l to re fle c t accu rate ly the w age d iffe re n tia l among jobs in ind ividual estab lishm ents.

A v e ra g e pay le v e ls fo r m en and wom en in se lec ted occupations should not be assum ed to r e f le c t d iffe ren ces in pay o f the sexes within individual estab lishm en ts. F a c to rs which m ay contribute to d iffe ren ces include p ro g re s s io n w ith in estab lished ra te ranges (on ly the ra tes paid incumbents a re co llec ted ) and p erfo rm an ce o f sp ec ific duties w ith in the gen era l su rvey job d escrip tion s . Job descrip tion s used to c la s s ify em p loyees in these su rveys usually a re m o re g en e ra liz ed than those used in individual establishm ents and a llow fo r m in or d iffe ren ces among estab lishm ents in spec ific duties p e rfo rm ed .

Occupational em ploym ent estim ates rep resen t the to ta l in a ll e s tab lishm ents w ithin the scope o f the study and not the number actua lly surveyed. Because occupational structu res among estab lishm ents d if fe r , es tim ates o f occupational em ploym ent obtained fro m the sam ple o f estab lishm ents studied se rve on ly to ind icate the re la t iv e im portance o f the jobs studied. These d iffe ren ces in occupational structure do not a ffec t m a te r ia lly the accu racy o f the earnings data.

W age trends fo r se lec ted occupational groups

The percen t in c reases presen ted in tab le A -7 are based on changes in average hourly earn ings o f men and women in estab lishm ents reportin g the trend jobs in both the current and prev iou s yea r (m atched estab lishm en ts ). The data a re adjusted to rem ove the e ffec ts on a ve ra ge earnings o f em p lo y ment shifts among estab lishm ents and tu rn over o f estab lishm ents included in su rvey sam ples. The p ercen t in c rea ses , h ow ever, a re s t i l l a ffec ted by factors other than w age in c rea ses . H ir in g s , la y o ffs , and tu rnover m ay a ffect an establishm ent a ve ra ge fo r an occupation when w o rk ers a re paid under plans p rov id in g a range o f wage ra tes fo r ind ividual jobs. In p eriods o f increased h ir in g , fo r exam ple, new em ployees m ay enter at the bottom o f the range, d ep ress in g the a ve ra ge without a change in w age ra tes .

The p ercen t changes re la te to w age changes between the indicated dates. When the t im e span betw een su rveys is other than 12 m onths, annual rates a re shown. (It is assum ed that w ages in crease at a constant rate between su rveys .)

Occupations used to com pute w age

O ffic e c le r ic a l

S ec re ta r ie sS ten ograph ers, g en era l S tenographers, sen ior T yp is ts , c la sses A

and BF ile c le rk s , c la sses A ,

B , and C M essen gers Sw itchboard opera tors

trends are :

O ffic e c le r ic a l— Continued

O rder c le rk s , c la sses A and B

Accounting c le rk s , c la sses A and B

Bookkeeping -m achine op e ra to rs , c lass B

P a y ro ll c le rk s K ey entry op era to rs ,

c lasses A and B

10

E lectron ic data p rocess in g

Computer system s analysts, c lasses A , B, and C

Computer p ro g ram m ers , c lasses A , B, and C

Computer op era tors , c lasses A , B , and C

Industrial nurses

R eg is te red industria l nurses

Percen t changes fo r i as fo llow s :

Sk illed m aintenance

C arpen tersE le c tr ic ia n sP a in tersM ach in istsM echan ics (m ach inery )M echan ics (m oto r veh ic le )P ip e fit te r sT oo l and die m akers

U n sk illed plant

Jan itors , p o r te rs , and c lean er s

M a te r ia l handling la b o re rs

areas in the p ro g ra m a re computed

1. A ve ra ge earnings are com puted fo r each occupation fo r the 2 yea rs being com pared . The a ve ra ges a re d e r iv ed from earnings in those estab lishm ents which a re in the survey both y ea rs ; it is assum ed that em ploym ent rem ains unchanged.

2. Each occupation is ass igned a w eight based on its p r o portionate em ploym ent in the occupational group in the base year.

3. These weights a re used to com pute group a ve ra ges . Each occupation 's a ve ra ge earn ings (com puted in step 1) is m u ltip lied by its w eigh t. The products a re to ta led to obtain a group a vera ge .

4. The ratio o f group a ve ra ges fo r 2 con secu tive y ea rs is computed by d ivid ing the a ve ra ge for the cu rren t y ea r byf the average for the e a r l ie r y ea r. The resu lt— exp ressed as a percent— less 100 is the p ercen t change.

F or a m ore deta iled d escrip tion o f the m ethod used to com pute these w age trends, see "Im prov in g A r e a W age Survey In d e x e s ," M onth ly Labor R e v ie w , January 1973, pp. 52-57.

Establishm ent p ractices and supp lem entary w age p rov is ion s

Tabulations on se lected estab lishm ent p ra c t ice s and supplem entary w age p rov is ion s (B -s e r ie s tab les ) a re not p resen ted in th is bu lletin . In fo r m ation fo r these tabulations is c o lle c ted at 3 -yea r in terva ls . These tabulations on m inim um entrance sa la r ie s fo r in experien ced o ff ic e w o rk e rs ; shift d iffe ren tia ls ; scheduled w eek ly hours and days; paid ho lidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans a re p resen ted (in the B -s e r ie s tab les ) in previous bulletins fo r th is a rea .


Appendix table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studiedin Saginaw, Mich.,1 November 1978

In d u stry d iv is io n 2

M in im u m em p loym en t in e s ta b lis h

m ents in scope o f study

N u m ber o f es tab lish m en ts W o rk e rs in estab lish m en ts

W ith in scope o f study 1

Studied

W ith in scope o f study 4

StudiedNum ber P e rc e n t

» L L D I V I S I O N S ------------------------------------------------------------ H R 57 A 6 . 0 7 0 . _ 1 0 0 ... 4 0 . 6 0 8

m a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------------------------------------------------------- s o 46 17 3 3 . B62 74 3 0 * 8 4 8NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------------------------------- - 68 40 1 2 . 2 0 8 26 9? 760

t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , a n d

OTHER P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S 5 ------------------------------------ 50 5 5 3 . 2 2 6 7 3 . 2 2 6WHOLESALE T R A D E 6 --------------------------------------------------- 50 7 3 837 2 5 1 5r e t a i l TRADE6 --------------------------------------------------------- 50 34 1 9 5 . 6 6 5 12 4 . 2 0 1F I N A N C E . I N S U R A N C E . AND REAL E S T A T E 6 ------------ 50 11 6 1 * 4 9 2 3 1 . 1 4 4S E R V I C E S 6 7 --------------------------------------------------------------- 50 1 1 7 988 2 67 4

1 T h e Saginaw S tandard M e trop o litan S ta tis t ica l A r e a , as d e fin ed by the O f f ic e o f M an agem en t and Dudget through F eb ru a ry 1974, con s is ts o f Saginaw County. Th e "w o r k e r s w ith in scope o f study" es tim a tes shown in th is tab le p ro v id e a rea son a b ly a ccu ra te d esc r ip tion o f the s iz e and com p os ition o f the la b o r fo r c e in c lu ded in the su rv e y . E s tim a tes a re not in tended, h o w eve r , fo r com p a rison w ith o th e r em p loym en t indexes to m easu re em p loym ent tren ds o r le v e ls s in ce (1 ) p lann ing o f w age su rv e y s re q u ires estab lish m en t data com p iled con s id e ra b ly in advance o f the p a y r o l l p e r io d stud ied , and (2 ) sm a ll e s ta b lish m en ts a re excluded fr o m the scope o f the su rv e y .

2 T h e 1972 ed it ion o f the Standard In du stria l C la s s if ic a t io n M anual was used in c la s s ify in g e s tab lish m en ts by indu stry d iv is ion . H o w eve r , a ll govern m en t op e ra tion s a re exc lu d ed fr o m the scope o f the su rvey .

3 In cludes a ll e s tab lish m en ts w ith to ta l em p loym en t at o r above the m in im u m lim ita t io n . A l l ou tle ts (w ith in the a rea ) o f com pan ies in in d u str ies such as tra d e ,

fin an ce , auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e , and m otion p ic tu re th ea te rs a re c o n s id e red as one es tab lish m en t.

4 Includes a ll w o rk e rs in a ll es tab lish m en ts w ith to ta l em p loym en t (w ith in the a r e a ) at o r above the m in im um lim ita tion .

5 A b b re v ia ted to "p u b lic u t i l i t ie s " in the A - s e r ie s ta b le s . T a x ica b s and s e r v ic e s in c id en ta l to w a te r tran sp o rta tion a re exc luded . S ag in aw 's tra n s it s ys tem is m u n ic ip a lly owned and is exc lu ded by d e fin ition fr o m the scope o f the study.

6 S epara te p resen ta tion o f data is not m ade fo r th is d iv is ion .7 H ote ls and m o te ls ; lau n d ries and o th er p e rso n a l s e r v ic e s ; bu s in ess s e r v ic e s ;

au tom ob ile r e p a ir , ren ta l, and park in g ; m otion p ic tu re s ; n on p ro fit m em b ersh ip o rga n iza tion s (exc lu d in g r e lig io u s and ch a ritab le o rg a n iza t io n s ); and en g in eer in g and a rch ite c tu ra l s e r v ic e s .


Appendix B.OccupationalDescriptions

The p r im a ry purpose o f p reparing job descrip tions fo r the B ureau 's w age su rveys is to ass is t its fie ld sta ff in c la ss ify in g into appropria te occupations w o rk e rs who are em ployed under a va r ie ty o f p a y ro ll t it le s and d iffe ren t w ork arrangem ents from establishm ent to estab lishm ent and fro m a rea to area . This perm its the grouping o f occupational w age ra tes rep resen ting com parable job content. Because o f th is em phasis on in terestab lishm en t and in terarea com parab ility o f occupational content, the Bureau 's job descrip tions may d iffe r s ign ifican tly fro m those in use in ind ividual establishm ents or those p repared fo r other purposes. In applying these job descrip tion s, the Bureau 's fie ld econom ists a re instructed to exclude work ing su perv isors ; appren tices; and p a r t- t im e , tem p o ra ry , a n d probationary w o rk ers . Handicapped w o rk ers whose earn ings a re reduced because o f their handicap are a lso excluded. L e a rn e rs , beg in n ers , and tra in ees , unless sp ec ific a lly included in the job d escr ip tion , a re excluded.

OfficeS E C R E T A R Y

A ss ign ed as p erson a l s e c re ta ry , n o rm a lly to one ind ividual. M a in tains a c lo s e and h igh ly resp on s ive rela tionsh ip to the d ay-to -day w ork o f the su p e rv iso r . W ork s fa ir ly independently rece iv in g a m inim um o f deta iled su p erv is ion and gu idance. P e r fo rm s va r ied c le r ic a l and s e c re ta r ia l duties, u su a lly including m ost o f the fo llo w in g ;

a. R e ce iv e s te lephone ca lls , p erson a l c a lle rs , and incom ing m a il, an sw ers routine in q u ir ies , and routes techn ica l inqu iries to the p rop er p erson s ;

b. E s tab lish es , m ain ta ins, and r e v is e s the su p erv iso r 's f i le s ;

c. M aintains the s u p e rv is o r 's ca lendar and m akes appointments as instru cted ;

d. R e la ys m essa ges fro m su perv isor to subordinates;

e . R ev iew s corresp on den ce , m em oranda, and reports p repared by o th ers fo r the s u p e rv is o r 's signature to assu re p rocedu ra l and typograph ic accu racy ;

f. P e r fo rm s stenograph ic and typing w ork .

