BNCT %&BNCT OIST&BNCT

( OIST )'

KEK 2015 6 10

2013 '

ILC 40% '

3

Many'thanks'to'collaborators'and'industries;''

! KEK:''Hitoshi'Kobayashi,'Hiroshi'Matsumoto,'Fujio'Naito,'Toshikazu'Kurihara,''

Noriyuki'Matsumoto,'Yoshiaki'Murakami'

!  University'of'Tsukuba:'Akira'Matsumura,'Hiroaki'Kumada,'Susumu'Tanaka,'Kohji'Niita'

!  JAEA:'Takemi'Nakamura,'Kauo'Hasegawa,'yasuo'Kondo'

! Cosylab:'Takashi'Nakamoto,'Tilen'Zagar'

! Nihon'Advanced'Technology:'Toshiyuki'Ohba,'Nobuaki'Nagura'

! ATOX:'Toshikazu'Ohuchi,'Hisashi'Sakurayama'

! Mitsubishi'Heavy'Industries:'

Tomei'Sugano,'Tomohiro'Tsuiki'

! Many'industries:'

Taiyo'Valve,'Toshiba'EDT,'Nichicon,'DAWONSYS,'Nihon'Koshuha,''

TOYAMA,'NEC/TOKIN,'Kanto'Giken,,,,,,,,'

Special'thanks'to'J^PARC'group'!!!

(1) '

' PHITS

( )

( )

(2) '

' MCNPX

0'

1E+09'

2E+09'

3E+09'

4E+09'

5E+09'

6E+09'

7E+09'

0'' 2'' 4'' 6''

n'[n/m

A/cm2/sec]'

En'[Mev]'

0°'

15°'

30°'

45°'

60°'

90°'

110°'

1.E+05

1.E+06

1.E+07

1.E+08

1.E+09

1.E+08 1.E+07 1.E+06 1.E+05 1.E+04 1.E+03 1.E+02 1.E+01 1.E+00 1.E+01

���n

/cm2/s/lethargy)

��������MeV)

φ12cm

case13

case14

case15

case16

Neutron'energy'

spectrum'at'the'

pahent'posihon'

Epi^thermal:''

0.5'eV'~'10keV

Neutron'energy'

spectrum'at'the'Be'

target'for'various'

produchon'angles'

Primary'proton'

energy'is'8'MeV'

9Be(p,n)9B

Be'

target

Moderator(&(

Collimator

PE+LiF

MgF

2

PbBi Fe

W

Al

PbTi��

Thermal'neutron' γ^ray'

Epi^thermal''

neutron'

flux'>'4.3 109'

n/cm2/s

Fast'neutron'

As'low'as'

possible

( )

Overview 9

PHITS DCHAIN-SP PHITS

" [t-yield]*.dyld

" [t-track] 20MeV

*.dtrk) " DCHAIN-SP

(file= ) " DCHAIN-SP

(dch_link.dat)

[t-dchain]

DCHAIN-SP

DCHAIN-SP " 1968 " γ "  β+

"  Bq) "  W "  γ

(3) ' PHITS DCHAIN^SP

( )

'

!  '

! 

'

'

'

'

OIST]

Development%of%the%technologies%for%a%compact%and%intense%proton%drive%

%%2015%Joint%Workshop%on%%

TYL/FJPPL%and%FKPPL%@%OISTMasakazu%Yoshioka%(OIST/KEK/Univ.%Tsukuba)

Shin&ichi%Kurokawa%(KEK/Cosylab) Partner:%Olivier%Napoly%(CEA/Saclay)

1.  ConstrucXon%status%of%Ibaraki&BNCT%(Boron%Neutron%Capture%Therapy)%facility%as%the%POC%machine,%it’s%a%compact%proton%driver

2.  Design%work%toward%OIST&BNCT,%as%the%first%mass%producXon%model. 3.  Possible%applicaXon%of%the%BNCT%linac%for

1.  The%front%end%of%intense%large&scale%machines 2.  The%compact%neutron%source%for%material%science

4.  Summary

Clinical'studies'using'reactor^base'neutron'source

cancer

Position of BNCT in cancer therapy

Surgery treatmentCancer drug

X-ray treatment

Proton therapy Heavy ion therapy

Invasive cancer '

Multiple cancerSolid tumor

Recurrent cancer

BNCT

Coverage of BNCT!  Brain malignancy !  Head neck cancer !  Malignant melanoma !  Lung cancer !  Multiple liver cancer !  Mesothelial cancer

(asbestos exposure victim) !  Recurrent breast cancer !  Various recurrent cancer

Neutron Source: Replace the Research Reactor with Accelerator # Accelerate Drug development

Basic%configuraXon%of%proton%linac%for%BNCT

16(

Ion(

Source

H+(50(keV

RFQ DTL

Beam(

Transport(&(

Expander

3(MeV 8(MeV

1.2(MW(

Klystron(

324(MHz

Be'

target

Moderator(&(

Collimator

80(kW

Peak'current Max.(50(mA

Pulse'width Max.(1(ms

Pulse'repehhon Max.(200(pps

Duty 20%

Beam'power 80(kW

Klystron

DTL

RFQ

Waveguide

Beam(Transport

Target(

Moderator(

Collimator(

>(109n/cm2/s(

epiVthermal(neutron(

Beam(Expander

0'

1E+09'

2E+09'

3E+09'

4E+09'

5E+09'

6E+09'

7E+09'

0'' 2'' 4'' 6''

n'[n/m

A/cm2/sec]'

En'[Mev]'

0°'

15°'

30°'

45°'

60°'

90°'

110°'

1.E+05

1.E+06

1.E+07

1.E+08

1.E+09

1.E+08 1.E+07 1.E+06 1.E+05 1.E+04 1.E+03 1.E+02 1.E+01 1.E+00 1.E+01

���n

/cm2/s/lethargy)

��������MeV)

φ12cm

case13

case14

case15

case16

Neutron'energy'

spectrum'at'the'

pahent'posihon'

Epi^thermal:''

0.5'eV'~'10keV

Neutron'energy'

spectrum'at'the'Be'

target'for'various'

produchon'angles'

Primary'proton'

energy'is'8'MeV'

9Be(p,n)9B

Be'

target

Moderator(&(

Collimator

PE+LiF

MgF

2

PbBi Fe

W

Al

PbTi��

Thermal'neutron γ^ray

Epi^thermal''

neutron'

flux'>'4.5 109'

n/cm2/s

Fast'neutron

As'low'as'

possible

Neutron'flux'requirement

InstallaXon%of%RF%system%and%beam%transport%by%2014

Modulator1.2'MW'Klystron Beam'transport'&'expander

RF Conditioning

First%beam%commissioning%was%completed%in%December%2014

20(

(Preliminary)(

Ion(Source

RFQ

DTL

Fluorescent'screen'on'

target'

Very'low'peak'current:'~'1'uA'

Project%Xmeline%in%near%future:%1.%InstallaXon%of%TMCS%is%going%on%2.%Neutron%beam%commissioning%#%summer%~%3.%Cell%and%animal%level%study%#%end%of%this%year%~%4.%Clinical%trial%#%JFY%2016~

•  Target,(Moderator,(Collimator(and(Shield(

•  Installa\on(was(completed(except(shield.(

1.  ConstrucXon%status%of%Ibaraki&BNCT%(Boron%Neutron%Capture%Therapy)%facility%as%the%POC%machine,%it’s%a%compact%proton%driver

2.  Design%work%toward%OIST&BNCT,%as%the%first%mass%producXon%model.

3.  Possible(applica\on(of(the(BNCT(linac(for(

1.  The(front(end(of(intense(largeVscale(machines(

2.  The(compact(neutron(source(for(material(science(

4.  Summary

IbarakiVBNCT((

# POC(machine(based(on(JVPARC(RF(design(

# Installed(in(an(exis\ng(building((acer(remodeling),((

# not(necessarily(op\mized(for(BNCT

The(purpose(of(the(OISTVBNCT((

#(establish(the(first(mass(produc\on(model(

Its(design(should(be(op\mized(for(BNCT,(based(on(IbarakiVexperiences(

Sugawara'Unit'is'aiming'to'study'

!  BNCT'!  Cancer'Stem'Cell'

!  Drug'delivery'system'

!  Imaging'technology

The'design'team'(Parameter'Board)''

was'created'last'weak,'on'May'14'''

!  Project'leader:'Hirotaka'Sugawara'(OIST)'!  Parameter'board'chair:'Kazuo'Hasegawa'(JAEA)'

!  Scienhfic'secretary:''' 'Masakazu'Yoshioka'&'Yasuo'Higashi'(OIST)'

!  Secretary:'Fumiko'Suzuki'(OIST)''

!  Members:'

$  OIST:'H.'Sugawara,'M.'Yoshioka,'Y.'Higashi'

$  KEK:'F.'Naito,'S.'Kurokawa,'H.'Matsumoto'

$  JAEA:'K.'Hasegawa,'Y.'Kondo'$  Univ.'Tsukuba:'H.'Kumada'

'

!  Ad'Hoc'meehngs'with'industries'will'be'held.