S E C R E T A R Y — Continued

M ay a lso p e r fo rm other c le r ic a l and s e c re ta r ia l tasks o f com parable nature and d ifficu lty . The w ork typ ica lly requ ires knowledge o f o ffic e routine and understanding o f the organ iza tion , p rogram s , and procedures rela ted to the w ork o f the su p erv isor.

Exclusions

N ot a ll positions that a re titled "s e c r e ta r y " possess the above ch a ra c te r is t ic s . E xam ples o f positions which are excluded fro m the defin ition are as fo llo w s :

a. Pos ition s which do not m eet the "p e rs o n a l" secre ta ry concept d escr ib ed above;

b. Stenographers not fu lly tra ined in s e c re ta r ia l-typ e duties;

c. S tenographers serv in g as o ffic e assistants to a group o f p ro fe s sional, techn ica l, o r m an ageria l persons;

d. S e c re ta ry positions in which the duties a re e ither substantially m ore routine o r substantia lly m ore com p lex and respon s ib le than those ch ara c te r ized in the defin ition ;


SECRETARY— Continued

Exclusions— Continued

e. A ss is tan t-typ e positions which in vo lve m ore d ifficu lt or m ore respon s ib le techn ica l, adm in is tra tive , su p erv iso ry , o r sp ec ia lized c le r ic a l duties which are not typ ica l o f s e c re ta r ia l w ork.

N O TE : The te rm "co rp o ra te o f f ic e r , " used in the le v e l defin itionsfo llow in g , r e fe r s to those o f f ic ia ls who have a s ign ifican t corpora tew ide policym ak ing ro le with rega rd to m a jo r com pany a c t iv it ie s . The t it le "v ic e pres iden t, " though n o rm a lly ind ica tive o f this r o le , does not in a ll cases iden tify such positions. V ice p res iden ts whose p r im a ry resp on s ib ility is to act p erson a lly on ind ividual cases o r transactions (e .g ., approve o r deny individual loan or c red it actions; adm in is ter ind ividual tru st accounts; d ire c t ly su perv ise a c le r ic a l sta ff) a re not con sidered to be "co rp o ra te o f f ic e r s " fo r purposes o f applying the fo llow in g le v e l d e fin ition s .

C lass A

1. S ec re ta ry to the chairm an o f the board or p res iden t o f a com pany that em p loys, in a ll, o v e r 100 but few e r than 5,000 p erson s ; or

2. S ec re ta ry to a co rp ora te o f f ic e r (o ther than the chairm an o f the board or p res id en t) o f a com pany that em p loys , in a ll, o v e r 5, 000 but few e r than 25,000 p erson s ; or

3. S ec re ta ry to the head, im m ed ia te ly be low the co rp ora te o f f ic e r le v e l, o f a m a jo r segm ent or subsid iary o f a com pany that em p loys , in a ll, o v e r 25,000 p e rson s . * 1

C lass B

1. S ec re ta ry to the chairm an o f the board or p res iden t o f a com pany that em p loys, in a ll, fe w e r than 100 p erson s ; or

2. S ec re ta ry to a co rp ora te o f f ic e r (o ther than the chairm an o f the board or p res id en t) o f a com pany that em p loys , in a ll, o v e r 100 but few e r than 5,000 p erson s ; o r

3. S ec re ta ry to the head, im m ed ia te ly be low the o f f ic e r le v e l, o ve r e ith er a m a jo r corpora tion w ide functional a c tiv ity (e .g ., m arketin g, resea rch , operations, in du stria l re la tion s , e tc .) or a m a jo r geograph ic o r o rgan iza tion a l segm ent (e .g . , a reg ion a l headquarters; a m a jo r d iv is io n ) o f a company that em p loys, in a ll, o v e r 5,000 but few e r than 25,000 em p lo yees ; or

4. S ec re ta ry to the head o f an ind ividual plant, fa c to ry , etc. (o r other equ ivalent le v e l o f o f f ic ia l) that em p loys , in a ll, o v e r 5, 000 p erson s ; or

5. S ec re ta ry to the head o f a la rge and im portant organ iza tion a l segm ent (e .g ., a m idd le m anagem ent su p erv isor o f an o rgan iza tion a l segm ent often in vo lv in g as m any as s e v e ra l hundred p erson s ) o r a com pany that em p loys, in a ll, o v e r 25,000 p erson s .

SECRETARY— Continued

C lass C

1. S ecreta ry to an execu tive o r m an ageria l person whose resp on s ib ility is not equivalent to one o f the sp ec ific le v e l situations in the defin ition fo r c lass B, but whose organ iza tion a l unit n o rm a lly num bers at least s e ve ra l dozen em ployees and is usually d iv ided into o rgan iza tion a l segm ents which are often , in turn, further subdivided. In som e com panies, th is le v e l includes a w ide range o f organ iza tiona l echelons; in o th ers , on ly one or two; or

2. S ecretary to the head o f an ind iv idua l plant, fa c to ry , etc. (o r other equivalent le v e l o f o ff ic ia l) that em p loys , in a ll, few e r than 5, 000 p erson s .

C lass D

1. S ecreta ry to the su perv isor o r head o f a sm a ll o rgan iza tion a l unit (e .g . , few e r than about 25 or 30 p erson s ); 0£

2. S ecreta ry to a n onsu perv isory s t a f f sp ec ia lis t, p ro fess ion a lem p loyee , adm in istra tive o f f ic e r , o r ass istan t, sk illed techn ician, o r expert. (N O TE : Many com panies assign sten ograph ers, ra th er than s e c re ta r ie s asdescrib ed above, to this le v e l o f su p e rv iso ry o r n on su perv isory w o rk e r .)

STE N O G RA PH E R

P r im a ry duty is to take d ictation using shorthand, and to tran scr ib e the d ictation . May also type from w ritten copy. M ay operate fro m a stenograph ic pool. May occas ion a lly tra n sc r ib e fro m vo ic e reco rd in gs ( i f p r im a ry duty is tran scrib in g from reco rd in gs , see T ra n scrib in g -M ach in e T yp is t ).

N O T E : This job is d istingu ished fro m that o f a s e c re ta ry in that ase c re ta ry n orm ally w orks in a con fid en tia l re la tion sh ip with on ly one m anager o r execu tive and p erfo rm s m ore resp on s ib le and d is c re t io n a ry tasks as d escr ib ed in the sec re ta ry job defin ition .

Stenographer, G enera l

D ictation in vo lves a n orm a l routine vocabu lary . M ay m aintain f i le s , keep s im ple reco rd s , or p e rfo rm other r e la t iv e ly routine c le r ic a l tasks.

Stenographer, Senior

D ictation in vo lves a v a r ied tech n ica l dr sp ec ia liz ed vocabu lary such as in le ga l b r ie fs or rep o rts on s c ien tific r esea rch . M ay a lso set up and m aintain f i le s , keep reco rd s , etc.

OR

P e r fo rm s stenographic duties req u ir in g s ign ifican tly g re a te r in dependence and resp on s ib ility than sten ograph er, g en era l, as ev iden ced by the fo llow in g : W ork requ ires a high d eg ree o f stenograph ic speed and accu racy;a thorough working knowledge o f g en e ra l business and o ff ic e p roced u re ; and o f the spec ific business operations, o rgan iza tion , p o lic ie s , p roced u res , f i le s , w o rk flow , etc. Uses th is know ledge in p e r fo rm in g stenographic duties and respon s ib le c le r ic a l tasks such as m ainta in ing fo llow up f i le s ; assem b ling m a te r ia l fo r rep o rts , m em oranda, and le t te r s ; com posing s im p le le tte rs fro m gen era l instructions; reading and routing incom ing m a il; and answ ering routine questions, etc.


TRANSCRIBING-M ACHINE TYP IST

P r im a ry duty is to type copy o f vo ic e recorded d ictation which does not in vo lve v a r ied tech n ica l o r sp ec ia lized vocabu lary such as that used in le g a l b r ie fs o r rep o rts on sc ien tific research . M ay also type fro m w ritten copy. M ay m aintain f i le s , keep sim p le reco rd s , or p e rfo rm other re la t iv e ly routine c le r ic a l tasks. (See Stenographer defin ition fo r w o rk ers involved w ith shorthand d ictation .)

T Y P IS T

U ses a ty p ew r ite r to m ake cop ies o f various m a te r ia ls o r to make out b ills a fte r ca lcu la tions have been made by another person . M ay include typ ing o f s ten c ils , m ats , o r s im ila r m ateria ls fo r use in duplicating p ro c esses . M ay do c le r ic a l w o rk invo lv in g l it t le spec ia l tra in in g, such as keep ing s im p le reco rd s , f il in g reco rd s and rep orts , o r sorting and d istributing incom in g m a il.

C lass A . P e r fo rm s one o r m ore o f the fo llo w in g ; Typ ing m a te r ia l in fin a l fo rm when it in vo lves com bining m a te r ia l from s e ve ra l sou rces; or re sp o n s ib ility fo r c o r r e c t spellin g, sy llab ication , punctuation, e tc ., o f te ch n ica l o r unusual w ords o r fo re ign language m a te r ia l; o r planning layout and typing o f com p lica ted s ta t is t ic a l tab les to m aintain u n ifo rm ity and balance in spacing. M ay type routine fo rm le tte r s , varyin g deta ils to suit c ircu m stan ces .

C lass B . P e r fo rm s one o r m ore o f the fo llow in g : Copy typing fro mrough o r c le a r d ra fts ; o r routine typing o f fo rm s , insurance p o lic ie s , e tc .; o r setting up s im p le standard tabulations; o r copying m ore com p lex tables a lre a d y set up and spaced p ro p e r ly .

F IL E C L E R K

F ile s , c la s s if ie s , and re t r ie v e s m a te r ia l in an estab lished filin g system . M ay p e r fo rm c le r ic a l and manual tasks requ ired to m aintain f i le s . P os it io n s a re c la s s if ie d into le v e ls on the basis o f the fo llow in g defin ition s.

C lass A . C la s s if ie s and indexes f i le m a te r ia l such as co rresp on d ence, rep o rts , techn ica l docum ents, e tc ., in an estab lished filin g system containing a num ber o f v a r ied subject m atter f i le s . M ay a lso f i le this m a te r ia l. M ay keep re co rd s o f variou s types in conjunction with the f i le s . M ay lead a sm a ll group o f lo w e r le v e l f i le c le rk s .

C lass B. S orts , codes, and f i le s u n class ified m a te r ia l by sim ple (su b ject m a tte r ) headings o r p a r t ly c la s s ifie d m a te r ia l by f in e r subheadings. P re p a re s s im p le re la ted index and c ro s s - r e fe r e n c e aids. A s requested, lo ca tes c le a r ly id en tified m a te r ia l in f i le s and fo rw ards m a te r ia l. M ay p e r fo rm re la ted c le r ic a l tasks requ ired to m aintain and s e rv ic e f i le s .

C lass C . P e r fo rm s routine fil in g o f m a te r ia l that has a lread y been c la s s ifie d o r w h ich is e a s i ly c la s s ifie d in a sim ple s e r ia l c la ss ific a t io n sys tem (e .g . , a lphabetica l, ch ron o log ica l, o r n u m erica l). A s requested, lo ca tes r e a d ily a va ila b le m a te r ia l in f i le s and forw ards m a te r ia ls ; and m ay f i l l out w ith draw a l ch a rge . M ay p e r fo rm s im ple c le r ic a l and manual tasks req u ired to m ainta in and s e rv ic e f i le s .

15

MESSENGER

P e r fo rm s various routine duties such as running errands, operating m inor o ff ic e m achines such as sea le rs or m a ile rs , opening and distributing m a il, and other m inor c le r ic a l w ork . Exclude positions that requ ire o p e ra tion o f a m otor veh ic le as a s ign ificant duty.

SW ITCH BO ARD O P E R A TO R

O perates a telephone sw itchboard o r console used w ith a p riva te branch exchange (P B X ) system to re la y incom ing, outgoing, and in trasystem ca lls . M ay p ro v id e in form ation to c a lle rs , reco rd and transm it m essages, keep re co rd o f ca lls p laced and to ll charges. B esides operating a telephone sw itchboard or conso le , m ay a lso type o r p e r fo rm routine c le r ic a l w ork (typing or routine c le r ic a l w ork m ay occupy the m a jor portion o f the w o rk e r 's t im e , and is usually p e rfo rm ed w h ile at the sw itchboard or console). Chief o r lead opera tors in estab lishm ents em ploying m ore than one operator are excluded. F o r an op era tor who also acts as a recep tion is t, see Switchboard O pera tor -R ecep tion is t.

SW ITC H BO ARD O P E R A TO R -R E C E P T IO N IS T

At a s in g le -pos ition telephone sw itchboard or console, acts both as an opera tor— see Sw itchboard O perator— and as a recep tion ist. Reception ist's w ork in vo lves such duties as g ree tin g v is ito rs ; determ in ing nature o f v is ito r 's business and p rov id in g appropria te in form ation ; r e fe r r in g v is ito r to app rop ria te person in the o rgan iza tion or contacting that person by telephone and arrang ing an appointment; keeping a log o f v is ito rs .

ORDER C L E R K

R ece iv e s w ritten or v e rb a l cu stom ers ' purchase ord ers fo r m ateria l o r m erchand ise fro m custom ers or sa les people. W ork typ ica lly invo lves som e com bination o f the fo llow in g duties; Quoting p r ic es ; determ in ing a v a ilab ility o f o rd e red item s and suggesting substitutes when necessa ry ; advising expected d e liv e ry date and method o f d e liv e ry ; reco rd in g o rd er and custom er in form ation on o rd er sheets; checking o rd er sheets fo r accuracy and adequacy o f in form ation reco rded ; ascerta in ing cred it rating o f custom er; furn ish ing custom er w ith acknow ledgem ent o f rece ip t o f ord er; fo llow ing-up to see that o rd e r is d e liv e red by the spec ified date or to let custom er know o f a de lay in d e liv e ry ; m aintaining o rd e r f i le ; checking shipping invo ice against o r ig in a l o rd e r.

Exclude w o rk e rs paid on a com m iss ion basis or whose duties include any o f the fo llow in g : R ece iv in g o rd ers fo r s e rv ic e s rather than fo rm a te r ia l or m erchan d ise; p rov id in g custom ers w ith consultative advice using know ledge gained fro m engineering o r extensive techn ica l tra in ing; em phasizing se llin g sk ills ; handling m a te r ia l or m erchandise as an in tegra l part o f the job.

Pos ition s a re c la s s ifie d into le v e ls accord ing to the fo llow ing defin itions:

C lass A . Handles o rd ers that in vo lve making judgments such as choosing which sp ec ific product o r m a te r ia l fro m the estab lishm ent's product lin es w il l sa tis fy the cu s tom er 's needs, or determ in ing the p ric e to be quoted when p ric in g in vo lves m ore than m ere ly r e fe r r in g to a p r ic e lis t or making som e sim p le m athem atica l calcu lations.


ORDER CLERK— Continued

C lass B . Handles o rd e rs invo lving item s which have rea d ily id en t if ie d uses and app lications. M ay r e fe r to a cata log, m anu factu rer 's manual, or s im ila r document to in s iire that p rop er item is supplied o r to v e r i fy p r ic e o f o rd ered item .

AC C O U N TIN G C L E R K

P e r fo rm s one or m ore accounting c le r ic a l tasks such as posting to reg is te rs and led g e rs ; recon c ilin g bank accounts; v e r ify in g the in terna l con s istency, com p leten ess , and m athem atica l accu racy o f accounting documents; assign ing p resc r ib ed accounting d istribu tion codes; exam ining and ve r ify in g fo r c le r ic a l accu racy various types o f r ep o rts , l is ts , ca lcu lations, posting, etc.; or p reparin g sim p le o r ass is tin g in p reparin g m ore com plica ted journal vouchers. M ay w ork in e ither a manual o r automated accounting system .

The w ork requ ires a know ledge o f c le r ic a l m ethods and o ff ic e p ra c tic e s and p rocedu res which re la tes to the c le r ic a l p ro cess in g and reco rd in g o f transactions and accounting in form ation . W ith exp erien ce , the w o rk er typ ica lly becom es fa m ilia r w ith the bookkeeping and accounting te rm s and p rocedures used in the assigned w ork , but is not requ ired to have a know ledge o f the fo rm a l p rin c ip les o f bookkeeping and accounting.

Pos ition s are c la s s ifie d into le v e ls on the basis o f the fo llow in g defin itions:

C lass A . Under gen era l su perv is ion , p e rfo rm s accounting c le r ic a l operations which req u ire the application o f experien ce and judgm ent, fo r exam ple, c le r ic a l ly p rocess in g com p lica ted or n on repetitive accounting tra n s actions, se lectin g among a substantial v a r ie ty o f p re s c r ib ed accounting codes and c la ss ifica t io n s , or trac in g transactions through p rev iou s accounting actions to d eterm ine source o f d iscrep an c ies . M ay be ass is ted by one or m ore c lass B accounting c le rk s .

C lass B . Under c lose su perv is ion , fo llow in g deta iled instructions and standardized p roced u res , p e r fo rm s one or m ore routine accounting c l e r ica l operation s, such as posting to le d g e rs , ca rds , o r w orksheets w h ere iden tifica tion o f item s and locations o f postings a re c le a r ly indicated; checking accu racy and com pleten ess o f 's tandard ized and rep e tit iv e reco rd s or accounting docum ents; and coding docum ents using a few p resc r ib ed accounting codes.

B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A TO R

O perates a bookkeeping m achine (w ith or w ithout a ty p ew rite r k e y board) to keep a rec o rd o f business transactions.

C lass A . Keeps a set o f reco rd s requ irin g a knowledge o f and experien ce in basic bookkeeping p rin c ip le s , and fa m ilia r ity w ith the structure o f the pa rticu la r accounting system used. D eterm ines p ro p er reco rd s and distribution o f debit and c red it item s to be used in each phase o f the w ork . M ay p rep are consolidated rep o rts , balance sheets, and other reco rd s by hand.

C lass B . Keeps a reco rd o f one o r m ore phases o r sections o f a set o f reco rd s usually requ irin g l it t le know ledge o f basic bookkeeping. Phases or sections include accounts payab le, p a y ro ll, cu s to m ers1 accounts (not including a s im p le type o f b illin g d escr ib ed under m achine b i l le r ) ,

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR— Continued

cost d istribu tion , expense d istribu tion , in ven tory con tro l, etc. M ay check or ass is t in preparation o f t r ia l balances and p rep are con tro l sheets fo r the accounting departm ent.

M AC H IN E B IL L E R

P rep a res statem ents, b ills , and in vo ices on a m achine other than an ord in ary or e lec trom atic typ ew rite r . M ay a lso keep reco rd s as to b illin gs o r shipping charges o r p e rfo rm other c le r ic a l w ork inciden ta l to b illin g operations. F o r wage study purposes, m achine b il le rs a re c la s s ifie d by type o f m achine, as fo llow s :

B illin g-m ach in e b il le r . U ses a sp ec ia l b illin g m achine (com bination typing and adding machine) to p rep a re b ills and in vo ices fro m cu s tom ers ' purchase o rd e rs , in terna lly p repared o rd e rs , shipping m em oranda, etc. U sually invo lves application o f p red eterm in ed discounts and shipping charges and entry o f n ecessa ry extensions, which m ay o r m ay not be computed on the b illin g m achine, and tota ls which a re au tom atica lly accum ulated by m achine. The operation usually in vo lves a la rg e number o f carbon cop ies o f the b i l l being prepared and is often done on a fanfold m achine.

Bookkeeping-m achine b i l le r . U ses a bookkeeping m achine (w ith or without a typ ew rite r keyboard) to p rep a re cu s tom ers ' b il ls as part o f the accounts rece ivab le operation. G en era lly in vo lves the sim ultaneous entry o f figu res on custom ers ' led ger record . The m achine au tom atica lly accum ulates figu res on a number o f v e r t ic a l colum ns and com putes and usually prin ts au tom atica lly the debit or cred it ba lances. Does not in vo lve a know ledge o f bookkeeping. W orks fro m un ifo rm and standard types o f sa les and c red it s lips.

P A Y R O L L C LER K

P erfo rm s the c le r ic a l tasks n e c e s sa ry to p ro cess p a y ro lls and to m aintain p a yro ll reco rd s . W ork in vo lves m ost o f the fo llow in g : P ro cess in gw o rk e rs ' tim e or production reco rd s ; adjusting w o rk e rs ' reco rd s fo r changes in w age ra tes, supplem entary b en e fits , o r tax deductions; editing p a y ro ll lis tin gs against source reco rd s ; tra c in g and c o rrec t in g e r r o r s in lis tin gs ; and ass isting in preparation o f p e r io d ic sum m ary p a y ro ll rep o rts . In a non- automated payro ll system , computes w ages . W ork m ay req u ire a p ra c t ica l knowledge o f governm ental regu la tions , com pany p a y ro ll p o lic y , or the com puter system fo r p rocess in g p a y ro lls .

KEY E N T R Y O PE R A TO R

Operates a keypunch m achine to re c o rd or v e r i fy a lphabetic and/or num eric data on tabulating cards o r on tape.

Positions are c la ss ified into le v e ls on the basis o f the fo llow in g d e fin ition s .

Class A . W ork requ ires the app lication of exp erien ce and judgment in se lectin g procedures to be fo llow ed and in search ing fo r , in terp re tin g , s e lec tin g , or coding item s to be keypunched fro m a v a r ie ty o f source docu m ents. On occasion m ay also p e r fo rm som e routine keypunch w ork . M ay tra in inexperienced keypunch op era to rs .


KEY ENTRY O PERATO R— Continued

C lass B. W ork is routine and rep e tit iv e . Under c lose superv is ion o r fo llow in g sp ec ific p roced u res o r instructions, works fro m various stand ard ized sou rce docum ents w hich have been coded, and fo llow s sp ec ified p roced u res which have been p resc r ib ed in deta il and req u ire l it t le o r no se lec tin g , cod ing, o r in terp re tin g o f data to be recorded . R e fe rs to su p erv is o r p rob lem s a r is in g f r o m erroneous item s or codes or m iss in g in fo rm ation .

T A B U L A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R

O perates one o r a v a r ie ty o f m achines such as the tabu la tor, c a lcu la to r , c o lla to r , in te rp re te r , s o r te r , reproducing punch, etc. Excluded fro m this defin ition a re w ork ing su p erv iso rs . A lso excluded a re op era tors o f e le c tro n ic d ig ita l com pu ters , even though they m ay also opera te e le c tr ic accounting m achine equipm ent.

P os ition s a re c la s s ifie d into le v e ls on the basis o f the fo llow in g defin it io n s .