'

Common'parts'and'concept'of'OIST^BNCT'with'Ibaraki^BNCT'

!  Linac'configurahon:''“50'kV'ECR'ion'source'+'RFQ'+'DTL”''with'duty'factor'of'20%'! Careful'design'by'considering'space'charge'effect'(loss'issue),'beam'ophcs'and'

beam'emiwance'matching'between'subsystems'

! Use'of'solid'beryllium'target''

'Ibaraki 'OIST'(Tentahve) comments'for'OIST^BNCT

RF'frequency 324'MHz J^PARC'freq.' 'EU'Freq.

Beam'Energy 8'MeV Higher'beam'energy'

Lower'beam'powerBeam'Power 80'kW

Epi^thermal''

Neutron'Flux4.5' '109'n/cm2/s

irradiahon'hme'for'pahent'

~15'min.

Peak'current 50'mAenough'margin'for'

50'kV'ECR'ion'source'operahon

Pulse'width 1'msMarx'circuit'for'main'circuit'or'

droop'compensahon'circuit

Repehhon'rate 200'Hz

RFQ'energy'gain 3'MeVLower'vane'hp'surface'electric'

field'for'stable'operahon

DTL'energy'gain 5'MeV

Klystron 1 1.2MW'SBK 3 0.5MW'MBKSBK:'Single'beam'klystron'

MBK:'Mulh'beam'klystron

ITEM' VALUE'

BEAM'ENERGY'[MeV]:' )

BEAM'ENERGY'JITTER'[%]:' <±0.5'

PEAK'BEAM'CURRENT'[mA]:' 50'

AVERAGE'BEAM'CURRENT'[mA]:' 10.5'

BEAM'POWER'[kW]:' (B @3 D72A6.4 A A FKMG % NL

MAX.'REP.'RATE'[Hz]:' 60'

ITEM' VALUE'

3 8 KHO F:DG % %

C3 KHO F DG %) (

C A 53 KHO F CG % (1B 3 A KHO F G +

B @3 D72A6.4 A A FKMG % NL )RISE'&'FALL'TIME'(0'to'100%)'

[ms]:'<0.1'

FLATNESS'@TOP'(RMS):'

STABILITY'@TOP'(RMS):'

REP.'RATE'[Hz]:'single'&'1'to'60'

MODULATOR'

FALL'

^ possible'configurahon 2' case'design'

We'will'add'one'more'MBK'to'DTL'and'increase'energy'gain

ITEM' VALUE'

4 3 B3 1E F:6PG )Q %

BA BA 4 D3 KHOF DG

03 : C A 53 KHO F CG % R (

03 : 1B 3 A KHO F G R +

5 7 FI0GS .

D3447173 1E A @ AB A7

F GS))

Circu

lator

Circu

lator

1.'Accelerator'room'

!  ECR'Ion'Source'!  RFQ'and'DTL'!  Circulator'!  Mulh^beam'klystron

2.'Irradiahon'room'

!  Beam'transport'and'beam'size'expansion'

!  Target,'Moderator'and'Collimator'

!  Bed'for'pahent

3.'Power'supply'room'

!  Klystron'Modulator'power'

supply'

!  Low'level'RF'circuits'!  Magnet'power'supply'

!  Vacuum'control

5.'Uhlity'room'

!  Cooling'water'systems'

!  Air'venhlahon'and'condihon'!  Electric'power'distribuhon

4.'Roof'top'

!  Cooling'tower'!  Water'chilling'unit

6.'Control'room'

!  Main'control'system'

!  Personal'protechon'&'radiahon'safety'system'

!  Machine'protechon'system'

!  Timing'system

Solenoid'

Collector'

Electron'gun':'6'beams'

Cavity'

TOSHIBA'Mulh^Beam'Klystron'