C lass A . P e r fo rm s com p lete reportin g and tabulating assignm ents including d evis in g d ifficu lt con tro l panel w ir in g under g en era l superv is ion . A ss ign m en ts ty p ic a lly in vo lve a v a r ie ty o f long and com plex rep o rts which often a re ir re g u la r o r n on recu rrin g , requ iring som e planning o f the nature and sequencing o f op era tion s , and the use o f a va r ie ty o f m achines. Is ty p ica lly in vo lved in tra in in g new opera tors in m achine operations or tra in in g lo w e r le v e l o p era to rs in w ir in g fro m d iagram s and in the operating sequences o f long and com p lex rep o rts . Does not include positions in which w ir in g resp on s ib ility is l im ited to se lec tion and insertion o f p rew ired boards.

C lass B. P e r fo rm s w ork accord ing to estab lished p rocedu res and under sp ec ific in stru ctions . Assign m en ts typ ica lly invo lve com plete but ro u tine and recu rr in g rep o rts o r parts o f la rg e r and m ore com p lex rep o rts . O pera tes m ore d ifficu lt tabulating o r e le c t r ic a l accounting m achines such as the tabu lator and ca lcu la to r, in addition to the s im p ler m achines used by c lass C op e ra to rs . M ay be requ ired to do som e w ir in g fro m d iagram s. M ay tra in new em p loyees in bas ic m achine operations.

C lass C. Under sp ec ific instructions, operates s im p le tabulating o r e le c t r ic a l accounting m ach ines such as the s o r te r , in te rp re te r , r e p r o ducing punch, c o lla to r , etc. A ss ign m en ts typ ica lly in vo lve portions o f a w o rk unit, fo r exam p le , ind ividual sorting or collating runs, or rep e tit iv e opera tion s . M ay p e r fo rm s im p le w ir in g fro m d iagram s, and do som e filin g w ork .

Professional and TechnicalC O M P U T E R SYSTE M S A N A L Y S T , BUSINESS

A n a lyzes business p rob lem s to form u late p rocedu res fo r so lv ing them by use o f e le c tro n ic data p ro cess in g equipment. D evelops a com plete d esc r ip tion o f a ll sp ec ifica tion s needed to enable p ro g ra m m ers to p rep a re req u ired d ig ita l com puter p ro g ra m s . W ork in vo lves m ost o f the fo llo w in g ; A n a ly zes su b jec t-m a tte r opera tion s to be automated and id en tifies conditions and c r it e r ia req u ired to ach ieve sa tis fa c to ry resu lts; sp ec ifie s number and

COMPUTER SYSTEMS A N A LYST , BUSINESS— Continued

types o f reco rd s , f i le s , and documents to be used; outlines actions to be p e rfo rm ed by p erson nel and com puters in su fficien t deta il fo r presentation to m anagem ent and fo r p rogram m in g (typ ica lly th is invo lves preparation of w ork and data flow charts ); coord inates the developm ent o f test prob lem s and partic ipa tes in t r ia l runs o f new and rev is ed system s; and recom m ends equipment changes to obtain m ore e f fe c t iv e o v e ra ll operations. (N O TE : W ork ers p e rfo rm in g both system s analysis and program m in g should be c la s s ifie d as system s analysts i f th is is the sk ill used to determ ine th e ir pay.)

Does not include em ployees p r im a r ily respon sib le fo r the m anagement or superv is ion o f other e lec tro n ic data p rocess in g em ployees, o r s y s tem s analysts p r im a r ily concerned w ith sc ien tific o r engineering prob lem s.

F o r w age study pu rposes, system s analysts a re c la ss ified as fo llow s:

C lass A . W orks independently or under on ly gen era l d irection on com plex p rob lem s invo lv in g a ll phases o f system s analysis. P rob lem s are com plex because o f d iv e rs e sou rces o f input data and m u ltip le-u se r e q u ire ments o f output data. (F o r exam ple, deve lops an in tegrated production schedu ling, inven tory con tro l, cost an a lys is , and sales analysis reco rd in which e v e ry item o f each type is au tom atica lly p rocessed through the fu ll system of reco rd s and appropria te fo llow up actions are in itia ted by the com puter.) Con fers w ith person s concerned to d eterm ine the data p rocess in g prob lem s and advises su b ject-m atter person nel on the im plications o f new or rev ised system s o f data p ro cess in g operation s. M akes recom m endations, if needed, fo r approva l o f m a jo r system s insta lla tions o r changes and fo r obtaining equipm ent.

M ay p rov id e functional d irec tion to low er le v e l system s analysts who are ass igned to ass is t.

C lass B. W orks independently o r under only gen era l d irection on p rob lem s that a re r e la t iv e ly uncom plicated to an a lyze, plan, p rogram , and operate . P ro b lem s a re o f lim ited com p lex ity because sources o f input data are homogeneous and the output data a re c lo s e ly re la ted . (F o r exam ple, develops system s fo r m aintain ing d epos itor accounts in a bank, m aintaining accounts rece iva b le in a re ta il estab lishm ent, or m aintaining inventory accounts in a m anufacturing or w h o lesa le estab lishm ent.) Con fers with p e r sons concerned to d eterm in e the data p ro cess in g prob lem s and advises su b ject-m atter person nel on the im plications o f the data p rocess ing system s to be applied.

OR

W orks on a segm ent o f a com p lex data p rocess in g scheme or system , as d esc r ib ed fo r c lass A . W orks independently on routine assignm ents and re c e iv e s instruction and guidance on com p lex assignm ents. W ork is rev iew ed fo r accu racy o f judgm ent, com pliance w ith instructions, and to insure p roper alignm ent w ith the o v e r a ll system .

C lass C . W orks under im m ed iate su perv is ion , carry ing out an a ly ses as assigned, usually o f a s ing le a c tiv ity . A ss ign m en ts are designed to develop and expand p ra c t ica l exp erien ce in the app lication o f p rocedures and sk ills req u ired fo r system s analys is w ork . F o r exam ple, m ay ass is t a higher le v e l system s analyst by p rep arin g the deta iled specifica tions requ ired by p ro g ra m m ers fro m in form ation deve loped by the h igher le v e l analyst.


COMPUTER PROGRAMMER, BUSINESS

C onverts statem ents o f business p ro b lem s , ty p ica lly p repared by a system s an a lyst, into a sequence o f d eta iled instructions w h ich a re requ ired to so lve the p rob lem s by autom atic data p ro cess in g equipm ent. W ork ing fro m charts o r d ia g ram s , the p ro g ra m m er deve lops the p re c is e instructions which, when entered into the com puter system in coded language, cause the m anipulation o f data to ach ieve d es ired resu lts . W ork in vo lves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : A pp lies know ledge o f com puter ca p a b ilit ie s , m athem atics , lo g ic em ployed by com puters, and p a rticu la r subject m atter in vo lved to analyze charts and d iagram s o f the p rob lem to be p rogram m ed ; deve lops sequence o f p ro g ra m steps; w r ites deta iled f low charts to show o rd e r in w h ich data w il l be p rocessed ; con verts th ese charts to coded instructions fo r m achine to fo llow ; tes ts and c o r re c ts p ro g ra m s ; p rep a res instructions fo r operating p erson n el during production run; an a lyzes , r e v ie w s , and a lte rs p ro g ra m s to in c rease operating e ffic ien cy or adapt to new requ irem en ts ; m aintains reco rd s o f p rogram developm ent and rev is io n s . (N O TE : W ork ers p e rfo rm in g bothsystem s an a lys is and p rogram m in g should be c la s s ifie d as system s analysts i f th is is the sk ill used to d eterm in e th e ir pay.)

Does not include em p loyees p r im a r ily respon s ib le fo r the m an agement or superv is ion o f other e lec tro n ic data p ro cess in g em p loyees , o r p r o g ram m ers p r im a r ily concerned w ith s c ien tific and/or eng ineerin g p rob lem s.

F o r w age study pu rposes , p ro g ra m m ers are c la s s ifie d as fo llow s

C lass A . W orks independently o r under on ly g en era l d irec tion on com plex p rob lem s which req u ire com petence in a ll phases o f p rogram m in g concepts and p ra c t ic e s . W ork in g fro m d iagram s and charts which iden tify the nature o f d es ired resu lts , m a jo r p ro cess in g steps to be accom plish ed , and the rela tionsh ips between variou s steps o f the p ro b lem so lv ing routine; plans the fu ll range o f p rogram m in g actions needed to e ffic ien t ly u tiliz e the com puter system in ach iev ing d e s ired end products.

A t th is le v e l , p rogram m in g is d ifficu lt because com puter equipment must be o rgan ized to produce s e v e ra l in te rre la ted but d iv e rs e products fro m numerous and d iv e rs e data e lem en ts. A w ide v a r ie ty and ex ten sive number o f in ternal p ro cess in g actions must occu r. Th is req u ires such actions as developm ent o f com m on operation s which can be reu sed , estab lishm ent o f linkage points between opera tion s , adjustm ents to data when p ro g ra m r e q u ir e ments exceed com puter s to rage capac ity , and substantial m anipulation and resequencing o f data e lem ents to fo rm a h igh ly in tegra ted p ro g ra m .

M ay p ro v id e functional d irec tio n to lo w er le v e l p ro g ra m m ers who a re assigned to ass is t.

C lass B . W orks independently o r under on ly gen era l d irec tion on r e la t iv e ly s im p le p ro g ra m s , o r on s im p le segm ents o f com p lex p ro g ra m s . P ro g ra m s (o r segm ents) usually p ro cess in form ation to produce data in two o r th ree va r ied sequences o r fo rm a ts . R eports and lis tin gs a re produced by re fin in g , adapting, a rra y in g , o r m aking m in or additions to o r de letions fro m

18

COMPUTER PROGRAMMER, BUSINESS— Continued

input data which a re read ily a va ilab le . W h ile numerous reco rd s m ay be p ro cessed , the data have been re fin ed in p r io r actions so that the accu racy and sequencing o f data can be tested by using a few routine checks. T yp ic a lly , the p ro g ra m deals w ith routine reco rd k eep in g operation s.

OR

W orks on com plex p rogram s (as d esc r ib ed fo r c lass A ) under c lose d irec tion o f a h igher le v e l p ro g ra m m er o r su p erv iso r . M ay ass is t h igher le v e l p rogram m er by independently p e r fo rm in g le s s d ifficu lt tasks ass ign ed , and p erfo rm in g m ore d ifficu lt tasks under fa ir ly c lo se d irec tion .

M ay guide o r instruct low er le v e l p ro g ra m m ers .

C lass C . M akes p ra c t ica l app lications o f p rogram m in g p ra c tice s and concepts usually learned in fo rm a l tra in in g cou rses . A ss ign m en ts a re designed to develop com petence in the app lication o f standard p roced u res to routine p rob lem s. R ece iv es c lose su perv is ion on new aspects o f ass ignm ents; and w ork is rev iew ed to v e r i fy its accu racy and con form an ce w ith requ ired p roced u res .

C O M P U T E R O PE R A TO R

M on itors and operates the con tro l con so le o f a d ig ita l com puter to p ro cess data accord ing to operating in stru ction s , usually p rep a red by a p r o g ram m er. W ork includes m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Studies instructions todeterm in e equipment setup and opera tion s ; loads equipment w ith requ ired item s (tape re e ls , cards , e tc .); sw itches n e c e s sa ry a u x ilia ry equipm ent into c ircu it , and starts and operates com puter; m akes adjustm ents to com puter to c o r re c t operating p rob lem s and m ee t sp ec ia l conditions; r e v iew s e r r o r s m ade during operation and determ ines cause o r r e fe r s p ro b lem to su p erv iso r o r p ro g ra m m er; and m aintains operating re c o rd s . M ay tes t and a ss is t in co rrec tin g p rogram .

F o r w age study pu rposes, com puter op era to rs a re c la s s ifie d asfo llo w s :

Class A . O perates independently, o r under on ly g en era l d irec tio n , a com puter running p rogram s w ith m ost o f the fo llow in g c h a ra c te r is t ic s : N ew p rogram s a re frequ en tly tes ted and introduced; scheduling requ irem en ts a re o f c r it ic a l im portance to m in im ize dow ntim e; the p ro g ra m s a re o f com p lex design so that iden tifica tion o f e r r o r sou rce often req u ire s a w ork ing know ledge o f the to ta l p rogram , and a lte rn a te p ro g ra m s m ay not be a va ilab le . M ay g iv e d irection and guidance to lo w er le v e l op era to rs .

C lass B . O perates independently, o r under on ly g en e ra l d irec tio n , a com puter running p rogram s w ith m ost o f the fo llow in g c h a ra c te r is t ic s ; M ost o f the p rogram s a re estab lished production runs, ty p ica lly run on a r e g u la r ly recu rr in g basis; th ere is l i t t le o r no testin g o f new p ro gra m s requ ired ; a lternate p rogram s a re p ro v id ed in case o r ig in a l p ro g ra m needs m a jo r change o r cannot be c o r re c ted w ith in a reasonab ly short t im e . In


COMPUTER OPERATO R— Continued

com m on e r r o r s ituations, d iagnoses cause and takes c o r re c t iv e action. Th is usually in vo lves applying p re v io u s ly p rogram m ed c o r re c t iv e steps, o r using standard c o r re c t io n techn iques.

OR

O pera tes under d ire c t superv is ion a com puter running p rogram s or segm ents o f p ro g ra m s w ith the ch a rac te r is t ics d escribed fo r c lass A . M ay a ss is t a h igher le v e l op era to r by independently p erfo rm in g le s s d ifficu lt tasks ass ign ed , and p e r fo rm in g d ifficu lt tasks fo llow in g deta iled instructions and w ith frequent r e v ie w o f operation s p erfo rm ed .

C lass C. W orks on routine p rogram s under c lo se superv is ion . Is expected to d eve lop w ork in g know ledge o f the com puter equipment used and a b ility to detect p rob lem s in vo lved in running routine p rogram s. U sually has r e c e iv e d som e fo rm a l tra in in g in com puter operation . M ay a ss is t h igher le v e l op era to r on com p lex p rogram s .

D R A F T E R

C lass A . P lans the graph ic p resentation o f com p lex item s having d is tin c tive des ign fea tu res that d iffe r s ign ifican tly fro m estab lished dra fting p receden ts . W ork s in c lo se support w ith the design o r ig in a to r , and m ay recom m end m in or design changes. A n a lyzes the e ffect o f each change on the d e ta ils o f fo rm , function, and positiona l relationsh ips o f com ponents and p a rts . W orks w ith a m in im um o f su p erv isory assistance. Com pleted w ork is rev iew ed by design o r ig in a to r fo r consistency w ith p r io r eng ineering d e te r m inations. M ay e ith er p rep a re draw ings or d irec t th eir p repara tion by low er le v e l d ra fte rs .

C lass B. P e r fo rm s nonroutine and com plex dra fting assignm ents that req u ire the app lica tion o f m ost o f the standardized draw ing techniques r e g u la r ly used. Duties ty p ic a lly in vo lve such w ork as: P rep a re s w ork ingdraw ings o f su bassem b lies w ith .irregu la r shapes, m u ltip le functions, and p re c is e pos ition a l re la tion sh ip s between components; p rep a res a rch itec tu ra l draw ings fo r construction o f a building including deta il draw ings o f foundations, w a ll section s , f lo o r p lans, and roo f. Uses accepted fo rm u las and m anuals in m aking n e c e s sa ry computations to d eterm ine quantities o f m a te r ia ls to be used, load cap ac itie s , strengths, s tre s s e s , etc. R e ce iv es in it ia l in stru ction s , req u irem en ts , and advice from su p erv isor. Com pleted w o rk is checked fo r tech n ica l adequacy.

C lass C. P re p a re s d e ta il draw ings o f single units o r parts fo r en g in eerin g , con stru ction , m anufacturing, or rep a ir purposes. T ypes o f d raw ings p rep a red include is o m e tr ic p ro jection s (depicting th ree d im ensions in accu rate sca le ) and section a l v iew s to c la r i fy position ing o f com ponents and con vey needed in fo rm ation . Consolidates details fro m a num ber o f sou rces and adjusts o r tran sp oses sca le as requ ired . Suggested m ethods o f approach , app licab le p reced en ts , and adv ice on source m a te r ia ls a re g iven w ith in it ia l ass ign m en ts . Instructions are le ss com plete when assignm ents re cu r . W ork m ay be spot-checked during p ro g ress .

D RAFTER-TRACER

Copies plans and draw ings p repared by others by p lacing trac ing cloth o r paper o v e r draw ings and trac in g w ith pen or pencil. (Does not include trac in g lim ited to plans p r im a r ily consisting o f straight lines and a la rg e sca le not requ irin g c lose delineation .)

AND/OR

P rep a res s im p le o r rep e tit iv e draw ings o f e a s ily v isua lized item s. W ork is c lo s e ly supervised during p ro g re s s .

E LE C TR O N IC S TE C H N IC IA N

W orks on various types o f e lec tro n ic equipment and rela ted devices by p erfo rm in g one or a com bination o f the fo llow in g : Insta llin g, maintaining,rep a ir in g , overhau ling, troub leshooting, m od ify in g, constructing, and testing. W ork req u ires p ra c t ica l app lication o f techn ica l knowledge o f e lectron ics p r in c ip le s , a b ility to determ ine m alfunctions, and sk ill to put equipment in requ ired operating condition.

The equipment— consisting o f e ither many d iffe ren t kinds o f c ircu its o r m ultip le repetition o f the sam e kind o f c ircu it— includes, but is not lim ited to , the fo llow in g : (a) E lectron ic transm ittin g and rece iv in g equipment (e .g .,radar, rad io , te le v is io n , telephone, sonar, navigational a id s ), (b) d ig ita l and analog com puters, and (c ) industria l and m ed ica l m easuring and con tro lling equipment.

Th is c la ss ific a t io n excludes rep a ir e rs o f such standard electron ic equipment as com m on o ff ic e m achines and household radio and te lev is ion sets ; production assem b le rs and te s te rs ; w o rk ers whose p rim ary duty is s e rv ic in g e lec tro n ic tes t instrum ents; techn icians who have adm in istrative o r su p erv iso ry resp on s ib ility ; and d ra fte rs , d es ign ers , and pro fess ion a l eng ineers.

Pos ition s are c la s s ifie d into le v e ls on the basis of the fo llow ing defin itions.

C lass A . A pp lies advance techn ica l knowledge to solve unusually com p lex p rob lem s ( i .e . , those that typ ica lly cannot be solved so le ly by r e fe r ence to m anu factu rers ' manuals or s im ila r documents) in working on e le c tron ic equipment. Exam ples o f such p rob lem s include location and density of c irc u itry , e lec trom agn etic rad iation , iso la tin g m alfunctions, and frequent engineering changes. W ork in vo lves : A deta iled understanding o f the in te r rela tion sh ips o f c ircu its ; e x e rc is in g independent judgment in perform ing such tasks as m aking c ircu it an a lyses, ca lcu lating wave fo rm s , tracing re la tion ships in signal flow ; and regu la r ly using com plex test instrum ents (e .g ., dual tra c e osc illo scop es , Q -m e te rs , devia tion m e te rs , pulse gen erator s ) .

W ork m ay be rev iew ed by su p erv isor (frequ en tly an engineer or des ign er) fo r g en era l com pliance w ith accepted p ra c t ices . M ay provide techn ica l guidance to low er le v e l techn icians.

C lass B . A pp lies com prehen sive techn ica l knowledge to solve com p lex p rob lem s ( i . e . , those that typ ica lly can be so lved so le ly by p roperly in terp retin g m anu factu rers ' manuals o r s im ila r documents) in working on


ELECTRONICS TECHNICIAN— Continued

e lectron ic equipm ent. W ork in vo lves : A fa m ilia r ity w ith the in te r re la t io n ships o f c ircu its ; and judgment in determ in ing w ork sequence and in se lectin g too ls and testing instrum ents, usually le s s com p lex than those used by the c lass A techn ician.

R ece iv es techn ica l guidance, as requ ired , fro m su p erv iso r o r h igher le v e l techn ician , and w ork is rev iew ed fo r sp ec ific com pliance w ith accepted p ra ctices and w ork assignm ents. M ay p rov ide techn ica l guidance to low er le v e l techn icians.

C lass C . A p p lies w ork ing techn ica l know ledge to p e r fo rm sim p le or routine tasks in w ork ing on e lec tro n ic equipment, fo llow in g deta iled in s tru c tions which cove r v irtu a lly a ll p rocedu res . W ork typ ica lly in vo lves such tasks as: A ss is tin g h igher le v e l techn icians by p erfo rm in g such a c tiv it ie s asrep lac ing com ponents, w ir in g c ircu its , and taking tes t read ings; repa ir in g sim ple e lec tro n ic equipment; and using too ls and com mon tes t instrum ents (e .g ., m u ltim eters , audio s ignal gen era to rs , tube te s te rs , o s c illo s co p es ). Is not requ ired to be fa m ilia r w ith the in terre la tion sh ip s o f c ircu its . This knowledge, h ow ever, m ay be acqu ired through assignm ents designed to increase com petence (including c la ss ro om tra in in g) so that w o rk er can advance to h igher le v e l techn ician.

R ece iv es techn ica l guidance, as requ ired , fro m su p erv isor or h igher le v e l techn ician. W ork is typ ica lly spot checked, but is g iven deta iled re v iew when new o r advanced assignm ents a re involved.

RE G ISTE R E D IN D U S T R IA L NURSES

A reg is te red nurse who g ives nursing s e rv ic e under gen era l m ed ica l d irec tion to i l l o r in ju red em ployees o r other persons who becom e i l l or su ffer an accident on the p rem ises of a fa c to ry o r other estab lishm ent. Duties in vo lve a com bination o f the fo llo w in g : G iving f ir s t aid to the i l l orinjured; attending to subsequent d ress in g o f em p lo yees ' in ju ries ; keeping reco rds o f patients trea ted ; p reparin g accident reports fo r com pensation o r other purposes; ass is tin g in phys ica l exam inations and health evaluations o f applicants and em p loyees; and planning and ca rry in g out p rogram s invo lv ing health education, accident p reven tion , evaluation o f plant environm ent, or other a c t iv it ie s a ffectin g the health, w e lfa re , and sa fety o f a ll personnel. Nursing su perv isors o r head nurses in estab lishm ents em ploying m ore than one nurse are excluded.

Maintenance, Toolroom, and PowerplantM A IN T E N A N C E C A R P E N T E R

P e r fo rm s the ca rpen try duties n ecessa ry to construct and m aintain in good rep a ir building w oodw ork and equipment such as b ins, c r ib s , counters, benches, pa rtition s , d oo rs , f lo o rs , s ta irs , cas in gs , and tr im m ade o f wood in an estab lishm ent. W ork in vo lves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Planning andlaying out o f w ork fro m b lueprin ts , d raw ings, m od e ls , or v e rb a l instructions; using a v a r ie ty o f ca rp en te r 's handtools, portab le pow er to o ls , and standard m easuring instrum ents; m aking standard shop com putations re la tin g to d im ensions o f w ork ; and se lec tin g m a te r ia ls n ecessa ry fo r the w ork . In gen era l, the w ork o f the m aintenance carpen ter requ ires rounded tra in in g and e x p e r ience usually acqu ired through a fo rm a l appren ticesh ip or equivalent tra in in g and experien ce .