(MBK)'E3736'for'ILC'&'XFEL(SRF)'

i^BNCT'Klystron'system'E37619'

Single'beam,'1.2'MW,'^90kV,'33A

OIST^BNCT'Klystron'system:'6'beams,'600'kW,'^31kV,'33A'

Advantage'of'MBK'by'comparing'with'SBK:''

!  higher'AC'to'RF'power'conv.'eff.'(61/54'%)'!  lower'modulator'power'supply'voltage'(31/91'kV)'''

#'compact'and'reliable'modulator'power'supply'

!  Longer'cathode'life'due'to'lower'cathode'loading

MBK:'mulh'beam''Klystron'

One'of'the'key'technologies

!  We are almost reaching at the starting line of the OIST-BNCT.

!  The preliminary design work has been already started. !  Timeline of the project (depends on the budget profile)

$  2015 # Make a full design work and TDR $  OIST/KEK/Tsukuba Univ./JAEA collaboration is crucial $  Effective outsourcing (Cosylab/NAT/ATOX) is necessary

$  2015~2016 # ECR ion-source construction and test $  2016~2018 # manufacturing of the linac $  2017~2019 # manufacturing of the target, moderator,

collimator and irradiation system $  2019 # installation and commissioning

30(

Ridge(waveguide

2(solenoids(for(ECR(condi\on((874(gauss)

3(electrodes

An%example%of%collaboraXon%between%%%BNCT%and%CEA/Saclay

ECR'Ione'source''

for'Ibaraki^BNCT

LEBT

31(

Beam(reducer

Differen\al(evacua\on

Solenoid(focus

Beam(dump(to(remove(

unnecessary(ions(H2+(and(H3

+(

+(Emigance(Monitor(

Chopper

1.  ConstrucXon%status%of%Ibaraki&BNCT%(Boron%Neutron%Capture%Therapy)%facility%as%the%POC%machine,%it’s%a%compact%proton%driver

2.  Design%work%toward%OIST&BNCT,%as%the%first%mass%producXon%model.

3.   Possible'applicahon'of'the'BNCT'linac'for'1.   The'front'end'of'intense'large^scale'machines'

2.   The'compact'neutron'source'for'material'science'

4.  Summary

ECR'ion'source'

!  High'current'!  Easy'to'maintenance

High'current'RFQ

MBKsKey'elements'for''

high'current'and''

High'duty'linac

ESS

Many'common'technical'requirements'for''

the'BNCT'and'the'front^end'of'ESS'!!

Large'scale'neutron'source'

High'flux,'but'

Limited'machine'hme

Small'scale'neutron'source'

Low'flux,'but'

Taylor^made'studies

!  HUNS:'Hokkaido'

University'

Neutron'

Source'

!  45MeV'Electron'linac

!  RANS:'Riken'

Accelerator^driven'

Neutron''

Source'

!  7MeV,'600W'proton'Linac

We'need'

both'!!

compact'neutron'source'for'material'and'life'science'

and'Industrial'applicahons'

If Michi can show a good market, I will establish a venture

35MV/m Electron linac

BNCT RFQ

2 UCANS '

# Dreams'will'come'true!!

1.  ConstrucXon%status%of%Ibaraki&BNCT%(Boron%Neutron%Capture%Therapy)%facility%as%the%POC%machine,%it’s%a%compact%proton%driver

2.  Design%work%toward%OIST&BNCT,%as%the%first%mass%producXon%model. 3.  Possible(applica\on(of(the(BNCT(linac(for(

1.  The(front(end(of(intense(largeVscale(machines(

2.  The(compact(neutron(source(for(material(science(

4.  Summary

ECR'ion'source'

!  High'current'!  Easy'to'maintenance

High'current'RFQ

MBKs

!  Our'first'and'second'compact'proton'driver'construchon'

'#'Ibaraki'BNCT,'full'commissioning'will'be'very'soon'(POC'machine)'

'#'OIST^BNCT'five'year'construchon'program'has'been'just'started'

'''''''The'role'is'to'establish'the'first'mass'produchon'model'

!  Experiences'of'CEA/Saclay'on'this'field'is'very'important'

!  Technologies'for'BNCT'are'common'with'front^end'of'the'large'scale'machine'

!  BNCT'linac'can'be'applied'as'a'compact'neutron'source'for'material/life'science'

''''''and'industrial'applicahons''