20

MAINTENANCE ELECTRICIAN

P er fo rm s a v a r ie ty o f e le c t r ic a l trade functions such as the in s ta lla tion , maintenance, o r repa ir o f equipment fo r the gen eration , d istribu tion , or u tiliza tion o f e le c tr ic energy in an estab lishm ent. W ork in vo lves m ost o f the fo llow in g : Installing or rep a ir in g any o f a v a r ie ty o f e le c t r ic a l equ ip ment such as gen era tors , tra n s fo rm ers , sw itchboards, c o n tro lle rs , c ircu it b rea k ers , m otors, heating units, conduit sys tem s, or other tran sm iss ion equipment; working fro m b lueprin ts, d raw ings , layou ts, o r other s p e c if ications; locating and diagnosing trou b le in the e le c t r ic a l sys tem o r equ ip ment; work ing standard computations re la tin g to load requ irem en ts o f w ir in g o r e le c tr ic a l equipment; and using a v a r ie ty o f e le c tr ic ia n 's handtools and m easuring and testing instrum ents. In g en era l, the w ork o f the m aintenance e le c tr ic ia n requ ires rounded tra in ing and exp erien ce usually acqu ired through a fo rm a l apprenticesh ip o r equ ivalent tra in in g and experien ce .

M A IN T E N A N C E P A IN T E R

Paints and redecora tes w a lls , w oodw ork , and fix tu res o f an es tab lishm ent. W ork invo lves the fo llo w in g : K now ledge o f su rface p ecu lia r it ie sand types of paint requ ired fo r d iffe ren t app lications; p reparin g su rface fo r painting by rem oving old fin ish o r by p lac ing putty o r f i l le r in na il ho les and in ters tices ; and applying paint w ith sp ray gun o r brush. M ay m ix c o lo rs , o ils , w hite lead , and other paint ingred ien ts to obtain p ro p er co lo r o r consistency. In gen era l, the w ork o f the m aintenance pa in ter requ ires rounded train ing and experien ce usually acqu ired through a fo rm a l app ren ticesh ip o r equivalent tra in ing and exp erien ce .

M A IN T E N A N C E M AC H IN IST

Produces rep lacem ent pa rts and new parts in m aking rep a irs o f m eta l parts o f m echan ical equipment operated in an estab lishm ent. W ork invo lves m ost o f the fo llow in g : In terp re tin g w r itten instructions and s p e c ifica tion s ; planning and laying out o f w ork ; using a v a r ie ty o f m ach in is t's handtools and p rec is ion m easuring instrum ents; setting up and operating standard machine too ls ; shaping o f m eta l parts to c lose to le ra n ces ; making standard shop computations re la tin g to d im ensions o f w ork , too lin g , fe ed s , and speeds o f m achining; knowledge o f the w ork ing p ro p er tie s o f the com m on m eta ls ; se lectin g standard m a te r ia ls , p a rts , and equipment requ ired fo r this w ork ; and fitting and assem bling pa rts into m ech an ica l equipment. In gen era l, the m ach in ist's w ork n orm ally req u ires a rounded tra in in g in m ach ine-shop p ra c tice usually acqu ired through a fo rm a l appren ticesh ip or equivalent tra in ing and experience.

M A IN T E N A N C E M ECH AN IC (M ach in ery )

R epa irs m ach inery or m ech an ica l equipment o f an estab lishm ent. W ork invo lves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Exam ining m achines and m echan ica lequipment to d iagnose source o f trou b le ; d ism antling o r p a r tly d ism antling m achines and perfo rm in g rep a irs that m ain ly in vo lve the use o f handtools in scrap ing and fitting parts; rep lac in g broken or d e fec tive parts w ith item s obtained from stock; ord erin g the production o f a rep lacem en t part by a m achine shop or sending the m achine to a m achine shop fo r m a jo r rep a irs ; p reparin g w ritten specifica tions fo r m a jo r rep a irs o r fo r the production of parts o rd ered fro m machine shops; rea ssem b lin g m achines; and making a ll n ecessa ry adjustments fo r operation . In g en e ra l, the w o rk o f a m ach inery maintenance m echanic requ ires rounded tra in in g and exp erien ce usually


M AINTENANCE M ECHANIC (Machinery)— Continued

acqu ired through a fo rm a l appren ticesh ip o r equivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ience. Excluded fro m th is c la ss ific a t io n are w o rk ers whose p r im a ry duties in vo lve setting up or adjusting m achines.

M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M o to r V eh ic les )

R ep a irs au tom ob iles , buses, m otortrucks, and tra c to rs o f an es tab lishm ent. W ork in vo lves m ost o f the fo llow in g : Exam ining autom otive equ ipment to d iagnose sou rce o f trou b le ; d isassem bling equipment and p erfo rm in g rep a irs that in vo lve the use o f such handtools as w renches, gauges, d r i l ls , or sp ec ia liz ed equipm ent in d isassem b ling or fitting parts; rep lac in g broken or d e fe c t iv e parts fro m stock; grinding and adjusting va lves; reassem blin g and in sta llin g the va riou s assem b lies in the veh ic le and making n ecessa ry ad justm ents; and a lign in g w h ee ls , adjusting brakes and ligh ts , o r tightening body bo lts . In g en e ra l, the w o rk o f the m otor veh ic le maintenance m echanic req u ire s rounded tra in in g and exp erien ce usually acquired through a fo rm a l appren ticesh ip or equ iva lent tra in in g and experien ce.

This c la s s ific a t io n does not include m echanics who rep a ir cu s to m e r s ' v eh ic le s in autom obile rep a ir shops.

M A IN T E N A N C E P IP E F IT T E R

Insta lls o r rep a irs w a te r , steam , gas, o r other types o f pipe and p ip efitt in gs in an estab lishm en t. W ork invo lves m ost o f the fo llow in g : Layingout w o rk and m easu rin g to loca te position o f pipe from draw ings or other w r itten sp ec ifica tion s ; cutting variou s s izes o f pipe to c o r re c t lengths w ith ch ise l and ham m er o r oxyace ty len e to rch o r p ipe-cutting m achines; threading pipe w ith stocks and d ies; bending pipe by hand-driven or p o w er-d r iv en m ach ines; assem b lin g p ipe w ith couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; m aking standard shop com putations rela ting to p ressu res , flow , and s ize o f p ipe req u ired ; and m aking standard tests to determ ine whether fin ished p ipes m eet sp ec ifica tion s . In g en e ra l, the w ork o f the m aintenance p ip e fitte r req u ire s rounded tra in in g and exp erien ce usually acquired through a fo rm a l appren ticesh ip o r equ ivalent tra in in g and experien ce. W o rk ers p r im a r ily engaged in insta llin g and rep a ir in g building sanitation or heating system s a re excluded.

M A IN T E N A N C E S H E E T -M E T A L W O RKER

F a b ric a te s , in s ta lls , and m aintains in good rep a ir the sh ee t-m eta l equipm ent and fix tu res (such as m achine guards, grease pans, sh e lves, lo c k e rs , tanks, v en tila to rs , chutes, ducts, m eta l roofing) o f an estab lishm ent. W o rk in vo lves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : P lanning and laying out a ll types o fsh ee t-m eta l m aintenance w ork fro m blueprin ts, m odels, o r other s p e c if ications; setting up and operating a ll ava ilab le types o f sh ee t-m eta l w ork ing m ach ines; using a v a r ie ty o f handtools in cutting, bending, fo rm in g , shaping, fitt in g , and assem b lin g ; and in s ta llin g sh eet-m eta l a rtic les as requ ired . In g en e ra l, the w ork o f the m aintenance sh eet-m eta l w orker req u ires rounded tra in in g and exp erien ce usually acqu ired through a fo rm a l appren ticesh ip or equ ivalent tra in in g and exp erien ce .

M IL L W R IG H T

Insta lls new m achines o r heavy equipment, and d ism antles and in s ta lls m achines o r heavy equipm ent when changes in the plant layout a re requ ired . W ork in vo lves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and lay ing out

M ILLW RIGHT— Continued

w ork ; in terp retin g blueprin ts or other spec ifica tions ; using a va r ie ty o f hand- too ls and rigg in g ; m aking standard shop computations rela ting to s tresses , strength o f m a te r ia ls , and cen ters o f g rav ity ; a ligning and balancing equipment; se lectin g standard to o ls , equipm ent, and parts to be used; and insta lling and m aintain ing in good o rd e r pow er tran sm ission equipment such as d rives and speed redu cers. In gen era l, the m illw r igh t 's w ork n orm ally requ ires a rounded tra in in g and experien ce in the trade acqu ired through a fo rm a l appren ticesh ip o r equivalent tra in ing and experien ce.

M A IN T E N A N C E TR A D E S H E L P E R

A ss is ts one o r m ore w o rk ers in the sk illed maintenance trades, by p e rfo rm in g sp ec ific o r gen era l duties o f le s s e r sk ill, such as keeping a w o rk er supplied with m a te ria ls and too ls ; clean ing work ing area , m achine, and equipment; ass is tin g journeym an by holding m ateria ls o r too ls ; and p e r fo rm in g other unskilled tasks as d irec ted by journeym an. The kind o f w ork the he lper is p erm itted to p e r fo rm va r ies fro m trade to trade: In sometrades the he lper is confined to supplying, lift in g , and holding m ateria ls and to o ls , and cleaning w ork ing a reas ; and in others he is perm itted to p e rfo rm sp ec ia lized m achine opera tion s , o r parts o f a trade that a re also p erfo rm ed by w o rk ers on a fu ll- t im e basis.

M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A T O R (TO O LR O O M )

S pec ia lizes in operating one or m ore than one type o f machine too l (e .g . , j ig b o re r , grinding m achine, engine lathe, m illin g machine) to m achine m eta l fo r use in making or m aintaining j ig s , fix tu res , cutting too ls , gauges, o r m eta l d ies o r m olds used in shaping or form ing m etal or nonm eta llic m a te r ia l (e .g . , p las tic , p la s te r, rubber, g la ss ). W ork typ ica lly in vo lve s : P lanning and p erfo rm in g d ifficu lt machining operations whichreq u ire com p lica ted setups o r a high d egree o f accu racy; setting up machine too l o r too ls (e .g . , in s ta ll cutting too ls and adjust gu ides, stops, working tab les , and other con tro ls to handle the s ize o f stock to be machined; determ ine p rop er fe ed s , speeds, too lin g , and operation sequence or select those p resc r ib ed in d raw ings, b lueprin ts, or layou ts); using a va r ie ty o f p rec is ion m easuring instrum ents; making n ecessa ry adjustments during m achining operation to ach ieve requ is ite d im ensions to v e ry c lose to leran ces . M ay be requ ired to se lec t p roper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils , to recogn ize when too ls need d ress in g , and to d ress too ls . In gen era l, the w ork o f a m ach in e-too l op era tor (too lroom ) at the sk ill le v e l ca lled fo r in this c la ss ifica t io n req u ires exten sive knowledge o f m achine-shop and to o lroom p ra c tice usually acqu ired through con siderab le on -the-job train ing and experien ce .

F o r c ro ss- in d u s try wage study purposes, th is c la ss ifica tion does not include m ach in e-too l op era tors (to o lroom ) em ployed in too l and die jobbing shops.

T O O L AN D DIE M A K E R

Constructs and rep a irs j ig s , fix tu res , cutting to o ls , gauges, or m eta l d ies o r m olds used in shaping or form in g m eta l or nonm etallic m a te r ia l (e .g . , p la s tic , p la s te r , rubber, g la ss ). W ork typ ica lly in vo lves : P lanning and laying out w ork accord ing to m odels , b lueprin ts, draw ings, or other w ritten o r o ra l sp ec ifica tion s ; understanding the w ork ing p rop erties o f com m on m eta ls and a llo ys ; se lectin g appropriate m a te r ia ls , to o ls , and


TOOL AND DIE MAKER— Continued

p ro cesses requ ired to com plete tasks; m aking n ecessa ry shop com putations; setting up and operating various m achine too ls and re la ted equipment; using various too l and d ie m ak er 's handtools and p re c is io n m easu ring instrum ents; ■working to v e ry c lo se to le ran ces ; h ea t-trea tin g m eta l parts and fin ished too ls and dies to ach ieve requ ired qu a lities ; fittin g and assem bling parts to p r e scribed to le ran ces and a llow ances. In g en era l, the to o l and d ie m ak er 's w ork requ ires rounded tra in in g in m ach ine-shop and to o lroom p ra c t ice usually acqu ired through fo rm a l appren ticesh ip o r equivalent tra in in g and experien ce .

F o r c ro ss- in d u s try w age study pu rposes , th is c la ss ific a t io n does not include to o l and d ie m akers who (1) a re em ployed in to o l and d ie jobbing shops or (2) produce fo rg in g d ies (d ie s in k ers ).

S T A T IO N A R Y E N G IN EE R

O perates and m aintains and m ay a lso su perv ise the operation o f stationary engines and equipment (m ech an ica l or e le c t r ic a l) to supply the establishm ent in which em ployed w ith p ow er, heat, r e fr ig e ra t io n , o r a ir - conditioning. W ork in vo lves : O perating and m aintain ing equipment such assteam engines, a ir c o m p resso rs , g en era to rs , m o to rs , tu rb ines , ven tila ting and r e fr ig e ra t in g equipm ent, steam b o ile rs and b o ile r - fe d w ater pumps; m aking equipment rep a irs ; and keeping a re c o rd o f operation o f m ach inery, tem pera tu re , and fu e l consumption. M ay a lso su perv ise th ese operation s. Head or ch ie f engineers in estab lishm ents em ploying m ore than one engineer a re excluded .

B O ILE R TE N D E R

F ire s sta tionary b o ile r s to furn ish the estab lishm ent in which em ployed w ith heat, p ow er, o r steam . F eeds fuels to f i r e by hand o r operates a m echan ica l stoker, gas, or o i l burner; and checks w ater and sa fety va lves . M ay c lean , o il , o r ass is t in rep a ir in g b o ile r ro o m equipm ent.

Material Movement and CustodialTR U C K D R IV ER

D rives a truck w ith in a c ity o r indu stria l a rea to tran sport m a te r ia ls , m erch an d ise , equipm ent, o r w o rk ers between variou s types o f es tab lishm ents such as: M anufacturing p lants, fre igh t depots, w arehou ses, w h o le sa le a n d r e ta il estab lishm en ts, o r between r e ta il estab lishm ents and cu s tom ers ' houses o r p laces o f business. M ay a lso load o r unload tru ck w ith o r without h e lp e rs , m ake m inor m echan ica l r ep a ir s , and keep tru ck in good working o rd e r . Sa lesrou te and o v e r - th e -ro a d d r iv e r s a re excluded .

F o r w age study pu rposes , tru ck d r iv e rs a re c la s s ifie d by s ize and type o f equipm ent, as fo llow s : (T r a c t o r - t r a i le r should be ra ted on the basisof t r a i le r capacity .)

T ru ck d r iv e r , ligh t truck (under l l / z tons)T ru ck d r iv e r , m edium tru ck ( I V 2 to and including 4 tons)T ru ck d r iv e r , heavy truck ( t r a i le r ) (o v e r 4 tons)T ru ck d r iv e r , heavy truck (o ther than t r a i le r ) (o v e r 4 tons)

22

SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK

P rep a res m erchandise fo r shipm ent, o r r e c e iv e s and is respon s ib le fo r incom ing shipments 01 m erchand ise o r other m a te r ia ls . Shipping w ork in vo lves : A knowledge o f shipping p ro ced u res , p ra c t ic e s , rou tes , a va ilab lem eans o f transportation , and ra tes ; and p rep a r in g reco rd s o f the goods shipped, making up b ills o f lad ing, posting w eigh t and shipping ch a rges , and keeping a f i le o f shipping reco rd s . M ay d ire c t o r ass is t in p rep arin g the m erchand ise for shipment. R ece iv in g w o rk in v o lv e s ; V e r ify in g o r d irec tin g others in ve r ify in g the co rrec tn ess o f shipm ents against b ills o f lad ing, in vo ices , or other reco rd s ; checking fo r shortages and re je c tin g dam aged goods; routing m erchandise o r m a te r ia ls to p ro p er departm ents; and m a in tain ing n ecessa ry reco rd s and f i le s .

F o r wage study purposes, w o rk e rs a re c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s :

Shipping c le rkR ece iv in g c le rkShipping and rece iv in g c le rk

W AREH O U SEM AN

A s d irec ted , p erfo rm s a v a r ie ty o f w arehousing duties which req u ire an understanding o f the estab lishm en t's s to rage p lan . W o rk in vo lves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : V e rify in g m a te r ia ls (o r m erchan d ise ) against rec e iv in gdocum ents, noting and reportin g d iscrep an c ies and obvious dam ages; routing m a te r ia ls to p resc r ib ed storage loca tion s ; s to r in g , stack ing, o r p a lle tiz in g m a te r ia ls in accordance w ith p re s c r ib e d s to rage m ethods; rea rran g in g and taking inventory o f stored m a te r ia ls ; exam ining stored m a te r ia ls and reportin g de terio ra tion and dam age; rem ov in g m a te r ia l fro m s torage and p reparin g it fo r shipment. M ay op era te hand o r pow er trucks in p e rfo rm in g warehousing duties.

Exclude w o rk ers whose p r im a ry d u t i e s in vo lve shipping and rece iv in g w ork (s e e Shipping and R ece iv in g C le rk and Shipping P a c k e r ), o rd e r f i l l in g (s ee O rder F i l l e r ) , o r operating power trucks (s e e P o w e r -T ru c k O p e ra to r ).

O RD ER F IL L E R

F il ls shipping or tra n s fe r o rd e rs fo r fin ished goods fro m stored m erchan d ise in accordance w ith sp ec ifica tion s on sa les s lip s , cu s tom ers ' o rd e rs , or other instructions. M ay , in addition to f i l l in g o rd e rs and in d icating item s f i l le d or om itted , keep reco rd s o f outgoing o rd e rs , requ is ition additional stock o r rep o rt short supplies to su p e rv is o r , and p e r fo rm other re la ted duties.

SH IPP IN G PAC K E R

P rep a res fin ished products fo r shipm ent o r storage by p lac ing them in shipping con ta iners, the sp ec ific operation s p e r fo rm ed being dependent upon the type, s iz e , and number o f units to be packed , the type o f con ta iner em ployed , and method o f shipm ent. W ork req u ire s the p lac in g o f item s in shipping containers and m ay in vo lve one o r m ore o f the fo llo w in g : Know ledgeo f various item s o f stock in o rd e r to v e r i fy content; se lec tion o f appropria te type and s ize o f con tainer; in sertin g en c losu res in con ta iner; using e x c e ls io r o r other m a te r ia l to p reven t b reakage o r dam age; c los in g and sea ling c o n ta in er; and applying labels o r en tering iden tify ing data on con ta iner. P a ck ers who a lso make wooden boxes or cra tes a re excluded.


M A TE R IA L HANDLING LABORER

A w o rk e r em p loyed in a w arehouse, m anufacturing plant, s to re , or o th er estab lishm en t w hose duties in vo lve one o r m ore o f the fo llo w in g : Load ing and unloading variou s m a te r ia ls and m erchandise on o r fro m fre igh t c a rs , tru cks, o r other tran sp ortin g d ev ices ; unpacking, shelv ing , o r p lacing m a te r ia ls o r m erch an d ise in p roper s torage location ; and transportin g m a te r ia ls o r m erch an d ise by handtruck, ca r , o r w h ee lbarrow . Lon gsh ore w o rk e rs , who load and unload ships, a re excluded.

P O W E R -T R U C K O P E R A T O R

Ope ra tes a m anually con tro lled gaso lin e - o r e le c tr ic -p o w e re d truck o r tra c to r to tra n sp o rt goods and m ateria ls o f a ll kinds about a w arehouse, m anufacturing p lant, o r other estab lishm ent.

F o r w age study pu rposes , w o rk ers a re c la ss ified by type o f p o w er- tru ck , as fo llo w s :

F o rk lif t op era to rP o w e r - tru c k o p era to r (o th er than fo rk lift )

23

GUARD AND W ATCHM AN

Guard. P e r fo rm s routine p o lice duties, e ither at fix ed post o r on tou r, m aintain ing o rd e r , using arm s or fo rc e w here necessa ry . Includes guards who are stationed at gate and check on identity o f em ployees and other persons en ter in g .

W atchm an. M akes rounds o f p rem ises p e r io d ic a lly in protecting p ro p erty against f i r e , th eft, and il le g a l entry.

JA N IT O R , P O R T E R , OR C LE A N E R

Cleans and keeps in an o rd e r ly condition fa c to ry working areas and w ash room s, or p rem ises o f an o ff ic e , apartm ent house, or com m erica l o r other estab lishm ent. Duties in vo lve a com bination o f the fo llo w in g : Sw eeping, m opping o r scrubbing, and polish ing f lo o rs ; rem ovin g chips, trash , and other re fu se ; dusting equipm ent, fu rn itu re, or fix tu res ; polishing m eta l fix tu res or tr im m in gs ; p rov id in g supplies and m inor maintenance s e rv ic e s ; and cleaning la v a to r ie s , show ers, and res troo m s . W orkers who sp ec ia lize in window washing a re excluded.


Service Contract Act Surveys

The fo llow in g areas are su rveyed p e r io d ic a lly fo r use in adm inis te r in g the S e rv ic e Contract Act o f 1965. Survey resu lts are published in re lea ses which are a va ila b le , at no cost, w h ile supplies last fro m any o f the B LS reg ion a l o ffic e s shown on the back cover.

A laska (sta tew ide)A lbany, Ga.A lexandria— L e e s v i l le , La.Alpena—Standish^Tawas C ity, M ich. Ann A rb o r , M ich.A tlan tic C ity, N .J.Augusta, Ga.—S.C.Austin, T ex .B ak ers fie ld , C a lif.Baton Rouge, La.Battle C reek , M ich.Beaumont—P o r t Arthu i—O ra n ge , T ex . Beaumont—P o r t Arthur—Orange

and Lake C harles, T ex .—La.B ilox i—G ulfport and Pascagou la—

Moss P o in t, M iss .Binghamton, N .Y .B irm ingham , A la .B loom ington—V incenn es, Ind. B rem erton —Shelton, Wash. B runsw ick, Ga.Cedar Rapids, Iow a Champaign—Urban a— Rant oul, 111. Charleston—N orth Charleston—

W a ite rb oro , S.C .Charlotte—G astonia, N .C ,Cheyenne, W yo.C larks v i l le —H op k in sv ille , T enn.—K y . Colorado Springs, Colo.Columbia—Sum ter, S.C.Columbus, Ga.—A la .Columbus, M iss .Decatur, 111.Des M oines, IowaDuluth—Su perio r, Minn.—W is.E l Paso—A lam ogord o—Las C ru ces ,

T ex .—N. M ex.Eugene—S prin g fie ld—M edford , O reg . F a y e tte v ille , N .C .

F o r t Lauderda le—H ollywood and W est P a lm Beach—B oca Raton, F la .

F o r t Sm ith, A rk .—Okla.F re d e r ic k —H ager stow n-

Cham bersburg, Md.—Pa. G oldsboro, N.C.Grand Island—H astin gs , Nebr.Guam, T e r r ito r y o f H arrisb u rg—Lebanon, Pa .K n o xv ille , Tenn.L a red o , T ex .Las V egas—Tonopah, Nev.L im a , OhioL it t le Rock—North L itt le Rock, A rk . Logan sport—P e ru , Ind.L ora in —E ly r ia , OhioL o w er E astern Shore, Md.—V a .—Del.M acon, Ga.M adison , W is.M aine (s ta tew ide )M an s fie ld , Ohio M cA llen —Pharr—Edinburg

and B row n sv ille—H arlingen—San B en ito , T ex .

M erid ian , M iss .M id d lesex , Monmouth, and

Ocean C os., N .J.M ob ile—P en saco la—Panam a C ity,

A la .—F la .Montana (s ta tew ide )N ash v ille—D avidson, Tenn.New Bern—Jack son v ille , N .C .N ew H am psh ire (s ta tew ide)New London—N orw ich , Conn.—R.I. N orth Dakota (s ta tew ide )N orthern New Y o rk N orthw est Texas O rlando, F la .Oxnard—S im i V a lley—Ventura, C a lif. P e o r ia , 111.Phoen ix , A r iz .P in e B lu ff, A rk .Pu eb lo , Colo.P u erto R ico R a le igh —Durham, N .C .Reno, N ev.Salina, Kans.

Salinas—Seaside—M on terey , C a lif. Sandusky, Ohio Santa Barbara—Santa M aria—

Lom poc, C alif.Savannah, Ga.Selm a, A la .Shreveport, La.South Dakota (statew ide)Southern Idaho Southwest V irg in ia Spokane, Wash.S prin g fie ld , 111.Stockton, C alif.Tacom a, Wash.Tam pa—St. P e te rsb u rg , F la . Topeka, Kans.Tucson— Douglas, A r iz .Tu lsa , Okla.U pper Peninsula, M ich.V erm on t (statew ide)V irg in Islands o f the U.S.W aco and K illeen —Tem p le , T ex . W a terloo—Cedar F a l ls , Iowa W est V irg in ia (s tatew ide)W ich ita F a lls—Lawton— Altus ,

T ex .—Okla.W ilm ington, D el.—N.J.—Md.Y akima—Richland—Kennewick—

Pendleton , Wash.—O reg .

ALSO A V A IL A B L E —

An annual rep o rt on sa la r ies fo r accountants, aud itors, ch ie f accountants, a ttorneys, job analysts, d ir e c to rs o f person nel, bu yers , chem ists, en g in eers , eng ineerin g techn icians, d ra fte r s , a n d c le r ic a l em p loyees is ava ilab le . O rd e r as BLS B u lle tin 1980, National Su rvey o f P r o fe ss io n a l, A d m in is tra tiv e , Tech n ica l and C le r ic a l P a y , M arch 1977, $ 2.40 a copy, fro m any o f the BLS r e g iona l sa les o ff ic e s shown on the back c o v e r , o r fro m the Su perin tendent o f Docum ents, U.S. G overn m ent P rin tin g O ffic e , W ashington, D .C. 20402.


Area Wage Surveys

A lis t o f the la tes t bu lletins ava ilab le is presented below . Bulletins m ay be purchased fro m any o f the B LS reg ion a l o ffic es shown on the back c o v e r , or fro m the Superintendent o f Docum ents, U.S. Governm ent P rin tin g O ffic e , W ash ington , D .C . 20402. M ake checks payable to Superintendent o f Docum ents. A d ir e c to ry o f occupational wage su rveys , cove r in g the yea rs 1970 through 1976, is a va ila b le on request.

B u lletin numberA r e a and p r ic e *

A k ron , O h io , D ec. 1978__________________________________________ 2025-63, $ 1.00A lb a n y-S ch en ec ta d y -T roy , N .Y . , Sept. 1978 1 ........................ 2025-58, $1.20Anaheim -San ta Ana—Garden G ro ve ,

C a lif. , O ct. 1977_________________________________________________ 1950-60, $1.00A tlan ta , G a., M ay 19781_________________________________________ 2025-28, $1.40B a lt im o re , M d ., Aug. 1978 1____________________________________ 2025-50, $1.50B illin g s , M on t., July 1978_______________________________________ 2025-38, $ 1.00B irm ingham , A la . , M a r . 1978__________________________________ 2025-15, 80 centsBoston , M a ss ., Aug. 19781 _____________________________________ 2025-43, $1.50B u ffa lo , N .Y . , O ct. 1977 _________________________________________ 1950-58, $1.00Canton, O h io , M ay 1978__________________________________________ 2025-22, 70 centsChattanooga, Tenn.—G a ., Sept. 1978 1 -------------------------------- 2025-51, $1.20C h icago, 111., M ay 1978__________________________________________ 2025-32, $1.30C incinnati, Ohio—Ky.—Ind ., July 1978__________________________ 2025-39, $1.10C leve lan d , O h io , Sept. 1978_____________________________________ 2025-49, $1.30Colum bus, O h io , O ct. 1978 1_____________________________________ 2025-59, $1.50Corpus C h r is t i, T e x ., July 1978_______________________________ 2025-29, $1.00D a lla s -F o r t W orth , T e x . , O ct. 1978 1 _________________________ 2025-52, $1.50D avenport—R ock Island—M o lin e , Iow a—111., Feb. 1978-------- 2025-6, 70 centsDayton, O hio, D ec. 1977 1________________________________________ 1950-71, $1.10Daytona Beach , F la . , Aug. 1978________________________________ 2025-48, $1.00D enver—B ou ld er , C o lo ., D ec. 1977 1___________________________ 1950-74, $1.40D e tro it, M ich ., M ar. 1978_______________________________________ 2025-11, $1.20F re sn o , C a lif. , June 19781 ----------------------------------------------- 2025-31, $1.20G a in es v ille , F la . , Sept. 1978---------------------------------------------- 2025-45, $1.00G reen B ay, W is ., July 1978 1___________________________________ 2025-41, $1.20G reen sb o ro—W in ston -Sa lem —H igh P o in t,

N .C ., Aug. 1978_____________________________________ ____________ 2025-46, $1.00G ree n v ille —Spartanburg, S .C ., June 1978_____________________ 2025-30, $1.00H a rtfo rd , Conn., M ar. 1978 1--------------------------------------------- 2025-14, $ 1.20Houston, T e x ., A p r . 1978________________________________________ 2025-23, $1.20H u n tsv ille , A la . , F eb . 1978----------------------------------------------- 2025-4, 70 centsInd ianapo lis , Ind., O ct. 1978 1--------------------------------------------- 2025-57, $1.50Jackson, M is s ., Jan. 1978_______________________________________ 2025-1, 70 centsJ a ck son v ille , F la . , D ec. 1977-------------------------------------------- 1950-67, 70 centsKansas C ity , M o .—K an s., Sept. 1978---------------------------------- 2025-53, $1.30L os A n ge les—Long Beach , C a lif . , O ct. 1978 1_________________ 2025-61, $ 1.50L o u is v il le , Ky.—Ind., N ov. 1977 1--------------------------------------- 1950-66, $1.20M em ph is , Term.—A rk .—M is s ., N ov . 1978--------------------------- 2025-62, $1.00

Bulletin numberA re a and p r ic e *

M ia m i, F la . , Oct. 1978 1________________________________________ 2025-60, $1.30M ilw aukee, W is ., A p r . 1978 1 _________________________________ 2025-18, $1.40M inneapolis—St. Pau l, Minn.—W is ., Jan. 1978 1_____________ 2025-2, $1.40N assau -Su ffo lk , N .Y . , June 1978 1____________________________ 2025-33, $1.30N ew ark , N .J ., Jan. 1978 1______________________________________ 2025-7, $1.40N ew O rlean s , L a ., Jan. 1978__________________________________ 2025-5, $1.00N ew Y o rk , N .Y ^ -N .J ., M ay 1978 1____________________________ 2025-35, $1.50N orfo lk—V irg in ia Beach—Portsm outh , Va.—

N .C ., M ay 1978__________________________________________________ 2025-20, 70 centsN orfo lk—V irg in ia B each -Portsm ou th and

N ew port News—Ham pton, Va.—N .C ., M ay 1978____________ 2025-21, 80 centsN ortheast Pennsylvan ia , Aug. 1978____________________________ 2025-47, $1.00Oklahom a C ity , O k la ., Aug. 1978_____________________________ 2025-40, $1.00Omaha, N ebr.—Iow a, Oct. 1978________________________________ 2025-56, $ 1.00Paterson—C lifton—P a ssa ic , N .J ., June 1978 1 _______________ 2025-36, $1.20Ph iladelph ia , Pa.—N .J ., Nov. 1978_________ _________________ 2025-54, $ 1.30P ittsburgh , P a ., Jan. 1978_____________________________________ 2025-3, $1.10Portlan d , M aine, Dec. 1977................... .................................... 1950-69, 70 centsPortlan d , O r e g .—W ash ., M ay 1978____________________________ 2025-25, $1.00Poughkeepsie , N .Y ., June 1978 1 _____________________________ 2025-37, $1.10Poughkeepsie—K ingston-New burgh , N .Y ., June 1978 1 _____ 2025-42, $1.20P ro v id en ce -W a rw ick —Pawtucket, R .I.—

M a ss ., June 1978_______________________________________________ 2025-27, $1.40R ichm ond, V a ., June 1978______________________________________ 2025-26, 80 centsSt. Lou is , M o.—111., M ar. 1978_________________________________ 2025-13, $1.20Sacram ento, C a lif. , Dec. 1977 1_______________________________ 1950-72, $1.00Saginaw, M ich ., N ov. 1978_____________________________________ 2025-64, $ 1.00Salt Lake C ity—Ogden, Utah, N ov. 1977______________________ 1950-68, 80 centsSan Anton io, T e x ., M ay 1978__________________________________ 2025-17, 70 centsSan D iego , C a lif. , N ov. 1977 1_________________________________ 1950-73, $1.10San F ran c isco—Oakland, C a lif. , M ar. 1978 1_________________ 2025-10, $1.40San Jose, C a lif. , M ar. 19781__________________________________ 2025-9, $1.20Seattle—E vere tt , W ash ., Dec. 1977____________________________ 1950-75, 80 centsSouth Bend, Ind., Aug. 1978____________________________________ 2025-44, $1.00T o led o , Ohio—M ich ., M ay 1978 1______________________________ 2025-24, $1.20Tren ton , N .J ., Sept. 1978 1 _____________________________________ 2025-55, $1.20U tica^R om e, N .Y . , July 1978__________________________________ 2025-34, $1.00W ashington, D .C.—M d ^ V a ., M ar. 1978 1 ____________________ 2025-12, $1.40W ich ita , Kans., A p r . 1978______________________ ________________ 2025-16, 80 centsW o rc e s te r , M a ss ., A p r . 1978 1_______________________________ 2025-19, $1.10Y o rk , P a ., Feb . 1978 1__________________________________________ 2025-8, $1.10

* Prices are determined by the Government Printing Office and are subject to change.1 Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented.


U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212

Official Business Penalty for private use, $300

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1603 JFK Federal Building Government Center Boston, Mass. 02203 Phone: 223-6761 (AreaCode617)

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